FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Rh5
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Rh5
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Rhodopsin 5
Annotation Symbol
CG5279
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0014019
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
11 publicly available
Gene Summary
Rhodopsin 5 (Rh5) encodes a visual GPCR opsin that covalently binds the chromophore retinal. A photon of light stimulates the isomerization of retinal resulting in a conformational change in the product of Rh5 and signal activation. Its peak sensitivity is in the blue and it is expressed in a subclass of R8 photoreceptors. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

rhodopsin

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
33B8-33B8
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-45
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:12008153..12009832
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (15 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:ninaE; FB:FBgn0002940
(Salcedo et al., 1999)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008398221
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
non-traceable author statement
(Pichaud et al., 1999)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Rh3; FB:FBgn0003249
(Papatsenko et al., 1997, Chou et al., 1996)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Rh4; FB:FBgn0003250
(Papatsenko et al., 1997, Chou et al., 1996)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:ninaE; FB:FBgn0002940
(Chou et al., 1996)
enables G protein-coupled receptor activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000276
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (10 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in absorption of visible light
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Salcedo et al., 2003)
involved_in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Rh6; FB:FBgn0019940,FLYBASE:cry; FB:FBgn0025680
(Szular et al., 2012)
(Szular et al., 2012)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:cry; FB:FBgn0025680,FLYBASE:norpA; FB:FBgn0262738
(Szular et al., 2012)
involved_in phototransduction
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:ninaE; FB:FBgn0002940
(Salcedo et al., 1999, Chou et al., 1996)
involved_in response to light stimulus
inferred from direct assay
(Keene et al., 2011)
involved_in sensory perception of sound
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Senthilan et al., 2012)
involved_in thermotaxis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sokabe et al., 2016)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in cellular response to light stimulus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008398221
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000276, InterPro:IPR001760
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008398221
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in phototransduction
non-traceable author statement
(Montell, 1999)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Rh3; FB:FBgn0003249
(Papatsenko et al., 1997, Chou et al., 1996)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Rh4; FB:FBgn0003250
(Papatsenko et al., 1997, Chou et al., 1996)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:ninaE; FB:FBgn0002940
(Chou et al., 1996)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008398221
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in UV-A, blue light phototransduction
non-traceable author statement
(Pichaud et al., 1999)
involved_in visual perception
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001760
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in rhabdomere
inferred from direct assay
(Salcedo et al., 1999, Chou et al., 1996)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in membrane
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:ninaE; FB:FBgn0002940
(Chou et al., 1996)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Rh3; FB:FBgn0003249
(Papatsenko et al., 1997, Chou et al., 1996)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Rh4; FB:FBgn0003250
(Papatsenko et al., 1997, Chou et al., 1996)
located_in membrane
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000276, InterPro:IPR001760, InterPro:IPR017452
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
is_active_in plasma membrane
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008398221
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily. (P91657)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Rhodopsin 5 (Rh5) encodes a visual GPCR opsin that covalently binds the chromophore retinal. A photon of light stimulates the isomerization of retinal resulting in a conformational change in the product of Rh5 and signal activation. Its peak sensitivity is in the blue and it is expressed in a subclass of R8 photoreceptors. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
RHODOPSINS -
Rhodopsins, visual photoreceptors, are Class A GPCRs composed of the seven transmembrane protein (opsin) covalently linked to the chromophore retinal. A photon of light stimulates the isomerization of retinal resulting in a conformational change in opsin and activation of an intracellular heterotrimeric G protein. Different rhodopsins are activated at different peak wavelengths. (Adapted from FBrf0218480 & FBrf0217353).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Visual pigments are the light-absorbing molecules that mediate vision. They consist of an apoprotein, opsin, covalently linked to cis-retinal.
(UniProt, P91657)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Rh5 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P91657)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.51

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Rh5-RA
FBtr0080291
NM_057748
1347
382
Rh5-RB
FBtr0342591
NM_001298930
1572
382
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

1.4 (northern blot)

(Chou et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Rh5-PA
FBpp0079875
42.7
382
7.83
P91657
NP_477096
AAF53145
Rh5-PB
FBpp0309539
42.7
382
7.83
P91657
NP_001285859
AHN54373
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

382 aa isoforms: Rh5-PA, Rh5-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

382 (aa); 43 (kD predicted)

(Papatsenko et al., 1997)

382 (aa)

(Chou et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Post Translational Modification

Phosphorylated on some or all of the serine and threonine residues present in the C-terminal region.

