FB2019_05, released Oct 15, 2019

Gene: Dmel\eff

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\eff
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
effete
Annotation Symbol
CG7425
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0011217
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
30 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
effete (eff) encodes a conserved class I E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that contributes to the protein ubiquitination and degradation pathway. The roles of the product of eff include female germline stem cell maintenance, eye development, apoptosis regulation and chromatin organization. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Other Summaries
Also Known As
UbcD1, E(Pc)88D, ms(3)88D, UbcD, Ubc-D1
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
88D2-88D2
Sequence location
3R:14,732,414..14,741,319 [-]
Recombination map
3-56
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (P25867)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Molecular Function (GO)
[Detailed GO annotations]
Experimental Evidence
protein binding; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity; ubiquitin protein ligase activity; ubiquitin protein ligase binding
Predictions / Assertions
ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity; ubiquitin protein ligase binding
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
E2 UBIQUITIN CONJUGATING ENZYMES -
Ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzymes accept activated ubiquitin from ubiquitin-activating (E1) enzymes via thioester bond with a conserved catalytic cysteine. E2s then interact with ubiquitin ligases (E3) to directly or indirectly ubiquitinate target proteins. E2s are characterised by a 200 amino acid ubiquitin-conjugating (UBC) domain which interacts with E1 and E3s and acts catalytically. (Adapted from PMID:1994026).
Pathway (FlyBase)
Negative Regulators of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway -
Negative regulators of hedgehog signaling down-regulation the pathway, resulting in the repression of transcription of hh-responsive genes.
Imd Signaling Pathway Core Components -
The immune deficiency (Imd) pathway primarily mediates the humoral immune response to Gram-negative bacteria. Activation of the Imd pathway by diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycan initiates a signaling cascade that ultimately results in the release of the NFκB-like factor Rel from auto-inhibition and its translocation into the nucleus to activate the transcription of antimicrobial peptides. (Adapted from FBrf0224587 and FBrf0238555.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Mediates the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins. Required for proper telomere behavior during cell divisions and possibly for ubiquitination of proteins involved in postmeiotic stages of spermatogenesis. Deletion mutations are lethal in homozygotes.
(UniProt, P25867)
Summary (Interactive Fly)
E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme - mediates anaphase-promoting complex degradation - controls germ-line stem cell maintenance by targeting Cyclin A - regulates programmed cell death and neuronal process remodeling
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\eff or the JBrowse view of Dmel\eff for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model
Gene model reviewed during 5.53
Gene model reviewed during 5.43
Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Gene model reviewed during 5.48
Gene model reviewed during 5.54
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
eff-RA
FBtr0083018
NM_169601
2084
147
eff-RB
FBtr0310554
NM_001275649
1622
147
eff-RC
FBtr0336876
NM_001275650
1913
147
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
2.1, 1.9, 1.7 (northern blot)
(Cenci et al., 1997)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
eff-PA
FBpp0082477
16.7
147
7.38
NP_731941
AAF55093
eff-PB
FBpp0302691
16.7
147
7.38
NP_001262578
AGB95959
eff-PC
FBpp0307824
16.7
147
7.38
NP_001262579
AGB95960
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

