• Home
• Tools
  • Tools Overview
  • Query Tools

    
    • QuickSearch
    • QueryBuilder
    • TermLink
    • CytoSearch
    • Interactions Browser
    • ImageBrowse
    • Find A Person
    • Google™ FlyBase
  • Genomic/Map Tools

    
    • BLAST
    • GBrowse
    • CytoSearch
    • Aberrations Maps
    • Chromosome Maps
    • Coordinates Converter
  • Retrieve/Convert

    
    • Batch Download
    • Coordinates Converter
    • ID Converter
  • Data Submission

    
    • Fast-Track Your Paper
    • Submit Personal Comm
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
  • People

    
    • Find A Person
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
• Files
  • Files Overview
  • Downloads:
  • Precomputed files
  • Archived data
  • Releases (FTP)
  • Genomes (FTP)
  • AAA data (FTP)
  • Lists:
  • Transposons (Dmel)
  • Transposons (other)
  • Vectors & Constructs
  • Anatomical Terms
  • Map Conversion
• Species
  • Phylogeny
  • Sequenced Species
  • Synteny Table
  • Color Illustrations
  • Abbreviations
• Documents
  • About FlyBase
  • Reference Manual:
  • Sections
  • Contents
  • Nomenclature
  • Release Notes
• Resources
  • All Resources
  • Model Organisms
  • Stock Collections
  • Other links:
  • BDGP
  • DGRC
  • FlyExpress
  • Interactive Fly
  • modENCODE
  • Textpresso for Fly
• News
  • News
  • FlyBase Forum
  • FlyBase Positions
  • Meetings
  • Courses
  • Fly Board
  • White papers
  • Funding
  • bionet.dros
• Help
  • Google™ FlyBase
  • Site Map
  • FAQs
  • FlyBase Guides
  • Video Tutorials
  • Report help
  • New to Flies
  • Pers. comm.
  • Author guidelines
  • Contact FlyBase
• Archives
  • Prior Release
  • Other Archives
  • Coordinate Converter

Gene Dmel\twin

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\twin	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	twin	Annotation symbol	CG31137
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0011725
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	22 publicly available
Also Known As	CCR4
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map	3-[81]
Cytogenetic map	95F1-95F2	Sequence location	3R:20,023,310..20,047,687 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene twin is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\twin (CG31137, FBgn0011725). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Its molecular function is unknown. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: oogenesis; nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening. 30 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: nurse cell ring canal; oocyte; egg chamber; nurse cell. It has 6 annotated transcripts and 6 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase; Leucine-rich repeat; Leucine-rich repeat, typical subtype. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary, adult testis. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult spermathecae, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1624627_s_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 6 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of twin. Gene sequence location is 3R:20023310..20047687.
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2012_01	References Rouget et al., 2010, Nature 467(7319): 1128--1132 Igreja and Izaurralde, 2011, Genes Dev. 25(18): 1955--1967 Sequence features BKN60323 BKN60346 BKN28897 HFA15259 HFA15831
FB2011_10	References Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24, BrainTrap expression curation. Transgenic Constructs P{UASp-twin.HA}
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 95F1-95F2   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}Syx1A06737&P{PZ}Syx1A10660 and P{PZ}crb07207&P{PZ}BRWD305842
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-[81]
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\twin for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.39
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) twin-RA FBtr0084566  NM_170129   2704   552 twin-RB FBtr0084567  NM_170131   2821   545 twin-RC FBtr0084569  NM_170128   2589   567 twin-RD FBtr0084570  NM_170132   2469   358 twin-RE FBtr0084568  NM_170130   2853   552 twin-RF FBtr0084571  NM_176555   2692   552
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein twin-PA   FBpp0083951   63.2   552   6.82     NP_732965   AAF56259 twin-PB   FBpp0083952   62.4   545   6.56     NP_732967   AAF56256 twin-PC   FBpp0083954   65.0   567   7.09     NP_732964   AAN13986 twin-PD   FBpp0083955   41.0   358   5.89     NP_732968   AAN13987 twin-PE   FBpp0083953   63.2   552   6.82     NP_732966   AAF56258 twin-PF   FBpp0083956   63.2   552   6.82     NP_788732   AAO41599
