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Gene Dmel\dhd

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\dhd	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	deadhead	Annotation symbol	CG4193
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0011761
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	5 publicly available
Also Known As	DmTrx-1
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map	1-
Cytogenetic map	4F4-4F4	Sequence location	X:5,206,387..5,207,158 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene deadhead is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\dhd (CG4193, FBgn0011761). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: disulfide oxidoreductase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: response to DNA damage stimulus. 18 alleles are reported. No phenotypic data is available. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Thioredoxin; Thioredoxin domain; Thioredoxin, conserved site; Thioredoxin-like fold. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of extremely high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1636303_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of dhd. Gene sequence location is X:5206387..5207158.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 4F4-4F4   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP425 and P{EP}CG3249EP1400
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 4F1-4F2     (Salz, 1994.8.11) 4F1-4F2   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Salz et al., 1994)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	1- (Salz, 1994.8.11)
Left of (cM)	l(1)4Fb (Salz, 1994.12.6)
Right of (cM)	snf (Salz, 1994.12.6)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\dhd for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.50 Gene model supported by multiple BLAST hits even though it is not the longest possible cds in the transcript.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) dhd-RA FBtr0070749  NM_078491   772   107
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.0 (northern blot) (Salz et al., 1994)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein dhd-PA   FBpp0070717   12.4   107   9.94     NP_511046   AAF46019
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	107 (aa) (Salz et al., 1994)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Thioredoxin-like fold (IPR012336) Thioredoxin domain (IPR013766) Thioredoxin, conserved site (IPR017937) Thioredoxin (IPR005746)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA264158   AA438802   AA441513   AA820396   AE014298 AAF46019   AI239173   AI455413   AI456794   AI511868   AI512863   AY118929 AAM50789   AY231790   BG639172   BI165743   BI166226   BI166265   BI166994   BI167130   BI167613   BI167920   BI168200   BI168748   BI169113   BI172396   BI172461   BI172553   BI212841   BI214902   BI215536   BI227777   BI229644   BI230127   BI237549   BI237685   BI238247   BI238635   BI239086   BI240832   BI242768   BI243031   BI356331   BI357355   BI363151   BI363787   BI364915   BI365350   BI368123   BI368175   BI369596   BI369677   BI372176   BI482089   BI577280   BI578010   BI578026   BI580196   BQ102831   BQ103419   BQ103519   CO177379   CO190401   CO269371   CO272210   CO293165   CO299902   CO300463   CO316738   CO320934   EC057333   EC058199   EC197846   EC198189   EC211092   EC220002   EC224224   EC226922   EC227717   EC229929   EL883203   EL883204   EV575106   EV575499   EV575573   EV575595   EV575701   EV577705   EV577835   EV578213   EV578503   EV579839   EV580625   EV580766   EV580863   EV580884   EV582009   EV582205   EV582873   EV582906   EV583539   EV583563   EV584365   EV585517   EV585609   EV586669   EV588244   EV588834   EV588948   EV589254   EV589559   EV589740   EV589988   EV590763   EV590837   EV591064   EV591847   EV591905   EV591967   EV592252   EV592515   EV593301   EV593387   EV594925   EV594958   EV595237   EV595250   EV596417   EV596735   EV597716   EV598123   EV598182   EV598513   EV598625   EV598672   EV599121   EV599465   EV599681   EV600060   EV600472   GH748200   GH756934   GH771307   GH775480   GH780120   GH780562   GH782573   GH782960   GH785587   GH785891   GH795295   GH802424   GH802951   GH803109   GH805275   GH806167   GH806519   GH806707   GH808860   GH809198   GH812122   GH813312   GH816475   GH821925   GH822494   GH827298   GH827830   GH841036   GH849269   GH851042   GH851262   GH857385   GH857940   GH858322   GH858374   GH859516   GH860674   GH861429   GH865756   GH865819   GH867004   GH867214   GH868074   GH878686   GH886803   GH888246   GH889014   GH892134   GH893972   GH894189   GH901323   GH908904   GH914025   GH919477   GH920651   GH921827   GH927094   GH927374   GH928177   GH932135   GH933743   GH934198   GH937553   GH939043   GH939661   GH940356   L27072 AAA28937
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P47938
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:rapidly degraded pole cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   pole cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   germline cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early     (Salz et al., 1994) organism | ubiquitous   (Salz et al., 1994) P-stage | female   organism | faint   (Svensson et al., 2003) Comment:female-specific adult stage | female     (Salz et al., 1994) organism | intense   (Svensson et al., 2003) Comment:female-specific adult stage | male     (Salz et al., 1994) adult stageoogenesis stage S9 -- S14   nurse cell   (Salz et al., 1994)
Additional Descriptive Data
