FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Apc

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Apc

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

APC-like

Annotation Symbol

CG1451

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0015589

Gene Model Status

Stock Availability

12 publicly available

Gene Snapshot

APC-like (Apc) encodes one of two Drosophila APC family proteins. It is a key negative regulator of Wingless signaling, as a critical component of the destruction complex that phosphorylates beta-catenin and thus targets it for ubiquitination and proteasomal destruction. It is the primary family member during CNS and eye development, and functions redundantly with the product of Apc2 in adult development. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]

Other Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

APC1, D-APC, dAPC, adenomatous polyposis coli, dAPC1

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

3R:28,832,301..28,844,748 [-]

Recombination map

3-97

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:28832301..28844748

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (28 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables beta-catenin binding

inferred from direct assay

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VH90

(assigned by UniProt )

(Tran et al., 2008)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables beta-catenin binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

enables microtubule binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Biological Process (18 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in brain development

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Akong et al., 2002)

involved_in chitin-based larval cuticle pattern formation

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Roberts et al., 2011, Ahmed et al., 2002, Akong et al., 2002)

involved_in establishment or maintenance of microtubule cytoskeleton polarity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Mattie et al., 2010)

involved_in imaginal disc pattern formation

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Akong et al., 2002)

involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Kunttas-Tatli et al., 2015, Yamulla et al., 2014, Mendoza-Topaz et al., 2011, Roberts et al., 2011, Ahmed et al., 2002, Akong et al., 2002)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:arm; FB:FBgn0000117

(Hayden et al., 2007, Ahmed et al., 1998)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kunttas-Tatli et al., 2012)

involved_in negative regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

involved_in neuroblast proliferation

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Akong et al., 2002)

involved_in oocyte localization involved in germarium-derived egg chamber formation

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Hamada and Bienz, 2002)

involved_in ovarian follicle cell development

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Dai et al., 2017)

involved_in regulation of axo-dendritic protein transport

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Henthorn et al., 2011)

involved_in segment polarity determination

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Kunttas-Tatli et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (8 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in cell fate specification

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in cell migration

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in nervous system development

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in pattern specification process

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in regulation of cell differentiation

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Cellular Component (7 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in apical part of cell

inferred from direct assay

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

located_in axon

inferred from direct assay

(Akong et al., 2002)

part_of beta-catenin destruction complex

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Kunttas-Tatli et al., 2012)

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

located_in cytosol

inferred from direct assay

(Akong et al., 2002, Ahmed et al., 1998)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of beta-catenin destruction complex

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

part_of catenin complex

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

colocalizes_with cytoplasmic microtubule

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000288612

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

BETA CATENIN DESTRUCTION COMPLEX

Pathway (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Wnt-TCF Signaling Pathway

Protein Family (UniProt)

-

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Pathway (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Wnt-TCF Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Wnt-TCF (canonical Wnt) signaling down-regulate the pathway, resulting in the attenuation of transcriptional regulation mediated by β-catenin (arm).

Gene Group (FlyBase)

BETA CATENIN DESTRUCTION COMPLEX -: The β-catenin destruction complex is a cytoplasmic protein complex that phosphorylates β-catenin, targeting it for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. In the absence of Wnt signaling, the β-catenin destruction complex constitutively suppresses the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by preventing the accumulation of cytoplasmic β-catenin (arm). (Adapted from FBrf0217546).

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

3

Number of Unique Polypeptides

2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Apc for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Translational frameshifting postulated (FBrf0216436).

gene_with_transcript_with_translational_frameshift ; SO:0000712

Gene model reviewed during 6.07

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

gene_with_transcript_with_translational_frameshift

(Baranov et al., 2011)

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

FBtr0085351

8441

2417

FBtr0336767

8317

2417

FBtr0445314

8441

1597

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

8 (northern blot)

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

FBpp0084720

261.3

2417

5.35

FBpp0307743

261.3

2417

5.35

FBpp0401491

174.6

1597

5.79

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

2417 aa isoforms: Apc-PA, Apc-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

2416 (aa); 260 (kD predicted)

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Apc using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Apc_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 14 -- 17

presumptive embryonic/larval nervous system

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

embryonic stage 1 -- 2

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

Additional Descriptive Data

Apc transcripts are observed in very early embyros and are not seen again until after germ band retraction. At that time they are concentrated in the CNS where they are restricted to postmitotic cells. Transcripts are also found in the epidermis.

