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Gene Dmel\stnB

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\stnB	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	stoned B	Annotation symbol	CG12473
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0016975
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	9 publicly available
Also Known As	stn, stn-B
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	20F3-20F3	Sequence location	X:22,382,558..22,406,483 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene stoned B is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\stnB (CG12473, FBgn0016975). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: synaptic transmission; regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis; synaptic vesicle transport; synaptic vesicle endocytosis. 14 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: multivesicular body; axon terminus; synaptic vesicle. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Clathrin adaptor, mu subunit, C-terminal; Stonin; Stonin homology. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 18-24 hour embryonic stages. This gene is annotated by FlyBase as a dicistronic gene, meaning that some or all of its transcripts encode two or more polypeptide-coding open reading frames (ORFs) , with each ORF assigned to a different gene. The distribution of RNA-Seq coverage data amongst the different encoded genes cannot be determined. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1625007_a_at aligns to a genomic region shared by exons of 2 FlyBase-annotated genes; hence it is impossible to interpret the expression pattern and levels of stnB expression signal. See the GBrowse view of stnB to determine the overlapping gene(s). Gene sequence location is X:22382558..22406483.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	stn: stoned (J.C. Hall) Exists as temperature-sensitive behavioral, temperature-sensitive lethal, and unconditionally lethal alleles. Severe behavioral debilitation is quickly induced by shift of adult stn6 and stn7 from 25 to 29; abnormalities at high temperature include uncoordinated leg and wing movements, with complete paralysis never occurring (e.g., legs still move); stn6 causes some debilitation at 22 (slow movements, occasionally falling over); whereas stn7 is more nearly normal at low temperatures, and can even walk with difficulty at 29; at permissive temperatures, stn (allele unspecified) causes unusual jump response to light-off stimulus, which is more pronounced in combination with w (Kelly, 1983b); associated with this abnormal jumping is an increase in amplitude of light-off transient spike of electroretinogram (ERG); in tests of light-adapted mutant, the jump response, as monitored by recordings from indirect flight muscles, habituates with increasing frequencies of light-off stimulation (Kelly, 1983b); combining stn with tan, which by itself leads to decreased amplitude of ERG on and off transients, leads to loss of anomalous jumping and partial restoration of light-off spike. In biochemical experiments, stn (allele unspecified) found to cause accentuation of in vivo phosphorylation of a protein from adult head synaptosomal fractions that is modified in this way by a cAMP-dependent protein kinase, with such phosphorylation being enhanced by exposure of flies to light, prior to extraction (Kelly, 1983a). A protein, which has same molecular weight as the one noted above, found to be phosphorylated in vitro by a fly-derived Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; stn causes increased levels of in vivo phosphorylation of this material (Kelly, 1983b). The temperature-sensitive lethal allele, stn, leads to brief paralysis, followed by sporadic movements, as a result of mechanical shocking (Homyk and Sheppard, 1977, Genetics 87: 95-104); other abnormalities include abnormally short jump and flight distances, apparent absence of on and off transients in ERG, and lethality when raised at 29. Effects of three of the lethal alleles, stn1, stn11, and stn14, were examined during development for effects on gross anatomy of CNS or PNS; no obvious abnormalities were observed (Perrimon et al., 1989).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02	Controlled Vocabulary Terms regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 20F3-20F3
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\stnB for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene split based on EST/cDNA data gene_with_dicistronic_mRNA ; SO:0000722
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) stnB-RE FBtr0302020  NM_001042854   8269   1262 stnB-RF FBtr0302021  NM_001042853   8143   1262
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	8.4 (northern blot) (Andrews et al., 1996)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein stnB-PE   FBpp0291230   137.8   1262   4.34     NP_001036319   ABI31012 stnB-PF   FBpp0291231   137.8   1262   4.34     NP_001036318   EAA46059
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	1260 (aa); 138 (kD observed) (Andrews et al., 1996)
Comments	Unlike the stnA protein, the mobility of the stnB protein is not altered under reducing conditions. The stnB protein shows limited homology to the rat AP50 subunit of the clathrin-associated protein AP2 complex. (Andrews et al., 1996)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Clathrin adaptor, mu subunit, C-terminal (IPR008968) Stonin homology (IPR012320) Stonin (IPR017110)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA141456   AA141593   AA141714   AA142289   AABU01002757 EAA46059   AE014298 ABI31012   AE003200   AI108785   AI109912   AI388323   AI404968   AI406047   AI532562   AI532922   AI533463   AI533692   BF489526   BG632529   BG637093   BG639751   BI142092   BI358319   BI367893   BI368978   BI566296   BI576693   BI586225   BI587964   BI638345   BI638793   BT011172   CO178501   CO178669   CO179410   CO188508   CO189126   CO191044   CO262294   CO263799   CO264175   CO264247   CO264779   CO265090   CO266001   CO266018   CO267776   CO268279   CO268775   CO268945   CO269022   CO269723   CO269956   CO270433   CO270891   CO271243   CO271800   CO271944   CO272166   CO273195   CO273402   