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Gene Dmel\spen

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\spen	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	split ends	Annotation symbol	CG18497
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0016977
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	38 publicly available
Also Known As	poc, l(2)03350, rno, l(2)k08102, l(2)k07612, l(2)k06805
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	21B3-21B4	Sequence location	2L:159,032..203,250 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene split ends is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\spen (CG18497, FBgn0016977). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. An electronic pipeline based on InterPro domains suggests that it has the molecular function: nucleotide binding; nucleic acid binding. There is experimental evidence for 15 unique biological process terms, many of which group under: biological regulation; single-organism developmental process; system development; cellular component organization or biogenesis; sensory organ development; post-embryonic organ morphogenesis; cell fate commitment; neuroblast fate commitment; localization; segment specification. 100 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; organ system subdivision; cephalopharyngeal skeleton; multicellular structure; peripheral nervous system; external compound sense organ; acellular anatomical structure; pharyngeal sclerite; eo support cell; non-connected developing system. It has 8 annotated transcripts and 8 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait; RNA recognition motif domain; Spen Paralogue and Orthologue SPOC, C-terminal-like; Spen paralogue and orthologue SPOC, C-terminal; Spen paralogue/orthologue C-terminal, metazoa. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, at stages throughout the pupal period. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval trachea, adult spermathecae. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, adult ovary, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1641518_a_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 3 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of spen. Gene sequence location is 2L:159032..203250.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03	Alleles spen[MI07821] spen[rev2] Controlled Vocabulary Terms defense response to fungus
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 21B3-21B4   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}spenk06805&P{lacW}l(2)k13604k13604 and P{lacW}U2af38k14504
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 21B4-21B6   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Abdelilah-Seyfried et al., 2000) 21B4-21B6     (Rebay, 1999.9.8) 21A4-21B6     (Wiellette, 1999.9.18) 21B4-21B6   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 21B4-21B5   21B4--6   (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2- (Kolodziej et al., 1995, Lane et al., 2000) 2-1.0 +/- 0.5 (Dickson et al., 1996)
Left of (cM)	px (Kolodziej et al., 1995)
Right of (cM)	pr (Kolodziej et al., 1995)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\spen for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.44 Gene model reviewed during 5.45 Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) spen-RA FBtr0078122  NM_164374   17880   5560 spen-RB FBtr0078121  NM_079979   19457   5533 spen-RC FBtr0078123  NM_164375   18859   5476 spen-RD FBtr0306341  NM_001258887   17963   5505 spen-RE FBtr0330652  NM_001272875   20622   5505 spen-RF FBtr0330653  NM_001272876   18434   5510 spen-RG FBtr0332336  NM_001272873   19571   5487 spen-RH FBtr0332337  NM_001272874   17143   5458
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	20 (northern blot) (Wiellette et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein spen-PA   FBpp0077781   600.0   5560   8.90     NP_722615   AAF51535 spen-PB   FBpp0077780   597.1   5533   8.88     NP_524718   AAF51534 spen-PC   FBpp0077782   590.5   5476   8.84     NP_722616   AAN10511 spen-PD   FBpp0297434   593.5   5505   8.81     NP_001245816   AFH03493 spen-PE   FBpp0303502   593.5   5505   8.81     NP_001259804   AGB92341 spen-PF   FBpp0303503   594.0   5510   8.86     NP_001259805   AGB92342 spen-PG   FBpp0304613   591.5   5487   8.76     NP_001259802   AGB92339 spen-PH   FBpp0304614   588.5   5458   8.79     NP_001259803   AGB92340
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	5533, 5476 (aa); 597 (kD predicted) (Wiellette et al., 1999) 5476 (aa) (Rebay et al., 2000)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • RNA recognition motif domain (IPR000504) Spen paralogue/orthologue C-terminal, metazoa (IPR010912) Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait (IPR012677) Spen paralogue and orthologue SPOC, C-terminal (IPR012921) SPOC like C-terminal domain (IPR016194)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA202841   AA246553   AA440319   AA567849   AA698071   AA950754   AA979070   AE014134 AAF51534   AE014134 AAF51535   AE014134 AAN10511   AC005334   AF184612 AAF26299   AF188205 AAF13218   AF195186   AF221715 AAF34661   AE014134 AFH03493   AE014134 AGB92339   AE014134 AGB92340   AE014134 AGB92341   AE014134 AGB92342   AI135571   AI237923   AI296461   AI296533   AI388362   AI455918   AI531840   AQ025806   AQ025855   AQ254876   AW941153   AW942038   AW942345   AW944286   AY060834 AAL28382   AY075571   AY094788 AAM11141   AY863551   AY863552   AY863553   AY863554   AY863555   AY863556   AY863557   AY863558   AY863559   AY863560   AY863561   AY863562   AY863563   AY863564   AY863565   AY863566   AY863567   AY863568   AY863569   AY863570   AY863571   AY863572   AY863573   BF495889   BF503834   BG632612   BG635395   BH634796   BI353182   BI361387   BI618312   BI625009   BI635338   BI635415   BI635705   BI640578   BP544795   BP544796   BP548792   BP548793   BP552278   BP555452   BP555453   BP559615   BQ103203   BT024966   BT088916   CK605112   CL868578   CO153463   CO188981   CO189968   CO196478   CO267104   CO271856   CO273157   CO275657   CO276991   CO278591   CO286148   CO287017   CO288894   CO290302   CO292473   CO299209   CO299546   CO300411   CO303093   CO303220   CO308622   CO313049   CO313465   CO318118   CO318164   CO319029   CO319052   CO319916   CO322692   CO324910   CO327553   CO334126   CO337459   CO337465   CO338568   CO340672   CO341822   CO344273   CO344350   CZ472853   CZ472854   CZ473517   CZ477852   CZ478897   CZ480437   CZ481541   CZ482858   CZ483311   CZ485765   CZ485766   CZ489860   EC056741   EC056802   EC058436   EC059483   EC063231   EC065111   EC065253   EC065923   EC069414   EC070351   EC070850   EC074375   EC077012   EC079935   EC080673   EC084136   EC084636   EC085168   EC087967   EC194664   EC197723   EC201421   EC204525   EC206421   EC209314   EC209710   EC215949   EC216953   EC217251   EC221508   EC222157   EC222856   EC224105   EC224308   EC228405   EC230136   EC231312   EC231476   EC233442   EC235034   EC235038   EC235314   EC238337   EC239940   EC242096   EC244066   EC244070   EC244133   EC251974   EC252565   EC253381   EC255090   EC257600   EC263659   EC264237   EC266998   EC268028   EL875362   EL875363   EL878814   EL884088   EL884089   EV577005   EV578468   EV581650   EV583047   EV591949   FF579074   FF579120   FF579341   FF579565   G00736   GH765498   GH779673
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q8SX83
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q95SE2
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic brain   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) RT-PCR Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Wiellette et al., 1999) embryonic stage 1 -- 17     (Wiellette et al., 1999) Comment:reference states 0-24 hr AEL embryonic stage 4 -- 17     (Wiellette et al., 1999) Comment:reference states 2-24 hr AEL
Additional Descriptive Data
	A probe specific for the long spen isoform does not detect spen transcripts in northern blots of 0-2 hr embryos, but both short and long isoforms are detected in all embryonic stages using RT-PCR. (Wiellette et al., 1999)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   organism   (Lin et al., 2003) embryonic stage 3 -- 17   organism   (Wiellette et al., 1999) embryonic stage 5 -- 10   somatic cell   • nucleus (Kuang et al., 2000) embryonic stage 9 -- 14   presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system   (Wiellette et al., 1999) embryonic epidermis   (Wiellette et al., 1999) embryonic stage 12   epidermal cell   • nucleus (Kuang et al., 2000) embryonic stage 13   midline glial cell   • nucleus (Chen and Rebay, 2000) embryonic stage 17   embryonic/larval central nervous system   • nucleus (Kuang et al., 2000) larval stage   ventral thoracic disc   (Lin et al., 2003) eye disc   • nucleus (Lin et al., 2003) wing disc   (Lin et al., 2003) mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