(UniProt, P91657)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Rh5 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.40

Transcript Expression
expression microarray
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
eye
(Xu et al., 2004)
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
photoreceptor cell R8
(Papatsenko et al., 1997)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Chou et al., 1996)
Additional Descriptive Data

Eye-enriched transcripts determined by ratio of expression level in wild-type heads. versus expression level in so heads.

(Xu et al., 2004)

Rh5 is expressed in a subset of R8 photoreceptor cells. It is specifically expressed in R8 cells underlying Rh3-expressing R7 cells but never under Rh4-expressing R7 cells.

(Papatsenko et al., 1997)

Rh5 transcripts are detected in RNA from adult heads but not bodies on northern blots.

(Chou et al., 1996)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 16 -- 17
Rh5 photoreceptor of Bolwig organ
(Sprecher et al., 2007)
larval stage
Bolwig organ
(Rosenbaum et al., 2011)
Rh5 photoreceptor of Bolwig organ
(Sprecher et al., 2007)
third instar larval stage
Rh5 photoreceptor of Bolwig organ
(Yamanaka et al., 2013)
pupal stage
photoreceptor cell R8
(Hsiao et al., 2012)
adult stage
photoreceptor cell R8
(Chou et al., 1996)
photoreceptor cell R8 | restricted
(Birkholz et al., 2009)
photoreceptor neuron | subset
(Bernardo-Garcia et al., 2016)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data

Rh5 is expressed in 29% of R8 cells.

(Birkholz et al., 2009)

Rh5 begins to be expressed in larval photoreceptors at embryonic 16,17 and expression continues throughout the larval stages. Rh5 is expressed in 3-4 of the larval photoreceptors and the remaining photoreceptors express Rh6.

(Sprecher et al., 2007)

Rh5 expression is limited to a subset of the R8 photoreceptor cells. It was known previously that Rh3 is expressed in a subset of R7 photoreceptors cells. It was found here that there is a precise pairing of Rh3 and Rh5 expression within the R7 and R8 cells of individual ommatidia.