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Leucine-rich repeat (IPR001611) Leucine-rich repeat, typical subtype (IPR003591) Endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase (IPR005135)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA202765   AA202802   AA538818   AA950322   AE014297 AAF56256   AE014297 AAF56258   AE014297 AAF56259   AE014297 AAN13986   AE014297 AAN13987   AE014297 AAO41599   AI109365   AI389169   AI455046   AI515268   AI515603   AI515985   AI516906   AI519642   AI944571   AW942483   AY043267 AAK85705   AY069458 AAL39603   BE978879   BF487438   BF487672   BF488099   BF489647   BF492322   BF494575   BF494676   BF494765   BF500078   BF503798   BF504031   BF504115   BF504475   BG633461   BG640141   BH614837   BH614838   BI165759   BI241349   BI354044   BI354045   BI367592   BI485675   BI580285   BI640592   BT001344 AAN71099   BT010039 AAQ22508   CO176992   CO184428   CO184584   CO186287   CO188982   CO190536   CO264452   CO265016   CO276757   CO287029   CO298743   CO303778   CO306426   CO311368   CO314490   CO314501   CO314866   CO316993   CO319037   CO320805   CO330045   CO330315   CZ474261   CZ474904   CZ476984   CZ477436   CZ487962   EC065428   EC066996   EC068610   EC071214   EC072365   EC076313   EC084642   EC090266   EC195710   EC207160   EC210188   EC216282   EC217419   EC218107   EC225831   EC236846   EC248790   EV576726   EV589632   EV590111   EV599062
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q8IMX0 Q8IMX1 Q8MTZ5 Q9VCB6 Q7K112
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage | female   ovary   (Temme et al., 2004) oogenesis stage S10   follicle cell   (Temme et al., 2004) western blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage -- larval stage   organism   (Temme et al., 2004) adult stage | female   ovary   (Temme et al., 2004)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Expression is observed in all cells of the ovary at all stages of oogenesis. (Temme et al., 2004)
Marker for
	ovary
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0011725    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0011725 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0011725 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10455 embryo 02-04hr    4351 embryo 04-06hr    3525 embryo 06-08hr    3762 embryo 08-10hr    2860 embryo 10-12hr    2586 embryo 12-14hr    2343 embryo 14-16hr    2929 embryo 16-18hr    1965 embryo 18-20hr    1594 embryo 20-22hr    1168 embryo 22-24hr    1135 larva L1    1385 larva L2    1175 larva L3 12hr old    864 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1212 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2579 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2917 white prepupae new    3244 white prepupae 12hr    4451 white prepupae 24hr    6154 pupae 2d postWPP    6956 pupae 3d postWPP    5749 pupae 4d postWPP    7098 adult male 01day    8931 adult male 05day    12642 adult male 30day    14947 adult female 01day    3538 adult female 05day    5327 adult female 30day    5676 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (10455) embryo 02-04hr  (4351) embryo 04-06hr  (3525) embryo 06-08hr  (3762) embryo 08-10hr  (2860) embryo 10-12hr  (2586) embryo 12-14hr  (2343) embryo 14-16hr  (2929) embryo 16-18hr  (1965) embryo 18-20hr  (1594) embryo 20-22hr  (1168) embryo 22-24hr  (1135) larva L1  (1385) larva L2  (1175) larva L3 12hr old  (864) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1212) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (2579) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2917) white prepupae new  (3244) white prepupae 12hr  (4451) white prepupae 24hr  (6154) pupae 2d postWPP  (6956) pupae 3d postWPP  (5749) pupae 4d postWPP  (7098) adult male 01day  (8931) adult male 05day  (12642) adult male 30day  (14947) adult female 01day  (3538) adult female 05day  (5327) adult female 30day  (5676) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (10455) embryo 02-04hr  (4351) embryo 04-06hr  (3525) embryo 06-08hr  (3762) embryo 08-10hr  (2860) embryo 10-12hr  (2586) embryo 12-14hr  (2343) embryo 14-16hr  (2929) embryo 16-18hr  (1965) embryo 18-20hr  (1594) embryo 20-22hr    1168 embryo 22-24hr    1135 larva L1    1385 larva L2    1175 larva L3 12hr old    864 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1212 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (2579) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2917) white prepupae new  (3244) white prepupae 12hr  (4451) white prepupae 24hr  (6154) pupae 2d postWPP  (6956) pupae 3d postWPP  (5749) pupae 4d postWPP  (7098) adult male 01day  (8931) adult male 05day  (12642) adult male 30day  (14947) adult female 01day  (3538) adult female 05day  (5327) adult female 30day  (5676) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  10455 embryo 02-04hr    4351 embryo 04-06hr    3525 embryo 06-08hr    3762 embryo 08-10hr    2860 embryo 10-12hr    2586 embryo 12-14hr    2343 embryo 14-16hr    2929 embryo 16-18hr    1965 embryo 18-20hr    1594 embryo 20-22hr    1168 embryo 22-24hr    1135 larva L1    1385 larva L2    1175 larva L3 12hr old    864 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1212 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2579 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2917 white prepupae new    3244 white prepupae 12hr    4451 white prepupae 24hr    6154 pupae 2d postWPP    6956 pupae 3d postWPP    5749 pupae 4d postWPP    7098 adult male 01day    8931 adult male 05day  (12642) adult male 30day  (14947) adult female 01day    3538 adult female 05day    5327 adult female 30day    5676 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10455 embryo 02-04hr    4351 embryo 04-06hr    3525 embryo 06-08hr    3762 embryo 08-10hr    2860 embryo 10-12hr    2586 embryo 12-14hr    2343 embryo 14-16hr    2929 embryo 16-18hr    1965 embryo 18-20hr    1594 embryo 20-22hr    1168 embryo 22-24hr    1135 larva L1    1385 larva L2    1175 larva L3 12hr old    864 