CO275019   CO275429   CO275886   CO276096   CO276128   CO276193   CO278056   CO279733   CO280284   CO280398   CO280947   CO281528   CO281956   CO284589   CO285421   CO286209   CO286248   CO286944   CO288445   CO289138   CO289593   CO291601   CO291643   CO292457   CO294536   CO294849   CO294915   CO295160   CO295477   CO296503   CO297280   CO300458   CO300848   CO301773   CO302228   CO303431   CO304688   CO310180   CO315240   CO315692   CO316050   CO316193   CO316223   CO318356   CO318942   CO320331   CO320808   CO320823   CO321339   CO322659   CO322814   CO325971   CO326309   CO326933   CO327053   CO328195   CO328882   CO329271   CO330102   CO330326   CO332695   CO333165   CO334010   CO336331   CO339033   CO339323   CO339724   CO339761   CO340147   CO341811   CO342049   CO342388   CO343822   CO344057   AE014298 EAA46059   EC058536   EC064109   EC066461   EC067464   EC070204   EC071490   EC072369   EC073330   EC080958   EC083893   EC086462   EC195218   EC195813   EC196538   EC197198   EC197487   EC198813   EC201899   EC202038   EC203140   EC204925   EC207450   EC207677   EC208404   EC208901   EC209026   EC209812   EC214383   EC216129   EC216624   EC219096   EC219188   EC220362   EC221042   EC221208   EC221220   EC222137   EC222993   EC223566   EC227696   EC229811   EC234962   EC235091   EC236041   EC237181   EC238888   EC242189   EC242850   EC243375   EC248716   EC250398   EC258811   U54982 AAC16666
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q24212
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage     (Andrews et al., 1996)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference larval stage   neuromuscular junction | restricted   (Verstreken et al., 2009) Comment:Presynaptic western blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   adult abdomen   (Andrews et al., 1996) adult thorax   (Andrews et al., 1996) adult head   (Andrews et al., 1996) head   (Kelly and Phillips, 2005)
Additional Descriptive Data
	The stnB protein is detected at high levels in the adult head, and at much lower levels in the thorax and abdomen. (Andrews et al., 1996)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
endocytic vesicle inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fergestad and Broadie, 2001) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Khanna et al., 2010) inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fergestad and Broadie, 2001) synaptic vesicle inferred from genetic interaction with Syt1 (Phillips et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with Csp (Phillips et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with Syb (Phillips et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with Syt1 (Phillips et al., 2000)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    743.525 Larval Midgut    11.5 Larval Hindgut    5.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.8 Larval Fat Body    5 Larval Salivary Gland    7.3 Larval Trachea    16.425 Larval Carcass    11.225 Adult Head    656 Adult Eye    1047 Adult Brain    1963.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2260.7 Adult Crop    8.7 Adult Midgut    8.6 Adult Hindgut    8.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5.4 Adult Fat Body    16 Adult Salivary Gland    22 Adult Heart    11.35 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    10.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8 Adult Ovary    2.9 Adult Testis    2.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.3 Adult Carcass    45 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (743.525) Larval Midgut    11.5 Larval Hindgut    5.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.8 Larval Fat Body    5 Larval Salivary Gland    7.3 Larval Trachea    16.425 Larval Carcass    11.225 Adult Head  (656) Adult Eye  (1047) Adult Brain  (1963.5) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (2260.7) Adult Crop    8.7 Adult Midgut    8.6 Adult Hindgut    8.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5.4 Adult Fat Body    16 Adult Salivary Gland    22 Adult Heart    11.35 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    10.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8 Adult Ovary    2.9 Adult Testis    2.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.3 Adult Carcass    45 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    743.525 Larval Midgut    11.5 Larval Hindgut    5.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.8 Larval Fat Body    5 Larval Salivary Gland    7.3 Larval Trachea    16.425 Larval Carcass    11.225 Adult Head    656 Adult Eye  1047 Adult Brain  (1963.5) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (2260.7) Adult Crop    8.7 Adult Midgut    8.6 Adult Hindgut    8.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5.4 Adult Fat Body    16 Adult Salivary Gland    22 Adult Heart    11.35 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    10.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8 Adult Ovary    2.9 Adult Testis    2.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.3 Adult Carcass    45 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    743.525 Larval Midgut    11.5 Larval Hindgut    5.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.8 Larval Fat Body    5 Larval Salivary Gland    7.3 Larval Trachea    16.425 Larval Carcass    11.225 Adult Head    656 Adult Eye    1047 Adult Brain    1963.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2260.7 Adult Crop    8.7 Adult Midgut    8.6 Adult Hindgut    8.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5.4 Adult Fat Body    16 Adult Salivary Gland    22 Adult Heart    11.35 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    10.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8 Adult Ovary    2.9 Adult Testis    2.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.3 Adult Carcass    45 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    743.525 Larval Midgut    11.5 Larval Hindgut    5.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.8 Larval Fat Body    5 Larval Salivary Gland    7.3 Larval Trachea    16.425 Larval Carcass    11.225 Adult Head    656 Adult Eye    1047 Adult Brain    1963.