	spen proteins are expressed in most cell types starting in stage 3 embryonic nuclei. Expression continues through the rest of embryogenesis, and is concentrated in nuclei. Higher levels of expression are detected in the epidermis and central nervous system in stage 9-14 embryos. (Wiellette et al., 1999)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Wiellette et al., 1999, Kuang et al., 2000, Lin et al., 2003)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult organs/tissues expressed at moderate or high levels. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval trachea, adult spermathecae. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, adult ovary, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1109.675 Larval Midgut    299.6 Larval Hindgut    426.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    383.7 Larval Fat Body    296.2 Larval Salivary Gland    492 Larval Trachea    1023.875 Larval Carcass    448.425 Adult Head    345.4 Adult Eye    596.15 Adult Brain    1140.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    919.2 Adult Crop    534.8 Adult Midgut    328.3 Adult Hindgut    465.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    416.7 Adult Fat Body    384.4 Adult Salivary Gland    484.2 Adult Heart    459.05 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    523.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    613.4 Adult Ovary    182.4 Adult Testis    33.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    287.8 Adult Carcass    242.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1109.675) Larval Midgut    299.6 Larval Hindgut    426.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    383.7 Larval Fat Body    296.2 Larval Salivary Gland    492 Larval Trachea  (1023.875) Larval Carcass    448.425 Adult Head    345.4 Adult Eye  (596.15) Adult Brain  (1140.1) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (919.2) Adult Crop  534.8 Adult Midgut    328.3 Adult Hindgut    465.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    416.7 Adult Fat Body    384.4 Adult Salivary Gland    484.2 Adult Heart    459.05 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  523.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  (613.4) Adult Ovary    182.4 Adult Testis    33.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    287.8 Adult Carcass    242.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1109.675) Larval Midgut    299.6 Larval Hindgut    426.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    383.7 Larval Fat Body    296.2 Larval Salivary Gland    492 Larval Trachea  1023.875 Larval Carcass    448.425 Adult Head    345.4 Adult Eye    596.15 Adult Brain  (1140.1) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    919.2 Adult Crop    534.8 Adult Midgut    328.3 Adult Hindgut    465.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    416.7 Adult Fat Body    384.4 Adult Salivary Gland    484.2 Adult Heart    459.05 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    523.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    613.4 Adult Ovary    182.4 Adult Testis    33.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    287.8 Adult Carcass    242.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1109.675 Larval Midgut    299.6 Larval Hindgut    426.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    383.7 Larval Fat Body    296.2 Larval Salivary Gland    492 Larval Trachea    1023.875 Larval Carcass    448.425 Adult Head    345.4 Adult Eye    596.15 Adult Brain    1140.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    919.2 Adult Crop    534.8 Adult Midgut    328.3 Adult Hindgut    465.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    416.7 Adult Fat Body    384.4 Adult Salivary Gland    484.2 Adult Heart    459.05 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    523.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    613.4 Adult Ovary    182.4 Adult Testis    33.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    287.8 Adult Carcass    242.3 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1109.675 Larval Midgut    299.6 Larval Hindgut    426.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    383.7 Larval Fat Body    296.2 Larval Salivary Gland    492 Larval Trachea    1023.875 Larval Carcass    448.425 Adult Head    345.4 Adult Eye    596.15 Adult Brain    1140.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    919.2 Adult Crop    534.8 Adult Midgut    328.3 Adult Hindgut    465.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    416.7 Adult Fat Body    384.4 Adult Salivary Gland    484.2 Adult Heart    459.05 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    523.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    613.4 Adult Ovary    182.4 Adult Testis    33.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    287.8 Adult Carcass    242.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  (1109.675) Larval Midgut    299.6 Larval Hindgut    426.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    383.7 Larval Fat Body    296.2 Larval Salivary Gland    492 Larval Trachea  (1023.875) Larval Carcass    448.425 Adult Head    345.4 Adult Eye  596.15 Adult Brain  (1140.1) Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion  (919.2) Adult Crop  534.8 Adult Midgut    328.3 Adult Hindgut    465.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    416.7 Adult Fat Body    384.4 Adult Salivary Gland    484.2 Adult Heart    459.05 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca  523.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca  613.4 Adult Ovary    182.4 Adult Testis    33.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    287.8 Adult Carcass    242.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System  1109.675 Larval Midgut    299.6 Larval Hindgut    426.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    383.7 Larval Fat Body    296.2 Larval Salivary Gland    492 Larval Trachea  1023.875 Larval Carcass    448.425 Adult Head    345.4 Adult Eye    596.15 Adult Brain  1140.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    919.2 Adult Crop    534.8 Adult Midgut    328.3 Adult Hindgut    465.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    416.7 Adult Fat Body    384.4 Adult Salivary Gland    484.2 Adult Heart    459.05 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    523.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    613.4 Adult Ovary    182.4 Adult Testis    33.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    287.8 Adult Carcass    242.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    1109.675 Larval Midgut    299.6 Larval Hindgut    426.8 Larval Malpighian Tubules    383.7 Larval Fat Body    296.2 Larval Salivary Gland    492 Larval Trachea    1023.875 Larval Carcass    448.425 Adult Head    345.4 Adult Eye    596.15 Adult Brain    1140.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    919.2 Adult Crop    534.8 Adult Midgut    328.3 Adult Hindgut    465.2 Adult Malpighian Tubules    416.7 Adult Fat Body    384.4 Adult Salivary Gland    484.2 Adult Heart    459.05 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    523.3 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    613.4 Adult Ovary    182.4 Adult Testis    33.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    287.8 Adult Carcass    242.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    345.4   NA  Eye    596.15   NA  Brain    1140.1   1109.675  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    919.2   NA  Crop    534.8   299.6  Midgut    328.3   426.8  Hindgut    465.2   383.7  Malpighian Tubules    416.7   296.2  Fat Body    384.4   492  Salivary Gland    484.2   NA  Heart    459.05   1023.875  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    523.3   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    613.4   NA  Ovary    182.4   NA  Testis    33.3   NA  Male Accessory Gland    287.8   448.425  Carcass    242.3 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    55 central nervous system, pupae P8    43 head, virgin 1-day female    21 head, virgin 4-day female    21 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    23 head, mated 4-day female    18 head, mated 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day male    33 head, mated 4-day male    30 head, mated 20-day male    24 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    40 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    8 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    9 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    38 testis, mated 4-day male    2 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (33) central nervous system, larvae L3  (55) central nervous system, pupae P8  (43) head, virgin 1-day female    21 head, virgin 4-day female    21 