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1212 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2579 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2917 white prepupae new    3244 white prepupae 12hr    4451 white prepupae 24hr    6154 pupae 2d postWPP    6956 pupae 3d postWPP    5749 pupae 4d postWPP    7098 adult male 01day    8931 adult male 05day    12642 adult male 30day    14947 adult female 01day    3538 adult female 05day    5327 adult female 30day    5676 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0011725 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10455 embryo 02-04hr    4351 embryo 04-06hr    3525 embryo 06-08hr    3762 embryo 08-10hr    2860 embryo 10-12hr    2586 embryo 12-14hr    2343 embryo 14-16hr    2929 embryo 16-18hr    1965 embryo 18-20hr    1594 embryo 20-22hr    1168 embryo 22-24hr    1135 larva L1    1385 larva L2    1175 larva L3 12hr old    864 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1212 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2579 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2917 white prepupae new    3244 white prepupae 12hr    4451 white prepupae 24hr    6154 pupae 2d postWPP    6956 pupae 3d postWPP    5749 pupae 4d postWPP    7098 adult male 01day    8931 adult male 05day    12642 adult male 30day    14947 adult female 01day    3538 adult female 05day    5327 adult female 30day    5676 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (10455) embryo 02-04hr  (4351) embryo 04-06hr  (3525) embryo 06-08hr  (3762) embryo 08-10hr  (2860) embryo 10-12hr  (2586) embryo 12-14hr  (2343) embryo 14-16hr  (2929) embryo 16-18hr  (1965) embryo 18-20hr  (1594) embryo 20-22hr  (1168) embryo 22-24hr  (1135) larva L1  (1385) larva L2  (1175) larva L3 12hr old  (864) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1212) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (2579) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2917) white prepupae new  (3244) white prepupae 12hr  (4451) white prepupae 24hr  (6154) pupae 2d postWPP  (6956) pupae 3d postWPP  (5749) pupae 4d postWPP  (7098) adult male 01day  (8931) adult male 05day  (12642) adult male 30day  (14947) adult female 01day  (3538) adult female 05day  (5327) adult female 30day  (5676) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (10455) embryo 02-04hr  (4351) embryo 04-06hr  (3525) embryo 06-08hr  (3762) embryo 08-10hr  (2860) embryo 10-12hr  (2586) embryo 12-14hr  2343 embryo 14-16hr  (2929) embryo 16-18hr  1965 embryo 18-20hr  1594 embryo 20-22hr    1168 embryo 22-24hr    1135 larva L1    1385 larva L2    1175 larva L3 12hr old    864 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1212 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (2579) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2917) white prepupae new  (3244) white prepupae 12hr  (4451) white prepupae 24hr  (6154) pupae 2d postWPP  (6956) pupae 3d postWPP  (5749) pupae 4d postWPP  (7098) adult male 01day  (8931) adult male 05day  (12642) adult male 30day  (14947) adult female 01day  (3538) adult female 05day  (5327) adult female 30day  (5676) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  10455 embryo 02-04hr    4351 embryo 04-06hr    3525 embryo 06-08hr    3762 embryo 08-10hr    2860 embryo 10-12hr    2586 embryo 12-14hr    2343 embryo 14-16hr    2929 embryo 16-18hr    1965 embryo 18-20hr    1594 embryo 20-22hr    1168 embryo 22-24hr    1135 larva L1    1385 larva L2    1175 larva L3 12hr old    864 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1212 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2579 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2917 white prepupae new    3244 white prepupae 12hr    4451 white prepupae 24hr    6154 pupae 2d postWPP    6956 pupae 3d postWPP    5749 pupae 4d postWPP    7098 adult male 01day    8931 adult male 05day  12642 adult male 30day  14947 adult female 01day    3538 adult female 05day    5327 adult female 30day    5676 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10455 embryo 02-04hr    4351 embryo 04-06hr    3525 embryo 06-08hr    3762 embryo 08-10hr    2860 embryo 10-12hr    2586 embryo 12-14hr    2343 embryo 14-16hr    2929 embryo 16-18hr    1965 embryo 18-20hr    1594 embryo 20-22hr    1168 embryo 22-24hr    1135 larva L1    1385 larva L2    1175 larva L3 12hr old    864 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1212 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2579 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2917 white prepupae new    3244 white prepupae 12hr    4451 white prepupae 24hr    6154 pupae 2d postWPP    6956 pupae 3d postWPP    5749 pupae 4d postWPP    7098 adult male 01day    8931 adult male 05day    12642 adult male 30day    14947 adult female 01day    3538 adult female 05day    5327 adult female 30day    5676 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0011725    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0011725 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary, adult testis. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult spermathecae, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0011725 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    336.225 Larval Midgut    120 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    199 Larval Fat Body    417.1 Larval Salivary Gland    308.1 Larval Trachea    212.45 Larval Carcass    161.225 Adult Head    127.5 Adult Eye    122.35 Adult Brain    328.