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Gene Dmel\sktl

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\sktl	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	skittles	Annotation symbol	CG9985
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0016984
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	15 publicly available
Also Known As	PIP5K
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map	2-
Cytogenetic map	57B3-57B3	Sequence location	2R:16,714,787..16,719,923 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene skittles is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\sktl (CG9985, FBgn0016984). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: spermatid development; maintenance of oocyte nucleus location involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification; oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton polarization; autophagic cell death; cortical actin cytoskeleton organization; salivary gland cell autophagic cell death; peripheral nervous system development. 35 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: multicellular structure; anatomical structure; organ system; cytoplasmic part; cell part; organ system subdivision; adult segment; thoracic segment; acellular anatomical structure; sense organ; non-connected developing system; imaginal precursor. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase; Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, core; Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, core, subgroup. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult crop, larval midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, larval carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1624275_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of sktl. Gene sequence location is 2R:16714916..16719919.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03	Polypeptides sktl-PB Transcripts sktl-RB
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 57B3-57B3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k06409k06409&P{PZ}insc05475 and P{PZ}l(2)0780607806
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 57B1-57B1     (Prokopenko, 1999.8.3) 57B-57B     (Prokopenko, 1998.6.10) 57B1-57B20     (Knirr, 1996.10.6) 57B2-57B3   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 57B1-57B5   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Kania et al., 1995) 57B-57B   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 57B1--3 (determined by in situ hybridisation) 57B2--3 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2- (Knirr, 1996.10.6)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\sktl for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated. Gene model reviewed during 5.51
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) sktl-RA FBtr0071563  NM_057858   3747   792 sktl-RB FBtr0342801     3215   792
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	4.1 (unknown) (Knirr et al., 1997) 4.1 (northern blot) (Knirr et al., 1997) 3.8 (northern blot) (Hassan et al., 1998)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein sktl-PA   FBpp0071491   87.8   792   7.33     NP_477206   AAF46627 sktl-PB   FBpp0309638   87.8   792   7.33
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	700 (aa) (Hassan et al., 1998)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, core (IPR002498) Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, core, subgroup (IPR016034) Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase (IPR023610) Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, N-terminal domain (IPR027484) Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, C-terminal (IPR027483)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA141052   AA540159   AE013599 AAF46627   AC004433   AF071417 AAC25576   AF174679   AF174680   AI259817   AI293572   AW944020   AX093901   AY058737 AAL13966   BG636577   BG639681   BI170756   BI234552   BI240082   BI356677   BI365265   BI368421   BI369948   BI370189   BI371751   BI584816   BI632750   BI633778   BI638213   BI638826   BP548606   CK658579   CO279866   CO308447   CO312127   EC083725   EC226594   EC248115   G00585   GH747390   U73490 AAB18233
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q9W2R3 Q94544 Q7JNK2
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage     (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   central brain anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) hypopharynx anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) antennal anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi visual anlage in statu nascendi   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi embryonic stage 5   procephalic neurogenic region   (Hassan et al., 1998) gastrula stage   ventral furrow   (Hassan et al., 1998) cephalic furrow   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   antennal anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage central brain anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage dorsal head epidermis anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage visual anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage hypopharynx anlage   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   antennal primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium central brain primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium visual primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium dorsal head epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium lateral head epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium ventral head epidermis primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium hindgut proper primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:reported as hindgut proper anlage ventral nerve cord primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11   pole cell   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   anterior midgut primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) central brain primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) hindgut proper primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) posterior midgut primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 13   presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system | precursor   (Hassan et al., 1998) presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system | precursor   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic stage 13   mesoderm   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic/larval midgut   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic/larval foregut   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic/larval hindgut   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic/larval dorsal vessel   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic brain   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval midgut   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 17   embryonic/larval hindgut | restricted   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic/larval pharynx   (Hassan et al., 1998) presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system | restricted   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic/larval foregut | restricted   (Hassan et al., 1998) embryonic/larval midgut | restricted   (Hassan et al., 1998) third instar larval stage   embryonic/larval brain   (Hassan et al., 1998) photoreceptor cell R8 | precursor   (Hassan et al., 1998) imaginal disc   (Hassan et al., 1998) morphogenetic furrow | anterior to   (Hassan et al., 1998) oogenesis   oocyte   (Knirr et al., 1997) germarium | restricted   (Knirr et al., 1997) nurse cell   (Knirr et al., 1997)   (Knirr et al., 1997) spermatogenesis     (Knirr et al., 1997) spermatocyte   (Knirr et al., 1997) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   mesoderm   (Knirr et al., 1997) organism | ubiquitous   (Knirr et al., 1997) presumptive embryonic/larval nervous system   (Knirr et al., 1997) embryonic stage 1 -- 17     (Knirr et al., 1997) Comment:reference states 0-24 hr AEL embryonic stage 4 -- 5   procephalic neurogenic region   (Knirr et al., 1997) embryonic stage 12 -- 13   ectoderm   (Knirr et al., 1997) adult stage | female     (Knirr et al., 1997)
