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Gene Dmel\lwr

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\lwr	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	lesswright	Annotation symbol	CG3018
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0010602
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	13 publicly available
Also Known As	ubc9, DmUbc9, semi, dUbc9, hbl
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	21E2-21E2	Sequence location	2L:540,599..542,572 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene lesswright is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\lwr (CG3018, FBgn0010602). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding; SUMO ligase activity; heat shock protein binding. There is experimental evidence for 14 unique biological process terms, many of which group under: biological regulation; cell cycle; macromolecule modification; cellular process involved in reproduction; immune system process; protein modification process; M phase of meiotic cell cycle; regulation of developmental process; cellular macromolecule metabolic process; multicellular organismal process. 26 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; organ system subdivision; adult segment; thoracic segment; embryonic/larval hemocoel; embryonic segment; portion of tissue; embryonic head; embryonic/larval fat body; podocyte; adult; external compound sense organ. It has 4 annotated transcripts and 4 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, E2; Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, active site; Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme/RWD-like. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderately high expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male reproductive system, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval midgut, adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1636282_s_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 2 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of lwr. Gene sequence location is 2L:540599..542572.
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2012_01	Sequence features BKN27780
FB2011_10	Polypeptides lwr-PC lwr-PD Transcripts lwr-RD lwr-RC
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 21E2-21E2   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k09610k09610&P{lacW}Sk09538a and P{PZ}l(2)1068510685&P{lacW}Tango14k00619
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 21C-21C     (Bhaskar, 1999.12.27) 21C-21D     (Ohsako, 1998.9.11) 21C-21D     (Ohsako, 1998.9.11) 21D-21D     (Joanisse, 1997.10.20) 21C6-21C7   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 21C-21D   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Ohsako and Takamatsu, 1999) 21C-21C     (Apionishev and Rasooly, 1996) 21C6-21C7     (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) 21D-21D   Located at the doublet of 21D. (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2- (Apionishev and Rasooly, 1997, Epps and Tanda, 1998)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\lwr for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.42
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) lwr-RA FBtr0078081  NM_057630   1101   159 lwr-RB FBtr0078082  NM_164385   1286   159 lwr-RC FBtr0310028     1355   159 lwr-RD FBtr0310029     1097   159
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.2 (northern blot) (Epps and Tanda, 1998) 0.736 (longest cDNA) (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein lwr-PA   FBpp0077741   18.1   159   8.61     NP_476978   AAN10499 lwr-PB   FBpp0077742   18.1   159   8.61     NP_722637   AAF51487 lwr-PC   FBpp0301731   18.1   159   8.61       lwr-PD   FBpp0301732   18.1   159   8.61
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	159 (aa); 18 (kD predicted) (Joanisse et al., 1998) 159 (aa) (Epps and Tanda, 1998, Bhaskar et al., 2000)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, E2 (IPR000608) Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme/RWD-like (IPR016135) Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, active site (IPR023313)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA247001   AA264028   AA392936   AA695121   AA696676   AA696677   AA696776   AA697073   AA735969   AA803613   AA817212   AA942501   AA979498   AE014134 AAF51487   AE014134 AAN10499   AB017606 BAA34574   AB017607 BAA34575   AC004573   AC005269   AC008002   AF030443 AAC38964   AF030444 AAC38965   AF106664 AAD21970   AF218861 AAF31701   AI062879   AI257189   AI294173   AI294766   AI297570   AI401853   AI513360   AI514616   AI514771   AI515974   AI519066   AI520183   AI520184   AI533807   AI541741   AI543970   AQ025601   AW941313   AY060944 AAL28492   AY113433 AAM29438   AY440039   BF487986   BG637601   BG640147   BI165385   BI228259   BI230723   BI354370   BI367734   BI372784   BI483995   BI486926   BI577732   BI635360   BI636367   BI640643   BP550918   BQ103629   BX007099   BX007474   BX007768   BX008344   BX009823   BX009873   BX010215   BX012149   BX012226   BX014846   BX014996   BX015568   BX016156   BX016626   BX016908   BX019390   BX019856   BX021418   BX029480   BX029833   BX033279   BX034753   BX035269   BX035858   BX035981   BX037349   BX043533   BX044969   BX048030   BX048080   BX052958   BX053985   BX055175   BX064492   BX064804   BX065480   BX069974   BX070291   CO155957   CO156986   CO190332   CO264261   CO271182   CO271191   CO276700   CO283247   CO299146   CO318243   CO322956   CZ479827   DQ440200   EC060047   EC063126   EC071562   EC080532   EC200115   EC215608   EC220511   EC220645   EC232894   EC266632   EC267675   EV599466   G00739   GH956304   GH958379   GH978018   GH979636   GH984582
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q7KNM2
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Bhaskar et al., 2000) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 4   organism | anterior   (Epps and Tanda, 1998) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage -- pupal stage   organism   (Lehembre et al., 2000) adult stage | female   organism   (Lehembre et al., 2000)
Additional Descriptive Data
	lwr transcripts are provided maternally and are expressed throughout embryogenesis. (Bhaskar et al., 2000) lwr transcript accumulates at the anterior end of syncytial blastoderm embryos. (Epps and Tanda, 1998)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
western blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Joanisse et al., 1998) adult stage | female   organism   (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Additional Descriptive Data