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3 Adult Crop    229.7 Adult Midgut    101.6 Adult Hindgut    135.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    115.1 Adult Fat Body    166.1 Adult Salivary Gland    169.1 Adult Heart    142.9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7 Adult Ovary    865 Adult Testis    1640.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    198.9 Adult Carcass    138 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    336.225 Larval Midgut    120 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    199 Larval Fat Body    417.1 Larval Salivary Gland    308.1 Larval Trachea    212.45 Larval Carcass    161.225 Adult Head    127.5 Adult Eye    122.35 Adult Brain    328.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3 Adult Crop    229.7 Adult Midgut    101.6 Adult Hindgut    135.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    115.1 Adult Fat Body    166.1 Adult Salivary Gland    169.1 Adult Heart    142.9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7 Adult Ovary  (865) Adult Testis  (1640.9) Adult Male Accessory Gland    198.9 Adult Carcass    138 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    336.225 Larval Midgut    120 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    199 Larval Fat Body    417.1 Larval Salivary Gland    308.1 Larval Trachea    212.45 Larval Carcass    161.225 Adult Head    127.5 Adult Eye    122.35 Adult Brain    328.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3 Adult Crop    229.7 Adult Midgut    101.6 Adult Hindgut    135.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    115.1 Adult Fat Body    166.1 Adult Salivary Gland    169.1 Adult Heart    142.9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7 Adult Ovary    865 Adult Testis  (1640.9) Adult Male Accessory Gland    198.9 Adult Carcass    138 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    336.225 Larval Midgut    120 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    199 Larval Fat Body    417.1 Larval Salivary Gland    308.1 Larval Trachea    212.45 Larval Carcass    161.225 Adult Head    127.5 Adult Eye    122.35 Adult Brain    328.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3 Adult Crop    229.7 Adult Midgut    101.6 Adult Hindgut    135.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    115.1 Adult Fat Body    166.1 Adult Salivary Gland    169.1 Adult Heart    142.9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7 Adult Ovary    865 Adult Testis    1640.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    198.9 Adult Carcass    138 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0011725 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    336.225 Larval Midgut    120 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    199 Larval Fat Body    417.1 Larval Salivary Gland    308.1 Larval Trachea    212.45 Larval Carcass    161.225 Adult Head    127.5 Adult Eye    122.35 Adult Brain    328.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3 Adult Crop    229.7 Adult Midgut    101.6 Adult Hindgut    135.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    115.1 Adult Fat Body    166.1 Adult Salivary Gland    169.1 Adult Heart    142.9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7 Adult Ovary    865 Adult Testis    1640.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    198.9 Adult Carcass    138 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    336.225 Larval Midgut    120 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    199 Larval Fat Body    417.1 Larval Salivary Gland    308.1 Larval Trachea    212.45 Larval Carcass    161.225 Adult Head    127.5 Adult Eye    122.35 Adult Brain    328.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3 Adult Crop    229.7 Adult Midgut    101.6 Adult Hindgut    135.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    115.1 Adult Fat Body    166.1 Adult Salivary Gland    169.1 Adult Heart    142.9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7 Adult Ovary  (865) Adult Testis  (1640.9) Adult Male Accessory Gland    198.9 Adult Carcass    138 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    336.225 Larval Midgut    120 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    199 Larval Fat Body    417.1 Larval Salivary Gland    308.1 Larval Trachea    212.45 Larval Carcass    161.225 Adult Head    127.5 Adult Eye    122.35 Adult Brain    328.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3 Adult Crop    229.7 Adult Midgut    101.6 Adult Hindgut    135.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    115.1 Adult Fat Body    166.1 Adult Salivary Gland    169.1 Adult Heart    142.9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7 Adult Ovary    865 Adult Testis  1640.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    198.9 Adult Carcass    138 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    336.225 Larval Midgut    120 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    199 Larval Fat Body    417.1 Larval Salivary Gland    308.1 Larval Trachea    212.45 Larval Carcass    161.225 Adult Head    127.5 Adult Eye    122.35 Adult Brain    328.