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    23 head, mated 4-day female    18 head, mated 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day male  (33) head, mated 4-day male  (30) head, mated 20-day male    24 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae  (40) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    8 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    9 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (28) ovary, mated 4-day female  (38) testis, mated 4-day male    2 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    55 central nervous system, pupae P8    43 head, virgin 1-day female    21 head, virgin 4-day female    21 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    23 head, mated 4-day female    18 head, mated 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day male    33 head, mated 4-day male    30 head, mated 20-day male    24 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    40 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    8 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    9 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    38 testis, mated 4-day male    2 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    55 central nervous system, pupae P8    43 head, virgin 1-day female    21 head, virgin 4-day female    21 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    23 head, mated 4-day female    18 head, mated 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day male    33 head, mated 4-day male    30 head, mated 20-day male    24 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    40 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    8 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    9 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    38 testis, mated 4-day male    2 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    5 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    55 central nervous system, pupae P8    43 head, virgin 1-day female    21 head, virgin 4-day female    21 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    23 head, mated 4-day female    18 head, mated 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day male    33 head, mated 4-day male    30 head, mated 20-day male    24 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    40 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    8 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    9 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    38 testis, mated 4-day male    2 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (33) central nervous system, larvae L3  (55) central nervous system, pupae P8  (43) head, virgin 1-day female    21 head, virgin 4-day female    21 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    23 head, mated 4-day female    18 head, mated 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day male  (33) head, mated 4-day male  30 head, mated 20-day male    24 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae  (40) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    8 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    9 ovary, virgin 4-day female  28 ovary, mated 4-day female  (38) testis, mated 4-day male    2 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    55 central nervous system, pupae P8    43 head, virgin 1-day female    21 head, virgin 4-day female    21 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    23 head, mated 4-day female    18 head, mated 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day male    33 head, mated 4-day male    30 head, mated 20-day male    24 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    40 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    8 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    9 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    38 testis, mated 4-day male    2 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    55 central nervous system, pupae P8    43 head, virgin 1-day female    21 head, virgin 4-day female    21 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    23 head, mated 4-day female    18 head, mated 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day male    33 head, mated 4-day male    30 head, mated 20-day male    24 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    40 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    8 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    8 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    25 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    9 ovary, virgin 4-day female    28 ovary, mated 4-day female    38 testis, mated 4-day male    2 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, at stages throughout the pupal period. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    23 embryo 06-08hr    29 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    24 embryo 14-16hr    20 embryo 16-18hr    19 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    21 embryo 22-24hr    22 larva L1    11 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    17 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    6 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    10 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    15 adult female 30day    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    23 embryo 06-08hr  (29) embryo 08-10hr  (29) embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    24 embryo 14-16hr    20 embryo 16-18hr    19 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    21 embryo 22-24hr    22 larva L1    11 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    17 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    6 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    10 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    15 adult female 30day    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    23 embryo 06-08hr    29 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    24 embryo 14-16hr    20 embryo 16-18hr    19 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    21 embryo 22-24hr    22 larva L1    11 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    17 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    6 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    10 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    15 adult female 30day    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    23 embryo 06-08hr    29 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    24 embryo 14-16hr    20 embryo 16-18hr    19 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    21 embryo 22-24hr    22 larva L1    11 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    17 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    6 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    10 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    15 adult female 30day    16 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    23 embryo 06-08hr    29 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    24 embryo 14-16hr    20 embryo 16-18hr    19 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    21 embryo 22-24hr    22 larva L1    11 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    17 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    6 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    10 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    15 adult female 30day    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    23 embryo 06-08hr  29 embryo 08-10hr  29 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    24 embryo 14-16hr    20 embryo 16-18hr    19 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    21 embryo 22-24hr    22 larva L1    11 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    17 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    6 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    10 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    15 adult female 30day    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    23 embryo 06-08hr    29 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    24 embryo 14-16hr    20 embryo 16-18hr    19 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    21 embryo 22-24hr    22 larva L1    11 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    17 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    6 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    10 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    15 adult female 30day    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    15 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    23 embryo 06-08hr    29 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    24 embryo 14-16hr    20 embryo 16-18hr    19 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    21 