	lwr protein is detected in the nucleus of S2 cells. (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term	nucleus (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0010602    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0010602 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderately high expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0010602 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    16555 embryo 02-04hr    28959 embryo 04-06hr    33521 embryo 06-08hr    26838 embryo 08-10hr    21113 embryo 10-12hr    15079 embryo 12-14hr    10393 embryo 14-16hr    9452 embryo 16-18hr    8012 embryo 18-20hr    7005 embryo 20-22hr    9038 embryo 22-24hr    8164 larva L1    5823 larva L2    5923 larva L3 12hr old    4333 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5570 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7325 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8657 white prepupae new    9602 white prepupae 12hr    9554 white prepupae 24hr    11383 pupae 2d postWPP    7201 pupae 3d postWPP    4455 pupae 4d postWPP    3866 adult male 01day    3554 adult male 05day    3692 adult male 30day    3365 adult female 01day    5734 adult female 05day    8221 adult female 30day    8639 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16555) embryo 02-04hr  (28959) embryo 04-06hr  (33521) embryo 06-08hr  (26838) embryo 08-10hr  (21113) embryo 10-12hr  (15079) embryo 12-14hr  (10393) embryo 14-16hr  (9452) embryo 16-18hr  (8012) embryo 18-20hr  (7005) embryo 20-22hr  (9038) embryo 22-24hr  (8164) larva L1  (5823) larva L2  (5923) larva L3 12hr old  (4333) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (5570) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (7325) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (8657) white prepupae new  (9602) white prepupae 12hr  (9554) white prepupae 24hr  (11383) pupae 2d postWPP  (7201) pupae 3d postWPP  (4455) pupae 4d postWPP  (3866) adult male 01day  (3554) adult male 05day  (3692) adult male 30day  (3365) adult female 01day  (5734) adult female 05day  (8221) adult female 30day  (8639) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16555) embryo 02-04hr  (28959) embryo 04-06hr  (33521) embryo 06-08hr  (26838) embryo 08-10hr  (21113) embryo 10-12hr  (15079) embryo 12-14hr  (10393) embryo 14-16hr  (9452) embryo 16-18hr  (8012) embryo 18-20hr  (7005) embryo 20-22hr  (9038) embryo 22-24hr  (8164) larva L1  (5823) larva L2  (5923) larva L3 12hr old  (4333) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (5570) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (7325) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (8657) white prepupae new  (9602) white prepupae 12hr  (9554) white prepupae 24hr  (11383) pupae 2d postWPP  (7201) pupae 3d postWPP  (4455) pupae 4d postWPP  (3866) adult male 01day  (3554) adult male 05day  (3692) adult male 30day  (3365) adult female 01day  (5734) adult female 05day  (8221) adult female 30day  (8639) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16555) embryo 02-04hr  (28959) embryo 04-06hr  (33521) embryo 06-08hr  (26838) embryo 08-10hr  (21113) embryo 10-12hr  (15079) embryo 12-14hr  10393 embryo 14-16hr    9452 embryo 16-18hr    8012 embryo 18-20hr    7005 embryo 20-22hr    9038 embryo 22-24hr    8164 larva L1    5823 larva L2    5923 larva L3 12hr old    4333 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5570 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7325 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8657 white prepupae new    9602 white prepupae 12hr    9554 white prepupae 24hr  (11383) pupae 2d postWPP    7201 pupae 3d postWPP    4455 pupae 4d postWPP    3866 adult male 01day    3554 adult male 05day    3692 adult male 30day    3365 adult female 01day    5734 adult female 05day    8221 adult female 30day    8639 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    16555 embryo 02-04hr    28959 embryo 04-06hr    33521 embryo 06-08hr    26838 embryo 08-10hr    21113 embryo 10-12hr    15079 embryo 12-14hr    10393 embryo 14-16hr    9452 embryo 16-18hr    8012 embryo 18-20hr    7005 embryo 20-22hr    9038 embryo 22-24hr    8164 larva L1    5823 larva L2    5923 larva L3 12hr old    4333 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5570 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7325 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8657 white prepupae new    9602 white prepupae 12hr    9554 white prepupae 24hr    11383 pupae 2d postWPP    7201 pupae 3d postWPP    4455 pupae 4d postWPP    3866 adult male 01day    3554 adult male 05day    3692 adult male 30day    3365 adult female 01day    5734 adult female 05day    8221 adult female 30day    8639 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0010602 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    16555 embryo 02-04hr    28959 embryo 04-06hr    33521 embryo 06-08hr    26838 embryo 08-10hr    21113 embryo 10-12hr    15079 embryo 12-14hr    10393 embryo 14-16hr    9452 embryo 16-18hr    8012 embryo 18-20hr    7005 embryo 20-22hr    9038 embryo 22-24hr    8164 larva L1    5823 larva L2    5923 larva L3 12hr old    4333 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5570 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7325 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8657 white prepupae new    9602 white prepupae 12hr    9554 white prepupae 24hr    11383 pupae 2d postWPP    7201 pupae 3d postWPP    4455 pupae 4d postWPP    3866 adult male 01day    3554 adult male 05day    3692 adult male 30day    3365 adult female 01day    5734 adult female 05day    8221 adult female 30day    8639 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16555) embryo 02-04hr  (28959) embryo 04-06hr  (33521) embryo 06-08hr  (26838) embryo 08-10hr  (21113) embryo 10-12hr  (15079) embryo 12-14hr  (10393) embryo 14-16hr  (9452) embryo 16-18hr  (8012) embryo 18-20hr  (7005) embryo 20-22hr  (9038) embryo 22-24hr  (8164) larva L1  (5823) larva L2  (5923) larva L3 12hr old  (4333) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (5570) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (7325) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (8657) white prepupae new  (9602) white prepupae 12hr  (9554) white prepupae 24hr  (11383) pupae 2d postWPP  (7201) pupae 3d postWPP  (4455) pupae 4d postWPP  (3866) adult male 01day  (3554) adult male 05day  (3692) adult male 30day  (3365) adult female 01day  (5734) adult female 05day  (8221) adult female 30day  (8639) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (16555) embryo 02-04hr  (28959) embryo 04-06hr  (33521) embryo 06-08hr  (26838) embryo 08-10hr  (21113) embryo 10-12hr  (15079) embryo 12-14hr  (10393) embryo 14-16hr  (9452) embryo 16-18hr  (8012) embryo 18-20hr  (7005) embryo 20-22hr  (9038) embryo 22-24hr  (8164) larva L1  (5823) larva L2  (5923) larva L3 12hr old  (4333) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (5570) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (7325) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (8657) white prepupae new  (9602) white prepupae 12hr  (9554) white prepupae 24hr  (11383) pupae 2d postWPP  (7201) pupae 3d postWPP  (4455) pupae 4d postWPP  (3866) adult male 01day  (3554) adult male 05day  (3692) adult male 30day  (3365) adult female 01day  (5734) adult female 05day  (8221) adult female 30day  (8639) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  16555 embryo 02-04hr  (28959) embryo 04-06hr  (33521) embryo 06-08hr  (26838) embryo 08-10hr  (21113) embryo 10-12hr  15079 embryo 12-14hr  10393 embryo 14-16hr    9452 embryo 16-18hr    8012 embryo 18-20hr    7005 embryo 20-22hr    9038 embryo 22-24hr    8164 larva L1    5823 larva L2    5923 larva L3 12hr old    4333 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5570 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7325 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8657 white prepupae new    9602 white prepupae 12hr    9554 white prepupae 24hr  11383 pupae 2d postWPP    7201 pupae 3d postWPP    4455 pupae 4d postWPP    3866 adult male 01day    3554 adult male 05day    3692 adult male 30day    3365 adult female 01day    5734 adult female 05day    8221 adult female 30day    8639 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    16555 embryo 02-04hr    28959 embryo 04-06hr    33521 embryo 06-08hr    26838 embryo 08-10hr    21113 embryo 10-12hr    15079 embryo 12-14hr    10393 embryo 14-16hr    9452 embryo 16-18hr    8012 embryo 18-20hr    7005 embryo 20-22hr    9038 embryo 22-24hr    8164 larva L1    5823 larva L2    5923 larva L3 12hr old    4333 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    5570 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7325 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8657 white prepupae new    9602 white prepupae 12hr    9554 white prepupae 24hr    11383 pupae 2d postWPP    7201 pupae 3d postWPP    4455 pupae 4d postWPP    3866 adult male 01day    3554 adult male 05day    3692 adult male 30day    3365 adult female 01day    5734 adult female 05day    8221 adult female 30day    8639 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0010602    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0010602 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male reproductive system, larval carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval midgut, adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0010602 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1918.075 Larval Midgut    470.8 Larval Hindgut    927 Larval Malpighian Tubules    773.9 Larval Fat Body    705.4 Larval Salivary Gland    1120.3 Larval Trachea    1276.75 Larval Carcass    1001.675 Adult Head    573.8 Adult Eye    519.6 Adult Brain    834.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    840.6 Adult Crop    800.3 Adult Midgut    663.6 Adult Hindgut    582.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    491.7 Adult Fat Body    571 Adult Salivary Gland    1302.7 Adult Heart    474.525 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1330.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1345 Adult Ovary    1378.6 Adult Testis    505 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1576.7 Adult Carcass    420.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1918.075) Larval Midgut    470.8 Larval Hindgut  (927) Larval Malpighian Tubules  (773.9) Larval Fat Body  (705.4) Larval Salivary Gland  (1120.3) Larval Trachea  (1276.75) Larval Carcass  (1001.675) Adult Head  (573.8) Adult Eye  519.6 Adult Brain  (834.8) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (840.6) Adult Crop  (800.3) Adult Midgut  (663.6) Adult Hindgut  (582.7) Adult Malpighian Tubules    491.7 Adult Fat Body  (571) Adult Salivary Gland  (1302.7) Adult Heart    474.525 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1330.1) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1345) Adult Ovary  (1378.6) Adult Testis  505 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1576.7) Adult Carcass    420.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1918.075) Larval Midgut    470.8 Larval Hindgut    927 Larval Malpighian Tubules    773.9 Larval Fat Body    705.4 Larval Salivary Gland  (1120.3) Larval Trachea  (1276.75) Larval Carcass  1001.675 Adult Head    573.8 Adult Eye    519.6 Adult Brain    834.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    840.6 Adult Crop    800.3 Adult Midgut    663.6 Adult Hindgut    582.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    491.7 Adult Fat Body    571 Adult Salivary Gland  (1302.7) Adult Heart    474.525 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1330.1) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1345) Adult Ovary  (1378.6) Adult Testis    505 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1576.7) Adult Carcass    420.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1918.075 Larval Midgut    470.8 Larval Hindgut    927 Larval Malpighian Tubules    773.9 Larval Fat Body    705.4 Larval Salivary Gland    1120.3 Larval Trachea    1276.75 Larval Carcass    1001.675 Adult Head    573.8 Adult Eye    519.6 Adult Brain    834.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    840.6 Adult Crop    800.3 Adult Midgut    663.6 Adult Hindgut    582.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    491.7 Adult Fat Body    571 Adult Salivary Gland    1302.7 Adult Heart    474.525 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1330.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1345 Adult Ovary    1378.6 Adult Testis    505 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1576.7 Adult Carcass    420.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0010602 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1918.075 Larval Midgut    470.8 Larval Hindgut    927 Larval Malpighian Tubules    773.9 Larval Fat Body    705.4 Larval Salivary Gland    1120.3 Larval Trachea    1276.75 Larval Carcass    1001.675 Adult Head    573.8 Adult Eye    519.6 Adult Brain    834.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    840.6 Adult Crop    800.3 Adult Midgut    663.6 Adult Hindgut    582.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    491.7 Adult Fat Body    571 Adult Salivary Gland    1302.7 Adult Heart    474.525 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1330.