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3 Adult Crop    229.7 Adult Midgut    101.6 Adult Hindgut    135.9 Adult Malpighian Tubules    115.1 Adult Fat Body    166.1 Adult Salivary Gland    169.1 Adult Heart    142.9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7 Adult Ovary    865 Adult Testis    1640.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland    198.9 Adult Carcass    138 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    127.5   NA  Eye    122.35   NA  Brain    328.9   336.225  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    245.3   NA  Crop    229.7   120  Midgut    101.6   168.1  Hindgut    135.9   199  Malpighian Tubules    115.1   417.1  Fat Body    166.1   308.1  Salivary Gland    169.1   NA  Heart    142.9   212.45  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    141.2   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    140.7   NA  Ovary    865   NA  Testis    1640.9   NA  Male Accessory Gland    198.9   161.225  Carcass    138 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_21
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0011725 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG31137-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for twin Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 7-8 Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | partially twinGS8115 twinGS12209 lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | partially (with Df(3R)Exel6198) twinGS12209 twinKG00877 viable twinCA06641 twind06069 twinGS8115 twinGS12209 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 twinGD5054 Sterility Allele female sterile twinry3 twinry5 female sterile (with Df(3R)Exel6198) twinGS8115 female sterile (with twinry5) twinS1 twinS3 female sterile (with twinS1) twinry5 female sterile (with twinS3) twinry5 fertile twind06069 male fertile twinry5 Phenotype manifest in Allele egg chamber twinS3 twinry3 twinry5 twinGS12209 twinGS8115 egg chamber (with Df(3R)crb-F89-4) twinKG00877 twinGS12209 twinGS8115 egg chamber (with twinry3) twinry5 egg chamber (with twinry5) twinry3 embryonic head | maternal effect (with Df(3R)crb-F89-4) twinGS12209 nurse cell twinGS12209 twinGS8115 nurse cell (with Df(3R)crb-F89-4) twinGS12209 twinGS8115 nurse cell | supernumerary twinGS12209 twinGS8115 nurse cell | supernumerary (with Df(3R)crb-F89-4) twinKG00877 twinGS12209 twinGS8115 nurse cell ring canal (with Df(3R)crb-F89-4) twinGS12209 nurse cell ring canal | supernumerary (with twinry3) twinry5 nurse cell ring canal | supernumerary (with twinry5) twinry3 oocyte twinS3 twinry3 twinry5 oocyte (with twinry5) twinS3 oocyte (with twinS3) twinry5 syncytial blastoderm embryo | maternal effect (with Df(3R)Exel6198) twinKG00877
Classical Alleles ( 24 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of twin Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion twind06069 P-element activity 2 -- twinB305 1 -- twind05015 P-element activity 1 -- twind10786 P-element activity 1 -- twinDG04208 P-element activity 1 -- twinDG24102 1 -- twinEY02330 P-element activity 1 -- twinf05399 piggyBac transposase 1 -- twinG9185 P-element activity 1 -- twinGS12209 1 Yes twinGS8115 1 Yes twinKG00877 P-element activity 1 Yes twinNP1596 1 -- twinNP5338 1 -- twinS1 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes twinS3 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes twinCA06641 P-element activity 0 Yes twinCPTI000371 piggyBac transposase 0 Yes twinCPTI001025 piggyBac transposase 0 Yes twinCPTI002507 piggyBac transposase 0 Yes twind09860 P-element activity 0 -- twinry3 0 Yes twinry5 0 Yes twinunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of twin Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion twinGD5054 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes twinHMS00493 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes twinHMS00690 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes twinKK108897 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes twindsRNA.cTa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes twinScer\UAS.P\T.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3R)crb87-4 (Morris et al., 2005) Df(3R)Exel6198 (Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD5054} NA P{KK108897} NA P{TRiP.HMS00493} NA P{TRiP.HMS00690} NA P{UASp-twin.HA} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}twinG9185 NA P{EPgy2}twinEY02330 NA P{GSV3}twinGS8115 NA P{GSV6}twinGS12209 NA P{XP}twind05015 NA P{XP}twind06069 NA P{XP}twind09860 NA P{XP}twind10786 NA miscellaneous insertions P{3'SUPor-P}twinKG00877b NA P{5'SUPor-P}twinKG00877a NA P{}twinry3 NA P{}twinry5 NA P{PTT-GA}twinCA06641 NA P{wHy}cavDG04208 NA P{wHy}twinDG24102 NA PBac{5HPw+}twinB305 NA PBac{602.P.SVS-1}twinCPTI000371 NA PBac{602.P.SVS-1}twinCPTI001025 NA PBac{681.P.FSVS-1}twinCPTI002507 NA PBac{WH}twinf05399 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}twinNP1596 No P{GawB}twinNP5338 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 6 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening inferred from mutant phenotype (Morris et al., 2005, Zaessinger et al., 2006) oogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Morris et al., 2005)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
