FB2020_06, released Dec 22, 2020

Gene: Dmel\mbc

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\mbc
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
myoblast city
Annotation Symbol
CG10379
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0015513
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
20 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
myoblast city (mbc) encodes an unconventional bipartite GEF that, in combination with the product of Ced-12, activates the monomeric GTPase encoded by Rac1. It contributes to myoblast fusion, border cell migration and dorsal closure. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Other Summaries
Also Known As

Dock180, Su(rac)1

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
95B5-95B7
Sequence location
3R:23,781,765..23,801,634 [+]
Recombination map

3-80

RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:23781765..23801634
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (22 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Rac1; FB:FBgn0010333
(Haralalka et al., 2011)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:rols; FB:FBgn0041096
(Chen and Olson, 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (17 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (16 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Haralalka et al., 2011, Richardson et al., 2007)
involved_in activation of GTPase activity
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Rac1; FB:FBgn0010333
(Haralalka et al., 2011)
(Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Rac1; FB:FBgn0010333, FLYBASE:Ced-12; FB:FBgn0032409
(Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
involved_in anterior Malpighian tubule development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Pütz et al., 2005)
involved_in border follicle cell migration
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
involved_in cell competition in a multicellular organism
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Li and Baker, 2007)
involved_in central nervous system development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Biersmith et al., 2011)
involved_in cytoskeleton organization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Erickson et al., 1997)
involved_in dorsal closure
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Erickson et al., 1997)
involved_in imaginal disc fusion, thorax closure
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Pvr; FB:FBgn0032006
(Ishimaru et al., 2004)
involved_in larval visceral muscle development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Klapper et al., 2002)
involved_in muscle attachment
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:msk; FB:FBgn0026252
(Liu et al., 2013)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Ced-12; FB:FBgn0032409
(Liu et al., 2013)
involved_in myoblast fusion
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Haralalka et al., 2011, Shelton et al., 2009, Richardson et al., 2007, Balagopalan et al., 2006, Estrada et al., 2006, Menon et al., 2005, Rushton et al., 1995)
involved_in positive regulation of border follicle cell migration
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Duchek et al., 2001)
involved_in positive regulation of JNK cascade
inferred from direct assay
(Ishimaru et al., 2004)
involved_in positive regulation of Rac protein signal transduction
inferred from direct assay
(Ishimaru et al., 2004)
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ishimaru et al., 2004, Duchek et al., 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in cell morphogenesis
traceable author statement
(Noselli and Agnes, 1999)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Erickson et al., 1997)
located_in extrinsic component of plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Haralalka et al., 2011)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in ruffle
traceable author statement
(Noselli and Agnes, 1999)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
RHO GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTORS -
RhoGEFs are Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) for Rho family GTPases. They include Dbl-homology domain-containing proteins (the largest family of RhoGEFs) and CZH2 domain/Dock family GEFs. (Adapted from FBrf0190957).
Pathway (FlyBase)
Pvr Signaling Pathway Core Components -
PDGF/VEGF (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)-receptor related (Pvr) encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by the binding of PDGF- and VEGF-related factors (Pvf1,Pvf2 or Pvf3). Pvr has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1 (FBrf0222697), Rho family small GTPases (FBrf0221764, FBrf0180198) and the JNK cascade (FBrf0180198), in a context-dependent manner. (Adapted from FBrf0222697 and FBrf0221727).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

a docking protein: DOCK180 homolog - by guanine nucleotide exchange factor - essential for myoblast fusion - in combination with Ced-12, activates the Rac1 monomeric GTPase - contributes to border cell migration and dorsal closure

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\mbc for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
mbc-RA
FBtr0084459
NM_057796
7351
1970
mbc-RB
FBtr0304729
NM_001260338
7465
2008
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

7.5 (northern blot)

(Erickson et al., 1997)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
mbc-PA
FBpp0083850
226.5
1970
7.25
NP_477144
AAF56191
mbc-PB
FBpp0293271
230.7
2008
7.45
NP_001247267
AFH06585
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

1970 (aa); 226 (kD predicted)

(Erickson et al., 1997)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\mbc using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
expression microarray
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
indirect flight muscle
(Katti et al., 2017)
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 12
ectoderm | striped
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
pole plasm

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
anterior endoderm anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal pharyngeal muscle primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
longitudinal visceral muscle primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
somatic muscle primordium

Comment: reported as muscle system primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visceral muscle primordium

