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Gene Dmel\Nos

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Nos	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Nitric oxide synthase	Annotation symbol	CG6713
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0011676
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	10 publicly available
Also Known As	dNOS
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map	2-
Cytogenetic map	32B1-32B1	Sequence location	2L:10,804,269..10,838,448 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Nitric oxide synthase is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Nos (CG6713, FBgn0011676). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: nitric-oxide synthase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: nervous system development. 22 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: interommatidial bristle; tertiary pigment cell; cell cycle; mesothoracic tergum; embryonic/larval fat body; vesicle; secondary pigment cell; prothoracic gland. It has 10 annotated transcripts and 10 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: FAD-binding, type 1; Ferredoxin reductase-type FAD-binding domain; Flavodoxin; Flavodoxin/nitric oxide synthase; Flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase; NADPH-cytochrome p450 reductase, FAD-binding, alpha-helical domain-3; Nitric oxide synthase, oxygenase domain; Nitric-oxide synthase; Nitric-oxide synthase, metazoa; Oxidoreductase FAD/NAD(P)-binding; Riboflavin synthase-like beta-barrel. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of low expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 12-24 hour embryonic stages, during early larval stages, during late pupal stages, in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. Gene sequence location is 2L:10804269..10838448.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02	Controlled Vocabulary Terms NADPH-hemoprotein reductase activity positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity cytosol nitric oxide mediated signal transduction
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 32B1-32B1   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}dbf1 and P{lacW}SCARk03107
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 32B-32B     (Regulski, 1995.4.15)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2- (Regulski, 1995.4.15)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Nos for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.51 Transcripts producing truncated protein isoforms (FBrf0145604) are not supported by available RNA-Seq data. Nos-RA is the only well-supported transcript isoform.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Nos-RA FBtr0080188  NM_078817   4696   1349 Nos-RB FBtr0100484  NM_001032073   4921   756 Nos-RC FBtr0100486  NM_001032072   4723   1349 Nos-RD FBtr0100487  NM_001032071   4652   213 Nos-RE FBtr0100488  NM_001032070   4386   1244 Nos-RF FBtr0100489  NM_001032069   4810   756 Nos-RG FBtr0100490  NM_001032068   3099   815 Nos-RH FBtr0100491  NM_001032067   5542   704 Nos-RI FBtr0100492  NM_001032075   5125   746 Nos-RJ FBtr0100493  NM_001032074   3208   756
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	5.0 (northern blot) (Regulski and Tully, 1995)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Nos-PA   FBpp0079777   151.7   1349   7.85     NP_523541   AAF53014 Nos-PB   FBpp0099921   84.3   756   9.54     NP_001027244   AAZ66453 Nos-PC   FBpp0099922   151.7   1349   7.85     NP_001027243   AAZ66452 Nos-PD   FBpp0099924   22.4   213   11.95     NP_001027242   AAZ66458 Nos-PE   FBpp0099925   139.8   1244   8.21     NP_001027241   AAZ66450 Nos-PF   FBpp0099926   84.3   756   9.54     NP_001027240   AAZ66454 Nos-PG   FBpp0099927   91.3   815   9.39     NP_001027239   AAZ66451 Nos-PH   FBpp0099928   78.7   704   9.96     NP_001027238   AAZ66457 Nos-PI   FBpp0099929   83.1   746   9.87     NP_001027246   AAZ66456 Nos-PJ   FBpp0099931   84.3   756   9.54     NP_001027245   AAZ66455
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	1350 (aa); 150 (kD observed); 152 (kD predicted) (Regulski and Tully, 1995)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Oxidoreductase FAD/NAD(P)-binding (IPR001433) Flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase (IPR001709) FAD-binding, type 1 (IPR003097) Nitric oxide synthase, oxygenase domain (IPR004030) Flavodoxin/nitric oxide synthase (IPR008254) Nitric-oxide synthase, metazoa (IPR012144) Ferredoxin reductase-type FAD-binding domain (IPR017927) Riboflavin synthase-like beta-barrel (IPR017938) Flavodoxin (IPR001094) NADPH-cytochrome p450 reductase, FAD-binding, alpha-helical domain-3 (IPR023173) Nitric-oxide synthase (IPR026009)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014134 AAF53014   AE014134 AAZ66450   AE014134 AAZ66451   AE014134 AAZ66452   AE014134 AAZ66453   AE014134 AAZ66454   AE014134 AAZ66455   AE014134 AAZ66456   AE014134 AAZ66457   AE014134 AAZ66458   AF215690   AF215691   AF215692   AF215693   AF215694   AF215695   AF215696   AF215697   AF215698   AF215699   AF215700 AAF25682   BI172690   BI356468   BT010016 AAQ22485   BT033006   CO262655   CO268122   CO284391   CO301675   CO305776   CO312488   CZ467345   CZ480446   CZ484778   CZ484987   EC052053   EC056000   EC056151   EC072467   EC208514   EC211616   EC214311   EC214767   EC231086   EC232127   EC244584   EL882965   EV589253   EV589271   EV589368   EV589829   EV590084   EV590237   EV590495   EV590739   EV591248   GH956391   GH956555   GH957275   GH983540   U25117 AAC46882   Z71121
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q27571
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q4ABG2
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic brain   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic central brain   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic central brain glial cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) lateral cord   (Fisher et al., 2012) lateral cord glial cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord   (Fisher et al., 2012) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   adult head   (Regulski and Tully, 1995) RT-PCR Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage -- adult stage     (Stasiv et al., 2004)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Nos is expressed in adult heads but not bodies. (Regulski and Tully, 1995) Nos-RA (dNOS1) and Nos-RF (dNOS4) are co-expressed at all developmental stages. Expression levels of both transcripts are comparable in embryos, but expression of Nos-RF is lower in larvae and adults than is expression of Nos-RA. (Stasiv et al., 2004)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
