FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\NetA

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\NetA

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Netrin-A

Annotation Symbol

CG18657

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0015773

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

109 publicly available

Gene Summary

Netrins control guidance of CNS commissural axons at the midline and peripheral motor axons to their target muscles. (UniProt, Q24567)

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

Netrin, CT27014

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

12F1-12F2

Sequence location

X:14,604,012..14,653,928 [-]

Recombination map

1-49

RefSeq locus

NC_004354 REGION:14604012..14653928

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (13 terms)

Molecular Function (0 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Biological Process (9 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in axon guidance

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:NetB; FB:FBgn0015774

(Brankatschk and Dickson, 2006)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:unc-5; FB:FBgn0034013

(Brankatschk and Dickson, 2006)

involved_in compound eye development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Akin and Zipursky, 2016)

inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:A1Z920,UniProtKB:Q24568

(Akin and Zipursky, 2016)

involved_in dendrite guidance

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:NetB; FB:FBgn0015774

(Furrer et al., 2003)

involved_in glial cell migration

inferred from mutant phenotype

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

involved_in motor neuron axon guidance

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Labrador et al., 2005)

involved_in regulation of photoreceptor cell axon guidance

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Timofeev et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in animal organ morphogenesis

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002576804

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in axon guidance

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Hynes and Zhao, 2000)

involved_in dendrite development

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008501429

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in motor neuron axon guidance

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008501429

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in tissue development

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002576804

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in axonal growth cone

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Akin and Zipursky, 2016)

inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:A1Z920,UniProtKB:Q24568

(Akin and Zipursky, 2016)

located_in cytosol

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in basement membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008501429

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in extracellular matrix

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

(Hynes and Zhao, 2000)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

NETRINS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

NETRINS -: Netrins are secreted axon guidance molecules that guide growing commissural axons towards the midline. They are capable of eliciting either attraction or repulsion of axons by binding to fra or unc-5 receptors. (Adapted from FBrf0191277).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Netrins control guidance of CNS commissural axons at the midline and peripheral motor axons to their target muscles.

(UniProt, Q24567)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

secreted factors that provide instructive guidance cues in axonogenesis

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\NetA for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q24567)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Gene model reviewed during 5.39

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Multiphase exon postulated: exon reading frame differs in alternative transcripts; overlap >20aa.

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

NetA-RA

FBtr0073942

NM_078599

3245

726

NetA-RB

FBtr0308337

NM_001258738

3249

667

NetA-RC

FBtr0346088

NM_001298314

3339

726

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

3.2 (northern blot)

(Harris et al., 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

NetA-PA

FBpp0073759

80.4

726

8.45

FBpp0300656

73.1

667

9.01

FBpp0311922

80.4

726

8.45

Q24567

NP_001285243

AHN59713

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

726 aa isoforms: NetA-PA, NetA-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

727 (aa)

(Harris et al., 1996, Mitchell et al., 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\NetA using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

NetA_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.42

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

visceral trunk mesoderm

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

embryonic brain | restricted

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

presumptive embryonic/larval nervous system | restricted

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

larval neuron

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

neuroblast MNB

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

epidermis | lateral

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

mesectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

mesoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 5

organism | ventral

(Sandler and Stathopoulos, 2016)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

head mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

mesectoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

trunk mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord primordium

Comment: reported as ventral nerve cord anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

mesectoderm anlage

(Kearney et al., 2004)

embryonic stage 8

mesoderm anlage

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

head mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

mesectoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

trunk mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral neurectoderm

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

ventral neurectoderm medial zone

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

embryonic stage 9 -- 11

mesoderm

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

neuroblast

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

embryonic stage 9 -- 12

midline primordium | subset

(Kearney et al., 2004)

embryonic stage 11

neuroblast NB6-2

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

neuroblast NB7-2

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

neuroblast NB7-1

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

neuroblast NB3-3

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

central brain primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

head visceral muscle primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

midline primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval ventral midline glial cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic ventral midline neuroblast

