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Gene Dmel\Cdk9

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Cdk9	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Cyclin-dependent kinase 9	Annotation symbol	CG5179
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0019949
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	9 publicly available
Also Known As	P-TEFb
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	58F2-58F3	Sequence location	2R:18,523,568..18,525,232 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Cdk9 (CG5179, FBgn0019949). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity; RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain kinase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: regulation of cell shape; transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter; transcription, DNA-dependent; cell adhesion; response to heat; cell cycle; neurogenesis. 16 alleles are reported. No phenotypic data is available. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Protein kinase, ATP binding site; Protein kinase, catalytic domain; Protein kinase-like domain; Serine/threonine- / dual specificity protein kinase, catalytic domain; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the pupal period. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, larval hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, adult male reproductive system, larval carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1629487_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of Cdk9. Gene sequence location is 2R:18523568..18525228.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 58F2-58F3   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(2)rG270rG270 and P{EP}EP718EP718
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 58F-58F     (Peng, 1997.9.29)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Cdk9 for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.51
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Cdk9-RA FBtr0071937  NM_057878   1476   404
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	1.5 (longest cDNA) (Zhu et al., 1997)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Cdk9-PA   FBpp0071848   46.8   404   9.50     NP_477226   AAF46868
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	404 (aa) (Zhu et al., 1997) 43 (kD observed) (Marshall and Price, 1995)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) Serine/threonine- / dual specificity protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR002290) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) Protein kinase, ATP binding site (IPR017441)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA246465   AA390542   AA390634   AA803753   AE013599 AAF46868   AC004377   AF027300 AAB84112   AI388450   AI389105   AI402672   AI513433   AI514554   AI518481   AX093896   AY118809 AAM50669   BF491458   BG635564   BG641140   BI170932   BI170981   BI172156   BI214314   BI354233   BI358616   BI566807   BI580983   BI580984   BI604399   BI626573   BI640898   BP549444   BX007745   BX022470   BX025895   BX034478   BX058507   CO176849   CO303933   CO308942   CO324043   CR937242   CZ488131   EC054509   EC056106   EC066326   EC223750   EC230035   GH756288   GH760284   GH772186   GH775120   GH777155   GH783914   GH793621   GH801104   GH805908   GH806638   GH808805   GH814969   GH818725   GH820575   GH828021   GH837957   GH838378   GH843017   GH852354   GH853783   GH866305   GH867688   GH873054   GH879774   GH880425   GH880726   GH882537   GH883033   GH901234   GH902848   GH902900   GH902951   GH910637   GH913173   GH926236   GH939121   GH939495
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	O17432
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
ELL-EAF complex inferred from physical interaction with Su(Tpl) (Smith et al., 2011) nucleus inferred from direct assay (Marshall et al., 1996, Lis et al., 2000) polytene chromosome inferred from direct assay (Lis et al., 2000) polytene chromosome puff inferred from direct assay (Lis et al., 2000)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, larval hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult ovary, adult male reproductive system, larval carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    228.6 Larval Midgut    76.6 Larval Hindgut    124.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    211.5 Larval Fat Body    140.6 Larval Salivary Gland    217.9 Larval Trachea    158.025 Larval Carcass    108.375 Adult Head    86.7 Adult Eye    147.675 Adult Brain    154.7 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1 Adult Crop    98.1 Adult Midgut    83.3 Adult Hindgut    94.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    129.2 Adult Fat Body    94.7 Adult Salivary Gland    103.4 Adult Heart    91.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2 Adult Ovary    243.5 Adult Testis    120.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    130.4 Adult Carcass    80.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    228.6 Larval Midgut    76.6 Larval Hindgut    124.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    211.5 Larval Fat Body    140.6 Larval Salivary Gland    217.9 Larval Trachea    158.025 Larval Carcass    108.375 Adult Head    86.7 Adult Eye    147.675 Adult Brain    154.7 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1 Adult Crop    98.1 Adult Midgut    83.3 Adult Hindgut    94.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    129.2 Adult Fat Body    94.7 Adult Salivary Gland    103.4 Adult Heart    91.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2 Adult Ovary    243.5 Adult Testis    120.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    130.4 Adult Carcass    80.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    228.6 Larval Midgut    76.6 Larval Hindgut    124.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    211.5 Larval Fat Body    140.6 Larval Salivary Gland    217.9 Larval Trachea    158.025 Larval Carcass    108.375 Adult Head    86.7 Adult Eye    147.675 Adult Brain    154.7 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1 Adult Crop    98.1 Adult Midgut    83.3 Adult Hindgut    94.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    129.2 Adult Fat Body    94.7 Adult Salivary Gland    103.4 Adult Heart    91.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2 Adult Ovary    243.5 Adult Testis    120.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    130.4 Adult Carcass    80.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    228.6 Larval Midgut    76.6 Larval Hindgut    124.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    211.5 Larval Fat Body    140.6 Larval Salivary Gland    217.9 Larval Trachea    158.025 Larval Carcass    108.375 Adult Head    86.7 Adult Eye    147.675 Adult Brain    154.7 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1 Adult Crop    98.1 Adult Midgut    83.3 Adult Hindgut    94.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    129.2 Adult Fat Body    94.7 Adult Salivary Gland    103.4 Adult Heart    91.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2 Adult Ovary    243.5 Adult Testis    120.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    130.4 Adult Carcass    80.2 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    228.6 Larval Midgut    76.6 Larval Hindgut    124.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    211.5 Larval Fat Body    140.6 Larval Salivary Gland    217.9 Larval Trachea    158.025 Larval Carcass    108.375 Adult Head    86.7 Adult Eye    147.675 Adult Brain    154.7 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1 Adult Crop    98.1 Adult Midgut    83.3 Adult Hindgut    94.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    129.2 Adult Fat Body    94.7 Adult Salivary Gland    103.4 Adult Heart    91.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2 Adult Ovary    243.5 Adult Testis    120.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    130.4 Adult Carcass    80.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    228.6 Larval Midgut    76.6 Larval Hindgut    124.