enzyme assay or biochemical detection Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference third instar larval stage   embryonic/larval brain   (Kuzin et al., 1996) third instar larval stage & pupal stage   genital disc   (Kuzin et al., 1996) haltere disc   (Kuzin et al., 1996) histoblast   (Kuzin et al., 1996) third instar larval stage -- pupal stage   ventral thoracic disc   (Kuzin et al., 1996) immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference prepupal stage   optic lobe | restricted   (Gibbs, 2001) Comment:cells directly adjacent to retinal axon termini pupal stage P6 -- pharate adult stage P9   lamina | faint   (Gibbs, 2001) medulla | intense   (Gibbs, 2001) adult stage   Malpighian tubule   (Pollock et al., 2004) mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Histochemical staining for the NADPH-diaphorase activity of Nos protein was used to detect Nos protein in all imaginal discs, imaginal rings, histoblasts and the larval brain. Protein is first detected early in third instar larvae. Staining becomes more intense as development proceeds and in late third instar larvae and early pupal stages a very specific and reproducible pattern of staining is seen in each disc. Nos protein reaches its highest levels in imaginal discs at the time when the cell cycle slows down and then gradually decreases through early pupal development. The pattern of staining in leg discs is described in detail. (Kuzin et al., 1996) Nos protein is expressed in white prepupae in a small set of cells in the optic lobe, directly adjacent to the termini of the retinal axons. By pupal stage P6 (24 hr APF), Nos protein is expressed at a low level in the lamina, and at a high level in the medulla. This pattern continues through pharate adult stage P8 (50 hr APF), then decreases by pharate adult stage P9 (72 hr APF). No expression is observed in the optic lobe at pharate adult stage P15 (96 hr APF). (Gibbs, 2001)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    1 central nervous system, pupae P8    7 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    7 head, mated 4-day male    6 head, mated 20-day male    8 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    0 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    1 central nervous system, pupae P8    7 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    7 head, mated 4-day male    6 head, mated 20-day male    8 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    0 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    1 central nervous system, pupae P8    7 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    7 head, mated 4-day male    6 head, mated 20-day male    8 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    0 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    1 central nervous system, pupae P8    7 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    7 head, mated 4-day male    6 head, mated 20-day male    8 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    0 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    1 central nervous system, pupae P8    7 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    7 head, mated 4-day male    6 head, mated 20-day male    8 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    0 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    1 central nervous system, pupae P8    7 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    7 head, mated 4-day male    6 head, mated 20-day male    8 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    0 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    1 central nervous system, pupae P8    7 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    7 head, mated 4-day male    6 head, mated 20-day male    8 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    0 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    1 central nervous system, pupae P8    7 head, virgin 1-day female    3 head, virgin 4-day female    3 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    3 head, mated 4-day female    3 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    7 head, mated 4-day male    6 head, mated 20-day male    8 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    3 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    0 carcass, 1-day adult    0 carcass, 4-day adult    0 carcass, 20-day adult    0 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of low expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 12-24 hour embryonic stages, during early larval stages, during late pupal stages, in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    2 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    5 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    3 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    0 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    2 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    2 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    5 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    3 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    0 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    2 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    2 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    5 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    3 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    0 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    2 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    2 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    5 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    3 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    0 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    2 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    2 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    5 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    3 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    0 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    2 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    2 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    5 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    3 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    0 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    2 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    2 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    5 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    3 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    0 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    2 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    0 embryo 