Comment: reported as muscle system primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
dorsal pharyngeal muscle
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval muscle system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval somatic muscle
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval visceral muscle
(Fisher et al., 2012)
longitudinal visceral muscle fiber
(Fisher et al., 2012)
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 14
embryonic/larval visceral muscle
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 16
embryonic/larval dorsal vessel
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 12
endoderm
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 5
organism | lateral
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 4
primordial germ cell
(Erickson et al., 1997)
adult stage | female
(Erickson et al., 1997)
adult stage | male
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 12 -- 14
somatic mesoderm
(Erickson et al., 1997)
pupal stage
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 7 -- 12
ectoderm
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 12 -- 17
visceral mesoderm
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 1 -- 9

Comment: reference states 0-4 hr AEL

(Erickson et al., 1997)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
pupal stage P6
dorsal medial indirect flight muscle

Comment: 24 hr APF

(Bryantsev et al., 2012)
thoracic adult muscle precursor cell
(Bryantsev et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data

Both the cardial and pericardial cells of the dorsal vessel express mbc transcript. No mbc transcript is detected in mature muscles.

(Erickson et al., 1997)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 12
endoderm
(Erickson et al., 1997)
myoblast
(Erickson et al., 1997)
ectoderm
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 16
embryonic/larval dorsal vessel
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 5
primordial germ cell
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 14
embryonic/larval visceral muscle
(Erickson et al., 1997)
embryonic stage 15 -- late third instar larval stage
muscle attachment site
(Liu et al., 2013)
larval stage
embryonic/larval hypodermal muscle
• Z disc
(Liu et al., 2013)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data

mbc protein expression correlates approximately with mbc transcript expression. Although mbc transcript is not detected in mature muscles, mbc protein is detected at low levels in mature muscles. Colocalization studies with Mef2 protein indicate that mbc protein is present in ectodermal and endodermal germ layers, with ectodermal expression being restricted to the epidermal layer, and that mbc is expressed in myoblasts.

(Erickson et al., 1997)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Erickson et al., 1997)
located_in extrinsic component of plasma membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Haralalka et al., 2011)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: PBac{602.P.SVS-1}mbcCPTI000332
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult brain cell body rind
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\mbc in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 44 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 22 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of mbc
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of mbc
Deletions and Duplications ( 16 )
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage | recessive
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
endocytosis defective, with Scer\GAL4repo, Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4alrm.PD
neuroanatomy defective | embryonic stage
some die during embryonic stage | recessive
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 1
A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 1 | embryonic stage 15
astrocyte-like glial cell, with Scer\GAL4alrm.PD
axon & ventral nerve cord
border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6
border follicle cell | somatic clone
chaeta | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
circular visceral muscle fiber
circular visceral muscle primordium
commissure
dorsal pharyngeal muscle
embryonic/larval anterior Malpighian tubule
embryonic/larval Malpighian tubule
embryonic/larval midgut longitudinal visceral muscle | embryonic stage (with mbcC1)
embryonic/larval midgut longitudinal visceral muscle | embryonic stage (with mbcD11.2)
embryonic/larval muscle system
embryonic/larval somatic muscle
embryonic dorsal epidermis
embryonic Malpighian tubule
embryonic midgut constriction
embryonic midgut constriction 1 | embryonic stage (with mbcC1)
embryonic midgut constriction 1 | embryonic stage (with mbcD11.2)
embryonic myoblast
embryonic myoblast | germline clone
embryonic visceral muscle
fusion competent cell | embryonic stage
gamma Kenyon cell, with Scer\GAL4alrm.PD
glial cell, with Scer\GAL4repo, Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
lateral longitudinal fascicle
longitudinal connective
longitudinal muscle
longitudinal visceral muscle primordium (with mbcC1)
longitudinal visceral muscle primordium (with mbcD11.2)
Malpighian tubule Type II cell
mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
muscle founder cell | embryonic stage
myoblast
presumptive embryonic/larval muscle system
presumptive embryonic/larval muscle system | germline clone
thorax, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
vesicle, with Scer\GAL4repo, Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (12)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\DOCK1
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\DOCK2
12 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\DOCK5
11 of 15
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\DOCK3
5 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DOCK4
4 of 15
No
No
Hsap\BMPR2
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DOCK6
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DOCK7
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DOCK8
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DOCK9
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DOCK10
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\DOCK11
1 of 15
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (11)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Dock2
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Dock1
12 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Dock5
11 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Dock3
5 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Dock4
5 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Dock6
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Dock7
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Dock8
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Dock9
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Dock10
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Dock11
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (11)
Rnor\Dock1
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Dock5
10 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Dock3
4 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Dock4
4 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Dock2
3 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\LOC100909609
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Dock6
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Dock7
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Dock8
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Dock9
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Dock11
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (15)
Xtro\dock1
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\dock2
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\dock3
3 of 12
No
No
Xtro\dock4
3 of 12
No
No
Xtro\dock5
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\LOC101730451
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\LOC101734531
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\LOC105947087
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\LOC108646239
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\dock6
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\dock7
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\dock8
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\dock9
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\dock10
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\dock11
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (14)
Drer\dock1
7 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\dock5
7 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\dock4b
5 of 15
No
No
Drer\dock3
4 of 15
No
No
Drer\si:dkey-81e3.1
4 of 15
No
No
Drer\dock2
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\dock2-like
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\dock6
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\dock7
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\dock8
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\dock9b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\dock10
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\dock11
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\zmp:0000001200
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)
Cele\ced-5
15 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\F22G12.5
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F46H5.4
1 of 15
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
No records found.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\DCK1
8 of 15
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091900A6 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00011949
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD21040
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM26532
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG11230
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE10396
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF16263
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA10288
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL23263
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK11109
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ22588
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI23072
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH23629
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0915004Z )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17024516
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY005630
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_11648
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes012159
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL007589
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC006369
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP004320
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ002759
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W01N6 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA002322
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA000242
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA002321
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA000241
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS203087-PA
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS203258-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL005706
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL002352
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL005298
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2211668628
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2147496643
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB50535
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB51337
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP19238
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP17702
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15210934
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15213308
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH22049
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH12202
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:002cc9
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:002dad
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG003329
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG016014
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_08518
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_08013
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC012454
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC034453
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM336900
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM252200
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC005582
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC012069
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC000680
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC011694
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC000681
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI001490
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI008946
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_16516
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_11441
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X01L7 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR000811
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR004951
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW021297
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW003358
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM70972.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM65182.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM70970.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM65177.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur31g01970
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur33g01610
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur01g08450
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur33g01670
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_313508
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_323931
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G007D )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Dock180
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Dock180_1
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000007386
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000009657
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\DOCK5
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\DOCK1
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000025829
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\DOCK2
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000027359
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (3)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
spg
7 of 10
Zir
2 of 10
Ziz
2 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    DOCK2; dedicator of cytokinesis 2
    model of  immunodeficiency 40
    IEA
    (FlyBase, 2019-)
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    DOCK1; dedicator of cytokinesis 1
    13 of 15
    601403
        DOCK2; dedicator of cytokinesis 2
        12 of 15
        603122
        DOCK5; dedicator of cytokinesis 5
        11 of 15
        616904
             