147 aa isoforms: eff-PA, eff-PB, eff-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
147 (aa); 17 (kD predicted)
(Treier et al., 1992)
Comments
eff protein can functionally replace yeast UBC4. It rescues growth defects and temperature sensitivity and restores proteolysis proficiency in ubc4 ubc5 double mutants.
(Treier et al., 1992)
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\eff using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Gene Ontology (22 terms)
Molecular Function (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:sina; FB:FBgn0003410
(Tang et al., 1997)
ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity
inferred from direct assay
(Asaoka et al., 2016, Ryoo et al., 2002)
inferred from genetic interaction with SGD:S000000286,SGD:S000002466
(Treier et al., 1992)
ubiquitin protein ligase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Herman-Bachinsky et al., 2007)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Diap1; FB:FBgn0260635
(Ryoo et al., 2002)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002514495
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000630862
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Biological Process (17 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (17 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2009)
chromosome organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cenci et al., 1997)
compound eye morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Neufeld et al., 1998)
compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Li et al., 2002)
female germ-line stem cell asymmetric division
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2009)
germ-line stem cell population maintenance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2009)
male meiotic nuclear division
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cenci et al., 1997)
mitotic cell cycle
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Cenci et al., 1997)
negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Pan et al., 2017)
neuron remodeling
inferred from direct assay
(Kuo et al., 2006)
peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2017, Paquette et al., 2010)
protein linear polyubiquitination
inferred from direct assay
(Asaoka et al., 2016)
protein polyubiquitination
inferred from direct assay
(Herman-Bachinsky et al., 2007)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yeh and Bratton, 2013)
protein ubiquitination
inferred from direct assay
(Chen et al., 2009)
regulation of protein stability
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2009)
regulation of R7 cell differentiation
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:sina; FB:FBgn0003410
(Li et al., 2002)
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ryoo et al., 2002)
inferred from genetic interaction with SGD:S000000286,SGD:S000002466
(Treier et al., 1992)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
protein ubiquitination
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000000286
(Treier et al., 1992)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000002466
(Treier et al., 1992)
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000631055
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
ubiquitin ligase complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000630862
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage -- adult stage
(Cenci et al., 1997)
cleavage stage
organism
(Cenci et al., 1997)
adult stage | male
(Cenci et al., 1997)
Additional Descriptive Data
The 2.1kb eff transcript is male-germ-line specific and initiates upstream of the shorter transcripts.
(Cenci et al., 1997)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\eff in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 65 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 12 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of eff
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of eff
Deletions and Duplications ( 6 )
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
lethal (with Df(3R)ry506-85C)
lethal (with effmer1)
lethal (with effmer4)
lethal (with effs1782)
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
partially lethal, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
partially lethal (with effD73)
partially lethal (with effD112)
partially lethal - majority die
partially lethal - majority die | recessive
viable
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
female fertile
female fertile, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG
female sterile
fertile
male sterile
male sterile (with eff8)
male sterile (with effmer1)
male sterile (with effmer4)
male sterile | recessive
Other Phenotypes
Allele
decreased occurrence of cell division | somatic clone
meiotic cell cycle defective
meiotic cell cycle defective | recessive
mitotic cell cycle defective | recessive
neuroanatomy defective
neuroanatomy defective | larval stage
neuroanatomy defective | somatic clone
short lived | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4HCH.Hand
short lived | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
some die during embryonic stage | recessive
some die during larval stage, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
some die during larval stage | recessive
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
some die during pupal stage | recessive
visible (with effD73)
visible (with effD112)
visible | dominant
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult heart, with Scer\GAL4HCH.Hand
dendrite
egg chamber & cell
egg chamber & mitotic cell cycle
eye | somatic clone
eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone
female germline stem cell (with eff8)
female germline stem cell (with effmer1)
female germline stem cell (with effmer4)
female germline stem cell (with effs1782)
female germline stem cell | germline clone
ganglion mother cell | larval stage
germarium
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC
macrochaeta
macrochaeta | ectopic (with effD73)
macrochaeta | ectopic (with effD112)
meiosis & chromosome, telomeric region | male
meiosis & nuclear chromosome | male
mesothoracic leg
mitosis & chromosome, telomeric region
neuroblast | somatic clone
neuron
nuclear chromosome
nurse cell & nucleus
nurse cell fusome
pigment cell | somatic clone
sex comb | ectopic
testis
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Homo sapiens (Human) (10)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\UBE2D3
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\UBE2D2
12 of 15
No
Yes
 
Hsap\UBE2D4
9 of 15
No
Yes
 
Hsap\UBE2D1
8 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\UBE2E1
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\UBE2E2
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\UBE2E3
2 of 15
No
No
 