Additional Descriptive Data
	sktl transcript is detected in 0-24 hr embryos (but weakly in 20-24 hr embryos), and in adult females. In 1-4 hr embryos, sktl transcript expression is strong and ubiquitous. Ubiquitous expression continues throughout embryogenesis, but there are regions of enriched expression such as the developing nervous system and mesoderm. At stage 4, two patches of strong expression appear in the procephalic neurectoderm. During germ band retraction, expression is higher in ectodermal cells. (Knirr et al., 1997) sktl transcript is expressed during oogenesis and spermatogenesis. During oogenesis, sktl transcript expression is first detected in germarium region 2. Expression in the oocyte is high throughout oogenesis. In the nurse cell, expression is low during stages S1-S8, but increases after stage S8. In the male germline, expression is detected in primary spermatocytes and during meiotic prophase. (Knirr et al., 1997) sktl transcript is expressed throughout embryonic development, and its expression pattern resembles that of insc transcript. At stage 5, sktl expression is detected in the procephalic neurectoderm. During gastrulation, expression is found in the invaginating cells of the cephalic and ventral furrows. At stage 11, expression is detected in all CNS and PNS precursor cells, and in migrating pole cells. At stage 13, expression is detected in most tissues, with higher levels in CNS, PNS, dorsal vessel, gut, and mesoderm. At stage 17, expression is found in a few CNS cells and the gut and pharynx. In the third instar larva, sktl transcript is detected in all imaginal discs. Expression is uniform in the leg disc. In the wing disc, expression is higher in the precursors of the anterior wing margin sensory organs, and along the anterior-posterior axis. In the eye disc, expression is elevated in the row of cells anterior to the morphogenetic furrow from which the R8 photoreceptors will differentiate. Expression is widespread in the larval brain, including the outer proliferation center of the optic lobes, patches of cells in the midbrain, and subsets of cells in the ventral ganglion. (Hassan et al., 1998)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
cell cortex inferred from direct assay (Gervais et al., 2008) male germline ring canal inferred from direct assay (Fabian et al., 2010) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Fabian et al., 2010)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult crop, larval midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, larval carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    65.5 Larval Midgut    171.7 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    115.3 Larval Fat Body    78.6 Larval Salivary Gland    125.2 Larval Trachea    115.275 Larval Carcass    115.225 Adult Head    64.2 Adult Eye    58.025 Adult Brain    38.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4 Adult Crop    122.6 Adult Midgut    97.2 Adult Hindgut    158.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    127.4 Adult Fat Body    97.4 Adult Salivary Gland    138.9 Adult Heart    68.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8 Adult Ovary    128.9 Adult Testis    65 Adult Male Accessory Gland    82.8 Adult Carcass    96.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    65.5 Larval Midgut    171.7 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    115.3 Larval Fat Body    78.6 Larval Salivary Gland    125.2 Larval Trachea    115.275 Larval Carcass    115.225 Adult Head    64.2 Adult Eye    58.025 Adult Brain    38.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4 Adult Crop    122.6 Adult Midgut    97.2 Adult Hindgut    158.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    127.4 Adult Fat Body    97.4 Adult Salivary Gland    138.9 Adult Heart    68.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8 Adult Ovary    128.9 Adult Testis    65 Adult Male Accessory Gland    82.8 Adult Carcass    96.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    65.5 Larval Midgut    171.7 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    115.3 Larval Fat Body    78.6 Larval Salivary Gland    125.2 Larval Trachea    115.275 Larval Carcass    115.225 Adult Head    64.2 Adult Eye    58.025 Adult Brain    38.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4 Adult Crop    122.6 Adult Midgut    97.2 Adult Hindgut    158.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    127.4 Adult Fat Body    97.4 Adult Salivary Gland    138.9 Adult Heart    68.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8 Adult Ovary    128.9 Adult Testis    65 Adult Male Accessory Gland    82.8 Adult Carcass    96.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    65.5 Larval Midgut    171.7 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    115.3 Larval Fat Body    78.6 Larval Salivary Gland    125.2 Larval Trachea    115.275 Larval Carcass    115.225 Adult Head    64.2 Adult Eye    58.025 Adult Brain    38.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4 Adult Crop    122.6 Adult Midgut    97.2 Adult Hindgut    158.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    127.4 Adult Fat Body    97.4 Adult Salivary Gland    138.9 Adult Heart    68.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8 Adult Ovary    128.9 Adult Testis    65 Adult Male Accessory Gland    82.8 Adult Carcass    96.3 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    65.5 Larval Midgut    171.7 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    115.3 Larval Fat Body    78.6 Larval Salivary Gland    125.2 Larval Trachea    115.275 Larval Carcass    115.225 Adult Head    64.2 Adult Eye    58.025 Adult Brain    38.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4 Adult Crop    122.6 Adult Midgut    97.2 Adult Hindgut    158.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    127.4 Adult Fat Body    97.4 Adult Salivary Gland    138.9 Adult Heart    68.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8 Adult Ovary    128.9 Adult Testis    65 Adult Male Accessory Gland    82.8 Adult Carcass    96.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    65.5 Larval Midgut    171.7 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    115.3 Larval Fat Body    78.6 Larval Salivary Gland    125.2 Larval Trachea    115.275 Larval Carcass    115.225 Adult Head    64.2 Adult Eye    58.025 Adult Brain    38.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4 Adult Crop    122.6 Adult Midgut    97.2 Adult Hindgut    158.