embryo 22-24hr    22 larva L1    11 larva L2    7 larva L3 12hr old    7 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    3 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    12 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    16 white prepupae 12hr    17 white prepupae 24hr    20 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    6 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    10 adult male 30day    9 adult female 01day    10 adult female 05day    15 adult female 30day    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    4 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    18 embryonic S3    21 leg disc CME L1    9 wing disc CME-W2    31 wing disc ML-DmD8    29 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    48 wing disc ML-DmD21    1 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    30 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    11 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    52 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    21 tumorous blood cells mbn2    23 ovary fGS/OSS    50 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    23 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    4 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    18 embryonic S3    21 leg disc CME L1    9 wing disc CME-W2  (31) wing disc ML-DmD8  (29) wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (48) wing disc ML-DmD21    1 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (46) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (30) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    11 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (52) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    21 tumorous blood cells mbn2    23 ovary fGS/OSS  (50) ovary OSC  (65) ovary OSS    23 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    4 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    18 embryonic S3    21 leg disc CME L1    9 wing disc CME-W2    31 wing disc ML-DmD8    29 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    48 wing disc ML-DmD21    1 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    30 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    11 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    52 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    21 tumorous blood cells mbn2    23 ovary fGS/OSS    50 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    23 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    4 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    18 embryonic S3    21 leg disc CME L1    9 wing disc CME-W2    31 wing disc ML-DmD8    29 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    48 wing disc ML-DmD21    1 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    30 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    11 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    52 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    21 tumorous blood cells mbn2    23 ovary fGS/OSS    50 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    23 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    4 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    18 embryonic S3    21 leg disc CME L1    9 wing disc CME-W2    31 wing disc ML-DmD8    29 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    48 wing disc ML-DmD21    1 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    30 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    11 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    52 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    21 tumorous blood cells mbn2    23 ovary fGS/OSS    50 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    23 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    4 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    18 embryonic S3    21 leg disc CME L1    9 wing disc CME-W2  31 wing disc ML-DmD8  29 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (48) wing disc ML-DmD21    1 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (46) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  30 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    11 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (52) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    21 tumorous blood cells mbn2    23 ovary fGS/OSS  (50) ovary OSC  (65) ovary OSS    23 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    4 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    18 embryonic S3    21 leg disc CME L1    9 wing disc CME-W2    31 wing disc ML-DmD8    29 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    48 wing disc ML-DmD21    1 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    30 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    11 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    52 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    21 tumorous blood cells mbn2    23 ovary fGS/OSS    50 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    23 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    4 embryonic 1182-4H    21 embryonic GM2    22 embryonic Kc167    11 embryonic S1    18 embryonic S3    21 leg disc CME L1    9 wing disc CME-W2    31 wing disc ML-DmD8    29 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    48 wing disc ML-DmD21    1 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    46 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    30 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    15 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    11 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    52 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    21 tumorous blood cells mbn2    23 ovary fGS/OSS    50 ovary OSC    65 ovary OSS    23 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    16 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    25 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    16 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (34) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (38) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    25 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    16 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    25 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    16 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    25 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    16 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    25 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    16 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (34) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (38) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    25 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    16 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    25 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    16 cold shock, 4-day adult    12 heat shock, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    2 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    34 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    38 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    25 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    3 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    5 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    24 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    2 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_27 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_03
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • LD15253 LD03167 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0016977 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG18497-RB