(Chou et al., 1996)
Marker for
 
Rh5 photoreceptor of Bolwig organ
(Yamanaka et al., 2013)
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in rhabdomere
inferred from direct assay
(Salcedo et al., 1999, Chou et al., 1996)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Rh5 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 9 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 19 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Rh5
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Rh5
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)Exel6031
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location ( 7 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (89)
Hsap\OPN4
5 of 14
Yes
No
1  
Hsap\ADRB2
2 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\GALR1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GALR2
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HRH2
2 of 14
No
Yes
2  
Hsap\HTR1F
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HTR4
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HTR6
2 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\MTNR1B
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\RRH
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ADORA1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ADORA2A
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\ADORA2B
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\ADORA3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ADRA1A
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ADRA1B
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ADRA1D
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ADRB1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\AGTR1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\APLNR
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\BRS3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\C5AR1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CCKAR
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CCKBR
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CCR1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CCR2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CCR4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CNR1
1 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\CXCR5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CXCR6
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\DRD1
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\DRD2
1 of 14
No
No
8  
Hsap\DRD5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\EDNRA
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\EDNRB
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\F2RL1
1 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\GALR3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GHSR
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GPR21
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GPR22
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\GPR45
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\GPR50
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GPR52
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\GPR161
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\HCAR2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\HCRTR2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HRH1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HTR1A
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HTR1B
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\HTR1E
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HTR5A
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\HTR7
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\MCHR1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MTNR1A
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NMBR
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NMUR2
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\NPBWR1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NPFFR1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NPFFR2
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\NPY1R
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NPY2R
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NPY4R2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NPY4R
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPN1LW
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPN1MW2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPN1MW3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPN1MW
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPN1SW
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPN3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPN5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPRK1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\OPRL1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\OPRM1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\OR11A1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\P2RY1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\QRFPR
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\RGR
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\RHO
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SSTR1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SSTR2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SSTR4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SSTR5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TAAR1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TAAR5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TACR1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\TACR2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TACR3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TRHR
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\XCR1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (39)
Rnor\Opn4
5 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Rrh
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adora1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adora2a
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adora2b
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adora3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adra1a
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adra2b
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adrb1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Adrb2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Chrm3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Drd2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Galr1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Galr2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Galr3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hrh1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Hrh2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Htr1a
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Htr1f
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Htr4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Htr6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC100911796
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Mtnr1b
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Npbwr1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Npffr2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Npy1r
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Opn1mw
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Opn1sw
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Opn3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Opn5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Oprm1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pgr15l
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rgr
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rho
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Sstr1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Sstr4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Taar3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Taar4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Trhr
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (38)
Mmus\Opn4
5 of 14
Yes
No
1  
Mmus\Rrh
2 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Adora1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adora2a
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adora2b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adora3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adra1a
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adra2b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adrb1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Adrb2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Drd2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Galr1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Galr2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Galr3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hrh1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Hrh2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Htr1a
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Htr1f
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Htr4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Htr6
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Mtnr1a
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Mtnr1b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Npbwr1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Npffr2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Npy1r
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Npy6r
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Opn1mw
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Opn1sw
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Opn3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Opn5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Oprm1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pgr15l
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rgr
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Rho
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Sstr1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Sstr4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Taar4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Trhr
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (79)
Xtro\adora2a
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\adora2b
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\adora3.1
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\adrb2
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\galr1
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\galr2
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\galr3
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\LOC100490372
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\LOC101734771
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\prlhr
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\rrh
2 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\ackr4
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\adora1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\adora3.2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\adra1a
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\adra1d
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\adra2b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\adra2c
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\agtr2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\aplnr
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\bdkrb2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\brs3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\c5ar1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\ccr3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\drd1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ednrb
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\f2rl1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\ghsr
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gnrhr2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gpr22
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\gpr25
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\gpr83
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\gpr161
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\gpr173
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\hrh4.b2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\hrh4.d1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\htr1e
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\htr2c
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\htr5a
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\htr7
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\kiss1r
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\kissr1b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\kissr2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100489056
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100489992
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100495677
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\LOC105946838
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC116411706
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\mchr1.2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\mtnr1c
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\nmbr
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\npy1r
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\npy2rl
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\npy2r
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\npy4r
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\opn1lw
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\opn1sw
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\opn3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\opn4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\opn5
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\opn7b
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\opn8
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\opnpl [provisonal]
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\oprk1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\p2ry1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\qrfpr
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\rho
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\sstr2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\taar3p
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tacr1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tmtops2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tmtops.2
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\tmtops
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\trhr2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\uts2rl3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\XB982628
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\XB994602
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\XB996286
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\XB5957215
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (185)
Drer\opn4.1
5 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\opn4xb
5 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\opn4a
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn4b
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn4xa
4 of 14
No
No
Drer\adora2aa
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn1mw1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn1mw2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn1mw3
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn1mw4
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn1sw2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn7b
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\opn7c
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\opn7d
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\opn8c
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\rhol
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\rrh
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar13a
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar13b
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar13d
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar13e
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar15
2 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\adora1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\adora2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\adora4a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\adra2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\adra2c
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\adrb1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\adrb2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\adrb2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cckbra
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\drd2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\drd2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\drd3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\exorh
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\f2r2.2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\galr1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\galr1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\galr2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\galr2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\gpr78a
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\grpr
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\hrh2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\hrh2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\htr1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\htr1d
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\htr1fa
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\htr1fb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\htr4
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\htr5aa
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\htr6
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\htr7a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC561565
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC563567
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC571410
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100007535
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100149161
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\LOC100330650
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100333270
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC101884544
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC108179083
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC108179103
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC108191508
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC110437881
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC110438872
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\LOC110438873
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC110438874
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC110440076
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mtnr1bb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nmbr
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\npffr2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\npy2rl
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\npy8ar
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\npy8br
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn1lw1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn1lw2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn1sw1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\opn5
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn6a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn6b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn7a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn8a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn8b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\opn9
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\oprm1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\parapinopsina
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\parapinopsinb
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\parietopsin
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\rgra
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rgrb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rho
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rxfp3.3a1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\rxfp3.3a2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch211-139n6.11
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:ch211-238p8.18
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:ch211-238p8.24
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch211-238p8.31
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:ch211-238p8.35
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:dkey-181m19.17
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:dkey-246e3.4
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:dkey-247m21.3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\sstr1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar12a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar12b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar12c
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar12e
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar12f
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar12g
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar12h
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar12i
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar12j
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar13c
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14a
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14d
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14e
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14f
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14g
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14h
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar14i
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14j
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar14l
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar16f
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar16g
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar17a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18c
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18d
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18e
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18g
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18h
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18i
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar18j
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar19c
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19d
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19e
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar19g
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19h
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19j
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19k
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19l
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19m
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19n
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar19o
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar19p
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19q
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19s
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19t
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar19u
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20a1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20b1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar20c1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20c
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20d1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20h
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20i
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20j
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20l
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar20n
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20o
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20q
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20r
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar20t
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\taar20u
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20v
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20w
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20x
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\taar20z
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tmtops2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tmtops2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tmtops3a
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tmtops3b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tmtopsa
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tmtopsb
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\trhra
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\valopa
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\valopb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\zgc:153137
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (25)
Cele\ador-1
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\dop-2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\dop-4
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\dop-6
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\gar-2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\gar-3
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\nmur-2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-1
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-3
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-4
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-5
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-6
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-8
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-13
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-22
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-25
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-34
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\npr-35
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\octr-1
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\ser-4
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\ser-7
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\tkr-1
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\tyra-2
1 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\tyra-3
1 of 14
Yes
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (37)
Agam\GPROP9
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012982
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP1
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP3
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP5
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP6
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP7
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP8
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000606
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP004122
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPR5HT1A
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPR5HT7
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRALS2
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRALS3
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRCCK2
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRDOP1
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRDOP2
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRDOP3
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRFSH
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRGHP1
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRGHP3
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRGNR1
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRLKK
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRMAC1
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRNNA2
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRNNA4
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRNNA7
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRNNA15
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRNPY1
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRNPY2
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRNPY3
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRNPY4
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP10
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP11
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPROP12
1 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\GPRSMS
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\GPRTAK1
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Rh5. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (32)
Rh3
5 of 13
Rh4
5 of 13
ninaE
4 of 13
Rh6
4 of 13
Rh2
3 of 13
Rh7
2 of 13
5-HT1A
1 of 13
5-HT1B
1 of 13
5-HT7
1 of 13
AkhR
1 of 13
AstA-R1
1 of 13
AstA-R2
1 of 13
AstC-R1
1 of 13
AstC-R2
1 of 13
CapaR
1 of 13
CG30340
1 of 13
Dop1R1
1 of 13
Dop1R2
1 of 13
Dop2R
1 of 13
Lkr
1 of 13
mAChR-A
1 of 13
mAChR-C
1 of 13
Octα2R
1 of 13
Octβ1R
1 of 13
Octβ2R
1 of 13
PK2-R1
1 of 13
RYa-R
1 of 13
SIFaR
1 of 13
TkR86C
1 of 13
TkR99D
1 of 13
TyrRII
1 of 13
TyrR
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Rh52
    model of  sensorineural hearing loss
    CEA
    (Senthilan et al., 2012)
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Rh52
    exacerbates  sensorineural hearing loss
    modeled by Rh61
    (Senthilan et al., 2012)
    model of  sensorineural hearing loss
    is exacerbated by Rh61
    (Senthilan et al., 2012)
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    OPN4; opsin 4
    5 of 14
    606665
         