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    127.4 Adult Fat Body    97.4 Adult Salivary Gland    138.9 Adult Heart    68.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8 Adult Ovary    128.9 Adult Testis    65 Adult Male Accessory Gland    82.8 Adult Carcass    96.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    65.5 Larval Midgut    171.7 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    115.3 Larval Fat Body    78.6 Larval Salivary Gland    125.2 Larval Trachea    115.275 Larval Carcass    115.225 Adult Head    64.2 Adult Eye    58.025 Adult Brain    38.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4 Adult Crop    122.6 Adult Midgut    97.2 Adult Hindgut    158.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    127.4 Adult Fat Body    97.4 Adult Salivary Gland    138.9 Adult Heart    68.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8 Adult Ovary    128.9 Adult Testis    65 Adult Male Accessory Gland    82.8 Adult Carcass    96.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    65.5 Larval Midgut    171.7 Larval Hindgut    168.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    115.3 Larval Fat Body    78.6 Larval Salivary Gland    125.2 Larval Trachea    115.275 Larval Carcass    115.225 Adult Head    64.2 Adult Eye    58.025 Adult Brain    38.1 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4 Adult Crop    122.6 Adult Midgut    97.2 Adult Hindgut    158.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    127.4 Adult Fat Body    97.4 Adult Salivary Gland    138.9 Adult Heart    68.975 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8 Adult Ovary    128.9 Adult Testis    65 Adult Male Accessory Gland    82.8 Adult Carcass    96.3 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    64.2   NA  Eye    58.025   NA  Brain    38.1   65.5  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    43.4   NA  Crop    122.6   171.7  Midgut    97.2   168.1  Hindgut    158.7   115.3  Malpighian Tubules    127.4   78.6  Fat Body    97.4   125.2  Salivary Gland    138.9   NA  Heart    68.975   115.275  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    97.9   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    95.8   NA  Ovary    128.9   NA  Testis    65   NA  Male Accessory Gland    82.8   115.225  Carcass    96.3 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    20 central nervous system, larvae L3    19 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    8 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    11 head, mated 4-day male    12 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    36 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    19 digestive system, 1-day adult    20 digestive system, 4-day adult    23 digestive system, 20-day adult    22 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    26 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    16 carcass, 20-day adult    15 ovary, virgin 4-day female    62 ovary, mated 4-day female    58 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    20 central nervous system, larvae L3    19 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    8 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    11 head, mated 4-day male    12 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering  (36) salivary gland, white prepupae  (78) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    19 digestive system, 1-day adult    20 digestive system, 4-day adult    23 digestive system, 20-day adult    22 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  26 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    16 carcass, 20-day adult    15 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (62) ovary, mated 4-day female  (58) testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    20 central nervous system, larvae L3    19 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    8 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    11 head, mated 4-day male    12 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    36 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    19 digestive system, 1-day adult    20 digestive system, 4-day adult    23 digestive system, 20-day adult    22 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    26 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    16 carcass, 20-day adult    15 ovary, virgin 4-day female    62 ovary, mated 4-day female    58 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    20 central nervous system, larvae L3    19 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    8 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    11 head, mated 4-day male    12 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    36 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    19 digestive system, 1-day adult    20 digestive system, 4-day adult    23 digestive system, 20-day adult    22 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    26 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    16 carcass, 20-day adult    15 ovary, virgin 4-day female    62 ovary, mated 4-day female    58 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    20 central nervous system, larvae L3    19 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    8 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    11 head, mated 4-day male    12 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    36 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    19 digestive system, 1-day adult    20 digestive system, 4-day adult    23 digestive system, 20-day adult    22 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    26 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    16 carcass, 20-day adult    15 ovary, virgin 4-day female    62 ovary, mated 4-day female    58 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    20 central nervous system, larvae L3    19 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    8 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    11 head, mated 4-day male    12 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering  (36) salivary gland, white prepupae  (78) digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    19 digestive system, 1-day adult    20 digestive system, 4-day adult    23 digestive system, 20-day adult    22 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  26 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    16 carcass, 20-day adult    15 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (62) ovary, mated 4-day female  (58) testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    20 central nervous system, larvae L3    19 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    8 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    11 head, mated 4-day male    12 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    36 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    19 digestive system, 1-day adult    20 digestive system, 4-day adult    23 digestive system, 20-day adult    22 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    26 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    16 carcass, 20-day adult    15 ovary, virgin 4-day female    62 ovary, mated 4-day female    58 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    20 central nervous system, larvae L3    19 central nervous