            DOCK3; dedicator of cytokinesis 3
            5 of 15
            603123
              DOCK4; dedicator of cytokinesis 4
              4 of 15
              607679
                  Functional Complementation Data
                  Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                  Interactions
                  Summary of Physical Interactions
                  esyN Network Diagram
                  Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                  Select Layout:
                  Legend:
                  Protein
                  RNA
                  Selected Interactor(s)
                  Interactions Browser
                  View in Interactions Browser
                  Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                  protein-protein
                  Physical Interaction
                  Assay
                  References
                  mbc - Ced-12
                  anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, anti tag western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry
                  (Geisbrecht et al., 2008, Ishimaru et al., 2004)
                  mbc - Crk
                  two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                  (Balagopalan et al., 2006, Ishimaru et al., 2004)
                  mbc - rols
                  anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                  (Chen and Olson, 2001)
                  RNA-RNA
                  Physical Interaction
                  Assay
                  References
                  mbc - mir-9a
                  quantitative reverse transcription pcr
                  (Yatsenko and Shcherbata, 2014)
                  RNA-protein
                  Physical Interaction
                  Assay
                  References
                  mbc - DENR
                  anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
                  (Schleich et al., 2014)
                  Summary of Genetic Interactions
                  esyN Network Diagram
                  esyN Network Key:
                  Suppression
                  Enhancement
                  View in Interactions Browser
                  Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                  Starting gene(s)
                  Interaction type
                  Interacting gene(s)
                  Reference
                  mbc
                  enhanceable
                  Ced-12
                  (Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
                  mbc
                  enhanceable
                  Crk
                  (Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
                  mbc
                  suppressible
                  Rac1
                  (Haralalka et al., 2011)
                  Ced-12|mbc
                  suppressible
                  Rac1|Rac2
                  (Liu et al., 2013, Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
                  mbc
                  enhanceable
                  Sos
                  (Lu et al., 2014)
                  mbc
                  enhanceable
                  spg
                  (Biersmith et al., 2011)
                  Starting gene(s)
                  Interaction type
                  Interacting gene(s)
                  Reference
                  Ced-12
                  enhanceable
                  mbc
                  (Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
                  Crk
                  enhanceable
                  mbc
                  (Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
                  msk
                  enhanceable
                  mbc
                  (Liu et al., 2013)
                  msk
                  suppressible
                  Ced-12|mbc
                  (Liu et al., 2013)
                  msk
                  suppressible
                  mbc
                  (Liu et al., 2013)
                  Pvr
                  suppressible
                  mbc
                  (Duchek et al., 2001)
                  Pvr
                  enhanceable
                  mbc
                  (Ishimaru et al., 2004)
                  Rac1
                  suppressible
                  mbc
                  (Nolan et al., 1998)
                  Rac1
                  suppressible
                  Ced-12|mbc
                  (Geisbrecht et al., 2008)
                  Rac2
                  suppressible
                  mbc
                  (Nolan et al., 1998)
                  slbo
                  suppressible
                  mbc
                  (Duchek et al., 2001)
                  Sos
                  enhanceable
                  mbc
                  (Lu et al., 2014)
                  External Data
                  Linkouts
                  BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                  DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                  InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                  MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                  MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                  Pathways
                  Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                  Pvr Signaling Pathway Core Components -
                  PDGF/VEGF (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)-receptor related (Pvr) encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by the binding of PDGF- and VEGF-related factors (Pvf1,Pvf2 or Pvf3). Pvr has been shown to activate the canonical Ras/Raf/MAP kinase (ERK) cascade, the PI3K kinase pathway, TORC1 (FBrf0222697), Rho family small GTPases (FBrf0221764, FBrf0180198) and the JNK cascade (FBrf0180198), in a context-dependent manner. (Adapted from FBrf0222697 and FBrf0221727).
                  Metabolic Pathways
                  External Data
                  Linkouts
                  Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                  Chromosome (arm)
                  3R
                  Recombination map