CCR4-NOT complex inferred from direct assay (Temme et al., 2010) cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Temme et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces CCR4 (FlyBase, 1992-) regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces CCR4 (FlyBase, 1992-)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
CCR4-NOT complex inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces CCR4 (FlyBase, 1992-) cytoplasm inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces CCR4 (FlyBase, 1992-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions twin allele Gene References twinry3 bam (Morris et al., 2005) CycA (Morris et al., 2005) unspecified smg (Semotok et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 67811 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0011725 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0011725 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 42880
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA16037
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA16037
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL012925-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP004405-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_396007.3 Apis mellifera (honey bee) XP_001947380.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) At3g58560.1 Arabidopsis thaliana (wall cress) 9186 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (chytrid fungus) 130644 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) BGIBMGA006317-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) ENSBTAP00000005694 Bos taurus (bovine) CAL0002486 Candida albicans (a form of yeast) CN13622 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CN16310 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP00892 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE42682 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) ENSCAFP00000012786 Canis familiaris (dog) CAGL0H06149g Candida glabrata (haploid yeast) ENSCINP00000014195 Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) JA01605 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) CMJ074C Cyanidioschyzon merolae (red alga) cn07096 Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast-like fungus) CPIJ005352 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000009284 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 155138 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP32688 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) 169418 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DEHA2F04136g Debaryomyces Hansenii (yeast) 46150 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000032583 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000002236 Equus caballus (horse) ENSGACP00000023842 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) ENSGALP00000009685 Gallus gallus (chicken) 97810 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000264903 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW012907-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) KLLA0F15884g Kluyveromyces lactis (yeast) 106923 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) 32477 Monocosta brevicollis (choanoflagellate) ENSMODP00000004891 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000024598 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMUSP00000108629 Mus musculus (house mouse) 195293 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) XP_001605640.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) ENSOANP00000016215 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000006376 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) LOC_Os03g07080.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) 19788 Ostreococcus tauri (green alga) PHUM002517-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP09914 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) 106817 Physcomitrella patens (moss) ENSPPYP00000016603 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 93768 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) 129333 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) 825136 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) ENSPTRP00000027832 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) ENSRNOP00000002843 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) 4872311 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) YAL021C Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Smp_172270 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) SPCC31H12.08c Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) XP_779942.2 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) 30062 Trichoplax adhaerens (metazoa) XP_974371.2 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) ENSTNIP00000007081 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) 10811 Thalassiosira pseudonana (marine diatom) ENSTRUP00000010295 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 94222.m00131 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) ENSXETP00000000789 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) YALI0B15147g Yarrowia lipolytica (nonconventional yeast) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • NV13985 LH24344 LH24339 ISCW012907 JGI_V11_46150 FBgn0076053 CPIJ005352 BGIBMGA006317 ACYPI004697 GB14497 AGAP004405 AAEL012925 PB25149 PB25150 PHUM129580 GLEAN_00387
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 22 )