system, pupae P8    4 head, virgin 1-day female    8 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    8 head, mated 1-day male    11 head, mated 4-day male    12 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    36 salivary gland, white prepupae    78 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    19 digestive system, 1-day adult    20 digestive system, 4-day adult    23 digestive system, 20-day adult    22 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    26 carcass, 1-day adult    12 carcass, 4-day adult    16 carcass, 20-day adult    15 ovary, virgin 4-day female    62 ovary, mated 4-day female    58 testis, mated 4-day male    10 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-06 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    64 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    33 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    23 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    23 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    25 embryo 22-24hr    26 larva L1    23 larva L2    23 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    15 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    21 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    46 white prepupae new    38 white prepupae 12hr    48 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    23 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    27 adult male 01day    17 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    20 adult female 01day    34 adult female 05day    53 adult female 30day    54 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (64) embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr  (33) embryo 06-08hr  (32) embryo 08-10hr  (29) embryo 10-12hr  (31) embryo 12-14hr    23 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    23 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    25 embryo 22-24hr  26 larva L1    23 larva L2    23 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    15 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    21 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (46) white prepupae new  (38) white prepupae 12hr  (48) white prepupae 24hr  (28) pupae 2d postWPP    23 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP  (27) adult male 01day    17 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    20 adult female 01day  (34) adult female 05day  (53) adult female 30day  (54) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    64 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    33 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    23 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    23 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    25 embryo 22-24hr    26 larva L1    23 larva L2    23 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    15 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    21 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    46 white prepupae new    38 white prepupae 12hr    48 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    23 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    27 adult male 01day    17 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    20 adult female 01day    34 adult female 05day    53 adult female 30day    54 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    64 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    33 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    23 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    23 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    25 embryo 22-24hr    26 larva L1    23 larva L2    23 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    15 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    21 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    46 white prepupae new    38 white prepupae 12hr    48 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    23 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    27 adult male 01day    17 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    20 adult female 01day    34 adult female 05day    53 adult female 30day    54 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    64 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    33 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    23 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    23 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    25 embryo 22-24hr    26 larva L1    23 larva L2    23 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    15 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    21 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    46 white prepupae new    38 white prepupae 12hr    48 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    23 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    27 adult male 01day    17 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    20 adult female 01day    34 adult female 05day    53 adult female 30day    54 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (64) embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr  (33) embryo 06-08hr  32 embryo 08-10hr  29 embryo 10-12hr  31 embryo 12-14hr    23 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    23 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    25 embryo 22-24hr  26 larva L1    23 larva L2    23 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    15 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    21 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (46) white prepupae new  (38) white prepupae 12hr  (48) white prepupae 24hr  28 pupae 2d postWPP    23 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP  27 adult male 01day    17 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    20 adult female 01day  (34) adult female 05day  (53) adult female 30day  (54) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    64 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    33 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    23 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    23 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    25 embryo 22-24hr    26 larva L1    23 larva L2    23 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    15 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    21 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    46 white prepupae new    38 white prepupae 12hr    48 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    23 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    27 adult male 01day    17 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    20 adult female 01day    34 adult female 05day    53 adult female 30day    54 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    64 embryo 02-04hr    24 embryo 04-06hr    33 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    23 embryo 14-16hr    23 embryo 16-18hr    23 embryo 18-20hr    25 embryo 20-22hr    25 embryo 22-24hr    26 larva L1    23 larva L2    23 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    15 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    21 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    46 white prepupae new    38 white prepupae 12hr    48 white prepupae 24hr    28 pupae 2d postWPP    23 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    27 adult male 01day    17 adult male 