	dhd transcripts are more abundant in adult females than males and are localized mainly in the ovaries. They are abundant in 0-1hr embryos and steadily decline until they are no longer detectable in 4-5hr embryos. In ovaries, transcripts are first detected in stage S9 nurse cells, are abundant in nurse cells by stage S10B, and are later transported to the oocyte. dhd transcripts are uniformly distributed in early embryos but are no longer detectable after the cellular blastoderm stage. (Salz et al., 1994)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (Svensson et al., 2003)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult ovary. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    7.9 Larval Midgut    43.4 Larval Hindgut    16.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7 Larval Fat Body    24.4 Larval Salivary Gland    13.6 Larval Trachea    9.775 Larval Carcass    14.325 Adult Head    8.1 Adult Eye    13.35 Adult Brain    7.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.1 Adult Crop    24.7 Adult Midgut    4.5 Adult Hindgut    6.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    116.9 Adult Fat Body    91 Adult Salivary Gland    49.1 Adult Heart    12.775 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    80 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    43.3 Adult Ovary    3484 Adult Testis    41.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.1 Adult Carcass    293.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    7.9 Larval Midgut    43.4 Larval Hindgut    16.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7 Larval Fat Body    24.4 Larval Salivary Gland    13.6 Larval Trachea    9.775 Larval Carcass    14.325 Adult Head    8.1 Adult Eye    13.35 Adult Brain    7.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.1 Adult Crop    24.7 Adult Midgut    4.5 Adult Hindgut    6.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    116.9 Adult Fat Body    91 Adult Salivary Gland    49.1 Adult Heart    12.775 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    80 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    43.3 Adult Ovary  (3484) Adult Testis    41.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.1 Adult Carcass    293.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    7.9 Larval Midgut    43.4 Larval Hindgut    16.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7 Larval Fat Body    24.4 Larval Salivary Gland    13.6 Larval Trachea    9.775 Larval Carcass    14.325 Adult Head    8.1 Adult Eye    13.35 Adult Brain    7.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.1 Adult Crop    24.7 Adult Midgut    4.5 Adult Hindgut    6.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    116.9 Adult Fat Body    91 Adult Salivary Gland    49.1 Adult Heart    12.775 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    80 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    43.3 Adult Ovary  (3484) Adult Testis    41.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.1 Adult Carcass    293.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    7.9 Larval Midgut    43.4 Larval Hindgut    16.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7 Larval Fat Body    24.4 Larval Salivary Gland    13.6 Larval Trachea    9.775 Larval Carcass    14.325 Adult Head    8.1 Adult Eye    13.35 Adult Brain    7.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.1 Adult Crop    24.7 Adult Midgut    4.5 Adult Hindgut    6.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    116.9 Adult Fat Body    91 Adult Salivary Gland    49.1 Adult Heart    12.775 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    80 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    43.3 Adult Ovary    3484 Adult Testis    41.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.1 Adult Carcass    293.6 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    7.9 Larval Midgut    43.4 Larval Hindgut    16.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7 Larval Fat Body    24.4 Larval Salivary Gland    13.6 Larval Trachea    9.775 Larval Carcass    14.325 Adult Head    8.1 Adult Eye    13.35 Adult Brain    7.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.1 Adult Crop    24.7 Adult Midgut    4.5 Adult Hindgut    6.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    116.9 Adult Fat Body    91 Adult Salivary Gland    49.1 Adult Heart    12.775 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    80 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    43.3 Adult Ovary    3484 Adult Testis    41.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.1 Adult Carcass    293.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    7.9 Larval Midgut    43.4 Larval Hindgut    16.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7 Larval Fat Body    24.4 Larval Salivary Gland    13.6 Larval Trachea    9.775 Larval Carcass    14.325 Adult Head    8.1 Adult Eye    13.35 Adult Brain    7.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.1 Adult Crop    24.7 Adult Midgut    4.5 Adult Hindgut    6.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    116.9 Adult Fat Body    91 Adult Salivary Gland    49.1 Adult Heart    12.775 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    80 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    43.3 Adult Ovary  (3484) Adult Testis    41.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.1 Adult Carcass    293.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    7.9 Larval Midgut    43.4 Larval Hindgut    16.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7 Larval Fat Body    24.4 Larval Salivary Gland    13.6 Larval Trachea    9.775 Larval Carcass    14.325 Adult Head    8.1 Adult Eye    13.35 Adult Brain    7.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.1 Adult Crop    24.7 Adult Midgut    4.5 Adult Hindgut    6.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    116.9 Adult Fat Body    91 Adult Salivary Gland    49.1 Adult Heart    12.775 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    80 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    43.3 Adult Ovary  (3484) Adult Testis    41.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.1 Adult Carcass    293.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    7.9 Larval Midgut    43.4 Larval Hindgut    16.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7 Larval Fat Body    24.4 Larval Salivary Gland    13.6 Larval Trachea    9.775 Larval Carcass    14.325 Adult Head    8.1 Adult Eye    13.35 Adult Brain    7.2 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    13.1 Adult Crop    24.7 Adult Midgut    4.5 Adult Hindgut    6.8 Adult Malpighian Tubules    116.9 Adult Fat Body    91 Adult Salivary Gland    49.1 Adult Heart    12.775 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    80 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    43.3 Adult Ovary    3484 Adult Testis    41.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    12.1 Adult Carcass    293.