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        Interaction Browsers
        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        cry|Rh5|norpA
        enhanceable
        Rh6
        (Szular et al., 2012)
        Rh5|cry
        enhanceable
        Rh6
        (Szular et al., 2012)
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        cry
        suppressible
        Rh6|Rh5
        (Ni et al., 2017)
        cry
        enhanceable
        Rh6|Rh5
        (Szular et al., 2012)
        cry|Rh6|norpA
        enhanceable
        Rh5
        (Szular et al., 2012)
        cry|Rh7
        suppressible
        Rh5
        (Ni et al., 2017)
        cry|norpA
        enhanceable
        Rh5
        (Szular et al., 2012)
        cry|norpA
        enhanceable
        Rh6|Rh5
        (Szular et al., 2012)
        ninaE
        suppressible
        Rh5
        (Shen et al., 2011, Salcedo et al., 1999, Chou et al., 1996)
        Rh6|cry
        enhanceable
        Rh5
        (Szular et al., 2012)
        External Data
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyBase
        External Links
        External Data
        Linkouts
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        Class of Gene
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        2L
        Recombination map
        2-45
        Cytogenetic map
        33B8-33B8
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        33B8-33B8
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}MESK1EP980 and P{PZ}l(2)0181001810&P{EP}CG6785EP340
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        33B1-33B14
        (Desplan, 1996.12.2)
        33B5-33B6
        (Chou, 1996.8.23)
        33B-33B
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Papatsenko et al., 1997)
        33B5-33B6
        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
        (Chou et al., 1996)
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        2-45