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 13 -- 17

presumptive embryonic/larval nervous system

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

third instar larval stage

• microtubule cytoskeleton

(Subramanian et al., 2003)

embryonic stage

organism | ubiquitous

Comment: Expression more prominent in CNS.

(Ahmed et al., 2002)

embryonic stage 14 -- 17

• axon

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

longitudinal connective

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

ventral nerve cord commissure

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

Additional Descriptive Data

The Apc protein colocalizes with shot on microtubules in mature tendon cells of third instar larvae. There is a focus of staining overlapping a compact microtubule array near the muscle-tendon junction. This unique subcellular structure extends to the cuticle attachment site.

(Subramanian et al., 2003)

Embryonic expression of Apc protein is ubiquitous, but more pronounced in the CNS.

(Ahmed et al., 2002)

Apc protein is detected in the nervous system of embryos from germ-band retraction on. It localizes to axon fiber tracts and motor neurons. Initially, similar levels are found in longitudinal and commissural tracts. Later, staining is more intense in the longitudinal tracts and is distributed in patches or streaks within specific fibers in the longitudinal tracts.

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in apical part of cell

inferred from direct assay

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

located_in axon

inferred from direct assay

(Akong et al., 2002)

part_of beta-catenin destruction complex

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Apc2; FB:FBgn0026598

(Kunttas-Tatli et al., 2012)

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

located_in cytosol

inferred from direct assay

(Akong et al., 2002, Ahmed et al., 1998)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Apc in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Apc

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Apc

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0015589

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG1451-RA

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG1451

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0015589

Images

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 8 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 14 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Apc

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Apc

Deletions and Duplications ( 5 )

Disrupted in

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

(Christensen et al., 2009.5.6)

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Not disrupted in

(Brumby et al., 2004)

Not duplicated in

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

cell lethal | adult stage

Apc^Q8

lethal | recessive | heat sensitive

Apc^Q8

Apc^Q8

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Apc^GD1333

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Apc^GD1333

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pros.PMG

Apc^UAS.cHa

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

Apc^GD1333

Other Phenotypes

Allele

cell adhesion defective | adult stage

Apc^Q8

cell polarity defective | adult stage

Apc^Q8

increased cell death

Apc^Q8

increased cell death | pupal stage (with Apc^Q8)

Apc^S76

increased cell death | pupal stage (with Apc^S76)

Apc^Q8

increased cell number | adult stage

Apc^Q8

increased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^NP7397

Apc^GD1333

increased cell number | somatic clone

Apc^Q8

increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage | somatic clone

Apc^Q8

increased occurrence of cell division | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

Apc^GD1333

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult midgut epithelium

adult midgut epithelium | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

Apc^GD1333

enteroblast | adult stage | supernumerary

Apc^Q8

enteroblast | adult stage | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4^NP7397

Apc^GD1333

eye photoreceptor cell

Apc^Q8

eye photoreceptor cell | P-stage (with Apc^Q8)

Apc^S76

eye photoreceptor cell | P-stage (with Apc^S76)

Apc^Q8

Apc^unspecified

intestinal stem cell | adult stage | supernumerary

Apc^Q8

intestinal stem cell | adult stage | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4^NP7397

Apc^GD1333

intestinal stem cell of posterior adult midgut epithelium | somatic clone

Apc^Q8

male germline stem cell & centrosome (with Df(3R)3450)

Apc^Q8

male germline stem cell & spindle (with Df(3R)3450)

Apc^Q8

male germline stem cell | supernumerary

Apc^unspecified

neuron & retina & pupa

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor | adult stage

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell R1

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell R2

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell R3

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell R4

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell R5

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell R6

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell R7

Apc^Q8

photoreceptor cell R8

Apc^Q8

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (2)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

9 of 15

Yes

Yes

2

8 of 15

No

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

8 of 15

Yes

Yes

8 of 15

Yes

Yes

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)

8 of 13

Yes

Yes

8 of 13

Yes

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)

5 of 12

Yes

Yes

5 of 12

Yes

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)

6 of 15

Yes

Yes

3 of 15

No

No

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

6 of 15

Yes

No

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

No records found.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

No records found.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

No records found.

Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091900FA )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Dsuz\DS10_00009854

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Drosophila persimilis

Drosophila willistoni

Drosophila virilis

Drosophila mojavensis

Drosophila grimshawi

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091500B1 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Musca domestica

House fly

Glossina morsitans

Tsetse fly

Gmor\GMOY009522

Lucilia cuprina

Australian sheep blowfly

Lcup\FF38_14103

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes006891

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ018110

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W008P )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA013580

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS210629-PA

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL007167

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2317506564

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:000d4b

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG009184

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM390670

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC002106

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC003603

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI007045

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_12800

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0086 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR007102

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW012393

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM63326.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM77453.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM63327.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM77452.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM77451.1

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur15g00770

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur15g00800

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_44029

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G00D4 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\ENSCING00000006834

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\ENSCING00000013163

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\ENSGALG00000000220

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\ENSGALG00000027821

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

5 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

model of gastrointestinal adenoma

CEA with Apc2^g10

(Suijkerbuijk et al., 2016)

model of gastrointestinal system cancer

CEA with Apc2^g10

(Wang et al., 2013)

model of colorectal cancer

CEA with Apc2^g10

(Lee et al., 2009)

CEA with Apc2³³

(Lee et al., 2009)

CEA

(Tian et al., 2017)

model of intestinal cancer

CEA with Ras85D^V12.cUa.UAS

(Campbell et al., 2019)

model of familial adenomatous polyposis 1

CEA with Apc2^g10

(Pronobis et al., 2015)

model of colorectal cancer

CEA with p53^VDRC.cUa, Pten^GD13500, Ras85D^V12.cUa.UAS, Med^VDRC.cUa

(Bangi et al., 2016)

CEA with p53^VDRC.cUa, Pten^GD13500, Ras85D^V12.cUa.UAS

(Bangi et al., 2016)

CEA with p53^VDRC.cUa, Ras85D^V12.cUa.UAS, Med^VDRC.cUa

(Bangi et al., 2016)

CEA with Pten^GD13500, Ras85D^V12.cUa.UAS, Med^VDRC.cUa

(Bangi et al., 2016)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 5 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

APC; APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway

model of familial adenomatous polyposis 1

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of hereditary desmoid disease

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of colorectal cancer

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of stomach cancer

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of hepatocellular carcinoma

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

model of colorectal cancer

is ameliorated by ewg^P1

(Tian et al., 2017)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

APC; APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway

9 of 15

APC2; APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway 2

8 of 15

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

two hybrid, colocalization, fluorescence microscopy, inferred by author

(Mattie et al., 2010)

(Mattie et al., 2010)

(Mattie et al., 2010)

pull down, autoradiography

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

pull down, anti tag western blot

(Jaiswal et al., 2013, Webb et al., 2009)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Takacs et al., 2008, Takacs et al., 2008, Ahmed et al., 2002)

suppressible

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

suppressible

(Mendoza-Topaz et al., 2011, Tolwinski, 2009, Cliffe et al., 2003)

suppressible

(Suijkerbuijk et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Benchabane et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Suijkerbuijk et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Tian et al., 2017, Benchabane et al., 2011, Benchabane et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Tian et al., 2017)

suppressible

(Wang et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Tian et al., 2017, Xin et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Suijkerbuijk et al., 2016)

Pten|Ras85D|p53|Apc

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Wang et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Suijkerbuijk et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Lin et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Mendes et al., 2009)

suppressible

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

suppressible

(Wang et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2009)

Apc2|Apc|Ras85D

suppressible

(Wang et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Bangi et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Suijkerbuijk et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Wang et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Wang et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Wang et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

enhanceable

(Wang et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Cordero et al., 2014)

Pten|Ras85D|p53|Apc

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Roberts et al., 2012, Ahmed et al., 2002)

enhanceable

(Roberts et al., 2012, Ahmed et al., 2002, Hamada and Bienz, 2002)

enhanceable

(Fre et al., 2009)

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Bangi et al., 2016)

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

enhanceable

Apc|Med|Pten|p53

(Bangi et al., 2016)

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

enhanceable

(Bangi et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Bangi et al., 2016)

enhanceable

(Zhang et al., 2014)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

69178

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0015589

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

44642

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Apc

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Apc

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Wnt-TCF Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Wnt-TCF (canonical Wnt) signaling down-regulate the pathway, resulting in the attenuation of transcriptional regulation mediated by β-catenin (arm).