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2260.7 Adult Crop    8.7 Adult Midgut    8.6 Adult Hindgut    8.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5.4 Adult Fat Body    16 Adult Salivary Gland    22 Adult Heart    11.35 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    10.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8 Adult Ovary    2.9 Adult Testis    2.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.3 Adult Carcass    45 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  743.525 Larval Midgut    11.5 Larval Hindgut    5.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.8 Larval Fat Body    5 Larval Salivary Gland    7.3 Larval Trachea    16.425 Larval Carcass    11.225 Adult Head  656 Adult Eye  (1047) Adult Brain  (1963.5) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (2260.7) Adult Crop    8.7 Adult Midgut    8.6 Adult Hindgut    8.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5.4 Adult Fat Body    16 Adult Salivary Gland    22 Adult Heart    11.35 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    10.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8 Adult Ovary    2.9 Adult Testis    2.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.3 Adult Carcass    45 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    743.525 Larval Midgut    11.5 Larval Hindgut    5.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.8 Larval Fat Body    5 Larval Salivary Gland    7.3 Larval Trachea    16.425 Larval Carcass    11.225 Adult Head    656 Adult Eye  1047 Adult Brain  (1963.5) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (2260.7) Adult Crop    8.7 Adult Midgut    8.6 Adult Hindgut    8.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5.4 Adult Fat Body    16 Adult Salivary Gland    22 Adult Heart    11.35 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    10.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8 Adult Ovary    2.9 Adult Testis    2.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.3 Adult Carcass    45 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    743.525 Larval Midgut    11.5 Larval Hindgut    5.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    2.8 Larval Fat Body    5 Larval Salivary Gland    7.3 Larval Trachea    16.425 Larval Carcass    11.225 Adult Head    656 Adult Eye    1047 Adult Brain    1963.5 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2260.7 Adult Crop    8.7 Adult Midgut    8.6 Adult Hindgut    8.3 Adult Malpighian Tubules    5.4 Adult Fat Body    16 Adult Salivary Gland    22 Adult Heart    11.35 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    10.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8 Adult Ovary    2.9 Adult Testis    2.1 Adult Male Accessory Gland    9.3 Adult Carcass    45 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    656   NA  Eye    1047   NA  Brain    1963.5   743.525  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    2260.7   NA  Crop    8.7   11.5  Midgut    8.6   5.8  Hindgut    8.3   2.8  Malpighian Tubules    5.4   5  Fat Body    16   7.3  Salivary Gland    no informative data   NA  Heart    11.35   no informative data  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    no informative data   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    10.8   NA  Ovary    2.9   NA  Testis    2.1   NA  Male Accessory Gland    9.3   no informative data  Carcass    45 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    38 central nervous system, pupae P8    109 head, virgin 1-day female    78 head, virgin 4-day female    54 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    58 head, mated 4-day female    47 head, mated 20-day female    41 head, mated 1-day male    134 head, mated 4-day male    96 head, mated 20-day male    77 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    11 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    7 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    6 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3  (38) central nervous system, pupae P8  (109) head, virgin 1-day female  (78) head, virgin 4-day female  (54) head, virgin 20-day female  (45) head, mated 1-day female  (58) head, mated 4-day female  (47) head, mated 20-day female  (41) head, mated 1-day male  (134) head, mated 4-day male  (96) head, mated 20-day male  (77) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    11 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    7 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    6 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    38 central nervous system, pupae P8  (109) head, virgin 1-day female    78 head, virgin 4-day female    54 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    58 head, mated 4-day female    47 head, mated 20-day female    41 head, mated 1-day male  (134) head, mated 4-day male    96 head, mated 20-day male    77 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    11 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    7 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    6 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    38 central nervous system, pupae P8    109 head, virgin 1-day female    78 head, virgin 4-day female    54 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    58 head, mated 4-day female    47 head, mated 20-day female    41 head, mated 1-day male    134 head, mated 4-day male    96 head, mated 20-day male    77 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    11 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    7 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    6 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    38 central nervous system, pupae P8    109 head, virgin 1-day female    78 head, virgin 4-day female    54 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    58 head, mated 4-day female    47 head, mated 20-day female    41 head, mated 1-day male    134 head, mated 4-day male    96 head, mated 20-day male    77 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    11 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    7 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    6 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3  (38) central