Bloomington	19229 w1118; P{XP}twind06069 15863 y1 w67c23; P{EPgy2}twinEY02330 32490 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS00493}attP2 32901 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS00690}attP2 32624 w1118; P{EP}twinG9185 CG17786G9185
Harvard	- P{XP}twind05015 - P{XP}twind06069 - P{XP}twind10786 - PBac{WH}twinf05399
VDRC	v104442 P{KK108897}VIE-260B v13366 w1118 P{GD5054}v13366 v13365 w1118; P{GD5054}v13365
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR29F06 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 79 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	AT23187 LD18435 LD39302
Other clones	DPiM_AT23187 DPiM_LD39302
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT03255 AT03393 AT03493 AT05006 AT05307 AT05413 AT05843 AT14880 AT22236 AT22706 AT25754 AT29244 GH08528 GH20274 GM26079 GM26080 LD03044 LD03120 LD06650 LD28845 LD41714 LD47020 LD47492 RE05713 RE38389 RE53387 RE69007 RE74451 SD11102 SD23517
Other clones	29807 31770 38099 103040 117318 117498 118849 174890 191497 191970 bs02b02 bs84a01 CK01.19C.C5 CK01.19C.E5 CK01.49A.G12 CK01.64A.E10 CK01.126A.D12 Dmel_dig_014355_0634_1758 Dmel_neb_001090_0431_3703 Dmel_neb_014521_0855_0552 Dmel_neb_014869_0385_1312 EC28077 EC28287 EK018419 EK042660 EK048508 EK052051 EK064650 EK122004 EK139245 EK141238 EK173731 EK224312 EK236658 EK236716 EK238120 EK242734 EK251021 EK266538 EK276043 EK288306 EK294423 EK294948 GH27503
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0011725 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 42880
Antibody Information
	polyclonal antibody (Temme et al., 2004)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: CCR4 CG17741 CG5534 (FlyBase, 1996-)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: CCR4 BEST:GH20274 (Rana, 2004.7.8) Source for merge of: twin CCR4 (Morris et al., 2005)
Additional comments	Annotations CG17741, CG5534 merged as CG31137 in release 3 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003) Source for identity of CCR4 CG17741 CG5534 was sequence comparison (date:020814). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	twin is required for the number and synchrony of cyst divisions during oogenesis and for the oocyte/nurse cell fate decision. (Morris et al., 2005) Mutant flies show a significant lengthening of mRNA poly(A) tails compared to wild type and show a defect in Hsp70 mRNA deadenylation. (Temme et al., 2004)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_170128 NM_170129 NM_170130 NM_170131 NM_170132 NM_176555 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_732964 NP_732965 NP_732966 NP_732967 NP_732968 NP_788732 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA538818 AAF56256 AAF56258 AAF56259 AAK85705 AAL39603 AAN13986 AAN13987 AAN71099 AAO41599 AAQ22508 AI389169 AI519642 AI944571 AW942483 AY043267 AY069458 BF488099 BH614837 BH614838 BT001344 BT010039 CZ474261 CZ474904 CZ476984 CZ477436 CZ487962 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 42880 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q7K112 Q8IMX0 Q8IMX1 Q8MTZ5 Q9VCB6
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Leucine-rich repeat (IPR001611) Leucine-rich repeat, typical subtype (IPR003591) Endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase (IPR005135)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 67811 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0011725 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0011725 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0011725 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0011725 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG31137-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0011725 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 42880 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL012925-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP004405-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_396007.3 Apis mellifera (honey bee) XP_001947380.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) At3g58560.1 Arabidopsis thaliana (wall cress) 9186 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (chytrid fungus) 130644 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) BGIBMGA006317-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) ENSBTAP00000005694 Bos taurus (bovine) CAL0002486 Candida albicans (a form of yeast) CN13622 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CN16310 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP00892 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE42682 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) ENSCAFP00000012786 Canis familiaris (dog) CAGL0H06149g Candida glabrata (haploid yeast) ENSCINP00000014195 Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) JA01605 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) CMJ074C Cyanidioschyzon merolae (red alga) cn07096 Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast-like fungus) CPIJ005352 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000009284 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) 155138 Chlamidomonas reinhardtii (green alga) RP32688 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) 169418 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DEHA2F04136g Debaryomyces Hansenii (yeast) 46150 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000032583 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000002236 Equus caballus (horse) ENSGACP00000023842 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) ENSGALP00000009685 Gallus gallus (chicken) 97810 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000264903 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW012907-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) KLLA0F15884g Kluyveromyces lactis (yeast) 106923 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) 32477 Monocosta brevicollis (choanoflagellate) ENSMODP00000004891 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000024598 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMUSP00000108629 Mus musculus (house mouse) 195293 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) XP_001605640.