05day    20 adult male 30day    20 adult female 01day    34 adult female 05day    53 adult female 30day    54 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    62 Schneider line 2 Sg4    37 embryonic 1182-4H    6 embryonic GM2    28 embryonic Kc167    20 embryonic S1    45 embryonic S3    34 leg disc CME L1    40 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    42 wing disc ML-DmD21    35 wing disc ML-DmD32    36 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    35 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    22 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    32 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    37 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    29 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    20 tumorous blood cells mbn2    36 ovary fGS/OSS    37 ovary OSC    23 ovary OSS    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (62) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (37) embryonic 1182-4H    6 embryonic GM2  (28) embryonic Kc167    20 embryonic S1  (45) embryonic S3  (34) leg disc CME L1  (40) wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8  (27) wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (42) wing disc ML-DmD21  (35) wing disc ML-DmD32  (36) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (35) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    22 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (32) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (37) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (29) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    20 tumorous blood cells mbn2  (36) ovary fGS/OSS  (37) ovary OSC    23 ovary OSS    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    62 Schneider line 2 Sg4    37 embryonic 1182-4H    6 embryonic GM2    28 embryonic Kc167    20 embryonic S1    45 embryonic S3    34 leg disc CME L1    40 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    42 wing disc ML-DmD21    35 wing disc ML-DmD32    36 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    35 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    22 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    32 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    37 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    29 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    20 tumorous blood cells mbn2    36 ovary fGS/OSS    37 ovary OSC    23 ovary OSS    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    62 Schneider line 2 Sg4    37 embryonic 1182-4H    6 embryonic GM2    28 embryonic Kc167    20 embryonic S1    45 embryonic S3    34 leg disc CME L1    40 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    42 wing disc ML-DmD21    35 wing disc ML-DmD32    36 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    35 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    22 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    32 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    37 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    29 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    20 tumorous blood cells mbn2    36 ovary fGS/OSS    37 ovary OSC    23 ovary OSS    16 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    62 Schneider line 2 Sg4    37 embryonic 1182-4H    6 embryonic GM2    28 embryonic Kc167    20 embryonic S1    45 embryonic S3    34 leg disc CME L1    40 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    42 wing disc ML-DmD21    35 wing disc ML-DmD32    36 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    35 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    22 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    32 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    37 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    29 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    20 tumorous blood cells mbn2    36 ovary fGS/OSS    37 ovary OSC    23 ovary OSS    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (62) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (37) embryonic 1182-4H    6 embryonic GM2  28 embryonic Kc167    20 embryonic S1  (45) embryonic S3  (34) leg disc CME L1  (40) wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8  27 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (42) wing disc ML-DmD21  (35) wing disc ML-DmD32  (36) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (35) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    22 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  32 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (37) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  29 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    20 tumorous blood cells mbn2  (36) ovary fGS/OSS  (37) ovary OSC    23 ovary OSS    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    62 Schneider line 2 Sg4    37 embryonic 1182-4H    6 embryonic GM2    28 embryonic Kc167    20 embryonic S1    45 embryonic S3    34 leg disc CME L1    40 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    42 wing disc ML-DmD21    35 wing disc ML-DmD32    36 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    35 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    22 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    32 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    37 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    29 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    20 tumorous blood cells mbn2    36 ovary fGS/OSS    37 ovary OSC    23 ovary OSS    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    62 Schneider line 2 Sg4    37 embryonic 1182-4H    6 embryonic GM2    28 embryonic Kc167    20 embryonic S1    45 embryonic S3    34 leg disc CME L1    40 wing disc CME-W2    24 wing disc ML-DmD8    27 wing disc ML-DmD9    25 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    42 wing disc ML-DmD21    35 wing disc ML-DmD32    36 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    35 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    22 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    32 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    37 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    29 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    20 tumorous blood cells mbn2    36 ovary fGS/OSS    37 ovary OSC    23 ovary OSS    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    27 cold shock, 4-day adult    17 heat shock, 4-day adult    24 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    42 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    43 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    13 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    33 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (27) cold shock, 4-day adult    17 heat shock, 4-day adult    24 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (42) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  26 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (43) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    13 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (37) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (33) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (32) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    27 cold shock, 4-day adult    17 heat shock, 4-day adult    24 