                  3-80

                  Cytogenetic map
                  95B5-95B7
                  Sequence location
                  3R:23,781,765..23,801,634 [+]
                  FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                  Cytogenetic map
                  Evidence for location
                  95B5-95B7
                  Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)0468404684 and P{PZ}Atg600096
                  Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                  Cytogenetic map
                  Notes
                  References
                  95B-95C
                  (Erickson, 1997.6.10)
                  Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                  Location

                  3-80

                  (FlyBase, 2016)

                  3-82.1

                  (Comeron et al., 2012)
                  Left of (cM)
                  (Nolan et al., 1998)
                  Right of (cM)
                  (Nolan et al., 1998)
                  Notes
                  Stocks and Reagents
                  Stocks (20)
                  Genomic Clones (36)
                  cDNA Clones (53)
                   

                  Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                  cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                  BDGP DGC clones
                  Other clones
                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                  For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                  cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                  BDGP DGC clones
                  Other clones
                  RNAi and Array Information
                  Linkouts
                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                  GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                  Antibody Information
                  Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                   

                  polyclonal

                  (Erickson et al., 1997)
                  Commercially Available Antibodies
                   
                  Other Information
                  Relationship to Other Genes
                  Source for database identify of
                  Source for database merge of
                  Additional comments
                  Other Comments

                  mbc is both necessary and sufficient in the fusion competent myoblasts for fusion with founder cells during embryonic somatic muscle development.

                  (Haralalka et al., 2011)

                  mbc is needed in wild-type cells for the death of Minute neighbours in cell competition experiments.

                  (Li and Baker, 2007)

                  dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

                  (Kiger et al., 2003)

                  dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene is tested in an RNAi screen for effects on actin-based lamella formation.

                  (Rogers et al., 2003)

                  mbc is required for the formation of syncytia within the visceral musculature of the midgut.

                  (Klapper et al., 2002)

                  The mbc product functions as a specific upstream regulator of Rac1 activity that mediates several morphogenetic processes in embryogenesis.

                  (Nolan et al., 1998)

                  Light and electron microscopy are used to study the process of myoblast fusion in mbc mutants.

                  (Doberstein et al., 1997)

                  Neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) can form on founder cells in the absence of myoblast fusion these NMJs have morphological and physiological properties closely resembling those of wild type. A smaller surface area of the fibre than wild type is devoted to the NMJ.

                  (Prokop et al., 1996)

                  mbc is required for the fusion of myoblasts into multinucleate muscles. The phenotype of mbc mutants provides evidence in support of the founder cell hypothesis of muscle development.