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1345 Adult Ovary    1378.6 Adult Testis    505 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1576.7 Adult Carcass    420.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1918.075) Larval Midgut    470.8 Larval Hindgut  (927) Larval Malpighian Tubules  773.9 Larval Fat Body  705.4 Larval Salivary Gland  (1120.3) Larval Trachea  (1276.75) Larval Carcass  (1001.675) Adult Head  573.8 Adult Eye  519.6 Adult Brain  (834.8) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (840.6) Adult Crop  800.3 Adult Midgut  663.6 Adult Hindgut  582.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    491.7 Adult Fat Body  571 Adult Salivary Gland  (1302.7) Adult Heart    474.525 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  (1330.1) Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (1345) Adult Ovary  (1378.6) Adult Testis  505 Adult Male Accessory Gland  (1576.7) Adult Carcass    420.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1918.075) Larval Midgut    470.8 Larval Hindgut    927 Larval Malpighian Tubules    773.9 Larval Fat Body    705.4 Larval Salivary Gland  1120.3 Larval Trachea  1276.75 Larval Carcass  1001.675 Adult Head    573.8 Adult Eye    519.6 Adult Brain    834.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    840.6 Adult Crop    800.3 Adult Midgut    663.6 Adult Hindgut    582.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    491.7 Adult Fat Body    571 Adult Salivary Gland  1302.7 Adult Heart    474.525 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  1330.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  1345 Adult Ovary  1378.6 Adult Testis    505 Adult Male Accessory Gland  1576.7 Adult Carcass    420.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1918.075 Larval Midgut    470.8 Larval Hindgut    927 Larval Malpighian Tubules    773.9 Larval Fat Body    705.4 Larval Salivary Gland    1120.3 Larval Trachea    1276.75 Larval Carcass    1001.675 Adult Head    573.8 Adult Eye    519.6 Adult Brain    834.8 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    840.6 Adult Crop    800.3 Adult Midgut    663.6 Adult Hindgut    582.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    491.7 Adult Fat Body    571 Adult Salivary Gland    1302.7 Adult Heart    474.525 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    1330.1 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1345 Adult Ovary    1378.6 Adult Testis    505 Adult Male Accessory Gland    1576.7 Adult Carcass    420.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    573.8   NA  Eye    519.6   NA  Brain    834.8   1918.075  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    840.6   NA  Crop    800.3   470.8  Midgut    663.6   927  Hindgut    582.7   773.9  Malpighian Tubules    491.7   705.4  Fat Body    571   1120.3  Salivary Gland    1302.7   NA  Heart    474.525   1276.75  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    1330.1   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    1345   NA  Ovary    1378.6   NA  Testis    505   NA  Male Accessory Gland    1576.7   1001.675  Carcass    420.3 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_17
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0010602 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3018-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4e33C lwrDN.Scer\UAS lethal | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4tub.PU lwrDN.Scer\UAS lethal | maternal effect | recessive lwr02858 lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 lwrGD10017 lethal | recessive lwr4-3 lwr5 lwr10 lwr01519a lwr02858 lwr05486 lwrsemi710 lethal | recessive | rescuable maternal effect lwr02858 lethal | recessive | third instar larval stage lwr13 lethal | second instar larval stage (with lwr13) lwr14 lethal | second instar larval stage (with lwr14) lwr13 lethal | third instar larval stage lwr4-3 lwr5 lethal | third instar larval stage (with lwr4-3) lwr13 lethal | third instar larval stage (with lwr5) lwr13 lethal | third instar larval stage (with lwr13) lwr4-3 lwr5 semi-lethal | recessive lwrunspecified Other Phenotypes Allele developmental rate defective (with lwr4-3) lwr5 developmental rate defective (with lwr5) lwr4-3 immune response defective, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA lwrJF01386 immune response defective, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG lwrJF01386 immune response defective, with Scer\GAL4Lsp2.PH lwrJF01386 immune response defective (with lwr4-3) lwr5 immune response defective (with lwr5) lwr4-3 melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage (with lwr4-3) lwr5 melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage (with lwr5) lwr4-3 lwr14 melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage (with lwr14) lwr5 melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage | partially (with lwr4-3) lwr14 melanotic mass phenotype | larval stage | partially (with lwr14) lwr4-3 mitotic cell cycle defective | embryonic stage | germline clone lwr118 neuroanatomy defective | somatic clone lwr05486 tumorigenic, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA lwrJF01386 tumorigenic, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG lwrJF01386 tumorigenic, with Scer\GAL4Lsp2.PH lwrJF01386 tumorigenic (with lwr4-3) lwr5 tumorigenic (with lwr5) lwr4-3 visible | recessive lwrunspecified wild-type lwr+LD12093 Phenotype manifest in Allele adult head (with lwr05486) lwrunspecified adult head (with lwrunspecified) lwr05486 crystal cell (with lwr4-3) lwr14 lwr5 crystal cell (with lwr5) lwr14 lwr4-3 crystal cell (with lwr14) lwr4-3 lwr5 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle lwr118 embryonic/larval fat body, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA lwrJF01386 embryonic/larval fat body, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG lwrJF01386 embryonic/larval fat body (with lwr4-3) lwr5 embryonic/larval fat body (with lwr5) lwr4-3 embryonic/larval hemocoel, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA lwrJF01386 embryonic/larval hemocoel, with Scer\GAL4Hml.PG lwrJF01386 embryonic/larval hemocoel, with Scer\GAL4Lsp2.PH lwrJF01386 embryonic/larval hemocoel (with lwr4-3) lwr5 embryonic/larval hemocoel (with lwr5) lwr4-3 embryonic/larval hemocyte | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA lwrDN.Scer\UAS embryonic/larval hemocyte | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4e33C lwrDN.Scer\UAS embryonic/larval hemocyte | supernumerary (with lwr4-3) lwr5 embryonic/larval hemocyte | supernumerary (with