nervous system, pupae P8  (109) head, virgin 1-day female  (78) head, virgin 4-day female  (54) head, virgin 20-day female  (45) head, mated 1-day female  (58) head, mated 4-day female  (47) head, mated 20-day female  (41) head, mated 1-day male  (134) head, mated 4-day male  (96) head, mated 20-day male  (77) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    11 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    7 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    6 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    38 central nervous system, pupae P8  109 head, virgin 1-day female    78 head, virgin 4-day female    54 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    58 head, mated 4-day female    47 head, mated 20-day female    41 head, mated 1-day male  134 head, mated 4-day male    96 head, mated 20-day male    77 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    11 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    7 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    6 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    38 central nervous system, pupae P8    109 head, virgin 1-day female    78 head, virgin 4-day female    54 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    58 head, mated 4-day female    47 head, mated 20-day female    41 head, mated 1-day male    134 head, mated 4-day male    96 head, mated 20-day male    77 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    0 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    1 fat body, pupae P8    11 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    7 carcass, 1-day adult    7 carcass, 4-day adult    6 carcass, 20-day adult    5 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed within 18-24 hour embryonic stages. This gene is annotated by FlyBase as a dicistronic gene, meaning that some or all of its transcripts encode two or more polypeptide-coding open reading frames (ORFs) , with each ORF assigned to a different gene. The distribution of RNA-Seq coverage data amongst the different encoded genes cannot be determined. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    4 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    17 embryo 22-24hr    18 larva L1    17 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    8 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    17 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    13 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    6 adult female 05day    2 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    4 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    17 embryo 22-24hr    18 larva L1    17 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    8 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    17 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    13 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    6 adult female 05day    2 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    4 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    17 embryo 22-24hr    18 larva L1    17 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    8 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    17 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    13 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    6 adult female 05day    2 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    4 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    17 embryo 22-24hr    18 larva L1    17 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    8 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    17 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    13 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    6 adult female 05day    2 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    4 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    17 embryo 22-24hr    18 larva L1    17 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    8 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    17 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    13 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    6 adult female 05day    2 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    4 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    17 embryo 22-24hr    18 larva L1    17 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    8 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    17 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    13 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    6 adult female 05day    2 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    4 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    17 embryo 22-24hr    18 larva L1    17 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    8 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    17 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    13 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    6 adult female 05day    2 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    1 embryo 12-14hr    4 embryo 14-16hr    9 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    18 embryo 20-22hr    17 embryo 22-24hr    18 larva L1    17 larva L2    5 larva L3 12hr old    2 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    2 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2 white prepupae new    2 white prepupae 12hr    5 white prepupae 24hr    8 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    17 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    13 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    6 adult female 05day    2 adult female 30day    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    5 Schneider line 2 Sg4    1 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    1 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    1 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    2 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    2 tumorous blood cells mbn2    3 ovary fGS/OSS    3 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    5 Schneider line 2 Sg4    1 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    1 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    