(Fisher et al., 2012)

trunk visceral muscle primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 12 -- 13

larval VUM neuron

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

midline glial cell

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 13 -- 14

leg disc | precursor

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 14

muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 1 -- muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 1

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 2 -- muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 2

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage -- adult stage

(Harris et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

mesectoderm

(Harris et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 13 -- 17

midline glial cell

(Harris et al., 1996)

Additional Descriptive Data

At embryonic stage 10, NetA is expressed in many cells within the medial and ventral neurectoderm as well as in many neuroblasts. By late stage 11, expression has become considerably weaker and restricted to single neuroblasts identified as NB6-2 and NB7-2. Occasionally expression is observed in NB3-3 and NB7-1.

(von Hilchen et al., 2010)

NetA RNA is first detected in the developing CNS in early stage 12 embryos at which time it is observed in a subset of the cells along the midline and in a few cells lateral to the midline. In mid stage 12, expression decreases in the lateral cells and increases in the midline cells. By stage 13, it appears that the midline expression is limited to the midline glia. Midline expression continues throughout embryogenesis.

(Harris et al., 1996)

NetA expression is first observed at the cellular blastoderm stage in the presumptive mesoderm and persists there through gastrulation and then fades. It continues to be expressed strongly in the visceral mesoderm. NetA is first expressed in the ventral midline at stage 12 and 13 in the two anterior pairs of midline glia and in the VUM neurons. Expression fades in the VUM neurons but persists in the midline glia throughout embryogenesis. In addition, expression is seen in a large pair of cells posterior to the posterior commissure wh ch may be associated with the median neuroblast (MNB). NetA is also expressed in a dynamic pattern in some CNS neurons. NetA is expressed in lateral patches in the epidermis which subsequently elongate along the anterior edge of the segment border. It is expressed strongly by dorsal muscle 1 and weakly by dorsal muscle 2. NetA is expressed transiently in the embryonic precursors of the leg discs. Finally it is expressed in many cells in the brain and in some epidermal structures in the head that may be imaginal discs.

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

Marker for

mesoderm

(Sandler and Stathopoulos, 2016)

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

larval muscle system

(Harris et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 6

ventral furrow

(Harris et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

visceral trunk mesoderm

(Harris et al., 1996)

mesectoderm

(Harris et al., 1996)

larval tracheal system

(Harris et al., 1996)

neuron of presumptive embryonic/larval nervous system

• axon

(Harris et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 13

midline glial cell

(Harris et al., 1996)

Additional Descriptive Data

NetA protein is expressed in the CNS starting in stage 12. It is first observed in cells just lateral to the midline and accumulates in midline cells by late stage 12. A variable degree of axon accumulation is observed starting in stage 1 . Weak NetA expression is seen on motor axons as they traverse and synapse with muscles of the dorsal group. It is likely that this expression originates from earlier muscle expression.

(Harris et al., 1996)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in axonal growth cone

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Akin and Zipursky, 2016)

inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:A1Z920,UniProtKB:Q24568

(Akin and Zipursky, 2016)

located_in cytosol

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{GawB}NetA^NP4012

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

lamina monopolar neuron L3

(Timofeev et al., 2012)

medulla layer M3 | restricted

(Timofeev et al., 2012)

neuron | subset of medulla

(Timofeev et al., 2012)

Reporter: PBac{544.SVS-1}NetA^CPTI002152

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

pupal stage P7

lamina monopolar neuron L3

(Timofeev et al., 2012)

neuron | subset of medulla

(Timofeev et al., 2012)

adult stage

adult brain cell body rind | restricted

Comment: adult brain cortex, possibly a subset of cells

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\NetA in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\NetA

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\NetA

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0015773

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

32398/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0015773

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0015773

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0015773

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG18657

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0015773

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\NetA

Stages(s) 1-3
Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 7-8
Stages(s) 9-10
Stages(s) 11-12
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 17 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of NetA

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of NetA

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 8 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 8 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(1)KA9

