FB2022_03, released June 9, 2022

Gene: Dmel\cutlet

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\cutlet
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
cutlet
Annotation Symbol
CG33122
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0015376
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
4 publicly available
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
24C1-24C1
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-11
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:3707230..3711748
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (7 terms)
Molecular Function (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables ATP binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003959
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
enables ATP hydrolysis activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003959
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
enables DNA binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000406286
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
contributes_to DNA clamp loader activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8WVB6
(FlyBase Curators, 2008-)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8WVB6
(FlyBase Curators, 2008-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Jaffe and Jongens, 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of Ctf18 RFC-like complex
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8WVB6
(FlyBase Curators, 2008-)
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000406286
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
RFC COMPLEX ATPASES -
Replication factor C (RFC) complexes act as loaders or unloaders of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) (or related sliding clamp complexes) during DNA replication- and/or repair-linked processes. The classic RFC1-RFC complex (comprising RFC1 and four smaller subunits, RFC2-5) and Ctf18-RFC (in which RFC1 is substituted with Ctf1 and two other smaller proteins) fundamentally function as PCNA loaders. Rad17-RFC (in which RFC1 is substituted with Rad17) loads the PCNA-like hetero-trimeric 9-1-1 complex at damaged DNA sites. On the other hand, Elg1-RFC (in which RFC1 is substituted for Elg1) functions as a PCNA unloader, removing PCNA from chromatin after DNA synthesis. RFC1-5, Ctf1, Rad17 and Elg1 belong to the AAA+ ATPase family. (Adapted from PMID:28134787.)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\cutlet for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure New Section
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8IQ05)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
cutlet-RA
FBtr0077541
NM_175955
3236
993
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
cutlet-PA
FBpp0077230
111.7
993
8.75
Q8IQ05
NP_787969
AAN10380
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\cutlet using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that the Fly Cell Atlas project found the gene expressed in that cell type. Darker colors mean that more cells of that cell type express the gene:
 low
high 
Colorless tiles indicate that there is no scRNAseq data for the gene in that cell type.
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data (RNA and/or protein) has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
Colored tiles in the ribbon indicate the average RNA expression level of the gene at the indicated stages:
 low
high 
as determined by RNA-seq (RPKM) using whole organism samples modENCODE, Brown et al., 2014. For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain glial cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic central brain neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Jaffe and Jongens, 2001)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\cutlet in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 9 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of cutlet
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of cutlet
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 5 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal | recessive
partially lethal - majority die (with Df(2L)ed1)
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
viable (with Df(2L)ed1)
Sterility
Allele
female sterile
female sterile (with Df(2L)ed1)
male semi-sterile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell number | adult stage
abnormal locomotor behavior (with Df(2L)ed1)
decreased cell number | oogenesis | oogenesis
increased cell death | larval stage
increased cell death | recessive
visible (with Df(2L)ed1)
visible | recessive
wild-type
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
cone cell
cone cell | increased number
egg chamber
eye (with Df(2L)ed1)
eye disc
eye disc & mitotic cell cycle
eye disc | somatic clone
eye photoreceptor cell
germarium
germline cell | female
interommatidial bristle
ocellar bristle
ommatidium
ommatidium (with Df(2L)ed1)
photoreceptor cell R1
photoreceptor cell R6
photoreceptor cell R7
photoreceptor neuron | increased number
ventral thoracic disc | somatic clone
wing (with Df(2L)ed1)
wing disc | somatic clone
wing margin
wing margin | posterior
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\CHTF18
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\RFC1
1 of 15
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Chtf18
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
Rnor\Chtf18
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Rfc1
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
Xtro\chtf18
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\rfc1
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)
Drer\chtf18
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\rfc1
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\ctf-18
10 of 15
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
Atha\CTF18
7 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\RFC1
1 of 9
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\CTF18
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\ctf18
9 of 12
Yes
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (4)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
CG31778
1 of 10
CG31955
1 of 10
elg1
1 of 10
Gnf1
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    CHTF18; chromosome transmission fidelity factor 18
    13 of 15
    613201
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        esyN Network Diagram
        Interactions Browser
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        esyN Network Diagram
        esyN Network Key:
        Suppression
        Enhancement
        View in Interactions Browser
        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        cutlet
        enhanceable
        RfC4
        (Jaffe and Jongens, 2001)
        cutlet
        enhanceable
        RfC38
        (Jaffe and Jongens, 2001)
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        External Data
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
        External Data
        Linkouts
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        2L
        Recombination map
        2-11
        Cytogenetic map
        24C1-24C1
        Sequence location
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        24C1-24C1
        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}oddrF111&P{PZ}for06860 and P{EP}EP2595EP2595
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        2-11

        (FlyBase, 2016)

        2-9.3

        (Comeron et al., 2012)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes

        Mapped adjacent to for.

        (de Belle et al., 1993)
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (4)
        Genomic Clones (11)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (3)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

          For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

          cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
          BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            RNAi and Array Information
            Linkouts
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
            Antibody Information
            Laboratory Generated Antibodies
             
            Commercially Available Antibodies
             
            Other Information
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database identify of
            Source for database merge of

            Source for merge of: cutlet CG10030

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Additional comments

            Source for merge of cutlet CG10030 was sequence comparison ( date:010916 ).

            (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003, FlyBase, 1996-)
            Other Comments

            Homozygous mutants have altered cellular proliferation and increased cell death, which leads to defects in cell growth in the developing disc primordia.

            (Jaffe and Jongens, 2001)

            Mutants exhibit developmental defects in the eye, wing, and ovary. These defects appear to be the result of insufficient cell proliferation. Flies generated carrying a 14.5kb genomic DNA fragment containing this transcript fully rescues the cutlet mutant phenotypes.

            (Jaffe and Jongens, 1998)

            The observation that three of five cutlet alleles have a coincident altered larval foraging phenotype leads to speculate that for and cutlet may constitute a complex locus.

            (de Belle et al., 1993)
            Origin and Etymology
            Discoverer
            Etymology
            Identification
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 40 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
            GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            References (42)