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        2-39.3

        (Comeron et al., 2012)

        2-

        (Desplan, 1996.12.2)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (11)
        Genomic Clones (15)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (35)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         

        monoclonal

        (Kitamata et al., 2024)

        polyclonal

        (Chou et al., 1996)
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            Rh5 is required in TrpA1-expressing neurons (located in the brain, ventral nerve cord and body well) for the normal thermal preference for 18[o]C seen in late third-instar larvae exposed to a temperature gradient.

            (Sokabe et al., 2016)

            dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene used in a cell-based RNAi assay to identify components or modifiers of the JAK/STAT pathway.

            (Mukherjee et al., 2006)

            Shows particularly robust cycling of transcription in adult heads, as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated during three 12-point time course experiments over the course of 6 days.

            (Claridge-Chang et al., 2001)

            Rh5, a rhodopsin expressed in a subset of R8 photoreceptor cells, has been cloned and characterised.

            (Papatsenko et al., 1997)

            Rh5 encodes a functional opsin (restores the light response in ninaE mutants) that is expressed in a subset of R8 photoreceptor cells.

            (Chou et al., 1996)

            The Rh5 gene encodes a functional opsin, as demonstrated by electroretinogram analysis of ninaE mutant flies transformed with the Rh5 cDNA, under the control of the ninaE promoter.

            (Britt, 1995.4.13)
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: Rh5 CG5279