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Wnt signaling pathway

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

3R

Recombination map

3-97

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

3R:28,832,301..28,844,748 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

98E5-98E6

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)06487⁰⁶⁴⁸⁷ and P{EP}EP3390^EP3390

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

98E-98F

(Hayashi, 1996.11.11)

98F-98F

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

98D-98E

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Ahmed et al., 1996)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-97

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-94.3

(Comeron et al., 2012)

3-

(Ahmed et al., 1996)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (12)

26400

w¹¹¹⁸; Mi{ET1}Apc^MB08754

28582

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HM05070}attP2

34869

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00188}attP2

34138

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}Apc^MI01007/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹

7211

w^*; P{neoFRT}82B sr¹ e¹ Apc2^N175K Apc^Q8/TM3, P{ActGFP}JMR2, Ser¹

v110290

P{KK105718}VIE-260B

v51468

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1333}v51468

v51469

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1333}v51469/TM3

v318749

PBac{fTRG01090.sfGFP-TVPTBF}VK00002

v341918

P{hsFLP}1, y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; P{HD_CFD01180}attP40/CyO-GFP

v341920

P{hsFLP}1, y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; P{HD_CFD01182}attP40/CyO-GFP

v341921

P{hsFLP}1, y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; P{HD_CFD01183}attP40/CyO-GFP

Genomic Clones (21)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (28)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0015589

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0015589

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

44642

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Ahmed et al., 2002, Hayashi et al., 1997)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Apc CG1451

(Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.13)

Additional comments

"S(CycE^JP)1S3" is unlikely to correspond to "Apc"; mutations in the two loci complement each other.

(Brumby et al., 2004)

Other Comments

Apc and Apc2 are required in intestinal stem cells in the adult midgut to regulate proliferation.

(Lee et al., 2009)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

shot recruits Eb1/Apc and promotes microtubule assembly at the muscle-tendon junction.

(Subramanian et al., 2003)

Regulation of arm by Apc inhibits neuronal apoptosis during retinal development.

(Ahmed et al., 1998)

Apc is capable of down-regulating β-catenin in a colon carcinoma cell line and of interacting with the arm protein in vivo. Its expression pattern and preliminary genetic analysis suggest that it may not be an essential component of arm regulation in the wg pathway.

(Hayashi et al., 1997)

Identification: cDNA expression library with an antibody against Hsap\APC.

(Ahmed et al., 1996)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 55 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

44642

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0015589

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Apc_1

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG1451

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0015589

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

205670

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

44642

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC004396

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG1451

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0015589

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

P91667

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

69178

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0015589

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0015589

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0015589

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG1451-RA

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0015589

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0015589

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

44642

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Wnt signaling pathway

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Apc

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Apc

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (24)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

APC

(Ngo et al., 2020, Kohlmaier et al., 2015, Pasco et al., 2015, Jenny and Basler, 2014, Kunttas-Tatli et al., 2014, Ferrandon, 2013, Gonzalez, 2013, Mbodj et al., 2013, Morin-Poulard et al., 2013, Puram and Bonni, 2013, Roberts et al., 2012, Zoller and Schulz, 2012, Baranov et al., 2011, Roberts et al., 2011, Vincent et al., 2011, Zhou et al., 2011, Webb et al., 2009, Liebl and Featherstone, 2008, Rao et al., 2008, Wehrli et al., 2008, Zhou et al., 2008, Bakal et al., 2007, Polakis, 2007, Tolwinski, 2007, Tountas and Fortini, 2007, Clevers, 2006, Heeg-Truesdell, 2006, Morrison and Kimble, 2006, Nystul and Spradling, 2006, Frydman et al., 2005, Kai et al., 2005, Marques, 2005, Mennella et al., 2005, Bilder, 2004, Delon and Payre, 2004, Jefferson et al., 2004, Seto and Bellen, 2004, Tolwinski and Wieschaus, 2004, Lin, 2003, Gonczy, 2002, Kalderon, 2002, Tepass et al., 2001, Behrens, 2000, Seidensticker and Behrens, 2000, Bienz, 1999, Morin, 1999, Bergmann et al., 1998, Bienz, 1998, Herskowitz and Stahl, 1998, Shulman et al., 1998, Bassett et al., 1997, Cadigan and Nusse, 1997, Cavallo et al., 1997, Gumbinger, 1997, Nusse, 1997)