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    8.1   NA  Eye    no informative data   NA  Brain    7.2   7.9  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    no informative data   NA  Crop    no informative data   no informative data  Midgut    4.5   no informative data  Hindgut    6.8   7  Malpighian Tubules    no informative data   no informative data  Fat Body    91   no informative data  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    no informative data   9.775  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    80   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    no informative data   NA  Ovary    3484   NA  Testis    41.1   NA  Male Accessory Gland    no informative data   no informative data  Carcass    293.6 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    6 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    1 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    22 digestive system, 4-day adult    105 digestive system, 20-day adult    39 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    26 carcass, 4-day adult    83 carcass, 20-day adult    40 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1633 ovary, mated 4-day female    1951 testis, mated 4-day male    6 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    6 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    1 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    22 digestive system, 4-day adult  (105) digestive system, 20-day adult  (39) fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult  26 carcass, 4-day adult  (83) carcass, 20-day adult  (40) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (1633) ovary, mated 4-day female  (1951) testis, mated 4-day male    6 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    6 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    1 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    22 digestive system, 4-day adult  105 digestive system, 20-day adult    39 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    26 carcass, 4-day adult    83 carcass, 20-day adult    40 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (1633) ovary, mated 4-day female  (1951) testis, mated 4-day male    6 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    6 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    1 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    22 digestive system, 4-day adult    105 digestive system, 20-day adult    39 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    26 carcass, 4-day adult    83 carcass, 20-day adult    40 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1633 ovary, mated 4-day female    1951 testis, mated 4-day male    6 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    6 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    1 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    22 digestive system, 4-day adult    105 digestive system, 20-day adult    39 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    26 carcass, 4-day adult    83 carcass, 20-day adult    40 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1633 ovary, mated 4-day female    1951 testis, mated 4-day male    6 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    6 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    1 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    22 digestive system, 4-day adult  (105) digestive system, 20-day adult  (39) fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult  26 carcass, 4-day adult  (83) carcass, 20-day adult  (40) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (1633) ovary, mated 4-day female  (1951) testis, mated 4-day male    6 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    6 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    1 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    22 digestive system, 4-day adult  105 digestive system, 20-day adult    39 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    26 carcass, 4-day adult    83 carcass, 20-day adult    40 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (1633) ovary, mated 4-day female  (1951) testis, mated 4-day male    6 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    2 central nervous system, larvae L3    0 central nervous system, pupae P8    1 head, virgin 1-day female    2 head, virgin 4-day female    6 head, virgin 20-day female    0 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    0 head, mated 20-day female    2 head, mated 1-day male    1 head, mated 4-day male    0 head, mated 20-day male    5 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    0 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    22 digestive system, 4-day adult    105 digestive system, 20-day adult    39 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    0 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    26 carcass, 4-day adult    83 carcass, 20-day adult    40 ovary, virgin 4-day female    1633 ovary, mated 4-day female    1951 testis, mated 4-day male    6 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of extremely high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4383 embryo 02-04hr    139 embryo 04-06hr    82 embryo 06-08hr    34 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    18 embryo 12-14hr    17 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    1 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    22 adult male 01day    6 adult male 05day    4 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    1112 adult female 05day    2976 adult female 30day    2726 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (4383) embryo 02-04hr  (139) embryo 04-06hr  (82) embryo 06-08hr  (34) embryo 08-10hr  (43) embryo 10-12hr    18 embryo 12-14hr    17 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    1 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    22 adult male 01day    6 adult male 05day    4 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day  (1112) adult female 05day  (2976) adult female 30day  (2726) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (4383) embryo 02-04hr  (139) embryo 04-06hr    82 embryo 06-08hr    34 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    18 embryo 12-14hr    17 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    1 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    22 adult male 01day    6 adult male 05day    4 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day  (1112) adult female 05day  (2976) adult female 30day  (2726) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4383 embryo 02-04hr    139 embryo 04-06hr    82 embryo 06-08hr    34 