1 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    2 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    2 tumorous blood cells mbn2    3 ovary fGS/OSS    3 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    5 Schneider line 2 Sg4    1 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    1 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    1 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    2 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    2 tumorous blood cells mbn2    3 ovary fGS/OSS    3 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    5 Schneider line 2 Sg4    1 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    1 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    1 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    2 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    2 tumorous blood cells mbn2    3 ovary fGS/OSS    3 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    5 Schneider line 2 Sg4    1 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    1 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    1 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    2 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    2 tumorous blood cells mbn2    3 ovary fGS/OSS    3 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    5 Schneider line 2 Sg4    1 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    1 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    1 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    2 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    2 tumorous blood cells mbn2    3 ovary fGS/OSS    3 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    5 Schneider line 2 Sg4    1 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    1 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    1 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    2 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    2 tumorous blood cells mbn2    3 ovary fGS/OSS    3 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    5 Schneider line 2 Sg4    1 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    1 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    1 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    2 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    1 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    2 tumorous blood cells mbn2    3 ovary fGS/OSS    3 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    9 cold shock, 4-day adult    8 heat shock, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    9 cold shock, 4-day adult    8 heat shock, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    9 cold shock, 4-day adult    8 heat shock, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    9 cold shock, 4-day adult    8 heat shock, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    9 cold shock, 4-day adult    8 heat shock, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    9 cold shock, 4-day adult    8 heat shock, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    9 cold shock, 4-day adult    8 heat shock, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    9 cold shock, 4-day adult    8 heat shock, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    3 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    1 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_14 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_11
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0016975
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal stnB12 lethal | embryonic stage stnB14 lethal | embryonic stage | recessive stnB14 lethal | recessive stnB14 partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with P{UAS-stnB.M}vl stnB12 viable, with P{UAS-stnB.M}l stnB12 viable, with P{UAS-stnB.M}m stnB12 Other Phenotypes Allele behavior defective | recessive stnB14 neuroanatomy defective | third instar larval stage, with P{UAS-stnB.M}vl stnB12 neurophysiology defective stnB3 stnB12 stnB14 stnB15 neurophysiology defective | third instar larval stage stnB15 neurophysiology defective | third instar larval stage, with P{UAS-stnB.M}vl stnB12 short lived, with P{UAS-stnB.M}vl stnB12 uncoordinated, with P{UAS-stnB.M}vl stnB12 uncoordinated | embryonic stage | recessive stnB14 Phenotype manifest in Allele axon terminus stnB12 stnB14 stnB15 stnB3 embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage stnB15 embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with P{UAS-stnB.M}vl stnB12 multivesicular body stnB12 stnB14 stnB15 stnB3 NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with P{UAS-stnB.M}vl stnB12 synaptic vesicle stnB12 stnB14 stnB15 stnB3 synaptic vesicle | third instar larval stage, with P{UAS-stnB.M}vl stnB12
Classical Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of stnB Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion stnB15 loss of function allele 1 Yes stnBMB04192 1 -- stnB12 0 -- stnB14 loss of function allele P-element activity PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes stnB1 0 Yes stnB3 0 -- stnB6 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of stnB Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion stnBScer\UAS.cEa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 4 Yes stnBAB.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes stnBJF03130 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes stnBScer\UAS.cMa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes stnBScer\UAS.T:Zzzz\His6.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes stnBY1125G.R1135A.Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\His6.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes stnBΔMHD.Scer\UAS.T:Zzzz\His6.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)17-137 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)17-489 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)30A (Zusman et al., 1985, Petrovich et al., 1993) Df(1)A209 (Zusman et al., 1985) Df(1)D43L1 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)DCB1-35b (Zusman et al., 1985, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)EA113 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA22 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA40 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)HF359 (Perrimon et al., 1989, Andrews et al., 1996) Df(1)HM430 (Fergestad et al., 1999, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)JA21 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)JC4 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)JC12 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)LB7 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)LB23 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)mal12 (Zusman et al., 1985) Df(1)N77 (Perrimon et al., 1989)