lwr5) lwr4-3 embryonic abdominal segment lwr02858 lwr107 lwr118 embryonic epidermis lwr02858 lwr05486 lwr107 lwr118 embryonic epidermis, with Scer\GAL4e33C lwrDN.Scer\UAS embryonic epidermis, with Scer\GAL4tub.PU lwrDN.Scer\UAS embryonic head lwr02858 lwr107 lwr118 embryonic thoracic segment lwr02858 lwr107 lwr118 eye (with lwr05486) lwrunspecified eye (with lwrunspecified) lwr05486 hemocyte & nucleus | supernumerary (with lwr4-3) lwr14 hemocyte & nucleus | supernumerary (with lwr14) lwr4-3 hemocyte | supernumerary (with lwr4-3) lwr5 hemocyte | supernumerary (with lwr5) lwr14 lwr4-3 hemocyte | supernumerary (with lwr14) lwr5 lamellocyte | supernumerary (with lwr4-3) lwr14 lwr5 lamellocyte | supernumerary (with lwr5) lwr14 lwr4-3 lamellocyte | supernumerary (with lwr14) lwr4-3 lwr5 leg (with lwr05486) lwrunspecified leg (with lwrunspecified) lwr05486 melanotic mass | larval stage lwr4-3 lwr5 neuroblast | somatic clone lwr05486 plasmatocyte | supernumerary (with lwr4-3) lwr5 plasmatocyte | supernumerary (with lwr5) lwr4-3 wing (with lwr05486) lwrunspecified wing (with lwrunspecified) lwr05486
Classical Alleles ( 15 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of lwr Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion lwr05486 loss of function allele, hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 1 Yes lwr13 loss of function allele Delta2-3 1 Yes lwr4-3 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence Delta2-3 1 Yes lwr5 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes lwrDG29707 P-element activity 1 -- lwre02021 piggyBac transposase 1 -- lwr01519a P-element activity 0 -- lwr02858 P-element activity 0 Yes lwr107 P-element activity 0 Yes lwr10 loss of function allele Delta2-3 0 Yes lwr118 P-element activity 0 Yes lwr14 loss of function allele Delta2-3 0 Yes lwrGS-A2612 Delta2-3 0 -- lwrsemi710 P-element activity 0 Yes lwrunspecified P-element activity 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of lwr Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion lwrGD10017 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes lwrScer\UAS.cAa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes lwrDN.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 1 Yes lwrJF01386 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes lwrKK107780 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes lwr+LD12093 in vitro construct 0 Yes lwr+t2.4 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes lwrAct5C.PB in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes lwrAct5C.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes lwrMtnA.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes lwrScer\UAS.C in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)al (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)ast1 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)ast2 (Spradling et al., 1999) Df(2L)net-PMF (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)pr9201 (Butler, 2001) Df(2L)pr11163 (Butler, 2001) Df(2L)TW50 (Butler, 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)TW65 (Butler, 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) In(2L)ast-1 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Disrupted in	Df(2L)lwr14 (Apionishev et al., 2001)
Partially disrupted in	Df(2L)lwr14 (Casso et al., 2005)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD10017} NA P{KK107780} NA P{TRiP.JF01386} NA P{UAS-lwr.A} NA P{UAS-lwr.C} NA P{UAS-lwr.DN} NA characterization construct P{lwr+t2.4} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}l(2)SH0960SH0960 No P{PZ}lwr13 No P{PZ}lwr01519a No P{PZ}lwr02858 No P{PZ}lwr05486 No miscellaneous insertions P{3'PZ}lwr10 NA P{?PZ}lwr4-3 NA P{PZ}lwrsemi710 NA P{wHy}lwrDG29707 NA PBac{RB}lwre02021 NA insertion of mobile activating element P{GSV1}lwrGS-A2612 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 20 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 20 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
heat shock protein binding inferred from physical interaction with Hsp23 (Joanisse et al., 1998) inferred from physical interaction with Hsp27 (Joanisse et al., 1998) protein binding inferred from physical interaction with dl (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with smt3 (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with Uba2 (Shih et al., 2002) SUMO ligase activity inferred from genetic interaction with dl (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from genetic interaction with smt3 (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with dl (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with smt3 (Bhaskar et al., 2000)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus inferred from genetic interaction with dpp (Miles et al., 2008) dorsal closure inferred from mutant phenotype (Miles et al., 2008) female meiosis inferred from genetic interaction with Axs AND inferred from genetic interaction with mei-218 AND inferred from genetic interaction with ncd (Apionishev et al., 2001) female meiosis chromosome segregation inferred from genetic interaction with nod (Apionishev et al., 2001) hemocyte proliferation inferred from mutant phenotype (Huang et al., 2005) humoral immune response inferred from mutant phenotype (Chiu et al., 2005, Paddibhatla et al., 2010) mitotic cell cycle G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint inferred from genetic interaction with nbs (Kondo and Perrimon, 2011) negative regulation of hemocyte proliferation inferred from mutant phenotype (Chiu et al., 2005) negative regulation of lamellocyte differentiation inferred from mutant phenotype (Chiu et al., 2005) negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway inferred from mutant phenotype (Chiu et al., 2005) protein import into nucleus inferred from mutant phenotype (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with dl (Bhaskar et al., 2000) protein modification process inferred from genetic interaction with dl (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from genetic interaction with smt3 (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with dl (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with smt3 (Bhaskar et al., 2000) protein sumoylation inferred from mutant phenotype (Miles et al., 2008) zygotic specification of dorsal/ventral axis inferred from genetic interaction with cact (Bhaskar et al., 2000) inferred from genetic interaction with dl (Bhaskar et al., 2000)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