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    42 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    43 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    13 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    33 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    27 cold shock, 4-day adult    17 heat shock, 4-day adult    24 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    42 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    43 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    13 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    33 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    27 cold shock, 4-day adult    17 heat shock, 4-day adult    24 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    42 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    43 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    13 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    33 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  27 cold shock, 4-day adult    17 heat shock, 4-day adult    24 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (42) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  26 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (43) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    13 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (37) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (33) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  32 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    27 cold shock, 4-day adult    17 heat shock, 4-day adult    24 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    42 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    43 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    13 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    33 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    27 cold shock, 4-day adult    17 heat shock, 4-day adult    24 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    9 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    42 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    43 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    13 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    23 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    33 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    32 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_26 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_03
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • LP03320 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0016984 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG9985-RA FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data) • Show all FlyExpress processed images for sktl Stages(s) 1-3 Stages(s) 4-6 Stages(s) 7-8 Stages(s) 9-10 Stages(s) 11-12 Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal (with sktl2.3) sktlΔ20 lethal (with sktlΔ20) sktl2.3 lethal | adult stage | recessive sktlk02608 lethal | embryonic stage | recessive sktlk07505 sktlk07701 sktlk12405 sktlΔ20 lethal | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 sktlScer\UAS.cHa lethal | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4T80 sktlScer\UAS.cHa lethal | larval stage | recessive sktlΔ5 sktlΔ9 sktlΔ15 sktlΔ24 sktlΔ31 lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 sktlGD1534 lethal | recessive sktl03679 sktl05475 sktlk02517 sktlk10907 sktlk13706 sktlΔ13 partially lethal - majority die sktl05475 Sterility Allele female sterile (with sktl2.3) sktlΔ5 sktlΔ15 female sterile (with sktlΔ5) sktl2.3 female sterile (with sktlΔ15) sktl2.3 Other Phenotypes Allele cytokinesis defective | germline clone sktl2.3 visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 sktlScer\UAS.cHa Phenotype manifest in Allele actin filament & oocyte | germ-line clone sktl2.3 chordotonal organ | lateral sktlk02608 sktlk07505 sktlk07701 sktlk12405 dorsal appendage sktlΔ15 dorsal appendage | germline clone | maternal effect sktl2.3 egg sktlΔ15 egg, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG sktlScer\UAS.P\T.T:Disc\RFP egg (with sktl2.3) sktlΔ5 egg (with sktlΔ5) sktl2.3 egg | maternal effect (with sktl2.3) sktlΔ15 egg | maternal effect (with sktlΔ15) sktl2.3 endocytic vesicle, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG sktlScer\UAS.P\T.T:Disc\RFP imaginal disc sktlk02517 macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL432B sktlScer\UAS.cHa macrochaeta | ectopic, with Scer\GAL432B sktlScer\UAS.cHa macrochaeta | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 sktlScer\UAS.cHa nurse cell & nucleus sktlΔ15 oocyte nucleus | germline clone | oogenesis stage S9 sktl2.3 oocyte nucleus | germline clone | oogenesis stage S10 sktl2.3 oocyte nucleus | oogenesis stage S9 (with sktl2.3) sktlΔ15 oocyte nucleus | oogenesis stage S9 (with sktlΔ15) sktl2.3 oocyte nucleus | oogenesis stage S10 (with sktl2.3) sktlΔ15 oocyte nucleus | oogenesis stage S10 (with sktlΔ15) sktl2.3 ovary sktlΔ15 presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system sktlk02608 sktlk07505 sktlk07701 sktlk12405 rhabdomere, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF sktlScer\UAS.cRa scutum, with Scer\GAL432B sktlScer\UAS.cHa scutum, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 sktlScer\UAS.cHa scutum & macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL432B sktlScer\UAS.cHa scutum & macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 sktlScer\UAS.cHa spermatid cyst | germline clone sktl2.3 wing sktlΔ15 sktlΔ5 wing, with Scer\GAL432B sktlScer\UAS.cHa wing, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 sktlScer\UAS.cHa wing & macrochaeta sktlΔ15 sktlΔ5 wing & macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL432B sktlScer\UAS.cHa wing & macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 sktlScer\UAS.cHa yolk granule, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG sktlScer\UAS.P\T.T:Disc\RFP yolk granule | germline clone sktl2.3
Classical Alleles ( 22 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of sktl Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion sktl05475 P-element activity 2 Yes sktlk12405 P-element activity 2 Yes sktlDG24311 1 -- sktlk13706 P-element activity 1 -- sktlMI02180 1 -- sktlΔ20 loss of function allele Delta2-3 1 Yes sktlΔ5 loss of function allele Delta2-3 1 Yes sktl03679 P-element activity 0 -- sktl2.3 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes sktlk02517 P-element activity 0 -- sktlk02608 P-element activity 0 Yes sktlk07505 P-element activity 0 Yes sktlk07701 P-element activity 0 Yes sktlk10907 P-element activity 0 -- sktlM5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- sktlunspecified 0 -- sktlΔ1-1 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence 0 Yes sktlΔ13 Delta2-3 0 -- sktlΔ15 loss of function allele Delta2-3 0 Yes sktlΔ24 Delta2-3 0 Yes sktlΔ31 Delta2-3 0 Yes sktlΔ9 Delta2-3 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of sktl Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion sktlGD1534 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes sktlGL00072 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes sktlJF02796 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes sktlKK105249 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes sktlScer\UAS.cHa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes sktlKD.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes sktlScer\UAS.cRa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes sktlScer\UAS.P\T.cGa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes sktlScer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes sktlScer\UAS.P\T.T:Disc\RFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes sktlScer\UAS.T:Zzzz\FLAG in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes sktltub.PG in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes sktlβTub85D.T:Avic\GFP-YFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2R)Exel6070 (Ryder, 2004.4.26, Gervais et al., 2008) Df(2R)inscP49 (Hassan et al., 1998, Knirr et al., 1997) Df(2R)P72 (Knirr et al., 1997) Df(2R)Pu-D17 (Spradling et al., 1999)