Hsap\UBE2N
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\UBE2NL
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\UBE2T
1 of 15
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (11)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Ube2d2a
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Ube2d3
10 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Ube2d1
7 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Ube2d2b
6 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Ube2dnl1
5 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Ube2dnl2
4 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Ube2e1
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ube2e2
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ube2e3
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ube2n
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ube2t
1 of 15
No
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (7)
Rnor\Ube2d3
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Ube2d1
7 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Ube2d4
7 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Ube2d2
5 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Ube2e1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ube2e3
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ube2t
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (7)
Xtro\ube2d3
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ube2d1
7 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\ube2d4
6 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\ube2e3
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ube2e1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ube2e2
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ube2n
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (12)
Drer\ube2d3
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\ube2d2
9 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ube2d4
9 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ube2d1b
8 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ube2d1a
7 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ube2d2l
6 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ube2e2
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\ube2e3
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\ube2e1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ube2na
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ube2nb
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ube2t
1 of 15
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (4)
Cele\let-70
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\F52C6.12
4 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\ubc-13
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\uev-3
1 of 15
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (9)
Atha\UBC8
7 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\UBC9
7 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\UBC10
7 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\UBC11
7 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\UBC28
7 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\UBC29
7 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\UBC30
7 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\UBC12
2 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\FUS9
1 of 9
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (4)
Scer\UBC4
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Scer\UBC5
12 of 15
No
Yes
Scer\PEX4
1 of 15
No
Yes
Scer\UBC13
1 of 15
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\ubc4
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09190HDH )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly
Dmel\eff
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD20402
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM25828
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG21088
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\eff
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF18131
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA26693
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL23670
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK11688
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ22971
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI10619
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH14086
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09150C03 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17012343
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY009942
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_00722
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes011804
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL003103
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC000659
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP000145
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W0IP9 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA010541
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA002918
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS200166-PA
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS200498-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL005107
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL006881
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2368864788
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\3369110196
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\LOC724793
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\UbcD2
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP10401
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP15298
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15208574
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15215993
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH13622
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH22371
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:00160a
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:00190e
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG007707
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG010264
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_01946
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_02422
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\eff
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC012100
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM437950
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM570280
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC005317
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC012234
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC001726
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC006604
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI003002
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI000078
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_08928
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_11733
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0DVW )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR008921
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW018551
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW020158
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM60987.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM77107.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur348g00010
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur07g03260
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur11g02420
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_120690
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_230542
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0GF8 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ube2e
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\SPU_008618gn
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\SPU_006199gn
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\SPU_009521gn
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ubc
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ube1
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\SPU_027607gn
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100183458
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100185831
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC104266887
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100175624
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100185453
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\UBE2E1
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\UBE2D1
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\UBE2E3
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\UBE2D3
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v7.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (22)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
CG2574
4 of 10
CG5440
4 of 10
Ubc2
4 of 10
CG10862
3 of 10
morgue
3 of 10
ben
2 of 10
CG3473
2 of 10
CG7220
2 of 10
CG17030
2 of 10
Ubc10
2 of 10
Ubc84D
2 of 10
CG2924
1 of 10
CG4502
1 of 10
CG5823
1 of 10
CG8188
1 of 10
CG10254
1 of 10
CG14739
1 of 10
Ubc4
1 of 10
UbcE2H
1 of 10
UbcE2M
1 of 10
Uev1A
1 of 10
vih
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
    Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
     
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    UBE2D3; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 D3
    13 of 15
    602963
        UBE2D2; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 D2
        12 of 15
        602962
             
            UBE2D4; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 D4 (putative)
            9 of 15
                 