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal, with Scer\GAL4sli.PS spenΔC.Scer\UAS lethal (with spen14O1) spenC18 spenI55 spenN28 lethal (with spenC18) spen14O1 lethal (with spenI55) spen14O1 lethal (with spenN28) spen14O1 lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 spenGD9589 lethal | recessive spen14O1 spen16H1 spen16T1 spen03350 spenAH393 spenBU720 spenE(Sev-CycE)2A spenE(Sev-CycE)E9 spenk06805 spenk07612 spenk07721 spenk08102 spenk10325 spenk13233 spenk13601 spenk13624 spenk15612 spenP1 spenpoc231 spenpoc361 spenunspecified viable spenEY12567 spenk07721-rev spenk13624-rev viable, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155 spenΔC.Scer\UAS viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 spenGD16317 spenGD17128 Sterility Allele fertile spenEY12567 Other Phenotypes Allele cell polarity defective | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361 immune response defective | adult stage spenGE10359 neuroanatomy defective | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Ccap.PP spenEP2583 neuroanatomy defective | pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Ccap.PP spenEP2583 visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 spenGD16317 spenGD17128 visible, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4 spenEP2583 visible, with Scer\GAL4sev.PR spenDN.Scer\UAS visible | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361 spenXFM911 wound healing defective spenGE10359 Phenotype manifest in Allele abdominal lateral pentascolopidial chordotonal organ lch5 | germline clone spen3 spen5 spenpoc231 spenpoc361 abdominal segmental nerve spen3 spen5 central nervous system spenAH393 chordotonal organ & axon | lateral spen1 commissure spen1 spenAH393 crossvein | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361 crystal cell | third instar larval stage spenGE10359 dental sclerite spenpoc361 denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 spenDN.Scer\UAS dorsal bridge spenpoc361 dorsocentral bristle | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4 spenEP2583 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 spenDN.Scer\UAS embryonic/larval central nervous system, with Scer\GAL4Ccap.PP spenEP2583 embryonic/larval somatic muscle | germline clone spen3 spenpoc361 embryonic epidermis spenpoc361 embryonic head spen972 spena.972 spenpoc231 spenpoc361 embryonic mesothoracic segment & sclerite | ectopic spenpoc361 embryonic metathoracic segment & sclerite | ectopic spenpoc361 embryonic thorax spenpoc231 embryonic thorax & cuticle spenpoc231 epipharyngeal sclerite spenpoc361 eye, with Scer\GAL4sev.PR spenDN.Scer\UAS eye photoreceptor cell spen14O1 spen16H1 spen16T1 eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone spenXFM911 head & cuticle | ectopic spenpoc231 hemocyte | adult stage spenGE10359 hypostomal sclerite spenpoc231 spenpoc361 intersegmental nerve spen3 spen5 lateral process spenpoc361 lch5 neuron | germline clone spen3 spenpoc231 longitudinal connective spen1 spenAH393 spenunspecified longitudinal connective | germline clone spen3 spenpoc361 macrochaeta spenBG00537 macrochaeta | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361 median tooth spenpoc361 mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 spenGD16317 spenGD17128 microchaeta | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361 midline glial cell spenAH393 motor neuron | embryonic stage | germline clone spen3 spenpoc361 mouth hooks spenpoc361 neurite | pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Ccap.PP spenEP2583 ommatidium spen14O1 spen16H1 spen16T1 ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4sev.PR spenDN.Scer\UAS plasmatocyte | third instar larval stage spenGE10359 presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system | germline clone spen3 spen5 spenpoc231 spenpoc361 presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system spenpoc231 spenpoc361 presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system | germline clone spen3 spen5 spenpoc231 spenpoc361 sclerite & embryonic abdominal segment | ectopic spenpoc361 sclerite & embryonic head spen9C7 sclerite | ectopic spen972 spena.972 scutellar bristle | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4 spenEP2583 tormogen cell, with Scer\GAL4sca-537.4 spenEP2583 transverse nerve spen3 spen5 trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 spenGD17128 ventral midline | germline clone spen3 spenpoc361 ventral nerve cord commissure | germline clone spen3 spenpoc361 ventral thoracic disc, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 spenDN.Scer\UAS wing hair | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361 wing margin bristle | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361 wing vein | ectopic | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361 wing vein | somatic clone spenpoc231 spenpoc361
Classical Alleles ( 89 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of spen Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion spen14O1 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- spenk06805 P-element activity 2 Yes spen03350 P-element activity 1 Yes spen16H1 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- spen3 diepoxybutane 1 Yes spen5-HA-1693 1 -- spen5 diepoxybutane 1 Yes spenCB-0416-3 1 -- spenCB-5541-3 1 -- spenCB-5662-3 1 -- spenCB-5775-3 1 -- spend03715 P-element activity 1 -- spend11667 P-element activity 1 -- spene01076 piggyBac transposase 1 -- spene02661 piggyBac transposase 1 -- spene03785 piggyBac transposase 1 -- spenEY12567 P-element activity 1 -- spenf00392 piggyBac transposase 1 -- spenf00827 piggyBac transposase 1 -- spenf03221 piggyBac transposase 1 -- spenGE10359 1 -- spenk07612 P-element activity 1 Yes spenk07721 P-element activity 1 Yes spenk08102 P-element activity 1 Yes spenk13624 P-element activity 1 Yes spenMI05869 1 -- spenMI07821 1 -- spenNP2123 1 -- spenNP6324 1 -- spen14C2 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spen16T1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spen1 diepoxybutane 0 -- spen261-18 0 -- spen2 diepoxybutane 0 -- spen4 diepoxybutane 0 -- spen9C7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenAH393 X ray ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenBG00537 P-element activity 0 Yes spenBU720 X ray ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenC18 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenCPTI001595 piggyBac transposase 0 Yes spend02499 P-element activity 0 -- spenD108 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenE(CycE++)D57 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes spenE(CycE++)e9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes spenE(Sev-CycE)2A ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenE(Sev-CycE)E9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenE26 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenE29 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenEP2053 0 -- spenEP2486 0 -- spenEP2583 P-element activity 0 Yes spenf03640 0 -- spenf07087 piggyBac transposase 0 -- spenI55 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenJ28 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenJ43 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenJ47 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenk06703a P-element activity 0 Yes spenk07721-rev 0 Yes spenk10325 P-element activity 0 Yes spenk13233 P-element activity 0 Yes spenk13601 P-element activity 0 Yes spenk13624-rev 0 Yes spenk13625 P-element activity 0 Yes spenk15612 P-element activity 0 Yes spenksh-1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenksh-2 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenksh-3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenksh-4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenL13 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenL19 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenN18 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenN28 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenP1 P-element activity 0 Yes spenpjc-15 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenpjc-4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenpjc-7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenpoc231 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenpoc247 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenpoc259 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenpoc361 0 -- spenpoc430 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenpoc66 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- spenrev2 Delta2-3 0 Yes spenunspecified 0 -- spenXFM911 0 -- spenXIE1796 0 Yes spenXLS1000 X ray 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of spen Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion spenGD16317 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes spenGD17128 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes spenGD9589 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes spenGL01201 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes spenHMS00276 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes spen972 in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes spena.972 in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes spenDN.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes spendsRNA.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes spenKK100153 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes spenNIG.18497R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes spenΔC.PC in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes spenΔC.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2L)net-PM47C (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999, Rebay et al., 2000, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Eun et al., 2007) Df(2L)net-PMF (Spradling et al., 1999, Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999, Therrien et al., 2000, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Dickson et al., 1996, Eun et al., 2007) Df(2L)TE21A (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999, Gellon et al., 1997) In(2LR)spenXLS1000 (Rebay, 2000.2.25, Rebay et al., 2000)