                  (Rushton et al., 1995)
                  Origin and Etymology
                  Discoverer
                  Etymology
                  Identification
                  External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 60 )
                  Sequence Crossreferences
                  NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                  GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                  GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                  RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                  UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                  Other crossreferences
                  BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                  Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                  Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                  Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                  GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                  iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                  InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                  KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                  modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                  Linkouts
                  BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                  DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                  FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
                  FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                  FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                  FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                  Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                  InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                  MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                  MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                  Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)
                  Reported As
                  Symbol Synonym
                  CG10379
                  (Meadows, 2017.1.11, Hosono et al., 2015, Rosa-Ferreira et al., 2015, Abmayr and Pavlath, 2012, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Wittkopp et al., 2008, Rogers et al., 2003)
                  DOCK180
                  (Ridley, 2001)
                  Dm MBC
                  (Meller et al., 2005)
                  Dock180
                  (Biersmith et al., 2015, Meller et al., 2005)
                  MBC
                  (Freeman, 2015, Donaldson, 2003)
                  MBC/DOCK180
                  (Li and Baker, 2007)
                  Mbc
                  (Hilu-Dadia and Kurant, 2020, La Marca and Richardson, 2020, Enomoto et al., 2018, Richardson and Portela, 2018, Nainu et al., 2017, Bothe and Baylies, 2016, Biersmith et al., 2015, Lu et al., 2014, Levayer and Moreno, 2013, Tran et al., 2013, Abmayr and Pavlath, 2012, Chen et al., 2007, Landry et al., 2005, Meller et al., 2005, Ishimaru et al., 2004, Kockel et al., 2001)
                  Su(rac)1
                  (Stronach and Perrimon, 1999, Nolan et al., 1998)
                  dock180
                  (McPhee et al., 2010)
                  mbc
                  (Lee and Chen, 2019, Luschnig, 2019.12.12, Nakano et al., 2019, Al-Ramahi et al., 2018, Toret et al., 2018, Tsai et al., 2018, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Winfree et al., 2017, Doiguchi et al., 2016, Gene Disruption Project members, 2016-, Aradska et al., 2015, Wang et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Haralalka et al., 2014, Luck et al., 2014, Rudolf et al., 2014, Schleich et al., 2014, Shlyueva et al., 2014, Tasdemir-Yilmaz and Freeman, 2014, Bonn et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Levayer and Moreno, 2013, Pirraglia et al., 2013, Sopko and Perrimon, 2013, Wilson et al., 2013, Zhu and Zhang, 2013, Bryantsev et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Kelsey et al., 2012, Ziegenfuss et al., 2012, Biersmith et al., 2011, Haralalka et al., 2011, Jin et al., 2011, Kazemian et al., 2011, Nagaosa et al., 2011, Ohsawa et al., 2011, Arancio et al., 2010, Bulchand et al., 2010, McPhee et al., 2010, Miyamoto and Yamauchi, 2010, Kuraishi et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2009, Shelton et al., 2009, Wolfstetter et al., 2009, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Geisbrecht et al., 2008, Wittkopp et al., 2008, Bakal et al., 2007, Beckett and Baylies, 2007, Buszczak et al., 2007, Estrada et al., 2007, Franklin-Dumont et al., 2007, Geisbrecht et al., 2007, Kesper et al., 2007, Kim et al., 2007, Li and Baker, 2007, Massarwa et al., 2007, Richardson et al., 2007, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Balagopalan et al., 2006, Borghese et al., 2006, Estrada et al., 2006, Menon et al., 2005, Pütz et al., 2005, Chen et al., 2004, Paladi and Tepass, 2004)
                  Name Synonyms
                  Myoblast City
                  (Biersmith et al., 2015, Donaldson, 2003)
                  Myoblast city
                  (Wood and Martin, 2017, Amoyel and Bach, 2014, Reed et al., 2012, Bulchand et al., 2010, Geisbrecht et al., 2008, Chen et al., 2007, Geisbrecht et al., 2007, Cho et al., 2005, Pütz et al., 2005, Rogers et al., 2003)
                  myoblast city
                  (Lu et al., 2014, Levayer and Moreno, 2013, Pirraglia et al., 2013, Jin et al., 2011, McPhee et al., 2010, Miyamoto and Yamauchi, 2010, Wolfstetter et al., 2009, Balagopalan et al., 2006, Meller et al., 2005, Menon et al., 2005, Chen et al., 2004, Paladi and Tepass, 2004, Rushton et al., 1995)
                  Secondary FlyBase IDs
                    Datasets (0)
                    Study focus (0)
                    Experimental Role
                    Project
                    Project Type
                    Title
                    References (214)