                UBE2D1; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 D1
                8 of 15
                602961
                    Functional Complementation Data
                    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                    Interactions
                    Summary of Physical Interactions
                    esyN Network Diagram
                    Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                    Select Layout:
                    Legend:
                    Protein
                    RNA
                    Selected Interactor(s)
                    Interactions Browser
                    View in Interactions Browser
                    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                    protein-protein
                    Physical Interaction
                    Assay
                    References
                    eff - Diap1
                    pull down, autoradiography
                    (Ryoo et al., 2002)
                    eff - Iru
                    two hybrid
                    (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                    eff - LUBEL
                    enzymatic study, western blot
                    (Asaoka et al., 2016)
                    eff - ci
                    enzymatic study, western blot
                    (Pan et al., 2017)
                    eff - mr
                    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, western blot
                    (Chen et al., 2009)
                    eff - sina
                    two hybrid
                    (Tang et al., 1997)
                    eff - sinah
                    two hybrid
                    (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                    Summary of Genetic Interactions
                    esyN Network Diagram
                    esyN Network Key:
                    Suppression
                    Enhancement
                    View in Interactions Browser
                    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                    Starting gene(s)
                    Interaction type
                    Interacting gene(s)
                    Reference
                    eff
                    suppressible
                    CycA
                    (Lilly et al., 2000)
                    eff
                    enhanceable
                    CycA
                    (Chen et al., 2009)
                    eff
                    enhanceable
                    mr
                    (Chen et al., 2009)
                    eff
                    enhanceable
                    Ube3a
                    (Lu et al., 2009)
                    Starting gene(s)
                    Interaction type
                    Interacting gene(s)
                    Reference
                    bchs
                    enhanceable
                    eff
                    (Simonsen et al., 2007)
                    Dcp-1
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Kim et al., 2010)
                    Diap1
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Ryoo et al., 2002)
                    Dronc
                    enhanceable
                    eff
                    (Ryoo et al., 2002)
                    E2f1
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Ji et al., 2012)
                    elfless
                    enhanceable
                    eff
                    (Caldwell et al., 2008)
                    enc
                    enhanceable
                    eff
                    (Ohlmeyer and Schupbach, 2003)
                    faf
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Chen et al., 2000, Wu et al., 1999)
                    faf|lqf
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Cadavid et al., 2000)
                    fzr
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Neuert et al., 2017)
                    hid
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Ryoo et al., 2002)
                    Iswi
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Arancio et al., 2010)
                    neur
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Lai et al., 2001)
                    Pc
                    enhanceable
                    eff
                    (Fauvarque et al., 2001, Fauvarque and Dura, 1993)
                    ph-p
                    enhanceable
                    eff
                    (Fauvarque et al., 2001, Fauvarque and Dura, 1993)
                    ph-p|Pc
                    enhanceable
                    eff
                    (Fauvarque and Dura, 1993)
                    rpr
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Ryoo et al., 2002)
                    sina
                    suppressible
                    eff
                    (Neufeld et al., 1998)
                    Ube3a
                    enhanceable
                    eff
                    (Lu et al., 2009)
                    External Data
                    Linkouts
                    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                    InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                    Pathways
                    Gene Group - Pathway Membership (FlyBase)
                    Negative Regulators of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway -
                    Negative regulators of hedgehog signaling down-regulation the pathway, resulting in the repression of transcription of hh-responsive genes.
                    Imd Signaling Pathway Core Components -
                    The immune deficiency (Imd) pathway primarily mediates the humoral immune response to Gram-negative bacteria. Activation of the Imd pathway by diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycan initiates a signaling cascade that ultimately results in the release of the NFκB-like factor Rel from auto-inhibition and its translocation into the nucleus to activate the transcription of antimicrobial peptides. (Adapted from FBrf0224587 and FBrf0238555.)
                    External Data
                    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                    Chromosome (arm)
                    3R
                    Recombination map
                    3-56
                    Cytogenetic map
                    88D2-88D2
                    Sequence location
                    3R:14,732,414..14,741,319 [-]
                    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                    Cytogenetic map
                    Evidence for location
                    88D2-88D2
                    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG33967EP666 and P{lacW}Hsc70-4L3929
                    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                    Cytogenetic map
                    Notes
                    References
                    88D5-88D6
                    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                    (Spradling et al., 1999)
                    88D-88D
                    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                    (Cenci et al., 1997, Matuschewski et al., 1996, Fauvarque and Dura, 1993, Treier et al., 1992)
                    88D1-88D10
                    (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
                    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                    Location
                    3-56
                    (FlyBase, 2016)
                    3-54.5
                    (Comeron et al., 2012)
                    3-
                    (Neufeld et al., 1998)
                    Left of (cM)
                    Right of (cM)
                    Notes
                    Stocks and Reagents
                    Stocks (30)
                    Genomic Clones (20)
                    cDNA Clones (196)
                     

                    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                    cDNA clones, fully sequences
                    BDGP DGC clones
                    Other clones
                      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                      BDGP DGC clones
                      Other clones
                      RNAi and Array Information
                      Linkouts
                      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                      GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                      Antibody Information
                      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                       
                      polyclonal
                      (Pan et al., 2017, Cipressa et al., 2013)
                      monoclonal
                      (Chen et al., 2009)
                      Commercially Available Antibodies
                       