condensed chromosome outer kinetochore inferred from direct assay (Nie et al., 2009) condensed nuclear chromosome, centromeric region inferred from direct assay (Nie et al., 2009) nucleus inferred from direct assay (Joanisse et al., 1998, Nie et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
SUMO ligase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces UBC9 (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
protein sumoylation inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces UBC9 (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions lwr allele Gene References lwr4-3 dl (Huang et al., 2005) lwr5 dl (Huang et al., 2005) nod (Apionishev et al., 2001) lwr05486 Axs (Apionishev et al., 2001) mei-218 (Apionishev et al., 2001) ncd (Apionishev et al., 2001) nod (Apionishev and Rasooly, 1997, Apionishev et al., 2001) unspecified bchs (Simonsen et al., 2007) cact (Chiu et al., 2005) ct (Krupp et al., 2005) Dif (Chiu et al., 2005) dl (Chiu et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 59482 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0010602 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0010602 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 33226
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF24729 Dere\GG24645 Dgri\GH10511 Dmoj\GI18029 Dper\GL19258 Dpse\GA15704 Dsec\GM16662 Dsim\GD22953 Dvir\GJ19711 Dwil\GK24638 Dyak\GE16073
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA15704
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL009770-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP011076-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_623683.1 Apis mellifera (honey bee) NP_001119692.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) At3g57870.1 Arabidopsis thaliana (wall cress) 14518 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (chytrid fungus) 126929 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) BGIBMGA005425-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) ENSBTAP00000047838 Bos taurus (bovine) CAL0002169 Candida albicans (a form of yeast) CN11755 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP00455 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE09784 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) CAGL0D00814g Candida glabrata (haploid yeast) JA05213 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) CMK193C Cyanidioschyzon merolae (red alga) cn08213 Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast-like fungus) cgd7_2840 Cryptosporidium parvum (protozoan parasite) CPIJ005149 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000009367 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 57440 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP14032 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSCSAVP00000017431 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) 21101 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DDB0191440 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DEHA2A11352g Debaryomyces Hansenii (yeast) 230818 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000052745 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000013531 Equus caballus (horse) XP_654531 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) ENSGACP00000011777 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) ENSGALP00000039418 Gallus gallus (chicken) GL50803_24068 Giardia lamblia (flagellated protozoan) 71397 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000384361 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW014937-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) KLLA0E05039g Kluyveromyces lactis (yeast) 110263 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) LmjF02.0390 Leishmania major (virus) 15132 Monocosta brevicollis (choanoflagellate) ENSMODP00000020247 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000004874 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMUSP00000055714 Mus musculus (house mouse) 159579 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) XP_001606115.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) ENSORLP00000016945 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) LOC_Os10g39120.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) 19079 Ostreococcus tauri (green alga) PFI0740c Plasmodium falciparum (protozoal parasite) PHUM000408-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP01671 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) 110049 Physcomitrella patens (moss) 194167 Physcomitrella patens (moss) ENSPPYP00000007864 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 41556 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) 108868 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) 818405 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) ENSPTRP00000012969 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) PVX_099185 Plasmodium vivax (protozoal parasite) ENSRNOP00000024406 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) 4999009 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) YDL064W Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Smp_103710 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) SPAC30D11.13 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) XP_001185872.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) 31624 Trichoplax adhaerens (metazoa) TA05120 Theileria annulata (apicomplexan parasite) XP_967918.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) Tc00.1047053503515.14 Trypanosoma cruzi (parasitic trypanosome) ENSTNIP00000009189 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) TP03_0540 Theileria parva (parasitic protozoan) 21811 Thalassiosira pseudonana (marine diatom) ENSTRUP00000040080 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 3717.m00084 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) 81997.m00107 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) ENSXETP00000008723 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) YALI0B22638g Yarrowia lipolytica (nonconventional yeast) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB15274 NV15317 LH16613 ISCW014937 FBgn0233621 FBgn0226598 FBgn0206853 FBgn0194347 FBgn0171575 JGI_V11_230818 FBgn0075721 FBgn0156857 FBgn0140769 FBgn0117992 FBgn0116777 FBgn0101722 CPIJ005149 BGIBMGA005425 ACYPI000084 GB16281 AGAP011076 AAEL009770 AAEL007477 PHUM274670 GLEAN_06191
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 13 )
Bloomington	9324 y1 w*; P{UAS-lwr.A}2 9322 P{UAS-lwr.A}1, w*; snaSco/CyO 20527 y1 w67c23; P{wHy}lwrDG29707 11410 P{PZ}lwr05486 cn1/CyO; ry506 9318 w*; P{UAS-lwr.DN}3/TM3, P{ActGFP}JMR2, Ser1 31396 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF01386}attP2/TM3, Ser1 9321 y1 w*; lwr4-3 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO, y+ 9317 y1 w*; lwr5 b1 cn1 bw1/CyO, y+