(Harris et al., 1996, Mitchell et al., 1996)

Df(1)NetAB^Δ

(Newquist et al., 2013)

Df(1)NP5

(Al-Anzi and Wyman, 2009, Kolesnikov and Beckendorf, 2005, Sano et al., 2005, Keleman and Dickson, 2001, Mitchell, 1997.2.17, Mitchell et al., 1996)

Df(1)RK5

(Harris et al., 1996, Mitchell et al., 1996)

Ts(1Lt;YSt)B118+Ts(1Rt;YLt)T9

(Winberg et al., 1998)

Gene not disrupted in

Df(1)RK4

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

In(1)366.2

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

In(1)P363

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

Inferred from location ( 22 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal cell migration | third instar larval stage

NetA^BG02298

abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage

NetA^Δ

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^unspecified

NetA^UAS.cLa

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage

NetA^BG02298

abnormal oxidative stress response

NetA^MB00571

abnormal size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^nub.PU

NetA^NIG.18657R

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

abdominal lch1 neuron | third instar larval stage

NetA^BG02298

abdominal ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch1 | third instar larval stage

NetA^BG02298

abdominal ventral monoscolopidial chordotonal organ vch2 | third instar larval stage

NetA^BG02298

adult optic lobe, with Scer\GAL4^FRT.Act5C, Scer\GAL4^GMR.long, Scer\GAL80^ey.3.5

NetA^RNAi.UAS

axon, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

NetA^UAS.Tag:MYC

axon, with Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

NetA^UAS.cHa

lamina, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PP

NetA^UAS.cHa

larval glial cell | embryonic stage

NetA^Δ

larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

NetA^UAS.Tag:MYC

larval s-LNv neuron, with Scer\GAL4^unspecified

NetA^UAS.cLa

larval transverse nerve, with Scer\GAL4^F63

NetA^UAS.cHa

larval transverse nerve, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

NetA^UAS.cHa

neuron projection | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^unspecified

NetA^UAS.cLa

optic nerve, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

NetA^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell & axon, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PP

NetA^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell & axon, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

NetA^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R8 stalk, with Scer\GAL4^FRT.Act5C, Scer\GAL4^GMR.long, Scer\GAL80^ey.3.5

NetA^RNAi.UAS

symmetrical commissure, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu, Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

NetA^UAS.Tag:MYC

symmetrical commissure, with Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4

NetA^UAS.cHa

wing, with Scer\GAL4^nub.PU

NetA^NIG.18657R

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (21)

Hsap\NTN1

13 of 14

Yes

Hsap\NTN3

12 of 14

Yes

Hsap\NTN5

5 of 14

Yes

Hsap\NTNG1

2 of 14

Hsap\NTNG2

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (17)

Rnor\Ntn1

13 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Ntn3

12 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Ntn5

5 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Ntng1

2 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Ntng2

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (18)

Mmus\Ntn1

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Ntn3

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Ntn5

4 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Ntng1

2 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Ntng2

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (13)

Xtro\ntn1

9 of 13

Yes

Xtro\ntn3

6 of 13

Yes

Xtro\qars1

6 of 13

Xtro\LOC100493770

5 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (22)

Drer\ntn1b

14 of 14

Yes

Drer\ntn1a

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\ntn2

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\ntn5

6 of 14

Yes

Drer\ntng2a

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\ntn4

1 of 14

Drer\ntng1a

1 of 14

Drer\ntng2b

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\si:dkey-202e22.2

1 of 14

Drer\ush2a

1 of 14

Drer\ushbp1

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (7)

Cele\unc-6

13 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (8)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000225

12 of 12

Yes

9 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

Agam\LANB2

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:NetA. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (9)

10 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

dsd

2 of 13

Megf8

2 of 13

trol

2 of 13

SP2353

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

NetA^GD6299

exacerbates atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor

modeled by Snr1^KK101602

(Tegeder et al., 2019)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

NTN1; netrin 1

13 of 14

601614

MIRROR MOVEMENTS 4; MRMV4

NTN3; netrin 3

12 of 14

602349

NTN5; netrin 5

5 of 14

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:

Off

Show/hide secondary interactors
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)

Select Layout:

Force Directed

Circle

Concentric

Legend:

Protein

RNA

Selected Interactor(s)

Other Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

NetA - Sxl

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Sandler et al., 2018)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Show/hide secondary interactors
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

Other Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

NetA

suppressible

fra

(Winberg et al., 1998)

NetA

suppressible

Sema2a

(Winberg et al., 1998)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

hid

suppressible

NetA

(Newquist et al., 2013)

Sema2a

suppressible

NetA

(Winberg et al., 1998)

Smox

suppressible

NetA

(Hevia et al., 2017)

Snr1

suppressible

NetA

(Tegeder et al., 2019)

unc-5

suppressible

NetA|NetB

(Brankatschk and Dickson, 2006)

unc-5

suppressible

NetB|NetA

(Labrador et al., 2005)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

58759

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0015773

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

32398

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

32398

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

1-49

Cytogenetic map

12F1-12F2

Sequence location

X:14,604,012..14,653,928 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

12F1-12F2

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1599 and P{EP}EP334&P{EP}EP977

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

12E10-12E11

(Mitchell, 1996.6.10)

12F1-12F2

(Harris, 1996.7.13)

12E10-12E10

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

12F1-12F2

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Harris et al., 1996)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

1-49

(FlyBase, 2016)

1-47.1

(Comeron et al., 2012)

(Harris, 1996.7.13, Mitchell, 1996.6.10, Mitchell et al., 1996, Mitchell et al., 1994)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (109)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Korea

15924

P{GMR29H12-lexA}JK73A

15967

P{GMR30G06-lexA}JK22C

16003

P{GMR29H12-lexA}JK22C

16096

P{GMR30A07-lexA}attP2

16211

P{R29D11-lexA::GADfl}attP2

17594

PBac{GMR30A07-lexA}VK00027

16187

P{GMR30A07-lexA}su(Hw)attP8

16212

P{R29D11-lexA::GADfl}attP40

18657R-1

18657R-2

v330207

v108577

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (18)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (18)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

RE11206

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0015773

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0015773

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Harris et al., 1996)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Layer specific localisation of NetA and NetB is sufficient for R8 targeting.

(Timofeev et al., 2012)

fra protein can capture Netrin protein (encoded by NetA and NetB) and "present" it for recognition by other receptors.

(Hiramoto et al., 2000)

Although the Netrins are expressed in the target of retinal axons, they are not required for retinal projections.

(Gong et al., 1999)

NetA and NetB function as short-range target recognition molecules for specific motoneurons. The relative balance of Sema-2a and the Netrins controls the choice of a specific target and the avoidance of a potential target. fra is required for Netrin-mediated attraction, but not repulsion.

(Winberg et al., 1998)

NetA and NetB are expressed at the CNS midline and play an important role in commissural growth cone guidance.

(Harris et al., 1996)

Relationship to Netrin not known.

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

NetA and NetB are expressed by subsets of muscles and function in motor axon targetting. Ectopic expression and loss of function analysis in both the CNS and periphery demonstrates the pattern of netrin expression is crucial to correct patterning of axons, providing evidence that Netrins function as instructive rather than simply permissive, guidance cues.