Not disrupted in	Df(1)2/19B (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)16-2-13 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)16-3-35 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)16-129 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)17-148 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)17-257 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)17-351 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)26B (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)A53 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)A118 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)B57 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)C74 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)DCB1-35c (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA33 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA37 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA90 (Zusman et al., 1985) Df(1)GA104 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA131 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GE263 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)HC279 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)HM44 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)JA117 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)JC77 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)LB6 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)mal8 (Zusman et al., 1985) Df(1)mal10 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)mal17 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)Q539 (Zusman et al., 1985, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)run1112 (Zusman et al., 1985, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)S54 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)su(f)733 (Andrews et al., 1996) Df(1)T2-14A (Perrimon et al., 1989)
Duplicated in	Dp(1;f)3 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;f)mini2 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;f)mini6 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;f)mini77 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;f)mini-ring (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)B101 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)BS (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)y+mal102 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)y+mal126 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)y+mal171 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Ts(1Rt;YLt)B108 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Ts(1Rt;YLt)B109 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Ts(1Rt;YLt)B154 (Perrimon et al., 1989)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{TRiP.JF03130} NA P{UAS-stnAB.E} NA P{UAS-stnB.6xHis.MYC} NA P{UAS-stnB.E} NA P{UAS-stnB.M} NA P{UAS-stnB.MHD.6xHis.MYC} NA P{UAS-stnB.Y1125G.R1135A.6xHis.MYC} NA characterization construct P{UAS-AP-2μ::stnB.6xHis.MYC} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions I{}stnB14 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}stnBMB04192 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 15 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
protein binding inferred from physical interaction with stnA (assigned by UniProtKB) (Phillips et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with Syt1 (assigned by UniProtKB) (Phillips et al., 2000)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis inferred from mutant phenotype (Mohrmann et al., 2008) synaptic transmission inferred from mutant phenotype (Estes et al., 2003) synaptic vesicle endocytosis inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Stimson et al., 1998) synaptic vesicle transport inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fergestad et al., 1999)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
endocytic vesicle inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fergestad and Broadie, 2001) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Khanna et al., 2010) inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Fergestad and Broadie, 2001) synaptic vesicle inferred from genetic interaction with Syt1 (Phillips et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with Csp (Phillips et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with Syb (Phillips et al., 2000) inferred from physical interaction with Syt1 (Phillips et al., 2000)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 8 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
intracellular protein transport inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008968 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) neurotransmitter secretion non-traceable author statement (Stimson and Ramaswami, 1999) synaptic vesicle coating traceable author statement (Stimson and Ramaswami, 1999) vesicle coating traceable author statement (Stimson and Ramaswami, 1999)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
clathrin adaptor complex inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008968 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) coated vesicle traceable author statement (Stimson and Ramaswami, 1999) NOT integral to membrane inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Phillips et al., 2000) synaptic vesicle traceable author statement (Stimson and Ramaswami, 1999)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene_with_dicistronic_mRNA (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003, Drosophila Heterochromatin Genome Project, 2006) nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions stnB allele Gene References stnB1 stnA (Stimson et al., 2001, Estes et al., 2003) stnB6 shi (Stimson et al., 2001) stnA (Stimson et al., 2001) stnB12 stnA (Stimson et al., 2001, Estes et al., 2003) stnB15 stnA (Estes et al., 2003) stnBAB.Scer\UAS stnA (Estes et al., 2003) unspecified shi (Andrews et al., 1996) Syt1 (Fergestad and Broadie, 2001)