APC-like

(Hoopfer et al., 2008)

Apc

(Baker, 2020, Cui et al., 2020, Vaid et al., 2020, Weiner et al., 2020, Campbell et al., 2019, Johansson et al., 2019, Michalak et al., 2019, Mirzoyan et al., 2019, Weigelt et al., 2019, Billmann et al., 2018, Dawson et al., 2018, Perochon et al., 2018, Waghmare and Page-McCaw, 2018, Dai et al., 2017, Neuert et al., 2017, Rahman et al., 2017, Hudry et al., 2016, Morimoto et al., 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Beaven et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Cordero et al., 2014, Kux and Pitsouli, 2014, Zhang et al., 2014, Bejsovec, 2013, Das et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Lin et al., 2013, Markstein, 2013, Webber et al., 2013, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Baranov et al., 2011, Toku et al., 2011, Mattie et al., 2010, Christensen et al., 2009.5.6, Fre et al., 2009, Schmidt et al., 2008, Bakal et al., 2007, Furlong, 2005, Pickeral et al., 2000)

CG1451

(Neuert et al., 2017, Christis and Munro, 2012, De Graeve et al., 2012, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Goldstein and Gunawardena, 2000)

D-APC

(Ahmed et al., 2001, Hafler et al., 2000, Potter et al., 2000, Siegfried and Steitz, 2000, Bonini and Fortini, 1999, Hamada et al., 1999, Hamada et al., 1999, Loureiro, 1999, Polakis, 1999, Ahmed et al., 1998, Russ, 1998, Russ, 1998, Hayashi et al., 1997, Hayashi et al., 1997, Hayashi, 1996.11.11)

D-APC1

(Ahmed et al., 1999)

DAPC

(McEwen and Peifer, 2001)

Dm APC1

(Konikoff et al., 2010)

apc

(Bangi et al., 2019, Lybrand et al., 2019, Enomoto et al., 2018, Richardson and Portela, 2018, Bangi et al., 2016, Gersten et al., 2014, Giuliani et al., 2013, Mendes et al., 2009, Tolwinski, 2009, Yamashita et al., 2004)

apc 1

(Tolwinski, 2009)

apc1

(Popow et al., 2019, Hirabayashi, 2016, Bausek, 2013, Ruggiero et al., 2012, Henthorn et al., 2011, Mendes et al., 2009, Tolwinski, 2009, Lin et al., 2004, Lin et al., 2004, Tolwinski and Wieschaus, 2004, Yamashita et al., 2004, Yamashita et al., 2003, Yamashita et al., 2003)

d-APC

(Ahmed et al., 1996)

dAPC

(Akong et al., 2002, Bienz, 2002, Hamada and Bienz, 2002, Akong et al., 2001, Mimori-Kiyosue and Tsukita, 2001, McCartney et al., 1999, Roose and Clevers, 1999, Rubenstein and Peifer, 1999, van Es et al., 1999, Wells, 1999, Dale, 1998)

dAPC1

(Quijano et al., 2010, Humbert et al., 2003, Bhandari and Shashidhara, 2001)

dApc

(Mendoza-Topaz et al., 2011, Mieszczanek et al., 2008, Bienz and Clevers, 2000, van Es et al., 1999)

dapc1

(De Graeve et al., 2012)

Name Synonyms

APC-like

(Waghmare and Page-McCaw, 2018, Ahmed et al., 1996)

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli

(Zoller and Schulz, 2012, Zimmerman et al., 2010, Marques, 2005)

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli protein

(Zhou et al., 2008)

Adenomatous polyposis coli

(Jenny and Basler, 2014, Kux and Pitsouli, 2014, Das et al., 2013)

Adenomatous polyposis coli 1

(Xin et al., 2011)

adenomatous polyposis coli

(Lin et al., 2013, Morin-Poulard et al., 2013, Baranov et al., 2011, Rusan et al., 2008, Nystul and Spradling, 2006, Hayashi et al., 1997)

adenomatous polyposis coli 1

(Henthorn et al., 2011)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0039604

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

References (291)