Gene Dmel\HLH4C

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\HLH4C for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Comments on Gene Model

gene_with_stop_codon_read_through ; SO:0000697

Stop-codon suppression (UGA) postulated; FBrf0216884.

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

HLH4C-RA

FBtr0070691

NM_057641

1424

167

HLH4C-RB

FBtr0331163

NM_001272314

1424

191

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

1.5 (northern blot)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

HLH4C-PA

FBpp0070659

19.0

167

9.63

NP_476989

AAF45967

HLH4C-PB

FBpp0303590

21.4

191

8.80

NP_001259243

AGB95089

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kDa)

162 (aa); 18 (kD predicted)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain (IPR011598)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

Mapped Features

Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details.

Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports.

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Crossreferences

Expression Data

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

ventral nerve cord primordium

central brain primordium

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic brain

embryonic central brain pars intercerebralis

ventral nerve cord

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

neuron

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system | restricted

Additional Descriptive Data

HLH4C transcripts are detected in embryos on northern blots. They are detected by in situ hybridization from stage 12 on in mature neurons of the CNS.

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)

CV term

(The modENCODE Consortium, 2010)

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data

(FlyAtlas-RNA.adult)

(FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Back-to-back
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High level expression bin max
	Very high expression bin max

Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Little or no expression detected in any larval or adult organs/tissues.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors
	No expression (0 - 9.999)
	Low expression (10 - 99.999)
	Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)
	High level expression (500 - 999.999)
	Very high expression (>999.999)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		73.4
Larval Midgut		6.7
Larval Hindgut		4.4
Larval Malpighian Tubules		5.7
Larval Fat Body		3.5
Larval Salivary Gland		5.8
Larval Trachea		4.075
Larval Carcass		3.975
Adult Head		7.3
Adult Eye		4.425
Adult Brain		22.2
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		59.6
Adult Crop		5.5
Adult Midgut		7.1
Adult Hindgut		4.8
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6.8
Adult Fat Body		17.5
Adult Salivary Gland		7
Adult Heart		3.95
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		8.8
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		8.4
Adult Ovary		2.1
Adult Testis		2.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.9
Adult Carcass		5.4
Expression Level Scale		None Low

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		73.4
Larval Midgut		6.7
Larval Hindgut		4.4
Larval Malpighian Tubules		5.7
Larval Fat Body		3.5
Larval Salivary Gland		5.8
Larval Trachea		4.075
Larval Carcass		3.975
Adult Head		7.3
Adult Eye		4.425
Adult Brain		22.2
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		59.6
Adult Crop		5.5
Adult Midgut		7.1
Adult Hindgut		4.8
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6.8
Adult Fat Body		17.5
Adult Salivary Gland		7
Adult Heart		3.95
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		8.8
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		8.4
Adult Ovary		2.1
Adult Testis		2.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.9
Adult Carcass		5.4
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High

Linear, scaled to High level expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		73.4
Larval Midgut		6.7
Larval Hindgut		4.4
Larval Malpighian Tubules		5.7
Larval Fat Body		3.5
Larval Salivary Gland		5.8
Larval Trachea		4.075
Larval Carcass		3.975
Adult Head		7.3
Adult Eye		4.425
Adult Brain		22.2
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		59.6
Adult Crop		5.5
Adult Midgut		7.1
Adult Hindgut		4.8
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6.8
Adult Fat Body		17.5
Adult Salivary Gland		7
Adult Heart		3.95
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		8.8
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		8.4
Adult Ovary		2.1
Adult Testis		2.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.9
Adult Carcass		5.4
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Linear, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		73.4
Larval Midgut		6.7
Larval Hindgut		4.4
Larval Malpighian Tubules		5.7
Larval Fat Body		3.5
Larval Salivary Gland		5.8
Larval Trachea		4.075
Larval Carcass		3.975
Adult Head		7.3
Adult Eye		4.425
Adult Brain		22.2
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		59.6
Adult Crop		5.5
Adult Midgut		7.1
Adult Hindgut		4.8
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6.8
Adult Fat Body		17.5
Adult Salivary Gland		7
Adult Heart		3.95
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		8.8
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		8.4
Adult Ovary		2.1
Adult Testis		2.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.9
Adult Carcass		5.4
Expression Level Scale		Very high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		73.4
Larval Midgut		6.7
Larval Hindgut		4.4
Larval Malpighian Tubules		5.7
Larval Fat Body		3.5
Larval Salivary Gland		5.8
Larval Trachea		4.075
Larval Carcass		3.975
Adult Head		7.3
Adult Eye		4.425
Adult Brain		22.2
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		59.6
Adult Crop		5.5
Adult Midgut		7.1
Adult Hindgut		4.8
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6.8
Adult Fat Body		17.5
Adult Salivary Gland		7
Adult Heart		3.95
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		8.8
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		8.4
Adult Ovary		2.1
Adult Testis		2.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.9
Adult Carcass		5.4
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		73.4
Larval Midgut		6.7
Larval Hindgut		4.4
Larval Malpighian Tubules		5.7
Larval Fat Body		3.5
Larval Salivary Gland		5.8
Larval Trachea		4.075
Larval Carcass		3.975
Adult Head		7.3
Adult Eye		4.425
Adult Brain		22.2
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		59.6
Adult Crop		5.5
Adult Midgut		7.1
Adult Hindgut		4.8
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6.8
Adult Fat Body		17.5
Adult Salivary Gland		7
Adult Heart		3.95
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		8.8
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		8.4
Adult Ovary		2.1
Adult Testis		2.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.9
Adult Carcass		5.4
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High