Not disrupted in	Df(2R)Exel7164 (Gervais et al., 2008) Df(2R)Exel7166 (Gervais et al., 2008)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD1534} NA P{KK105249} NA P{TRiP.GL00072} NA P{TRiP.JF02796} NA P{UAS-sktl.FLAG} NA P{UAS-sktl.H} NA P{UAS-sktl.KD} NA P{UAS-sktl.R} NA characterization construct P{βTub85D-sktl.YFP} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}insck02517 No P{lacW}insck02608 No P{lacW}insck07505 No P{lacW}insck07701 No P{lacW}insck10907 No P{lacW}insck12405 No P{lacW}insck13706 No P{lacW}l(2)SH0488SH0488 No P{PZ}insc03679 No P{PZ}insc05475 No insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}inscEP2010 NA miscellaneous insertions ?{}sktlΔ1-1 NA Mi{MIC}inscMI02180 NA P{wHy}sktlDG24311 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 14 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
autophagic cell death inferred from expression pattern (Gorski et al., 2003) cortical actin cytoskeleton organization inferred from mutant phenotype (Gervais et al., 2008) maintenance of oocyte nucleus location involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification inferred from mutant phenotype (Gervais et al., 2008) oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton polarization inferred from mutant phenotype (Gervais et al., 2008) peripheral nervous system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Prokopenko et al., 2000) salivary gland cell autophagic cell death inferred from expression pattern (Gorski et al., 2003) spermatid development inferred from mutant phenotype (Fabian et al., 2010)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cell cortex inferred from direct assay (Gervais et al., 2008) male germline ring canal inferred from direct assay (Fabian et al., 2010) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Fabian et al., 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with NCBI_gi:4505815 (FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Morrison et al., 2000) traceable author statement (Prokopenko et al., 2000)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
phosphatidylinositol metabolic process inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002498 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) phosphorylation non-traceable author statement (Morrison et al., 2000)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Prokopenko et al., 2000)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
sktl - Arf79F anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) sktl - RpL35A anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) sktl - cher anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) sktl - dream anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions sktl allele Gene References sktlk07505 ash1 (Cheng and Shearn, 2004) ash2 (Cheng and Shearn, 2004) sktlΔ15 ash1 (Cheng and Shearn, 2004) ash2 (Cheng and Shearn, 2004) sktlΔ20 ash1 (Cheng and Shearn, 2004) ash2 (Cheng and Shearn, 2004) unspecified rdgA (Garcia-Murillas et al., 2006)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 63002 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0016984 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0016984 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37356
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (61) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG60023Q Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6H1B47 Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6S4NB3 Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6NCJTN Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6RZ9T6
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG60023Q)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\sktl     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD25249 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM15773 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG20828 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE13767 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF12741 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA22167 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL17422     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK22881 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ18651 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI19831 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH19882 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6H1B47)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL010238 Y Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL015255 Y Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP009169 Y Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ006826 Y
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6S4NB3)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB55323 Y Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG006663 Y Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH27186 Y Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP27475 Y Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO23280 Y Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL21493 Y Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH20839 Y Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB15322 Y Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI008599 Y Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM064910 Y Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC009489 Y
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6NCJTN)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\Xcr1 Y Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_50067 Y Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW003331 Y