Harvard	- PBac{RB}lwre02021
VDRC	v104007 P{KK107780}VIE-260B v33685 w1118; P{GD10017}v33685 v33684 w1118; P{GD10017}v33684/CyO
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR48E08 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 62 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GM08377 RE25737
Other clones	DPiM_GM08377
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT23125 GH26539 GM02171 GM08117 GM08125 GM09043 GM10219 GM23783 LD06144 LD07405 LD12093 LD22390 LD26753 LD34103 LD38315 LD40254 LD40256 LD41696 LD45677 LD46149 LD46456 LP05488 LP07486 LP08218 LP11901 RE05269 RE14751 RE53563 RE59952 RE66995 RE70414 RE71457 SD05771 SD06867 SD11108 SD16686 SD18020 SD23588
Other clones	Dmel_neb_015073_0902_0305 EK047806 EK102222 EK102246 EK121853 EK138339 EK162706 EK174628 EK189307 EK271141 EN07112 EN09714 FGM209H11 GH02236 GM13641 RP004035826 RP004081656 RP004196647 RP004247984 RP004265268 UUGC1037
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0010602 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 33226
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
	'semushi' means 'hunchback' in Japanese. (Tanda, 1998.3.18)
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: lwr CG3018 (Guan, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: semi lwr Ubc9 (Epps and Tanda, 1998)
Additional comments	Genetic complementation analysis reveals lwr functionally rescues a temperature-sensitive Scer\UBC9 mutant. (Joanisse et al., 1998)
Other Comments
	Expression is enriched in embryonic gonads. (Shigenobu et al., 2006) lwr inhibits dl and Dif activities. (Huang et al., 2005) lwr may play a novel role as a gap gene, more specifically lwr function may be responsible for the degradation or modification of Gap genes or other factors which negatively regulate these genes. (Epps and Tanda, 1998) lwr is involved in the regulation of bcd target genes by bcd, being required for nuclear import of bcd protein. (Epps and Tanda, 1998) Mutation of lwr disrupts anterior segmentation in embryogenesis, by interfering with the regulation of bcd target genes by bcd protein. (Epps and Tanda, 1998) Identification: Yeast two hybrid screen for interaction with Hsp23. Co-immunoprecipitation with an antibody raised against lwr confirms interaction with Hsp23 and Hsp26 and preferentially with Hsp27. (Joanisse et al., 1998) Identification: Yeast two hybrid study using full length sina to screen a SL2 cDNA library. (Hu et al., 1997) Mutants suppress the nodDTW phenotype. (Apionishev and Rasooly, 1996)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_057630 NM_164385 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_476978 NP_722637 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA247001 AA392936 AA696677 AA696776 AAC38964 AAC38965 AAD21970 AAF31701 AAF51487 AAL28492 AAM29438 AAN10499 AB017606 AB017607 AC004573 AC005269 AC008002 AF030443 AF030444 AF106664 AF218861 AQ025601 AW941313 AY060944 AY113433 BAA34574 BAA34575 BI228259 CZ479827 G00739 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 33226 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q7KNM2
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, E2 (IPR000608) Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme/RWD-like (IPR016135) Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, active site (IPR023313)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 59482 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0010602 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0010602 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0010602 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0010602 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3018-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0010602 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 33226 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL009770-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP011076-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_623683.1 Apis mellifera (honey bee) NP_001119692.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) At3g57870.1 Arabidopsis thaliana (wall cress) 14518 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (chytrid fungus) 126929 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) BGIBMGA005425-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) ENSBTAP00000047838 Bos taurus (bovine) CAL0002169 Candida albicans (a form of yeast) CN11755 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP00455 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE09784 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) CAGL0D00814g Candida glabrata (haploid yeast) JA05213 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) CMK193C Cyanidioschyzon merolae (red alga) cn08213 Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast-like fungus) cgd7_2840 Cryptosporidium parvum (protozoan parasite) CPIJ005149 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000009367 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 57440 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP14032 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSCSAVP00000017431 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) 21101 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DDB0191440 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DEHA2A11352g Debaryomyces Hansenii (yeast) 230818 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000052745 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000013531 Equus caballus (horse) XP_654531 Entamoeba histolytica (anaerobic protozoan) ENSGACP00000011777 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) ENSGALP00000039418 Gallus gallus (chicken) GL50803_24068 Giardia lamblia (flagellated protozoan) 71397 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000384361 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW014937-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) KLLA0E05039g Kluyveromyces lactis (yeast) 110263 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) LmjF02.0390 Leishmania major (virus) 15132 Monocosta brevicollis (choanoflagellate) ENSMODP00000020247 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000004874 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMUSP00000055714 Mus musculus (house mouse) 159579 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) XP_001606115.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) ENSORLP00000016945 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) LOC_Os10g39120.