14-16hr    1 embryo 16-18hr    2 embryo 18-20hr    4 embryo 20-22hr    5 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    3 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    0 white prepupae new    0 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    2 pupae 3d postWPP    2 pupae 4d postWPP    2 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    2 adult male 30day    2 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    1 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    3 wing disc ML-DmD8    1 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    4 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    3 tumorous blood cells mbn2    1 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    1 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    3 wing disc ML-DmD8    1 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    4 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    3 tumorous blood cells mbn2    1 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    1 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    3 wing disc ML-DmD8    1 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    4 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    3 tumorous blood cells mbn2    1 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    1 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    3 wing disc ML-DmD8    1 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    4 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    3 tumorous blood cells mbn2    1 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    1 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    3 wing disc ML-DmD8    1 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    4 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    3 tumorous blood cells mbn2    1 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    1 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    3 wing disc ML-DmD8    1 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    4 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    3 tumorous blood cells mbn2    1 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    1 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    3 wing disc ML-DmD8    1 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    4 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    3 tumorous blood cells mbn2    1 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    1 embryonic GM2    8 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    1 embryonic S3    1 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    3 wing disc ML-DmD8    1 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    4 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    3 tumorous blood cells mbn2    1 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    1 cold shock, 4-day adult    0 heat shock, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    1 cold shock, 4-day adult    0 heat shock, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    1 cold shock, 4-day adult    0 heat shock, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    1 cold shock, 4-day adult    0 heat shock, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    1 cold shock, 4-day adult    0 heat shock, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    1 cold shock, 4-day adult    0 heat shock, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    1 cold shock, 4-day adult    0 heat shock, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    1 cold shock, 4-day adult    0 heat shock, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    0 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_14 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_13
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • RE15336 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0011676 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG6713-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosMac.Scer\UAS partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 NosGD12013 viable NosC Nosf02469 NosΔ15 viable (with NosC) NosΔ15 viable (with NosΔ15) NosC Sterility Allele fertile Nosf02469 Other Phenotypes Allele chemical resistant NosΔ15 developmental rate defective, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosMac.Scer\UAS developmental rate defective | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosdsRNA.Scer\UAS.IR-X eclosion defective, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosdsRNA.Scer\UAS.IR-X increased cell size, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosdsRNA.Scer\UAS.IR-X large body | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosdsRNA.Scer\UAS.IR-X small body | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosMac.Scer\UAS visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 NosGD12013 Phenotype manifest in Allele cell cycle Nos4.GMR.T:Zzzz\FLAG embryonic/larval fat body, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosdsRNA.Scer\UAS.IR-X eye & cell cycle Noshs.PK interommatidial bristle Nos4.GMR.T:Zzzz\FLAG mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 NosGD12013 prothoracic gland, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosdsRNA.Scer\UAS.IR-X secondary pigment cell Nos4.GMR.T:Zzzz\FLAG tertiary pigment cell Nos4.GMR.T:Zzzz\FLAG vesicle, with Scer\GAL4phm.PO NosdsRNA.Scer\UAS.IR-X NosMac.Scer\UAS
Classical Alleles ( 10 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Nos Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Nosf02469 piggyBac transposase 2 -- Nosc01670 piggyBac transposase 1 -- Nose02671 piggyBac transposase 1 -- NosMB04018 1 -- NosMI04716 1 -- NosC amorphic allele - molecular evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes NosΔ15 amorphic allele - molecular evidence FLPase 0 Yes Nos69F P-element activity 0 Yes Nosf02274 piggyBac transposase 0 -- NosMac.Scer\UAS 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 12 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Nos Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion NosGD12013 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes NosJF03220 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes NosKK110614 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Nos4.GMR.T:Zzzz\FLAG in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Nos4.hs.T:Zzzz\FLAG in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes NosdsRNA.Scer\UAS.IR-X in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 -- NosGMR.PK in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Noshs.PK in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes NosNIG.6713R in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes NosScer\UAS.cDa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes NosScer\UAS.cMa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes NosVDRC.cUa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Partially disrupted in	Df(2L)69F (Regulski et al., 2004) Df(2L)NosΔ15 (Yakubovich et al., 2010)