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6RZ9T6)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\rpn-10 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\ppk-1 Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_003324gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_005192gn Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\psmd4a Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\pip5k1b Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\CH211-204D2.2 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\psmd4b Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\si:ch211-117a23.4 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000024642 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\si:ch211-197g15.13 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\pip5k1a Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\pip5k1c Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\pip5k1a Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\pip5k1b Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\psmd4 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\ENSGALG00000000809 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\PIP5K1C Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\PIP5K1B Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Pip5k1b Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Psmd4 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Pip5k1a Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\ENSMUSG00000034902 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\ENSRNOG00000020577 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Pip5k1b Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Psmd4 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Pip5k1a Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\PIP5K1C Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000107242 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\PSMD4 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000143398 Y
Human Orthologs (4)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\PIP5K1C     Hsap\ENSG00000107242     Hsap\PSMD4     Hsap\ENSG00000143398
AAA Orthologs (10) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD25249 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM15773 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG20828 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE13767 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF12741 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA22167 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK22881 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ18651 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI19831 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH19882
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 15 )
Bloomington	39675 P{UAS-sktl.H}1, w* 39673 y1 w*; sktlΔ5/CyO, y+ 35198 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.GL00072}attP2 39674 y1 w*; sktlΔ20/CyO, P{ftz/lacB}E3 27715 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF02796}attP2/TM3, Sb1 11409 cn1 P{PZ}insc05475 sktl05475/CyO; ry506 35082 y1 w*; Mi{MIC}inscMI02180 sktlMI02180/SM6a
Kyoto	102892 y1 w67c23 ; P{lacW}insck13706 / CyO 108869 cn1 P{PZ}insc05475 sktl05475/CyO; ry506
VDRC	v101624 P{KK105249}VIE-260B v6229 w1118; P{GD1534}v6229 v6231 w1118; P{GD1534}v6231/CyO
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR04E05 BACR10P16 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 30 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LP03320
Other clones	DPiM_LP03320
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	LD19550 LP06742 LP15593 RE12328 RE30268 RE36729 RE42868 RE50517 RE54387 RE56295 RE56619 RE58714 RH24103 SD04331 SD14322 SD20447 SD21217 SD26614 SD27937
Other clones	28546 101508 154750 CK01121 EK136224 EK227917 EK258210 FGH129F01 RP01733
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0016984 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37356
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: sktl CG9985 (Kodira, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments	The complementation group previously identified as 'fam' corresponds to the sktl/insc locus. Until it is demonstrated to be otherwise, all alleles previously represented as alleles of 'fam' are now recorded as alleles of both insc and sktl.
Other Comments
	Area matching Drosophila phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5 kinase gene (inverted) , Acc. No. AF071417. (Davies, 2001.3.15) sktl is required for cell viability, germline development and proper structural development of sensory bristles. It is apparently not required for neural secretion. Overall orientation not stated: insc+ sktl? insc+ (Hassan et al., 1998) Mutants isolated in a screen of the second chromosome identifying gene affecting disc morphology. (Roch et al., 1998) sktl is located within the first exon of insc. (Breuer et al., 1997) sktl is located within the first 10kb intron of insc. The expression pattern of sktl has been analysed. (Knirr et al., 1997)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_057858 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_477206 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAB18233 AAC25576 AAF46627 AAL13966 AC004433 AF071417 AF174679 AF174680 AI259817 AW944020 AX093901 AY058737 G00585 U73490 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 37356 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q7JNK2 Q9W2R3 Q94544
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, core (IPR002498) Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, core, subgroup (IPR016034) Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase (IPR023610) Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, N-terminal domain (IPR027484) Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, C-terminal (IPR027483) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • LP03320
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 63002 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0016984 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0016984 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0016984 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0016984 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG9985-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0016984 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37356 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /newgene/skitls1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37356 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0016984
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 15 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	25/17 (Roch et al., 1998) CG9985 (Morrison et al., 2000, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2011.7.19) fam (Kania et al., 1995, ) l(2)05475 (Chen et al., 1998, ) l(2)k12405 (Chen et al., 1998) PIP5K (Gervais et al., 2008, Fabian et al., 2010) PIP5K 57B6 (Morrison et al., 2000) PIP5-kinase (Chew et al., 2009) ski (Hassan et al., 1997) sktl (Fabian et al., 2010, Garcia-Murillas et al., 2006, Secombe et al., 2007, Desroches et al., 2010, Perdigoto et al., 2008, Raghu et al., 2009, Gervais et al., 2008, Wei et al., 2008, Compagnon et al., 2009, Mattila et al., 2008, Roch et al., 2010) Sktl (Chew et al., 2009, Wei et al., 2008)
Name Synonym	fata morgana   PIP5-kinase (Petit et al., 2002) Skittles (Gervais et al., 2005, Gervais et al., 2008) skittles (Knirr, 1996.10.6, Palmer and Pichaud, 2007, Fabian et al., 2010, Desroches et al., 2010, Perdigoto et al., 2008, Roch et al., 2010) type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (Gervais et al., 2008)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0010601 FBgn0015387
References ( 75 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 75 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 27 ) Supplementary material  ( 6 ) Review  ( 3 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 13 ) Abstract  ( 15 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 4 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 3 ) Patent  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 1 )
	Roubinet et al., 2011, J. Cell Biol. 195(1): 99--112 Molecular networks linked by Moesin drive remodeling of the cell cortex during mitosis. [FBrf0216647] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...