            (Zhong, 1999.11)
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            CG5279
            (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Meadows, 2017.9.14, Palu and Thummel, 2016, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009)
            DMELRH5
            (Papatsenko et al., 2001)
            Dm Rh5
            (Townson et al., 1998)
            RH5
            (Malpel et al., 2001)
            Rh
            (Fanning and Anderson, 1999)
            Rh5
            (Damulewicz and Mazzotta, 2025, McLamb et al., 2025, Lim-Kian-Siang et al., 2024, Bossen et al., 2023, Currier et al., 2023, Xiao et al., 2023, National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Ryu et al., 2022, Sebastian et al., 2022, Sorkaç et al., 2022, De and Chatterjee, 2021, Dombrovski and Condron, 2021, George and Stanewsky, 2021, Gowda et al., 2021, Kumar et al., 2021, Liu et al., 2021, Liu et al., 2021, Mishra et al., 2021, Montell, 2021, Pojer et al., 2021, Xiao and Xu, 2021, Chen and Desplan, 2020, Chen and Montell, 2020, Damulewicz et al., 2020, Delbare et al., 2020, Earl et al., 2020, Helfrich-Förster, 2020, Mazzotta et al., 2020, Sharkey et al., 2020, Tan et al., 2020, Alejevski et al., 2019, Dombrovski et al., 2019, Harbison et al., 2019, Hartenstein et al., 2019, Hawkes et al., 2019, Lehmann et al., 2019, Schlichting et al., 2019, Senthilan et al., 2019, Xie et al., 2019, Xu et al., 2019, Zahoor et al., 2019, Heinloth et al., 2018, Li et al., 2018, Ogueta et al., 2018, Song and Lee, 2018, Leung and Montell, 2017, Bernardo-Garcia et al., 2016, Crocker et al., 2016, Friedrich et al., 2016, Garbers and Wachtler, 2016, Mishra et al., 2016, Saint-Charles et al., 2016, Viets et al., 2016, Behnia and Desplan, 2015, Rister et al., 2015, Wernet et al., 2015, Hilbrant et al., 2014, Jagadish et al., 2014, Kunduri et al., 2014, Liu et al., 2014, Mahato et al., 2014, Wernet et al., 2014, Cordes et al., 2013, Farca-Luna and Sprecher, 2013, Johnston, 2013, Jukam et al., 2013, Jukam et al., 2013, Mishra et al., 2013, Pandey et al., 2013, Paulk et al., 2013, Rister et al., 2013, Schnaitmann et al., 2013, Thanawala et al., 2013, Yamanaka et al., 2013, Zhu, 2013, Pak et al., 2012, Senthilan et al., 2012, Sood et al., 2012, Szular et al., 2012, Terrell et al., 2012, Johnston et al., 2011, Luo et al., 2011, Napoletano et al., 2011, Rosenbaum et al., 2011, Sprecher et al., 2011, Yuan et al., 2011, Jukam and Desplan, 2010, McDonald et al., 2010, Mishra et al., 2010, Xiang et al., 2010, Bao and Friedrich, 2009, Birkholz et al., 2009, Birkholz et al., 2009, Edwards and Meinertzhagen, 2009, Hanai and Ishida, 2009, Hsiao et al., 2008, Miller et al., 2008, Ranade et al., 2008, Sprecher and Desplan, 2008, Jukam and Desplan, 2007, Landry et al., 2007, Pistillo and Desplan, 2007, Pistillo et al., 2007, Sprecher et al., 2007, Vasiliauskas et al., 2007, Vasiliauskas et al., 2007, Xie et al., 2007, Earl and Britt, 2006, Friedrich, 2006, Hummel and Klämbt, 2006, Mukherjee et al., 2006, Rosenbaum et al., 2006, Wernet et al., 2006, Hassan et al., 2005, Mikeladze-Dvali et al., 2005, Nelson et al., 2005, Yang et al., 2005)
            r5
            (Lavin et al., 2022)
            rh5
            (Bidell et al., 2024, Zhao et al., 2023, Schlichting et al., 2022, Yuan et al., 2021, Leung et al., 2020, Li et al., 2020, Schlichting, 2020, Schnaitmann et al., 2020, Sokabe et al., 2016, Farca-Luna and Sprecher, 2013, Posnien et al., 2012, Zhou et al., 2012, Keene et al., 2011, Shen et al., 2011, Vasiliauskas et al., 2011, Yuan et al., 2011, Yamaguchi et al., 2010, Jukam and Claude, 2008, Mazzoni et al., 2008, Sprecher and Desplan, 2008, Vasiliauskas et al., 2008, Yamaguchi et al., 2008, Edgar, 2006, Jukam et al., 2006, Mazzoni et al., 2005, Mikeladze-Dvali et al., 2005, Mikeladze-Dvali et al., 2005, Pistillo and Desplan, 2005, Celik and Desplan, 2004, Pistillo et al., 2004, Celik and Desplan, 2003, Cook, 2003, Cook et al., 2003, Tahayato et al., 2003, Desplan et al., 2002, Mazzoni et al., 2002, Pichaud et al., 2002, Wernet et al., 2002, Wernet et al., 2002, Sonneville et al., 2000, Beaufils et al., 1998, Beaufils et al., 1997, Papatsenko et al., 1997)
            Name Synonyms
            Rhodopsin
            (Voets and Nilius, 2003, Satoh et al., 2002, Hardie and Raghu, 2001, Montell, 2000)
            Rhodopsin 5
            (Szular et al., 2012, Sprecher et al., 2011, Earl and Britt, 2006, Bateman and McNeill, 2005, Britt, 1995.4.13)
            Rhodopsin5
            (Keene et al., 2011, Greenberg et al., 2005)
            rhodopsin
            (Saint-Charles et al., 2016, Wernet and Desplan, 2004, Harteneck, 2003, Suel et al., 2002, Dan et al., 2001, Suel and Ranganathan, 1999, Xu et al., 1998)
            rhodopsin 5
            (Vasiliauskas et al., 2011, Yuan et al., 2011, Dalton et al., 2010, McDonald et al., 2006)
            rhodopsin-5
            (Mazzoni et al., 2005)
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
              Datasets (0)
              Study focus (0)
              Experimental Role
              Project
              Project Type
              Title
              Study result (0)
              Result
              Result Type
              Title
              External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 45 )
              Sequence Crossreferences
              NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
              GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
              GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
              RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
              UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
              UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              Other crossreferences
              AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
              DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
              EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
              FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
              FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
              InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
              KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
              MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
              Linkouts
              BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
              FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
              FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
              Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
              Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
              MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              References (291)