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    18 embryo 12-14hr    17 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    1 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    22 adult male 01day    6 adult male 05day    4 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    1112 adult female 05day    2976 adult female 30day    2726 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4383 embryo 02-04hr    139 embryo 04-06hr    82 embryo 06-08hr    34 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    18 embryo 12-14hr    17 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    1 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    22 adult male 01day    6 adult male 05day    4 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    1112 adult female 05day    2976 adult female 30day    2726 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (4383) embryo 02-04hr  (139) embryo 04-06hr  (82) embryo 06-08hr  (34) embryo 08-10hr  (43) embryo 10-12hr    18 embryo 12-14hr    17 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    1 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    22 adult male 01day    6 adult male 05day    4 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day  (1112) adult female 05day  (2976) adult female 30day  (2726) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (4383) embryo 02-04hr  139 embryo 04-06hr    82 embryo 06-08hr    34 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    18 embryo 12-14hr    17 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    1 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    22 adult male 01day    6 adult male 05day    4 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day  (1112) adult female 05day  (2976) adult female 30day  (2726) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    4383 embryo 02-04hr    139 embryo 04-06hr    82 embryo 06-08hr    34 embryo 08-10hr    43 embryo 10-12hr    18 embryo 12-14hr    17 embryo 14-16hr    18 embryo 16-18hr    6 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    6 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    1 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    1 pupae 2d postWPP    4 pupae 3d postWPP    3 pupae 4d postWPP    22 adult male 01day    6 adult male 05day    4 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    1112 adult female 05day    2976 adult female 30day    2726 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    1 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    9 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    1 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    9 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    1 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    9 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    1 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    9 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    1 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    9 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    1 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    9 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    1 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    9 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    1 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    7 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    9 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    235 cold shock, 4-day adult    117 heat shock, 4-day adult    492 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    427 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1306 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    652 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    181 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    862 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1397 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    326 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    890 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    561 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (235) cold shock, 4-day adult  (117) heat shock, 4-day adult  (492) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (427) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (1306) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (652) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (181) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (862) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (1397) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (326) Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (890) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (561) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (235) cold shock, 4-day adult  (117) heat shock, 4-day adult  (492) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (427) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (1306) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (652) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (181) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (862) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (1397) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (326) Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (890) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (561) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    235 cold shock, 4-day adult    117 heat shock, 4-day adult    492 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    427 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1306 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    652 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    181 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    862 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1397 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    326 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    890 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    561 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    235 cold shock, 4-day adult    117 heat shock, 4-day adult    492 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    427 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1306 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    652 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    181 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    