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) 19079 Ostreococcus tauri (green alga) PFI0740c Plasmodium falciparum (protozoal parasite) PHUM000408-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP01671 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) 110049 Physcomitrella patens (moss) 194167 Physcomitrella patens (moss) ENSPPYP00000007864 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 41556 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) 108868 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) 818405 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) ENSPTRP00000012969 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) PVX_099185 Plasmodium vivax (protozoal parasite) ENSRNOP00000024406 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) 4999009 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) YDL064W Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Smp_103710 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) SPAC30D11.13 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) XP_001185872.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) 31624 Trichoplax adhaerens (metazoa) TA05120 Theileria annulata (apicomplexan parasite) XP_967918.1 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) Tc00.1047053503515.14 Trypanosoma cruzi (parasitic trypanosome) ENSTNIP00000009189 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) TP03_0540 Theileria parva (parasitic protozoan) 21811 Thalassiosira pseudonana (marine diatom) ENSTRUP00000040080 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 3717.m00084 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) 81997.m00107 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) ENSXETP00000008723 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) YALI0B22638g Yarrowia lipolytica (nonconventional yeast) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /sturtevant/ubc9lesswright1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 33226 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0010602 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB15274 NV15317 LH16613 ISCW014937 FBgn0233621 FBgn0226598 FBgn0206853 FBgn0194347 FBgn0171575 JGI_V11_230818 FBgn0075721 FBgn0156857 FBgn0140769 FBgn0117992 FBgn0116777 FBgn0101722 CPIJ005149 BGIBMGA005425 ACYPI000084 GB16281 AGAP011076 AAEL009770 AAEL007477 PHUM274670 GLEAN_06191
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 30 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG3018 (Battersby et al., 2003, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2008) dip4 (Bhaskar et al., 2000) DmUbc9 (Shih et al., 2002, Smith et al., 2001, Long and Griffith, 2000, Bhaskar et al., 2000, Joanisse et al., 1998) Dmubc9 (Shih et al., 2000, Joanisse et al., 1998) dUbc9 (Chiu et al., 2005, Tanda et al., 2000, Lehembre et al., 2000, Kalamarz et al., 2008) dUBC9 (Ohsako and Takamatsu, 1999) DUbc9 (Tanda et al., 2000) FBgn0010602 (Mi et al., 2003) hbl (Tanda, 1998.3.18, Epps and Tanda, 1998) i56 (Battersby et al., 2003) i105 (Battersby et al., 2003) l(2)01519 (Butler, 2001) l(2)02858   l(2)05486   l(2)05487   lwr (Khokhar et al., 2008, Mukai et al., 2006, Abraham et al., 2007, Shigenobu et al., 2006, Kalamarz et al., 2008, Wong et al., 2005, Robertson et al., 2000, Talamillo et al., 2008, Doheny et al., 2008, Miles et al., 2008, Lee et al., 2008, Hashiyama et al., 2009, Zhou et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2010, Sánchez et al., 2010) Lwr (Apionishev and Rasooly, 1996) semi (Tanda et al., 2000, Epps, 1998.11.12, Epps and Tanda, 1998, Epps and Tanda, 1998, Tanda, 1998.3.18, Robertson et al., 2000) ubc9 (Bhaskar et al., 2002, Epps and Tanda, 1998, Takanaka and Courey, 2005, Nie et al., 2009) Ubc9 (Chiu et al., 2005, Paquette et al., 2005, Csiszar et al., 2005, Smith et al., 2004, Csiszar and Leptin, 2003, Toba and White, 2003, Smith et al., 2002, Tanda et al., 2000, Bhaskar, 1999.12.27, Hu et al., 1997, Capelson and Corces, 2006, Courey et al., 2007, Savare et al., 2005, Abed et al., 2011, Barry et al., 2011, Talamillo et al., 2008, Miles et al., 2008, Stielow et al., 2008, Kiss et al., 2005, Lipinszki et al., 2009, Hashiyama et al., 2009, Jia et al., 2002, Paddibhatla et al., 2010, Smith et al., 2011, Santiago et al., 2009) UBC9 (Ohsako, 1998.9.11, Ohsako, 1998.9.11, Joanisse, 1997.10.20, Joanisse, 1997.10.20, Kondo and Perrimon, 2011) Ubc-9 (Miles et al., 2006) Ubc 9 (Robertson et al., 2000) unnamed (Bhaskar et al., 1998)
Name Synonym	hunchback-like (Epps and Tanda, 1998) lesswright (Apionishev and Rasooly, 1997, Mukai et al., 2006, Capelson and Corces, 2006, Talamillo et al., 2007, Wu and Silverman, 2007, Simonsen et al., 2007, Stielow et al., 2008, Miles et al., 2008, Hashiyama et al., 2009, Sánchez et al., 2010) Lesswright (Apionishev and Rasooly, 1996, Talamillo et al., 2008) semushi (Tanda, 1998.3.18, Miles et al., 2008) ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9 (Joanisse, 1997.10.20) Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 9 (Joanisse et al., 1998, )
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0010523 FBgn0015755 FBgn0022761
References ( 110 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 110 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 51 ) Supplementary material  ( 7 ) Erratum  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 9 ) Abstract  ( 27 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 6 ) Conference report  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 7 )
	Abed et al., 2011, EMBO J. 30(7): 1289--1301 Degringolade, a SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase, inhibits Hairy/Groucho-mediated repression. [FBrf0213366] Barry et al., 2011, Development 138(9): 1759--1769 The Drosophila STUbL protein Degringolade limits HES functions during embryogenesis. [FBrf0213458] Kondo and Perrimon, 2011, Sci. Signal. 4(154): rs1 A Genome-Wide RNAi Screen Identifies Core Components of the G2-M DNA Damage Checkpoint. [FBrf0212700] Smith et al., 2011, J. Biol. Chem. 286(13): 11391--11400 Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation impedes transcriptional silencing by the polycomb group repressor Sex Comb on Midleg. [FBrf0214411] Paddibhatla et al., 2010, PLoS Pathog. 6(12): e1001234 Role for sumoylation in systemic inflammation and immune homeostasis in Drosophila larvae. [FBrf0212643] Sánchez et al., 2010, J. Biol. Chem. 285(33): 25841--25849 Sumoylation Modulates the Activity of Spalt-like Proteins during Wing Development in Drosophila. [FBrf0211449] Zhang et al., 2010, Genetics 184(4): 1165--1179 A genomewide RNA interference screen for modifiers of aggregates formation by mutant Huntingtin in Drosophila. [FBrf0210722] Show all research papers ...