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0016975 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 4379834 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • Q24212
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (47) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG65X8FF Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6W0XN3 Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6GHXJ0 Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6N5TBR Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG600DB1
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG65X8FF)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\stnB     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD17270     Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM10054     Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG17501     Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE15258     Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF22155     Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA23086     Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL16536     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK20028     Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ18922     Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI14953     Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH12861
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6W0XN3)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL000239   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP000363   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ006303
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6GHXJ0)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\stnB   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG012389   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH18974   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP27508   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP27510   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO21105   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL14663   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH21884   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB21949   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV20632   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI068713   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA008561   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM229840   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\GLEAN_07752
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6N5TBR)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\EG:132E8.3
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG600DB1)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\unc-41   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_009650gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\zgc:113338   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\zgc:154100   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\gtf2a1l   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\gtf2a1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\STON2   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\421307   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Ston2   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Ston1   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Gtf2a1l   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Ston1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Gtf2a1l   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Ston2   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ALF   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000140022   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\STON1
Human Orthologs (3)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\ALF     Hsap\ENSG00000140022     Hsap\STON1
AAA Orthologs (0) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
No orthologs identified
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 9 )
Bloomington	27331 w* stnB15 9652 P{UAS-stnB.E}4, w1118 26790 y1 w*; P{UAS-stnAB.E}2 9653 y1 w1118; P{UAS-stnB.E}5 9654 y1 w1118; P{UAS-stnB.E}15 9655 y1 w67c23; P{UAS-stnAB.E}1 9656 y1 w67c23; P{UAS-stnB.E}5; P{UAS-stnB.E}15 24572 w1118 Mi{ET1}stnBMB04192 stnAMB04192 28510 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF03130}attP2/TM3, Sb1
Genomic Clones ( 0 )
cDNA Clones ( 182 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RH38069
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT25571 GH08040 GH09308 GH10063 GH19180 GH24854 GH26233 RE45055 RE53763 RE55048 RH26080 RH28905 RH33303 RH35507 SD04109 SD04572 SD05284 SD05505 SD05593 SD14952 SD16092 SD20610 SD21173
Other clones	14899 29233 29567 29907 30720 30946 31487 38848 40577 55432 61824 63079 63660 70332 78343 78366 83248 97873 106998 117687 120077 121260 160538 173406 175759 183195 183207 192026 192254 214343.70 277059 CK01.41A.H7 CK01.52D.C9 CK01.62D.H9 CK01.71D.E3 CK01.80A.G4 CK01.81D.F2 CK01.88D.B2 CK01.89B.F7 CK01.91B.F5 CK01.93D.D3 CK01.94A.H4 CK01.101D.C4 CK01.109B.D8 CK01.122B.B6 CK01.143B.E11 CK01.145C.G8 CK01.145D.A12 CK01.145D.B12 CK01.146A.H5 CK01.170C.H6 CK01358 CK01771 CK02256 CK02693 EK040554 EK043111 EK050531 EK056914 EK057316 EK059327 EK062058 EK062229 EK064340 EK068527 EK070216 EK071423 EK084963 EK090809 EK092643 EK093145 EK093339 EK095703 EK097007 EK098848 EK100937 EK102527 EK104648 EK105244 EK106046 EK110013 EK110833 EK116220 EK117556 EK119043 EK119660 EK119740 EK119931 EK128624 EK135752 EK136507 EK137850 EK138314 EK140318 EK141514 EK144653 EK144714 EK151819 EK153618 EK153953 EK155537 EK157360 EK159163 EK166349 EK168941 EK178232 EK179526 EK182133 EK183708 EK185461 EK188604 EK188964 EK197806 EK197861 EK200229 EK207145 EK207832 EK207953 EK208757 EK209943 EK213836 EK216544 EK220651 EK239744 EK241438 EK245728 EK262215 EK263512 EK263921 EK264004 EK271801 EK275438 EK284052 EK288311 EK288335 EK291606 EK292408 EK294533 EK294962 EK304241 EK306108 EK308608 EN12324 EP00647 EP01622 EP03007 EP03630 EP05010 EP05631 EP08731 EP09350 EP10112 EP13216 EP13712 EP14817 EP18140 EP18609 EP22363