862 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1397 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    326 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    890 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    561 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (235) cold shock, 4-day adult  (117) heat shock, 4-day adult  (492) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (427) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (1306) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (652) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (181) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (862) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (1397) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (326) Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (890) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (561) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (235) cold shock, 4-day adult  117 heat shock, 4-day adult  (492) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (427) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (1306) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (652) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (181) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (862) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (1397) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (326) Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (890) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (561) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    235 cold shock, 4-day adult    117 heat shock, 4-day adult    492 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    427 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1306 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    652 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    181 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    862 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1397 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    326 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    890 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    561 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_13
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • LD23983 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0011761 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4193-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for dhd Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 7-8
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive dhdJ5 dhdP2 dhdP8 lethal | recessive dhdJ210 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 dhdGD11245 Sterility Allele female sterile dhdJ5 dhdJ210 dhdJA2 dhdP8 dhdPR110 Other Phenotypes Allele visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 dhdGD11245 wild-type dhd+t4.8 dhd+t5.5 dhdhs.PP Phenotype manifest in Allele blastoderm embryo | maternal effect dhdJ5 dhdP8 cephalopharyngeal skeleton | maternal effect dhdJ5 dhdP8 chaeta | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 dhdGD11245 embryo | maternal effect dhdJ5 dhdP8 embryonic head | maternal effect dhdJ5 dhdP8 gastrula embryo | maternal effect dhdJ5 dhdP8 lateral process | maternal effect dhdJ5 dhdP8 polar body nucleus | maternal effect dhdJ5 dhdP8 pronucleus | maternal effect dhdJ5 dhdP8
Classical Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of dhd Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion dhdJ5 amorphic allele - genetic evidence Delta2-3 0 Yes dhdJ210 Delta2-3 0 Yes dhdJA2 Delta2-3 0 Yes dhdP2 Delta2-3 0 -- dhdP8 P-element activity Delta2-3 0 Yes dhdPR110 Delta2-3 0 Yes dhdunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of dhd Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion dhd+t5.5 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 2 Yes dhdGD11245 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes dhdGL01285 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes dhdKK106665 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes dhd+t4.8 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes dhdC31S.C34S.hs in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes dhdhs.PP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes dhdScer\UAS.cUa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes dhdT:Avic\GFP-ECFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes dhdtSa in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes dhdtSb 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)DEB4D (Salz et al., 1994) Df(1)dhd81 (Salz et al., 1994) Df(1)J210 (Flickinger and Salz, 1994, Salz and Flickinger, 1996) Df(1)JA2 (Flickinger and Salz, 1994, Salz and Flickinger, 1996) Df(1)PR110 (Flickinger and Salz, 1994)
Partially disrupted in	Df(1)J5 (Svensson et al., 2003)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data heat-shock construct P{hsp70::dhd+} NA P{hsp70::dhdC31S/C34S} NA UAS construct P{GD11245} NA P{KK106665} NA P{TRiP.GL01285} NA P{UAS-dhd.U} NA characterization construct P{dhd4.8} NA P{dhd-ECFP.S} NA P{snf+,dhd+} NA P{snf+} NA P{TrxT-EYFP.S} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}dhdP2 No P{lacW}dhdP8 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 9 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
disulfide oxidoreductase activity inferred from direct assay (Kanzok et al., 2001)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
response to DNA damage stimulus inferred from mutant phenotype (Ravi et al., 2009)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (Svensson et al., 2003)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 8 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
disulfide oxidoreductase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Salz, 1994.8.11, FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1996.2.1) electron carrier activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005746 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005746 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cell redox homeostasis inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005746, InterPro:IPR013766, InterPro:IPR017937 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) embryo development non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1996.2.1) female meiosis non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1996.2.1) glycerol ether metabolic process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005746 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus non-traceable author statement (Svensson et al., 2003)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