                      Other Information
                      Relationship to Other Genes
                      Source for database identify of
                      Source for identity of: eff CG7425
                      (Zheng, 1999.11)
                      Source for database merge of
                      Source for merge of: eff mei68
                      (Gatti, 1998.8.3)
                      Source for merge of: eff E(Pc)88D
                      (Fauvarque et al., 2001)
                      Source for merge of: eff anon-WO0118547.343
                      (FlyBase, 1996-)
                      Additional comments
                      Source for merge of eff anon-WO0118547.343 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).
                      (FlyBase, 1996-)
                      Other Comments
                      DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for eff protein in Kc167 cells; see Chromatin_types_NKI collection report. Individual protein-binding experiments listed under "Samples" at GEO_GSE22069 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE22069).
                      (Filion et al., 2010)
                      Area matching Drosophila EST AI297203. This EST forms a 1122bp contig with AI455195 and AA438815.
                      (Davies, 2001.3.15)
                      Identification: Enhancer trap expression pattern survey for loci expressed in the ring gland.
                      (Harvie et al., 1998)
                      14 "SS3-3" alleles of eff have been isolated in a screen for dominant modifiers of the sinaGMR.PN eye phenotype.
                      (Neufeld et al., 1998)
                      eff encodes a class I ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme required for proper telomere behaviour.
                      (Cenci et al., 1997)
                      An eff cDNA has been cloned.
                      (Matuschewski et al., 1996)
                      Mutants affect telomere behavior during mitosis and male meiosis. Some form of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis must occur in wild type cells to resolve the adhesion of telomeres prior to chromosome separation.
                      (Cenci et al., 1995)
                      Postmeiotic differentiation defect.
                      (Castrillon et al., 1993)
                      Isolated by PCR using primers specific for yeast UBC1, UBC4, UBC5 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme subfamily.
                      (Treier et al., 1992)
                      eff has been cloned and functionally analysed.
                      (Treier et al., 1992)
                      Origin and Etymology
                      Discoverer
                      Etymology
                      Named 'UbcD1' for 'ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme from Drosophila 1 (the numbering reflects the order of identification).
                      (Matuschewski et al., 1996)
                      Named 'UbcD1' for 'ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme from Drosophila melanogaster 1'. (The numbering reflects the order of gene identification and does NOT follow the numbering of yeast UBC genes).
                      (Treier et al., 1992)
                      Identification
                      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 101 )
                      Sequence Crossreferences
                      NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                      GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                      GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                      RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                      UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                      UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                      Other crossreferences
                      BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                      Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                      Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                      Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                      GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                      InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                      KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                      KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
                      modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                      SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
                      Linkouts
                      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                      FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
                      FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                      FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                      Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                      InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                      KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
                      MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (37)
                      Reported As
                      Symbol Synonym
                      3527
                      (Harvie et al., 1998)
                      6535
                      (Harvie et al., 1998)
                      CG7425
                      (Neuert et al., 2017, Hosono et al., 2015, Roussel et al., 2013, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ying et al., 2011, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Hughes et al., 2008, Grieder et al., 2007, Molnar et al., 2006, Norga et al., 2003)