Disrupted in	Df(2L)Exel8026 (Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data heat-shock construct P{hs-Nos.4.FLAG} NA P{hs-Nos} NA UAS construct P{GD12013} NA P{KK110614} NA P{TRiP.JF03220} NA P{UAS-Nos.D} NA P{UAS-Nos.dsRNA.IR-X} NA P{UAS-Nos.M} NA characterization construct P{GMR-Nos.4.FLAG} NA P{GMR-Nos} NA P{NIG.6713R} NA P{VDRC.Nos.U} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions Mi{MIC}NosMI04716 NA PBac{PB}Nosc01670 NA PBac{RB}Nose02671 NA PBac{WH}Nosf02274 NA PBac{WH}Nosf02469 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}NosMB04018 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 20 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
nitric-oxide synthase activity inferred from direct assay AND inferred from mutant phenotype AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity with mouse NOS2 AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity with rat Nos1 (Regulski and Tully, 1995)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
nervous system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Bicker, 2005)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 19 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
calmodulin binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012144 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) non-traceable author statement (Enikolopov et al., 1999) flavin adenine dinucleotide binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012144 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) FMN binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001094, InterPro:IPR008254, InterPro:IPR012144 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) heme binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012144 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) non-traceable author statement (Enikolopov et al., 1999) iron ion binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001094, InterPro:IPR012144 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) NADP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012144 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) NADPH-hemoprotein reductase activity inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000453822 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010) nitric-oxide synthase activity traceable author statement (assigned by UniProtKB) (Stasiv et al., 2001)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
defense response non-traceable author statement (Lemaitre, 2000.12.20) imaginal disc development traceable author statement (Enikolopov et al., 1999) negative regulation of cell proliferation traceable author statement (Enikolopov et al., 1999) negative regulation of DNA replication traceable author statement (Enikolopov et al., 1999) nitric oxide biosynthetic process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR004030, InterPro:IPR012144 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) traceable author statement (Enikolopov et al., 1999) traceable author statement (assigned by UniProtKB) (Stasiv et al., 2001) nitric oxide mediated signal transduction inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000453987 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010) oxidation-reduction process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001094, InterPro:IPR001433, InterPro:IPR001709, InterPro:IPR003097, InterPro:IPR004030, InterPro:IPR012144, InterPro:IPR017927, InterPro:IPR017938, InterPro:IPR023173 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001066032 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010) regulation of organ growth traceable author statement (Enikolopov et al., 1999) synapse assembly traceable author statement (Enikolopov et al., 1999)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cytosol inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000453764 (assigned by RefGenome) (Gaudet et al., 2010)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Nos - 14-3-3ζ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Arf79F anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Arp2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Bap55 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - CG11107 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - CG15220 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - CG17454 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - CG4169 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - CG6701 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Eb1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Hsp23 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - KdelR anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - LRP1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - NHP2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Nop56 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - P32 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Pgam5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Pp1-87B anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - R anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Rbp1-like anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - RnrL anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Rpt1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - SmD3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Srp72 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - Tapδ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - cpb anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - mRpS28 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - mt:CoII anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - nito anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - nop5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - porin anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Nos - tyf anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Nos allele Gene References Nos4.GMR.T:Zzzz\FLAG Rbf (Stasiv et al., 2004) NosGMR.PK Rbf (Kuzin et al., 2000) Noshs.PK Rbf (Kuzin et al., 2000)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 60568 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0011676 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0011676 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 34495