dhd - ATPsyn-γ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Arf79F anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Atpα anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - CG1129 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - CG1444 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - CG4612 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - CG6701 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - CG9281 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Chc anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Gale anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Gie anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Imp anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - ImpL3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Int6 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Kap-α3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - KdelR anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Mec2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Nacα anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - R anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Rab1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Rab5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Rab6 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Rap2l anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Rbp1-like anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - Rpb8 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - eIF-5A anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - hts anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - mRpL55 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - mRpS28 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) dhd - qkr58E-3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions dhd allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57954 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0011761 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0011761 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31444
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (37) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6NKCGB Dipteran inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Insect inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Arthropod inclusive ortholog search No orthologs identified Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG66HV6J
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6NKCGB)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\dhd     Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\dhd Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\dhd Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\dhd Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\dhd Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL14110     Drosophila persimilis   Dper\dhd Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\dhd3     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\dhd2b     Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ16853     Drosophila virilis   Dvir\dhd Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\dhd Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI14472     Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI14905     Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\dhd Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (None identified)
No non-Drosophilid orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (None identified)
No non-Dipteran orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (None identified)
No non-Insect Arthropod orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG66HV6J)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\trx-1 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\Y55F3AR.2 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\txl Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\trx-4 Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_017485gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_001513gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_017484gn Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\DKEY-265K11.1 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\txnl1 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000044125 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\txn Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\txnl1 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\LOC100170420 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\ENSXETG00000031822 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TXN Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TXNL1 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Txn1 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Txnl1 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Txn Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Txnl1 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TXNL1 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\TXN Y
Human Orthologs (2)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\TXNL1     Hsap\TXN
AAA Orthologs (9) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila sechellia Dsec\dhd Drosophila erecta Dere\dhd Drosophila yakuba Dyak\dhd Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\dhd Drosophila persimilis Dper\dhd Drosophila willistoni Dwil\dhd1 Drosophila virilis Dvir\dhd Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\dhd Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\dhd
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 5 )
Bloomington	41857 y1 v1; P{TRiP.GL01285}attP2 4557 Df(1)JB254, P{snf+,dhd+}SL2, w*/FM7c
Kyoto	107796 Df(1)JB254, P{snf+,dhd+}SL2, w*/FM7c
VDRC	v105924 P{KK106665}VIE-260B v21811 w1118; P{GD11245}v21811
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR01M22 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 200 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD23983
Other clones	DPiM_LD23983