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)30A-C (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)al (Eun et al., 2007) Df(2L)net62 (Therrien et al., 2000, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)net-PMF (Spradling et al., 1999) Df(2L)PM45 (Eun et al., 2007)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD9589} NA P{GD16317} NA P{GD17128} NA P{KK100153} NA P{NIG.18497R} NA P{TRiP.GL01201} NA P{TRiP.HMS00276} NA P{UAS-spen.DN} NA P{UAS-spen.RNAi} NA P{UAS-spen.ΔC} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{KZ.TRAP}spenP1 No P{lacW}l(2)SH0318SH0318 No P{lacW}spenk06703a No P{lacW}spenk06805 No P{lacW}spenk07612 No P{lacW}spenk07721 No P{lacW}spenk08102 No P{lacW}spenk10325 No P{lacW}spenk13233 No P{lacW}spenk13601 No P{lacW}spenk13624 No P{lacW}spenk13625 No P{lacW}spenk15612 No P{PZ}spen03350 No insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}spenEP2053 NA P{EP}spenEP2486 NA P{EP}spenEP2583 NA P{EP}spenGE10359 NA P{EPgy2}spenEY12567 NA P{GSV1}EP-471EP-471 NA P{GSV1}GSd248GSd248 NA P{XP}spend02499 NA P{XP}spend03715 NA P{XP}spend11667 NA miscellaneous insertions Mi{MIC}spenMI05869 NA Mi{MIC}spenMI07821 NA P{GT1}spenBG00537 NA P{RS3}spenCB-0416-3 NA P{RS3}spenCB-5541-3 NA P{RS3}spenCB-5662-3 NA P{RS3}spenCB-5775-3 NA P{RS5}spen5-HA-1693 NA PBac{681.P.FSVS-1}spenCPTI001595 NA PBac{RB}spene01076 NA PBac{RB}spene02661 NA PBac{RB}spene03785 NA PBac{WH}spenf00392 NA PBac{WH}spenf00827 NA PBac{WH}spenf03221 NA PBac{WH}spenf03640 NA PBac{WH}spenf07087 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}spenNP2123 No P{GawB}spenNP6324 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 19 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 17 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
axon guidance inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Kuang et al., 2000, Chen and Rebay, 2000) compound eye development inferred from mutant phenotype (Chang et al., 2008) defense response to fungus inferred from mutant phenotype (Jin et al., 2008) epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Chen and Rebay, 2000) establishment of thoracic bristle planar orientation inferred from mutant phenotype (Mace and Tugores, 2004) glial cell fate determination inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Chen and Rebay, 2000) glial cell migration inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Chen and Rebay, 2000) imaginal disc-derived wing vein morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Mace and Tugores, 2004) maintenance of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation inferred from mutant phenotype (Mace and Tugores, 2004) neuroblast fate determination inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Kuang et al., 2000) peripheral nervous system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Mace and Tugores, 2004) positive regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway inferred from genetic interaction with arm (Chang et al., 2008) inferred from genetic interaction with W (Chang et al., 2008) inferred from genetic interaction with wg (Chang et al., 2008) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Wiellette et al., 1999) segment specification inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Wiellette et al., 1999) wing disc pattern formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Chang et al., 2008) Wnt receptor signaling pathway inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Lin et al., 2003)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Wiellette et al., 1999, Kuang et al., 2000, Lin et al., 2003)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 3 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
nucleic acid binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000504 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) nucleotide binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012677 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process ( 0 terms)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus non-traceable author statement (Kuang, 2000.1.6)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions spen allele Gene References spen14O1 phl (Dickson et al., 1996) phl::tor (Dickson et al., 1996) spen16H1 phl (Dickson et al., 1996) phl::tor (Dickson et al., 1996) spen16T1 phl (Dickson et al., 1996) phl::tor (Dickson et al., 1996) spen261-18 CycE (Brumby et al., 2004) spenAH393 aop (Rebay et al., 2000) phl (Rebay et al., 2000) pnt (Chen and Rebay, 2000) Ras85D (Rebay et al., 2000) spenBU720 aop (Rebay et al., 2000) phl (Rebay et al., 2000) Ras85D (Rebay et al., 2000) spenDN.Scer\UAS arm (Lin et al., 2003) Egfr (Lin et al., 2003) spenE(Sev-CycE)2A CycE (Lane et al., 2000) spenE(Sev-CycE)E9 CycE (Lane et al., 2000) spenEP2583 H (Abdelilah-Seyfried et al., 2000) N (Abdelilah-Seyfried et al., 2000) spenk07721 dpp (Lin et al., 2003) spenk13624 dpp (Lin et al., 2003) spenksh-1 Dp (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999) spenksh-2 Dp (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999) spenksh-3 Dp (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999) spenksh-4 Dp (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999) spenpoc231 Dfd (Gellon et al., 1997) spenpoc361 Antp (Wiellette et al., 1999) CycE (Brumby et al., 2004) tsh (Wiellette et al., 1999) spenunspecified Antp (Wiellette et al., 1999) phl (Therrien et al., 2000) tsh (Wiellette et al., 1999) spenΔC.Scer\UAS Ras85D (Chen and Rebay, 2000) spi (Chen and Rebay, 2000) unspecified aop (Rebay, 1999) ck (Mace and Tugores, 2004) dap (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999) Dp (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999) E2f (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999) ksr (Therrien et al., 2000) lqf (Eun et al., 2007) nito (Jemc and Rebay, 2006)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68897 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0016977 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44205
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (135) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6XKVS8 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG66HGJP Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6BK3ZM Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6V9S5C Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6H4JWC
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6XKVS8)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\spen     Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\hang     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD23006   Y Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM16721   Y Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG24958   Y Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG24702 Y Y Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG20914   Y Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG18919   Y Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG17965   Y Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG15972   Y Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG12898   Y Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG20978   Y Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE11928   Y Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE16637 Y Y Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE19026   Y Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE25015   Y Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE18360   Y Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF12034   Y Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF20711 Y Y Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF21122   Y Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA25187   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL11997   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL17802   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL15259   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL17715   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL13148   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL18480   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL25653   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL21448   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL26908   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL23317   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL20013   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL12942   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL25297   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL11749   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL22578   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL26905   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL15843   