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (15)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG18657

(Hevia et al., 2017, Meadows, 2017.1.11, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2008)

CT27014

(Hynes and Zhao, 2000, Hynes and Zhao, 2000)

NetA

(Hizawa et al., 2024, Janssen and Budd, 2023, Titlow et al., 2023, Albright et al., 2022, Chaturvedi and Murray, 2022, Russell et al., 2021, Slaidina et al., 2021, Tu et al., 2021, Yin et al., 2021, Bridi et al., 2020, Lecheta et al., 2020, Rust et al., 2020, Aberle, 2019, Kang et al., 2019, Tegeder et al., 2019, Cate et al., 2016, Evans, 2016, Gupta et al., 2016, Halachmi et al., 2016, Sandler and Stathopoulos, 2016, Sandler and Stathopoulos, 2016, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-, Nagarkar-Jaiswal et al., 2015, Long et al., 2014, Vernes, 2014, Wolfram et al., 2014, Ibrahim et al., 2013, Macabenta et al., 2013, Newquist et al., 2013, Newquist et al., 2013, Ozkan et al., 2013, Ozkan et al., 2013, Ozkan et al., 2013, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Jordan et al., 2012, Lloret-Llinares et al., 2012, Timofeev et al., 2012, Albrecht et al., 2011, Matthews and Grueber, 2011, Flannery et al., 2010, Mrkusich et al., 2010, Spitzweck et al., 2010, von Hilchen et al., 2010, Simanton et al., 2009, Andrews et al., 2008, Font-Burgada et al., 2008, Hueber et al., 2007, Junion et al., 2007, Peng et al., 2007, Sandmann et al., 2007, Brankatschk and Dickson, 2006, Hiramoto and Hiromi, 2006, Sano et al., 2005)

Netrin

(Rapti, 2023, Malin and Desplan, 2021, Gorla and Bashaw, 2020)

NetrinA

(Hernandez-Fleming et al., 2017, Garbe and Bashaw, 2007)

net

(Morikawa et al., 2011)

netA

(Fischer et al., 2024, Irizarry et al., 2020, Morikawa et al., 2011, Al-Anzi and Wyman, 2009, VanZomeren-Dohm et al., 2008, Bhat et al., 2007, Bhat, 2005, Kolesnikov and Beckendorf, 2005)

netrin

(Furrer et al., 2003)

netrin A

(Furrer et al., 2003)

Name Synonyms

D-netrin

(Tear et al., 1995)

D-netrin-A

(Mitchell et al., 1996)

NETRIN

(Kolesnikov and Beckendorf, 2005)

Netrin

(Millard and Pecot, 2018, Pecot et al., 2014, Macabenta et al., 2013, O'Donnell and Bashaw, 2013, O'Donnell and Bashaw, 2013, Morikawa et al., 2011, von Hilchen et al., 2010, Kolesnikov and Beckendorf, 2004, Goegel et al., 2003, Murphey and Godenschwege, 2002, Giger and Kolodkin, 2001, Keleman and Dickson, 2001, Brose and Tessier-Lavigne, 2000, Sun et al., 2000, Onel et al., 1999, Seeger and Beattie, 1999)

Netrin A

(Dorsten et al., 2010, Flannery et al., 2010, Hiramoto and Hiromi, 2006, Kuzin et al., 2005, Forsthoefel et al., 2003)

Netrin-A

(Matthews and Grueber, 2011, Mrkusich et al., 2010, Southall and Brand, 2009, Garbe et al., 2007, Sano et al., 2005, Noordermeer et al., 1998, Harris, 1996.7.13, Mitchell, 1996.6.10, Mitchell et al., 1996)

NetrinA

(Gupta et al., 2016, Font-Burgada et al., 2008)

netrin

(Yang et al., 2009, Montell, 2006, Ackley and Jin, 2004, Dudu et al., 2004, Arendt and Nubler-Jung, 1999, Hughes and Salinas, 1999, Hummel et al., 1999, O'Connor, 1999, Eisen, 1998)

netrin A

(Cate et al., 2016, VanZomeren-Dohm et al., 2008, Furrer et al., 2003)

netrinA

(Manhire-Heath et al., 2013, Hedgecock and Norris, 1997)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 55 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

32398

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q24567

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q24567

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q24567

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0015773

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

32398/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0015773

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0015773

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0015773

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG18657

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

32398

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

58759

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0015773

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0015773

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0015773

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

NetA_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0015773

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0015773

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG18657

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0015773

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0015773

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC002285

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

32398

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

32398

References (204)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.42

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