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GM04745 GM14928 LD07795 LD13158 LD16478 LD36925 LD43416 LD44938 LD46032 RE05689 RE06290 RE06331 RE07259 RE07449 RE08035 RE08422 RE08783 RE09605 RE10091 RE14864 RE14959 RE15077 RE18086 RE21051 RE22059 RE25008 RE27467 RE33793 RE33959 RE34654 RE35139 RE35483 RE37767 RE40187 RE40563 RE42447 RE43820 RE47895 RE48733 RE50116 RE50633 RE54040 RE54094 RE55825 RE55940 RE59068 RE64740 RE70940 RE71803 RE71822 RE74344
Other clones	7785 13484 50832 73274 162281 184096 CK01.15C.B12 CK01.59B.C2 CK01.65C.D3 CK01.123D.B2 Dmel_dig_001132_0686_1926 Dmel_dig_002975_0684_0405 Dmel_dig_004215_0672_3613 Dmel_dig_005325_0685_3656 Dmel_dig_006045_0603_0376 Dmel_dig_007685_0697_3578 Dmel_dig_008787_0700_0652 Dmel_dig_009031_0647_0457 Dmel_dig_010977_0638_0559 Dmel_dig_012153_0659_0750 Dmel_dig_013251_0600_1345 Dmel_dig_014769_0711_2242 Dmel_dig_015012_0593_1646 Dmel_dig_015240_0704_0664 Dmel_dig_015540_0679_0831 Dmel_dig_015826_0711_2960 Dmel_dig_017111_0613_2813 Dmel_dig_017301_0662_1548 Dmel_dig_017879_0664_2173 Dmel_dig_018055_0641_2882 Dmel_dig_019199_0646_0921 Dmel_dig_019796_0591_2255 Dmel_dig_020397_0634_3290 Dmel_neb_002602_0076_3676 Dmel_neb_002819_0899_0384 Dmel_neb_008205_0090_3525 Dmel_neb_008710_0432_1170 Dmel_neb_009554_0657_1136 Dmel_neb_010308_0671_3381 Dmel_neb_010806_0586_2015 Dmel_neb_011093_0828_0586 Dmel_neb_011293_0620_0658 Dmel_neb_011362_0834_3049 Dmel_neb_012062_0357_1845 Dmel_neb_012078_0946_2091 Dmel_neb_012196_0375_3433 Dmel_neb_012202_0416_3339 Dmel_neb_012307_0943_2558 Dmel_neb_013577_0622_1913 Dmel_neb_013797_0665_2649 Dmel_neb_013948_0883_1424 Dmel_neb_014024_0875_1357 Dmel_neb_014285_0829_2598 Dmel_neb_014431_0079_2831 Dmel_neb_014927_0207_0726 Dmel_neb_014992_0596_0367 Dmel_neb_015017_0925_2192 Dmel_neb_015415_0378_1581 Dmel_neb_015429_0629_1571 Dmel_neb_015513_0676_2601 Dmel_neb_015516_0651_1812 Dmel_neb_015608_0380_0394 Dmel_neb_015793_0947_3199 Dmel_neb_015877_0426_1296 Dmel_neb_015900_0425_1293 Dmel_neb_016141_0951_2078 Dmel_neb_016312_0908_0943 Dmel_neb_016452_0899_3253 EK048041 EK053314 EK094237 EK106253 EK176861 EK178238 EK201952 EK265745 EK288841 IP12916 RP003009834 RP003018339 RP003025045 RP003028201 RP003035498 RP003036683 RP003048381 RP003050672 RP003066770 RP003069362 RP003100233 RP003106104 RP003114382 RP003117647 RP003125724 RP003128396 RP003136980 RP003139608 RP003142088 RP003147118 RP003160734 RP003178535 RP003206458 RP003214325 RP003218518 RP003223039 RP003231732 RP003236820 RP003247512 RP003254604 RP003259028 RP003272781 RP003273633 RP003281115 RP003300905 RP003316442 RP003319890 RP003329427 RP003329662 RP003334593 RP003389761 RP003396782 RP003401904 RP003407258 RP003407470 RP003416612 RP003420019 RP003486424 RP003509690 RP003516318 RP003528549 RP003535146 RP003542621 RP003554473 RP003555930 RP003567674 RP003592422 RP003596867 RP003622763 RP003628084 RP003629906 RP003645846 RP003659857 RP003663348 RP003672269 RP003678014 UUGC0222 UUGC0824 UUGC0926
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0011761 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31444
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: dhd CG4193 (Zhong, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Trx-2 not dhd is the substrate of Jafrac1. (Bauer et al., 2002) dhd function is dependent on its enzymatic activity. dhd does not suppress mutations that inappropriately synthesise DNA, contrary to expectations, dhd is not essential for DNA metabolism. (Pellicena-Palle et al., 1997) Phenotypic and molecular analysis of dhd suggests that dhd is essential for female meiosis and preblastoderm mitosis. (Salz et al., 1994)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_078491 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_511046 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA820396 AAA28937 AAF46019 AAM50789 AI455413 AY118929 L27072 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31444 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P47938
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Thioredoxin-like fold (IPR012336) Thioredoxin domain (IPR013766) Thioredoxin, conserved site (IPR017937) Thioredoxin (IPR005746) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • LD23983
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 57954 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0011761 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0011761 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0011761 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0011761 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4193-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0011761 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31444 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31444 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0011761
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	4193 (Ravi et al., 2009) CG4193 (Toledano-Katchalski et al., 2007, Qin et al., 2005, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) dhd (Umeda-Kameyama et al., 2007, Mukai et al., 2006, Svensson et al., 2007, Svensson et al., 2003, List et al., 2009, Qin et al., 2005, Svensson and Larsson, 2007, Tsuda et al., 2010, Janic et al., 2010, Parisi et al., 2004, Takács et al., 2012, Humphrey et al., 2012) Dhd (McDermott et al., 2012) Dmdhd (Svensson et al., 2007) Dmeldhd (Svensson et al., 2007) DmTrx-1 (Bauer et al., 2002, Kanzok et al., 2001) Trx-1 (Missirlis et al., 2002)
Name Synonym	deadhead (Mukai et al., 2006, Svensson et al., 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Qin et al., 2005, Svensson and Larsson, 2007, Svensson et al., 2003, Janic et al., 2010, Humphrey et al., 2012) thioredoxin (Jasper et al., 2002) thioredoxin-like (Salz, 1994.8.11)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 56 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 56 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 34 ) Supplementary material  ( 3 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 7 ) Abstract  ( 3 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 3 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Humphrey et al., 2012, Hum. Mol. Genet. 21(12): 2698--2712 Alternative oxidase rescues mitochondria-mediated dopaminergic cell loss in Drosophila. [FBrf0218424] McDermott et al., 2012, Biol. Open 1(5): 488--497 Drosophila Syncrip binds the gurken mRNA localisation signal and regulates localised transcripts during axis specification. [FBrf0218722] Takács et al., 2012, Int. J. Biol. Sci. 8(7): 1055--1061 Protein interactions on telomeric retrotransposons in Drosophila. [FBrf0219367] Show all research papers ...