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (53) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6S7K88 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6J6RZT Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6W3RGT Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6R7SRK Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6WT836
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6S7K88)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\Nos     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD22223 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM11413 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG10354 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE13295 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF14065 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA19805 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL26383 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK23979 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ17639 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI17812 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH13337 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6J6RZT)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL009745   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP008255   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP008257   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ000366
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6W3RGT)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\AmNOS   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG037320   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH20018   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP23508   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO19713   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL18663   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH21330   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB25878   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV12888   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI001689   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\NSL   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA002938   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM176630   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC012639
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6R7SRK)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_49977   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW018074
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6WT836)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_013373gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_002328gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_016283gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_019970gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\nos2b   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\nos1   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\nos2a   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\nos1   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\nos2   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\nos3   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\NOS1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\NOS2   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Nos3   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Nos2   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Nos1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Nos1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Nos3   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Nos2   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000164867   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\NOS1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\NOS2
Human Orthologs (3)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\ENSG00000164867     Hsap\NOS1     Hsap\NOS2
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD22223 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM11413 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG10354 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE13295 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF14065 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA19805 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL26383 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK23979 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ17639 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI17812 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH13337
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 10 )
Bloomington	18555 w1118; PBac{WH}Nosf02469 24283 w1118; Mi{ET1}NosMB04018 28792 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF03220}attP2 37843 y1 w*; Mi{MIC}NosMI04716/SM6a
Harvard	- PBac{PB}Nosc01670 - PBac{RB}Nose02671 - PBac{WH}Nosf02469
VDRC	v108433 P{KK110614}VIE-260B v27722 w1118 P{GD12013}v27722 v27725 w1118; P{GD12013}v27725
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR03D06 BACR19N18 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 34 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD18192 RE15336
Other clones	DPiM_RE15336
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	RE42632
Other clones	19855 31350 119206 146498 CK01.102A.G3 CK01.118D.E11 CK01.169C.H10 Dmel_neb_010746_0441_2537 Dmel_neb_011282_0320_3468 Dmel_neb_011456_0388_0701 Dmel_neb_012561_0413_0892 Dmel_neb_013276_0333_2971 Dmel_neb_013805_0375_3215 Dmel_neb_014045_0421_0532 Dmel_neb_014285_0331_1694 Dmel_neb_014325_0444_3193 EC052053 EC056000 EC056151 EK086026 EK090218 EK165945 EK181862 EK228933 EK249413 IP12655 RP004061864 RP004076173 RP004079768 RP004209600
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0011676 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 34495