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0016975 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 4379834
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Andrews et al., 1996, Kelly and Phillips, 2005)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Additional comments	One or more of the processed transcripts for this gene contain(s) two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). The non-overlapping ORFs are represented by stnA and stnB. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
Other Comments
	Rescue analysis suggests that the stnB open reading frame (ORF) encodes all vital and important functions of the dicistronic "stn" locus and that the stnA ORF encodes a dispensible protein. However, this interpretation is limited by the absence of a true null for "stn" due to partial rescue of presynaptic stnA protein by transgenically provided stnB protein. (Estes et al., 2003) Neuronal expression of a dicistronic "stn" transcript (encoding both stnA and stnB proteins) is sufficient to rescue various phenotypic defects of "stn" mutants, including lethality and defects in evoked transmitter release and syt protein localisation at the nerve terminals. In addition, neural expression of a monocistronic stnB transgene is sufficient to rescue all these defects. In contrast, neural expression of a monocistronic stnA transgene does not rescue any of the "stn" mutant phenotypes. In addition, "stn" is required for regulating normal growth and morphology of the motor terminal, and this function is also provided by a monocistronic stnB transgene. (Estes et al., 2003) "stn" mutants show a striking decrease in the size of the endo-exo-cycling synaptic vesicle pool and loss of spatial regulation of the vesicular recycling intermediates. Mutant synapses display a significant delay in vesicular membrane retrieval after depolarisation and neurotransmitter release. (Fergestad and Broadie, 2001) Expression analysis suggests that mutation in the first open reading frame, stnA, of the stoned dicistronic transcript renders the second reading frame, stnB, unreadable. (Fergestad et al., 1999) The stnA and stnB proteins are essential for the recycling of synaptic vesicle membrane and are required for the proper sorting of the syt gene product during endocytosis. (Fergestad et al., 1999) The 'stoned' locus produces a dicistronic transcript and encodes two distinct polypeptides. The structure of the protein encoded by the stnB ORF suggests a possible role in membrane trafficking, allowing an interpretation of the interaction seen between temperature sensitive 'stoned' and shi mutants. (Andrews et al., 1996)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_001042853 NM_001042854 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_001036318 NP_001036319 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AABU01002757 AAC16666 ABI31012 AE003066 AE003200 EAA46059 U54982 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 4379834 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q24212
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Clathrin adaptor, mu subunit, C-terminal (IPR008968) Stonin homology (IPR012320) Stonin (IPR017110)
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0016975 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0016975 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0016975 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0016975 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 4379834 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /hjmuller/stoned1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 4379834 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0016975 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • Q24212
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 15 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG12473 (Drosophila Heterochromatin Genome Project, 2006, Perkins et al., 2009, Khanna et al., 2010) CG40306   ORF2 (Smith et al., 1997) stn (Narayanan and Ramaswami, 2001, Ramaswami et al., 1997, Phillips et al., 1997, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Miklos and Cotsell, 1990, O'Hare et al., 2002, Majumdar et al., 2006) stn-B (Kelly, 1996.4.14, Burden and Osheroff, 1999, Jepson and Reenan, 2009) STNB (Smith et al., 1997, Smith and Kelly, 1996, Mullen et al., 2012, Mohrmann et al., 2008, Vijayakrishnan et al., 2010) stnB (Wall et al., 2005, Kelly and Phillips, 2005, Bhogal et al., 2011, Mohrmann et al., 2008) StnB (Verstreken et al., 2009)
Name Synonym	stoned (Boehm, 2001, Hirst and Robinson, 1998, Blumenthal, 1998, Vijayakrishnan et al., 2010, Majumdar et al., 2006, Mohrmann et al., 2008) Stoned (Mohrmann et al., 2008) stonedB (Narayanan and Ramaswami, 2001, Buff et al., 2007) StonedB (Verstreken and Bellen, 2006) stoned B   Stoned B (Koh et al., 2007, Verstreken et al., 2009, Khanna et al., 2010, Majumdar et al., 2006) stoned-B (Bhogal et al., 2011)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBan0012473 FBgn0003533 FBgn0058306 FBgn0063778
References ( 63 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 63 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 29 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 9 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 5 ) Abstract  ( 11 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Mullen et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(7): e40095 UNC-41/Stonin Functions with AP2 to Recycle Synaptic Vesicles in Caenorhabditis elegans. [FBrf0218922] Soekmadji et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(6): e38822 Ca(2+) Regulates the Drosophila Stoned-A and Stoned-B Proteins Interaction with the C2B Domain of Synaptotagmin-1. [FBrf0218619] Bhogal et al., 2011, Nat. Neurosci. 14(12): 1517--1524 Modulation of dADAR-dependent RNA editing by the Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein. [FBrf0216747] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...