log, scaled to High level expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		73.4
Larval Midgut		6.7
Larval Hindgut		4.4
Larval Malpighian Tubules		5.7
Larval Fat Body		3.5
Larval Salivary Gland		5.8
Larval Trachea		4.075
Larval Carcass		3.975
Adult Head		7.3
Adult Eye		4.425
Adult Brain		22.2
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		59.6
Adult Crop		5.5
Adult Midgut		7.1
Adult Hindgut		4.8
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6.8
Adult Fat Body		17.5
Adult Salivary Gland		7
Adult Heart		3.95
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		8.8
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		8.4
Adult Ovary		2.1
Adult Testis		2.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.9
Adult Carcass		5.4
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

log, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		73.4
Larval Midgut		6.7
Larval Hindgut		4.4
Larval Malpighian Tubules		5.7
Larval Fat Body		3.5
Larval Salivary Gland		5.8
Larval Trachea		4.075
Larval Carcass		3.975
Adult Head		7.3
Adult Eye		4.425
Adult Brain		22.2
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		59.6
Adult Crop		5.5
Adult Midgut		7.1
Adult Hindgut		4.8
Adult Malpighian Tubules		6.8
Adult Fat Body		17.5
Adult Salivary Gland		7
Adult Heart		3.95
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		8.8
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		8.4
Adult Ovary		2.1
Adult Testis		2.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland		5.9
Adult Carcass		5.4
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
Larval Midgut
Larval Hindgut
Larval Malpighian Tubules
Larval Fat Body
Larval Salivary Gland
Larval Trachea
Larval Carcass
Adult Head
Adult Eye
Adult Brain
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
Adult Crop
Adult Midgut
Adult Hindgut
Adult Malpighian Tubules
Adult Fat Body
Adult Salivary Gland
Adult Heart
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
Adult Ovary
Adult Testis
Adult Male Accessory Gland
Adult Carcass

FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult
Larval Expression Level	Tissue	Adult Expression Level
NA	Head	7.3
NA	Eye	4.425
NA	Brain	22.2
73.4	Central Nervous System	NA
NA	Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion	59.6
NA	Crop	5.5
6.7	Midgut	7.1
4.4	Hindgut	4.8
5.7	Malpighian Tubules	6.8
3.5	Fat Body	17.5
5.8	Salivary Gland	7
NA	Heart	3.95
4.075	Trachea	NA
NA	VirginFemale Spermatheca	8.8
NA	InseminatedFemale Spermatheca	8.4
NA	Ovary	2.1
NA	Testis	2.1
NA	Male Accessory Gland	5.9
3.975	Carcass	5.4

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)

modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq

modENCODE Tissue Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		0
central nervous system, larvae L3		2
central nervous system, pupae P8		2
head, virgin 1-day female		0
head, virgin 4-day female		1
head, virgin 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day female		0
head, mated 4-day female		0
head, mated 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day male		0
head, mated 4-day male		0
head, mated 20-day male		0
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		0
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		0
fat body, pupae P8		0
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		0
carcass, 1-day adult		0
carcass, 4-day adult		0
carcass, 20-day adult		0
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		0
central nervous system, larvae L3		2
central nervous system, pupae P8		2
head, virgin 1-day female		0
head, virgin 4-day female		1
head, virgin 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day female		0
head, mated 4-day female		0
head, mated 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day male		0
head, mated 4-day male		0
head, mated 20-day male		0
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		0
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		0
fat body, pupae P8		0
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		0
carcass, 1-day adult		0
carcass, 4-day adult		0
carcass, 20-day adult		0
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		0
central nervous system, larvae L3		2
central nervous system, pupae P8		2
head, virgin 1-day female		0
head, virgin 4-day female		1
head, virgin 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day female		0
head, mated 4-day female		0
head, mated 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day male		0
head, mated 4-day male		0
head, mated 20-day male		0
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		0
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		0
fat body, pupae P8		0
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		0
carcass, 1-day adult		0
carcass, 4-day adult		0
carcass, 20-day adult		0
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		0
central nervous system, larvae L3		2
central nervous system, pupae P8		2
head, virgin 1-day female		0
head, virgin 4-day female		1
head, virgin 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day female		0
head, mated 4-day female		0
head, mated 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day male		0
head, mated 4-day male		0
head, mated 20-day male		0
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		0
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		0
fat body, pupae P8		0
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		0
carcass, 1-day adult		0
carcass, 4-day adult		0
carcass, 20-day adult		0
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		0
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		0
central nervous system, larvae L3		2
central nervous system, pupae P8		2
head, virgin 1-day female		0
head, virgin 4-day female		1
head, virgin 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day female		0
head, mated 4-day female		0
head, mated 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day male		0
head, mated 4-day male		0
head, mated 20-day male		0
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		0
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		0
fat body, pupae P8		0
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		0
carcass, 1-day adult		0
carcass, 4-day adult		0
carcass, 20-day adult		0
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		0
central nervous system, larvae L3		2
central nervous system, pupae P8		2
head, virgin 1-day female		0
head, virgin 4-day female		1
head, virgin 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day female		0
head, mated 4-day female		0
head, mated 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day male		0
head, mated 4-day male		0
head, mated 20-day male		0
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		0
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		0
fat body, pupae P8		0
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		0
carcass, 1-day adult		0
carcass, 4-day adult		0
carcass, 20-day adult		0
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		0
central nervous system, larvae L3		2
central nervous system, pupae P8		2
head, virgin 1-day female		0
head, virgin 4-day female		1
head, virgin 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day female		0
head, mated 4-day female		0
head, mated 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day male		0
head, mated 4-day male		0
head, mated 20-day male		0
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		0
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		0
fat body, pupae P8		0
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		0
carcass, 1-day adult		0
carcass, 4-day adult		0
carcass, 20-day adult		0
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		0
central nervous system, larvae L3		2
central nervous system, pupae P8		2
head, virgin 1-day female		0
head, virgin 4-day female		1
head, virgin 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day female		0
head, mated 4-day female		0
head, mated 20-day female		0
head, mated 1-day male		0
head, mated 4-day male		0
head, mated 20-day male		0
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		0
digestive system, 1-day adult		0
digestive system, 4-day adult		0
digestive system, 20-day adult		0
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		0
fat body, white prepupae		0
fat body, pupae P8		0
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		0
carcass, 1-day adult		0
carcass, 4-day adult		0
carcass, 20-day adult		0
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		0
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
central nervous system, larvae L3
central nervous system, pupae P8
head, virgin 1-day female
head, virgin 4-day female
head, virgin 20-day female
head, mated 1-day female
head, mated 4-day female
head, mated 20-day female
head, mated 1-day male
head, mated 4-day male
head, mated 20-day male
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
salivary gland, white prepupae
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
digestive system, 1-day adult
digestive system, 4-day adult
digestive system, 20-day adult
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
fat body, white prepupae
fat body, pupae P8
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
carcass, 1-day adult
carcass, 4-day adult
carcass, 20-day adult
ovary, virgin 4-day female
ovary, mated 4-day female
testis, mated 4-day male
accessory gland, mated 4-day male