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Yakubovich et al., 2010)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Alternative transcription start sites and alternative splice sites are used to generate a large number of different mRNAs from the Nos gene. Some of these mRNAs encode truncated Nos polypeptides that can form heterodimers with full-length Nos protein (NOS1) and strongly inhibit its enzymatic activity when co-expressed in cultured mammalian cells. (Stasiv et al., 2001) Nos has a suggested role in the developing imaginal eye disc via interaction with the Rbf pathway. (Kuzin et al., 2000) Transcription of Nos in Malpighian tubules is stimulated by cardioacceleratory peptide 2b (capa); this is dependent on the activation of a soluble guanylate cyclase. (Davies et al., 1997) Nos is expressed in imaginal discs during larval development. Inhibition of Nos activity (by injection of specific Nos inhibitors) at the late stages of larval development results in excessive cell proliferation and increased size of structures of the adult body, changes are most profound in and most often affected the leg segments. Excessive proliferation of various cell types in the eye is masked by programmed cell death in the larvae and pupae. (Kuzin et al., 1996) Nos cDNA has been isolated, primary structure of the protein determined and enzyme activity assayed in culture cells. (Regulski and Tully, 1995)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_078817 NM_001032067 NM_001032068 NM_001032069 NM_001032070 NM_001032071 NM_001032072 NM_001032073 NM_001032074 NM_001032075 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_523541 NP_001027238 NP_001027239 NP_001027240 NP_001027241 NP_001027242 NP_001027243 NP_001027244 NP_001027245 NP_001027246 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAC46882 AAF25682 AAF53014 AAF53014.1 AAQ22485 AAZ66450 AAZ66451 AAZ66452 AAZ66453 AAZ66454 AAZ66455 AAZ66456 AAZ66457 AAZ66458 AF215690 AF215691 AF215692 AF215693 AF215694 AF215695 AF215696 AF215697 AF215698 AF215699 AF215700 BI172690 BT010016 CZ467345 CZ480446 CZ484778 CZ484987 U25117 Z71121 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 34495 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q27571 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q4ABG2
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Oxidoreductase FAD/NAD(P)-binding (IPR001433) Flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase (IPR001709) FAD-binding, type 1 (IPR003097) Nitric oxide synthase, oxygenase domain (IPR004030) Flavodoxin/nitric oxide synthase (IPR008254) Nitric-oxide synthase, metazoa (IPR012144) Ferredoxin reductase-type FAD-binding domain (IPR017927) Riboflavin synthase-like beta-barrel (IPR017938) Flavodoxin (IPR001094) NADPH-cytochrome p450 reductase, FAD-binding, alpha-helical domain-3 (IPR023173) Nitric-oxide synthase (IPR026009) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • RE15336
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 60568 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0011676 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0011676 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0011676 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0011676 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG6713-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0011676 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 34495 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /dbzhnsky/nitroxs1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 34495 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0011676
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 14 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG6713 (Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009) dNOS (Regulski et al., 2004, Stasiv et al., 2004, Davies, 2000, Stasiv et al., 2001, Dow et al., 2001, Kuzin et al., 2000, Davies et al., 1997, Kuzin et al., 1996, Regulski and Tully, 1995, Regulski et al., 1995, Kanao et al., 2012, Ray et al., 2007, Ray et al., 2007, Pilgram et al., 2011, McGettigan et al., 2005) DNOS (Sengupta et al., 2003, Enikolopov et al., 1999, Dow and Davies, 1999) dNos (Herz et al., 2010) DNOS1 (Enikolopov et al., 1999) drNOSoxy (Wang et al., 2007) nNOS (Benison et al., 2007) NOS (Thummel, 2005, Bicker, 2005, Foley and O'Farrell, 2003, Regulski, 1995.4.15, Semenza, 1999, Bicker, 1998, Wingrove and O'Farrell, 1998, Gibbs and Truman, 1998, Enikolopov and Kuzin, 1997, Davies et al., 1997, Raha and Carlson, 1995, Johnston et al., 2011, Brown et al., 2009, Gibbs, 2001, Pollock et al., 2004, Dijkers and O'Farrell, 2009, Wang et al., 2004, Glittenberg et al., 2011, Yakubovich et al., 2010) Nos (Reiter et al., 2007, Yamamoto et al., 2009.12.23, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Boyd et al., 2011, Cáceres et al., 2011, Mukherjee et al., 2011, Kalajdzic et al., 2012)
Name Synonym	nitric oixide synthase (Driscoll and Gerstbrein, 2003) nitric oxide synthase (Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Gibbs, 2001, Pollock et al., 2004, Ray et al., 2007, Dijkers and O'Farrell, 2009, Boyd et al., 2011) Nitric oxide synthase (Yakubovich et al., 2010) Nitric Oxide Synthase (Brown et al., 2009) NO synthase (Johnston et al., 2011, Ray et al., 2007, Cochemé et al., 2012)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 93 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 93 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 34 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 13 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 14 ) Abstract  ( 19 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Letter  ( 1 ) Website  ( 2 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 )
Recent research papers ( 10 )
	Cochemé et al., 2012, Nat. Protoc. 7(5): 946--958 Using the mitochondria-targeted ratiometric mass spectrometry probe MitoB to measure H(2)O(2) in living Drosophila. [FBrf0218113] Kalajdzic et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(6): e40296 Use of mutagenesis, genetic mapping and next generation transcriptomics to investigate insecticide resistance mechanisms. [FBrf0218826] Kanao et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(2): e30958 The Nitric Oxide-Cyclic GMP Pathway Regulates FoxO and Alters Dopaminergic Neuron Survival in Drosophila. [FBrf0217639] Xu et al., 2012, Cell Host Microbe 12(4): 531--543 Transcriptional pausing controls a rapid antiviral innate immune response in Drosophila. [FBrf0219695] Boyd et al., 2011, Free Radical Biol. Med. 50(11): 1669--1678 Nectarine promotes longevity in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0213612] Cáceres et al., 2011, Genes Dev. 25(14): 1476--1485 Nitric oxide coordinates metabolism, growth, and development via the nuclear receptor E75. [FBrf0214403] Glittenberg et al., 2011, Dis. Model Mech. 4(4): 515--525 Pathogen and host factors are needed to provoke a systemic host response to gastrointestinal infection of Drosophila larvae by Candida albicans. [FBrf0214008] Johnston et al., 2011, Mol. Cell 44(1): 51--61 Ecdysone- and NO-Mediated Gene Regulation by Competing EcR/Usp and E75A Nuclear Receptors during Drosophila Development. [FBrf0216342] Mukherjee et al., 2011, Science 332(6034): 1210--1213 Interaction between Notch and Hif-alpha in development and survival of Drosophila blood cells. [FBrf0214249] Pilgram et al., 2011, J. Neurosci. 31(2): 492--500 The RhoGAP crossveinless-c Interacts with Dystrophin and Is Required for Synaptic Homeostasis at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction. [FBrf0212767] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...