                      E(Pc)88D
                      (Mollaaghababa et al., 2001, Fauvarque and Dura, 1993)
                      E2
                      (Bergmann, 2010)
                      EFF
                      (Filion et al., 2010)
                      Eff
                      (Cipressa et al., 2016, Kleino and Silverman, 2014, Raffa et al., 2013, Ying et al., 2011, Paquette et al., 2010)
                      SS3-3
                      (Neufeld et al., 1998)
                      UBC4
                      (Neely et al., 2010, Oh et al., 1994)
                      UBCD-1
                      (Brachmann and Cagan, 2003)
                      UBCD1
                      (Bergmann, 2010, Danial and Korsmeyer, 2004, Ou et al., 2003, Palaga and Osborne, 2002, Philp, 1998)
                      Ubc-D1
                      (Lilly et al., 1997, Tang et al., 1997)
                      Ubc5
                      (Chen et al., 2017)
                      UbcD
                      (Kim et al., 2010, Lai et al., 2001)
                      UbcD1
                      (Pan et al., 2017, Asaoka et al., 2016, Hans et al., 2014, Raffa et al., 2013, Velentzas et al., 2013, Yeh and Bratton, 2013, Raffa et al., 2011, Sandu et al., 2010, Michelle et al., 2009, Xu et al., 2009, Doheny et al., 2008, Herman-Bachinsky et al., 2007, Kuranaga and Miura, 2007, Rathke et al., 2007, Cenci et al., 2005, Brumby et al., 2004, Cenci et al., 2004, D'Amours and Amon, 2004, Biessmann and Mason, 2003, Cenci et al., 2003, Claveria and Torres, 2003, Shulman and Feany, 2003, Gozani et al., 2002, Li et al., 2002, Zoghbi and Botas, 2002, Bocca et al., 2001, Deng and Lin, 2001, Kramer, 2001, Lai et al., 2001, Lai et al., 2001, Muzzopappa et al., 2001, Cadavid et al., 2000, Carthew and Xu, 2000, Cenci et al., 2000, Chen et al., 2000, Fernandez-Funez et al., 2000, Gonzalez and Bornens, 2000, Lilly et al., 2000, Raabe, 2000, Robertson et al., 2000, Thomas and Wassarman, 1999, Wu et al., 1999, Cenci et al., 1998, Gatti, 1998.8.3, Neufeld et al., 1998, Anonymous, 1997, Cenci et al., 1997, Cenci et al., 1997, Hawley, 1997, Matuschewski et al., 1996, Rawson, 1996.8.28, Treier et al., 1992)
                      UbcH5
                      (Tsou et al., 2015)
                      anon-WO0118547.343
                      eff
                      (Meltzer et al., 2019, Parey and Crombach, 2019, Hu et al., 2017.6.13, Nagarkar-Jaiswal et al., 2017, Neuert et al., 2017, Cenci et al., 2015, Myllymäki et al., 2014, Nybakken, 2014.6.10, Cipressa et al., 2013, Czech et al., 2013, Raffa et al., 2013, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Ji et al., 2012, Takahashi et al., 2012, van der Harst et al., 2012, Du et al., 2011, Franco et al., 2011, Neumüller et al., 2011, Sameny and Locke, 2011, Wang and Pai, 2011, Arancio et al., 2010, Kim et al., 2010, Chen et al., 2009, Cook et al., 2009.11.9, Lu et al., 2009, Parks and Muskavitch, 2009.2.2, Branco et al., 2008, Cook et al., 2008.12.28, Musarò et al., 2008, Buszczak et al., 2007, Grieder et al., 2007, Rathke et al., 2007, Molnar et al., 2006, Mukai et al., 2006, Robertson et al., 2000)
                      effete
                      (Tsou et al., 2015, Staudt et al., 2005)
                      fs(3)01295
                      (Lilly and Spradling, 1996)
                      l(3)01462
                      l(3)j2C8
                      l(3)s1782
                      mei68
                      ms(3)01295
                      ms(3)1
                      ms(3)3
                      ms(3)88D
                      (Castrillon et al., 1993, Berg and Spradling, 1991)
                      ms(3)neo2
                      ms(3)ry1
                      (Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.9.14)
                      ms(3)ry3
                      (Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center, 1998.9.14)
                      ubcD1
                      (Rumpf et al., 2014, Caldwell et al., 2008, Caldwell and Eberl, 2007, Kuo et al., 2006, Yoo, 2005, Bergmann et al., 2003, Martin, 2002, Ryoo et al., 2002, Ryoo et al., 2002)
                      Name Synonyms
                      Effete
                      (Asaoka et al., 2016, Raffa et al., 2013, Vandenabeele and Bertrand, 2012, Valanne et al., 2011, Chen et al., 2009, Ditzel et al., 2008, Hossain et al., 2008, Nybakken et al., 2005)
                      Suppressor of GMR-sina 3-3
                      (Neufeld et al., 1998)
                      Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 1
                      (Matuschewski et al., 1996)
                      effete
                      (Park et al., 2016, Kim et al., 2010, Paquette et al., 2010, Hoopfer et al., 2008, Musarò et al., 2008, Simonsen et al., 2007, Kuo et al., 2006, Mukai et al., 2006, Birch-Machin et al., 2005, Staudt et al., 2005)
                      effette
                      (Rathke et al., 2007)
                      meiotic 68
                      Secondary FlyBase IDs
                      • FBgn0004831
                      • FBgn0011011
                      • FBgn0011333
                      • FBgn0011657
                      • FBgn0013661
                      • FBgn0013663
                      • FBgn0013935
                      • FBgn0062081
                      Datasets (1)
                      Study focus (1)
                      Experimental Role
                      Project
                      Project Type
                      Title
                      • transgene_used
                      FBGSE22069
                      Protein profiling reveals five principal chromatin types in Drosophila cells.
                      References (195)