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL22342   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL22818   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL16542   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL20504   Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL25911 Y Y Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL14884   Y Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK19428   Y Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK19785   Y Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK23912 Y Y Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK15592   Y Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK20054   Y Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK20953   Y Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ24602 Y Y Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ18215   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH24181   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH18919   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH11539 Y Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH10444   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH17777   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH24412   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH12714   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH18105   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH17681   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH24401   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH10290   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH24889   Y Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH21984   Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG66HGJP)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL015163 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL014732 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL000890 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL009802 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL009794 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL009791 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL009430 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL009790 Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ009511 Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ012186 Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ003108 Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ010111 Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ010234 Y
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6BK3ZM)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB51284 Y Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB47009 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG003872 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG002573 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH10738 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP13586 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO11545 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO22678 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL19517 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL12049 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL24686 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL24097 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL24592 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL24479 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL11478 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH20869 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH22375 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB17271 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB19002 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB14507 Y Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV23621 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM127440 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC006356 Y
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6V9S5C)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\STX18 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW018141 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW001939 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW006465 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW012987 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW015758 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW016508 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW004679 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW015455 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW024217 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW013220 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW021249 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW021726 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW006213 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW012410 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW024027 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW003878 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW004749 Y
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6H4JWC)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\din-1 Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_015559gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_013990gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_009855gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_008979gn Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\spen Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\si:ch1073-335m2.2 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\ENSXETG00000023114 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\TSC22D1 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\SPEN Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Spen Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Foxk1 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\ENSRNOG00000038054 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Pom121 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\LOC100365546 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\SPEN Y
Human Orthologs (1)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\SPEN
AAA Orthologs (8) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila erecta Dere\GG24702 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE16637 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF20711 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL25911 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK23912 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ24602 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI17029 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH11539
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 38 )
Harvard	- P{XP}spend03715 - P{XP}spend11667 - PBac{RB}spene01076 - PBac{RB}spene02661 - PBac{RB}spene03785 - PBac{WH}spenf00392 - PBac{WH}spenf00827 - PBac{WH}spenf03221
Kyoto	108435 spen14O1/CyO
VDRC	v20637 w1118; P{GD9589}v20637 v48846 w1118; P{GD17128}v48846 v49542 w1118; P{GD16317}v49542
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR09J20 BACR22C14 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 89 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GM01870 IP15248 LD15253 RE35117 SD03119
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT05049 AT09566 AT31969 GH11325 GH13377 GH19239 GM22585 HL01885 HL03731 LD05493 LD30865 LD33332 LD35651 LP10373 LP10473 RE45577 RH48933 RH64814 SD16660 SD16760 SD17134 SD23496 UT01685
Other clones	Arica_10_E01 Batuco_16_A02 CK01.106D.G8 Diego_25_F03 Dmel_dig_006246_0650_2565 Dmel_dig_012561_0590_1169 Dmel_dig_017982_0709_3326 Dmel_dig_018432_0609_2987 Dmel_neb_011685_0628_1734 EK004811 EK042656 EK045812 EK061916 EK064626 EK069622 EK073637 EK104953 EK109848 EK118201 EK122557 EK130516 EK148733 EK174764 EK175756 EK178136 EK188649 EK195132 EK200251 EK231026 EK233017 EK240003 EK240617 EK258909 EK270407 EK270609 EK276029 EK276108 EK281412 EK308952 EN02022 EN14607 EN14615 EN17110 EP07459 EP11113 EP13229 EP18957 EP19113 FGC027G12 FGM001G11 FGM217H01 FGM235D03 FGM321H08 IP08663 IP15348 IP15448 LD03167 Parral_28_B12 RP001042699 RP001047095 UUGC0603
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0016977 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44205
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Wiellette et al., 1999)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: poc E(Raf)2A (Florence and McGinnis, 1998) Source for merge of: spen BcDNA:GM01870 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: spen CG18497 (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.7) Source for merge of: spen poc l(2)k06805 l(2)03350 l(2)k07612 l(2)k08102 (Wiellette et al., 1999) Source for merge of: spen rno (Voas, 2003.6.5) Source for merge of: spen yip1 (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.11.2)