modENCODE Development RNA-Seq

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of low expression to a trough of no expression detected. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, during early pupal stages.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		2
embryo 12-14hr		2
embryo 14-16hr		2
embryo 16-18hr		1
embryo 18-20hr		1
embryo 20-22hr		1
embryo 22-24hr		1
larva L1		1
larva L2		0
larva L3 12hr old		0
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		0
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		0
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		0
white prepupae new		0
white prepupae 12hr		3
white prepupae 24hr		2
pupae 2d postWPP		1
pupae 3d postWPP		1
pupae 4d postWPP		0
adult male 01day		0
adult male 05day		0
adult male 30day		0
adult female 01day		0
adult female 05day		0
adult female 30day		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		2
embryo 12-14hr		2
embryo 14-16hr		2
embryo 16-18hr		1
embryo 18-20hr		1
embryo 20-22hr		1
embryo 22-24hr		1
larva L1		1
larva L2		0
larva L3 12hr old		0
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		0
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		0
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		0
white prepupae new		0
white prepupae 12hr		3
white prepupae 24hr		2
pupae 2d postWPP		1
pupae 3d postWPP		1
pupae 4d postWPP		0
adult male 01day		0
adult male 05day		0
adult male 30day		0
adult female 01day		0
adult female 05day		0
adult female 30day		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		2
embryo 12-14hr		2
embryo 14-16hr		2
embryo 16-18hr		1
embryo 18-20hr		1
embryo 20-22hr		1
embryo 22-24hr		1
larva L1		1
larva L2		0
larva L3 12hr old		0
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		0
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		0
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		0
white prepupae new		0
white prepupae 12hr		3
white prepupae 24hr		2
pupae 2d postWPP		1
pupae 3d postWPP		1
pupae 4d postWPP		0
adult male 01day		0
adult male 05day		0
adult male 30day		0
adult female 01day		0
adult female 05day		0
adult female 30day		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		2
embryo 12-14hr		2
embryo 14-16hr		2
embryo 16-18hr		1
embryo 18-20hr		1
embryo 20-22hr		1
embryo 22-24hr		1
larva L1		1
larva L2		0
larva L3 12hr old		0
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		0
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		0
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		0
white prepupae new		0
white prepupae 12hr		3
white prepupae 24hr		2
pupae 2d postWPP		1
pupae 3d postWPP		1
pupae 4d postWPP		0
adult male 01day		0
adult male 05day		0
adult male 30day		0
adult female 01day		0
adult female 05day		0
adult female 30day		0
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		2
embryo 12-14hr		2
embryo 14-16hr		2
embryo 16-18hr		1
embryo 18-20hr		1
embryo 20-22hr		1
embryo 22-24hr		1
larva L1		1
larva L2		0
larva L3 12hr old		0
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		0
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		0
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		0
white prepupae new		0
white prepupae 12hr		3
white prepupae 24hr		2
pupae 2d postWPP		1
pupae 3d postWPP		1
pupae 4d postWPP		0
adult male 01day		0
adult male 05day		0
adult male 30day		0
adult female 01day		0
adult female 05day		0
adult female 30day		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		2
embryo 12-14hr		2
embryo 14-16hr		2
embryo 16-18hr		1
embryo 18-20hr		1
embryo 20-22hr		1
embryo 22-24hr		1
larva L1		1
larva L2		0
larva L3 12hr old		0
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		0
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		0
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		0
white prepupae new		0
white prepupae 12hr		3
white prepupae 24hr		2
pupae 2d postWPP		1
pupae 3d postWPP		1
pupae 4d postWPP		0
adult male 01day		0
adult male 05day		0
adult male 30day		0
adult female 01day		0
adult female 05day		0
adult female 30day		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		2
embryo 12-14hr		2
embryo 14-16hr		2
embryo 16-18hr		1
embryo 18-20hr		1
embryo 20-22hr		1
embryo 22-24hr		1
larva L1		1
larva L2		0
larva L3 12hr old		0
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		0
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		0
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		0
white prepupae new		0
white prepupae 12hr		3
white prepupae 24hr		2
pupae 2d postWPP		1
pupae 3d postWPP		1
pupae 4d postWPP		0
adult male 01day		0
adult male 05day		0
adult male 30day		0
adult female 01day		0
adult female 05day		0
adult female 30day		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		0
embryo 10-12hr		2
embryo 12-14hr		2
embryo 14-16hr		2
embryo 16-18hr		1
embryo 18-20hr		1
embryo 20-22hr		1
embryo 22-24hr		1
larva L1		1
larva L2		0
larva L3 12hr old		0
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		0
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		0
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		0
white prepupae new		0
white prepupae 12hr		3
white prepupae 24hr		2
pupae 2d postWPP		1
pupae 3d postWPP		1
pupae 4d postWPP		0
adult male 01day		0
adult male 05day		0
adult male 30day		0
adult female 01day		0
adult female 05day		0
adult female 30day		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
embryo 02-04hr
embryo 04-06hr
embryo 06-08hr
embryo 08-10hr
embryo 10-12hr
embryo 12-14hr
embryo 14-16hr
embryo 16-18hr
embryo 18-20hr
embryo 20-22hr
embryo 22-24hr
larva L1
larva L2
larva L3 12hr old
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
white prepupae new
white prepupae 12hr
white prepupae 24hr
pupae 2d postWPP
pupae 3d postWPP
pupae 4d postWPP
adult male 01day
adult male 05day
adult male 30day
adult female 01day
adult female 05day
adult female 30day

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)

modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq

modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq

Expression Clusters

A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development.

mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_29

External Data & Images

BDGP expression data

•

IP01307

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0011277

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

CG3052-RA

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Lethality

Allele

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

HLH4C^GD4357

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

Classical Alleles ( 1 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of HLH4C	Class	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
HLH4C^G351		P-element activity	1	--

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of HLH4C	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
HLH4C^GD4357	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
HLH4C^JF01998	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
HLH4C^KK108583	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
HLH4C^NIG.3052R	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

UAS construct

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

insertion of mobile activating element

P{EP}HLH4C^G351

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 5 unique terms )

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 term )

Molecular Function ( 0 terms)

Biological Process

CV term

References

regulation of cell cycle

inferred from direct assay

(Guest et al., 2011)

Cellular Component ( 0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )

Molecular Function

CV term

protein dimerization activity

References

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011598

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:U94992

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Biological Process

CV term

regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

References

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:U94992

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Cellular Component

CV term

gene_with_stop_codon_read_through

References

nucleus

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:U94992

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

(Jungreis et al., 2011)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Physical Interactions

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interacts with

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

HLH4C allele

Gene

References

External Data

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF01998}attP2

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

57914

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0011277

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

31397

Orthologs

OrthoDB Orthologs (64) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41

OrthoDB Ortholog Groups

OrthoDB orthology group searches

(Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288)

Drosophila inclusive ortholog search

EOG6MKP30

Dipteran inclusive ortholog search

EOG6M9221

Insect inclusive ortholog search

EOG647DR1

Arthropod inclusive ortholog search

EOG6G1K05

Metazoa inclusive ortholog search

EOG615V8W

Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6MKP30)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila melanogaster

fruit fly

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA15893

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL14555

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK16457

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ15714

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI16068

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH17630

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6M9221)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL004428

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP004907

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG647DR1)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\LOC726553

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\LOC726553

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG001563

Acromyrmex echinatior

Panamanian leafcutter ant

Aech\AECH10683

Atta cephalotes

Leafcutter ant

Acep\ACEP10202

Camponotus floridanus

Florida carpenter ant

Cflo\CFLO14612

Harpegnathos saltator

Jerdons jumping ant

Hsal\HSAL21240

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH19889

Pogonomyrmex barbatus

Red harvester ant

Pbar\PB13743

Solenopsis invicta

Red fire ant

Sinv\SINV12199

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI007008

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA008476

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM229200

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\GLEAN_07725

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6G1K05)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\JGI_V11_66944

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick

Isca\ISCW014797

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG615V8W)

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Caenorhabditis elegans

Nematode

Cele\hlh-15

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_009231gn

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\SPU_028093gn

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\figla

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\tal2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\tal1

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\nhlh2

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\ENSDARG00000091603

Danio rerio

Zebrafish

Drer\figla

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\tal1

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\tal2

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\nhlh1

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\lyl1

Xenopus tropicalis

Western clawed frog

Xtro\figla

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\TAL2

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\ENSGALG00000024121

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Nhlh2

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Tal2

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Lyl1

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Figla

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Tal1

Mus musculus

House mouse

Mmus\Nhlh1

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Tal1

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Nhlh2

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Figla

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Tal2

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Nhlh1

Rattus norvegicus

Norway rat

Rnor\Lyl1

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\TAL1

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\FIGLA

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\LYL1

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\NHLH1

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\TAL2

Homo sapiens

Human

Hsap\NHLH2

Human Orthologs (6)

Gene

OMIM

HGNC

AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3

Organism

Gene

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA15893

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL14555

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK16457

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ15714

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI16068

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH17630

Stocks & Reagents

Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 4 )

Bloomington

26589

w^* P{EP}HLH4C^G351

25976

VDRC

v100779

P{KK108583}VIE-260B

v13724

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD4357}v13724

Genomic Clones ( 2 )

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones ( 1 )

Please Note

This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

IP01307

Other clones

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi & Array Information

(Perkins et al., 1.15.2009, Stevens et al., 2008, Stevens et al., 2008, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5)

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

•

FBgn0011277

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

•

31397

Antibody Information

Other Information

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identity of

Source for identity of: HLH4C CG3052

(Zhao, 1999.11)

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Other Comments

External Crossreferences & Linkouts

Sequence Crossreferences

RefSeq (Transcripts)

•

RefSeq (Proteins)

•

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

•

Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes.

•

31397

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

•

Other Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain (IPR011598)

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

•

IP01307

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions

•

57914

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

•

FBgn0011277

DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.

•

FBgn0011277

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0011277

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

CG3052-RA

FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans

•

FBgn0011277

GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

•

31397

InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

•

31397

modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project.

•

FBgn0011277

Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 6 )

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

bHLH36

(Stevens et al., 2008)

CG3052

DroNHLH