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) ENSOANP00000016215 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000006376 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) LOC_Os03g07080.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) 19788 Ostreococcus tauri (green alga) PHUM002517-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) PP09914 Pristionchus pacificus (nematode) 106817 Physcomitrella patens (moss) ENSPPYP00000016603 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 93768 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) 129333 Phytophthora sojae (root rot pathogen) 825136 Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) ENSPTRP00000027832 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) ENSRNOP00000002843 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) 4872311 Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) YAL021C Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Smp_172270 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) SPCC31H12.08c Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) XP_779942.2 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) 30062 Trichoplax adhaerens (metazoa) XP_974371.2 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) ENSTNIP00000007081 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) 10811 Thalassiosira pseudonana (marine diatom) ENSTRUP00000010295 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 94222.m00131 Trichomonas vaginalis (parasitic flagellated protozoan) ENSXETP00000000789 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) YALI0B15147g Yarrowia lipolytica (nonconventional yeast) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /genebrief/twin_ccr4.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 42880 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0011725 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • NV13985 LH24344 LH24339 ISCW012907 JGI_V11_46150 FBgn0076053 CPIJ005352 BGIBMGA006317 ACYPI004697 GB14497 AGAP004405 AAEL012925 PB25149 PB25150 PHUM129580 GLEAN_00387
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 10 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	BEST:GH20274   CCR4 (Semotok et al., 2005, Myrick et al., 2005.5.16, Rana, 2004.7.8, Dupressoir, 2001.6.29, Seydoux and Braun, 2006, Liebl et al., 2006, Kadyrova et al., 2007, Hong et al., 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Chicoine et al., 2007, Temme et al., 2010, Jäger and Dorner, 2010, Haas et al., 2010, Rouget et al., 2010) ccr4 (Semotok et al., 2005, Morris et al., 2005, Zaessinger et al., 2006, Pesin and Orr-Weaver, 2007, Benoit et al., 2005, Lin et al., 2008) Ccr4 (Temme et al., 2010) CG5534   CG17741 (Levis, 2003.3, ) CG31137 (Temme et al., 2004, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Jäger and Dorner, 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Ellis and Carney, 2011) CT39331 (Hynes and Zhao, 2000) twin (Zaessinger et al., 2006, Buszczak et al., 2007, Chicoine et al., 2007, Lim et al., 2009, Temme et al., 2010, Ellis and Carney, 2011) twn
Name Synonym	ccr4 (Pesin and Orr-Weaver, 2007) twin
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0039166 FBgn0039168 FBgn0045815 FBgn0051137
References ( 52 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 52 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 21 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 2 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 13 ) Abstract  ( 2 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 4 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 3 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 6 )
	Ellis and Carney, 2011, Genetics 187(1): 157--169 Socially-Responsive Gene Expression in Male Drosophila melanogaster Is Influenced by the Sex of the Interacting Partner. [FBrf0212780] Igreja and Izaurralde, 2011, Genes Dev. 25(18): 1955--1967 CUP promotes deadenylation and inhibits decapping of mRNA targets. [FBrf0216681] Haas et al., 2010, J. Cell Biol. 189(2): 289--302 HPat provides a link between deadenylation and decapping in metazoa. [FBrf0210604] Jäger and Dorner, 2010, RNA Biol. 7(3): 381--385 The decapping activator HPat a novel factor co-purifying with GW182 from Drosophila cells. [FBrf0212181] Rouget et al., 2010, Nature 467(7319): 1128--1132 Maternal mRNA deadenylation and decay by the piRNA pathway in the early Drosophila embryo. [FBrf0212183] Temme et al., 2010, RNA 16(7): 1356--1370 Subunits of the Drosophila CCR4-NOT complex and their roles in mRNA deadenylation. [FBrf0211004] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...