Additional comments	Source for merge of spen BcDNA:GM01870 was a shared cDNA (date:030728). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	ChEST reveals this is a target of Mef2. (Junion et al., 2005) spen appears to be required to maintain multicellular organization. (Mace and Tugores, 2004) spen is required for wg signaling in the eye, wing and leg imaginal discs, but is not required for wg signaling in the embryo. (Lin et al., 2003) spen encodes a positively acting component of the Egfr/Ras signalling pathway. (Chen and Rebay, 2000) spen regulates development of midline glial cells. (Chen and Rebay, 2000) Maternally contributed spen protein is required for the specification of cell fate during neuronal and midline development. (Kuang et al., 2000) Identification: Identified on the basis of interaction with aop mutations. (Rebay, 1999) Mutants show a homeotic phenotype developing head-like skeletal features in the trunk. (Wiellette et al., 1999) spen does not repress ectopic head-like cuticle by repressing the expression or function of known head-determining genes. Overall orientation not stated: anon-21Ab+ spen+ kis- (Wiellette et al., 1999) spen functions in the repression of head patterning genes. spen cooperates with Antp and tsh to repress head-like sclerites in the thorax and promote thoracic identity. (Wiellette et al., 1999) Mutants isolated in a screen of the second chromosome identifying genes affecting disc morphology. (Roch et al., 1998) Identification: Enhancer trap screen designed to discover genes involved in the cellular aspects of defense mechanisms, as well as in melanotic tumor formation processes linked to blood cell disregulation. (Braun et al., 1997) Identified in a screen for modifiers of the Dfd13/Dfd3 mutant phenotype. Shows no interaction with the Pc mutant phenotype. (Gellon et al., 1997) Identified in a genetic screen for modifiers of the phl::tor12D.sev rough eye mutant phenotype. (Dickson et al., 1996) The ventral naked cuticle of T2, T3 and occasionally A1 of spen- embryos shows an apparent transformation towards head structures. (Harding et al., 1996) Identified in a screen for genes whose function is required for the function of Dfd. (Harding et al., 1996) Mutations in 12 complementation groups differentially affect lateral chordotonal axon growth, fasciculation or ventral orientation. Mutations in robo, spen, sli and los cause lch axon defasciculation. (Kolodziej et al., 1995)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079979 NM_164374 NM_164375 NM_001258887 NM_001272873 NM_001272874 NM_001272875 NM_001272876 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524718 NP_722615 NP_722616 NP_001245816 NP_001259802 NP_001259803 NP_001259804 NP_001259805 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA202841 AA440319 AAF13218 AAF26299 AAF34661 AAF51534 AAF51534.2 AAF51535 AAF51535.2 AAL28382 AAM11141 AAN10511 AAN10511.1 AC005334 AF184612 AF188205 AF195186 AF221715 AFH03493 AGB92339 AGB92340 AGB92341 AGB92342 AI237923 AI531840 AQ025806 AQ025855 AQ254876 AW941153 AW942038 AW942345 AW944286 AY060834 AY075571 AY094788 AY863551 AY863552 AY863553 AY863554 AY863555 AY863556 AY863557 AY863558 AY863559 AY863560 AY863561 AY863562 AY863563 AY863564 AY863565 AY863566 AY863567 AY863568 AY863569 AY863570 AY863571 AY863572 AY863573 BH634796 CL868578 CZ472853 CZ472854 CZ473517 CZ477852 CZ478897 CZ480437 CZ481541 CZ482858 CZ483311 CZ485765 CZ485766 CZ489860 G00736 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 44205 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q8SX83 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q95SE2
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • RNA recognition motif domain (IPR000504) Spen paralogue/orthologue C-terminal, metazoa (IPR010912) Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait (IPR012677) Spen paralogue and orthologue SPOC, C-terminal (IPR012921) SPOC like C-terminal domain (IPR016194) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • LD03167 LD15253
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 68897 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0016977 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0016977 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0016977 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG18497-RB FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0016977 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 44205 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /hjmuller/spen1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 44205 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0016977
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 27 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	136/24 (Roch et al., 1998) BcDNA:GM01870   CG18497 (Norga et al., 2003, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Slack et al., 2010, Molnar et al., 2006, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) E(E2F)2A (Staehling-Hampton et al., 1999) E(Raf)2A   E(Sev-CycE)2A (Lane et al., 2000) EK2-9 (Therrien et al., 2000) En(yanACT)2-7   EY2-7 (Rebay et al., 2000) l(2)03350 (Spradling et al., 1999, Braun et al., 1997, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, ) l(2)k06805 (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, ) l(2)k07612 (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, ) l(2)k08102 (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, ) poc (Florence and McGinnis, 1998, Gellon et al., 1997, Harding and McGinnis, 1997, Dickson et al., 1996, Harding et al., 1996, ) rno (Voas, 2003.6.5, Rebay, 1999, ) spe (Wiellette et al., 1999) spen (Mace et al., 2005, Jemc and Rebay, 2006, Mack et al., 2006, Eun et al., 2007, Zhao et al., 2008, Sofola et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Mace et al., 2005, Stark et al., 2007, Doroquez et al., 2007, Molnar et al., 2006, Macdonald and Long, 2005, Minidorff et al., 2007, Grimberg et al., 2011, Guan et al., 2011, Kankel et al., 2007, Minidorff et al., 2007, Chang et al., 2008, Levis, 2009.3.18, Jin et al., 2009, Wertheim et al., 2011, Seugnet et al., 2009, Teleman et al., 2008, Tsubouchi et al., 2009, Shalaby et al., 2009, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Magalhaes et al., 2007, Zhou et al., 2008, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Jin et al., 2008, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) SPEN (Sofola et al., 2007) Spen (Tokusumi et al., 2012, Berg et al., 2012) Splitends (Junion et al., 2005) yip1
Name Synonym	polycephalon (Gellon et al., 1997, Harding et al., 1996, ) rhinoceros (Voas, 2003.6.5, Rebay, 1999) split ends (Voas, 2003.6.5, Kolodziej et al., 1995, Jemc and Rebay, 2006, Eun et al., 2007, Zhao et al., 2008, Doroquez et al., 2007, Kankel et al., 2007, Shalaby et al., 2009) split-ends (Slack et al., 2010) Split ends (Chang et al., 2008, Guan et al., 2011, Jin et al., 2009) Splitends (Davis et al., 2011) yippee interacting protein 1
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0010537 FBgn0016056 FBgn0016624 FBgn0022059 FBgn0022080 FBgn0022115 FBgn0026182 FBgn0031230 FBgn0040065 FBgn0047291 FBpp0077780 FBpp0077781 FBpp0077782 FBtr0078121 FBtr0078122 FBtr0078123
References ( 112 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 112 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 54 ) Supplementary material  ( 11 ) Review  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 19 ) Abstract  ( 18 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 3 ) Website  ( 1 ) Conference report  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 7 )
	Staller et al., 2013, Genetics 193(1): 51--61 Depleting Gene Activities in Early Drosophila Embryos with the "Maternal-Gal4-shRNA" System. [FBrf0220341] Berg et al., 2012, Cell 150(1): 53--64 U1 snRNP determines mRNA length and regulates isoform expression. [FBrf0219531] Tokusumi et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(7): e41604 Gene regulatory networks controlling hematopoietic progenitor niche cell production and differentiation in the Drosophila lymph gland. [FBrf0219204] Davis et al., 2011, BMC Dev. Biol. 11: 66 Identification of common and cell type specific LXXLL motif EcR cofactors using a bioinformatics refined candidate RNAi screen in Drosophila melanogaster cell lines. [FBrf0216830] Grimberg et al., 2011, Mol. Cell. Biol. 31(4): 897--909 Basic Leucine Zipper Protein Cnc-C Is a Substrate and Transcriptional Regulator of the Drosophila 26S Proteasome. [FBrf0212906] Guan et al., 2011, Learn. Mem. 18(4): 191--206 Altered gene regulation and synaptic morphology in Drosophila learning and memory mutants. [FBrf0213277] Wertheim et al., 2011, Mol. Ecol. 20(5): 932--949 Functional genomics of the evolution of increased resistance to parasitism in Drosophila. [FBrf0213049] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...