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    211.5 Larval Fat Body    140.6 Larval Salivary Gland    217.9 Larval Trachea    158.025 Larval Carcass    108.375 Adult Head    86.7 Adult Eye    147.675 Adult Brain    154.7 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1 Adult Crop    98.1 Adult Midgut    83.3 Adult Hindgut    94.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    129.2 Adult Fat Body    94.7 Adult Salivary Gland    103.4 Adult Heart    91.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2 Adult Ovary    243.5 Adult Testis    120.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    130.4 Adult Carcass    80.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    228.6 Larval Midgut    76.6 Larval Hindgut    124.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    211.5 Larval Fat Body    140.6 Larval Salivary Gland    217.9 Larval Trachea    158.025 Larval Carcass    108.375 Adult Head    86.7 Adult Eye    147.675 Adult Brain    154.7 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1 Adult Crop    98.1 Adult Midgut    83.3 Adult Hindgut    94.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    129.2 Adult Fat Body    94.7 Adult Salivary Gland    103.4 Adult Heart    91.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2 Adult Ovary    243.5 Adult Testis    120.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    130.4 Adult Carcass    80.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    228.6 Larval Midgut    76.6 Larval Hindgut    124.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    211.5 Larval Fat Body    140.6 Larval Salivary Gland    217.9 Larval Trachea    158.025 Larval Carcass    108.375 Adult Head    86.7 Adult Eye    147.675 Adult Brain    154.7 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1 Adult Crop    98.1 Adult Midgut    83.3 Adult Hindgut    94.7 Adult Malpighian Tubules    129.2 Adult Fat Body    94.7 Adult Salivary Gland    103.4 Adult Heart    91.175 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2 Adult Ovary    243.5 Adult Testis    120.5 Adult Male Accessory Gland    130.4 Adult Carcass    80.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    86.7   NA  Eye    147.675   NA  Brain    154.7   228.6  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    163.1   NA  Crop    98.1   76.6  Midgut    83.3   124.7  Hindgut    94.7   211.5  Malpighian Tubules    129.2   140.6  Fat Body    94.7   217.9  Salivary Gland    103.4   NA  Heart    91.175   158.025  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    91.9   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    77.2   NA  Ovary    243.5   NA  Testis    120.5   NA  Male Accessory Gland    130.4   108.375  Carcass    80.2 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    20 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    11 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    9 salivary gland, white prepupae    20 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    13 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    6 digestive system, 20-day adult    7 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    11 fat body, pupae P8    15 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    17 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    7 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    21 testis, mated 4-day male    21 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (33) central nervous system, larvae L3    20 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    11 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    9 salivary gland, white prepupae    20 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    13 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    6 digestive system, 20-day adult    7 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    11 fat body, pupae P8    15 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    17 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    7 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    21 testis, mated 4-day male    21 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    20 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    11 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    9 salivary gland, white prepupae    20 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    13 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    6 digestive system, 20-day adult    7 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    11 fat body, pupae P8    15 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    17 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    7 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    21 testis, mated 4-day male    21 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    20 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    11 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    9 salivary gland, white prepupae    20 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    13 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    6 digestive system, 20-day adult    7 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    11 fat body, pupae P8    15 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    17 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    7 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    21 testis, mated 4-day male    21 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    20 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    11 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    9 salivary gland, white prepupae    20 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    13 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    6 digestive system, 20-day adult    7 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    11 fat body, pupae P8    15 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    17 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    7 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    21 testis, mated 4-day male    21 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (33) central nervous system, larvae L3    20 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    11 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    9 salivary gland, white prepupae    20 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    13 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    6 digestive system, 20-day adult    7 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    11 fat body, pupae P8    15 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    17 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    7 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    21 testis, mated 4-day male    21 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    20 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    11 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    9 salivary gland, white prepupae    20 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    13 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    6 digestive system, 20-day adult    7 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    11 fat body, pupae P8    15 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    17 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    7 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    21 testis, mated 4-day male    21 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    33 central nervous system, larvae L3    20 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    9 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    11 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    9 salivary gland, white prepupae    20 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    13 digestive system, 1-day adult    5 digestive system, 4-day adult    6 digestive system, 20-day adult    7 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    11 fat body, pupae P8    15 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    17 carcass, 1-day adult    5 carcass, 4-day adult    5 carcass, 20-day adult    7 ovary, virgin 4-day female    21 ovary, mated 4-day female    21 testis, mated 4-day male    21 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-18 hour embryonic stages, at stages throughout the pupal period. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    34 embryo 02-04hr    45 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    20 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    10 embryo 20-22hr    18 embryo 22-24hr    16 larva L1    9 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    15 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    20 pupae 3d postWPP    11 pupae 4d postWPP    9 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    11 adult female 01day    12 adult female 05day    17 adult female 30day    18 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (34) embryo 02-04hr  (45) embryo 04-06hr  (36) embryo 06-08hr  (32) embryo 08-10hr  (29) embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    20 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    10 embryo 20-22hr    18 embryo 22-24hr    16 larva L1    9 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    15 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    20 pupae 3d postWPP    11 pupae 4d postWPP    9 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    11 adult female 01day    12 adult female 05day    17 adult female 30day    18 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    34 embryo 02-04hr    45 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    20 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    10 embryo 20-22hr    18 embryo 22-24hr    16 larva L1    9 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    15 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    20 pupae 3d postWPP    11 pupae 4d postWPP    9 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    11 adult female 01day    12 adult female 05day    17 adult female 30day    18 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    34 embryo 02-04hr    45 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    20 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    10 embryo 20-22hr    18 embryo 22-24hr    16 larva L1    9 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    15 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    20 pupae 3d postWPP    11 pupae 4d postWPP    9 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    11 adult female 01day    12 adult female 05day    17 adult female 30day    18 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    34 embryo 02-04hr    45 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    20 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    10 embryo 20-22hr    18 embryo 22-24hr    16 larva L1    9 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    15 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    20 pupae 3d postWPP    11 pupae 4d postWPP    9 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    11 adult female 01day    12 adult female 05day    17 adult female 30day    18 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (34) embryo 02-04hr  (45) embryo 04-06hr  (36) embryo 06-08hr  32 embryo 08-10hr  29 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    20 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    10 embryo 20-22hr    18 embryo 22-24hr    16 larva L1    9 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    15 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    20 pupae 3d postWPP    11 pupae 4d postWPP    9 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    11 adult female 01day    12 adult female 05day    17 adult female 30day    18 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    34 embryo 02-04hr    45 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    20 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    10 embryo 20-22hr    18 embryo 22-24hr    16 larva L1    9 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    15 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    20 pupae 3d postWPP    11 pupae 4d postWPP    9 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    11 adult female 01day    12 adult female 05day    17 adult female 30day    18 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    34 embryo 02-04hr    45 embryo 04-06hr    36 embryo 06-08hr    32 embryo 08-10hr    29 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    20 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    13 embryo 18-20hr    10 embryo 20-22hr    18 embryo 22-24hr    16 larva L1    9 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    15 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    18 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    22 white prepupae 24hr    21 pupae 2d postWPP    20 pupae 3d postWPP    11 pupae 4d postWPP    9 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    13 adult male 30day    11 adult female 01day    12 adult female 05day    17 adult female 30day    18 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    24 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    14 embryonic GM2    15 embryonic Kc167    19 embryonic S1    44 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    17 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    13 wing disc ML-DmD9    23 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    21 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    23 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    17 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    12 ovary fGS/OSS    30 ovary OSC    35 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    24 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    14 embryonic GM2    15 embryonic Kc167    19 embryonic S1  (44) embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    17 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    13 wing disc ML-DmD9    23 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    21 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    23 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    17 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    12 ovary fGS/OSS  (30) ovary OSC  (35) ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    24 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    14 embryonic GM2    15 embryonic Kc167    19 embryonic S1    44 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    17 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    13 wing disc ML-DmD9    23 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    21 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    23 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    17 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    12 ovary fGS/OSS    30 ovary OSC    35 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    24 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    14 embryonic GM2    15 embryonic Kc167    19 embryonic S1    44 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    17 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    13 wing disc ML-DmD9    23 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    21 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    23 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    17 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    12 ovary fGS/OSS    30 ovary OSC    35 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    24 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    14 embryonic GM2    15 embryonic Kc167    19 embryonic S1    44 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    17 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    13 wing disc ML-DmD9    23 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    21 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    23 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    17 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    12 ovary fGS/OSS    30 ovary OSC    35 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    24 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    14 embryonic GM2    15 embryonic Kc167    19 embryonic S1  (44) embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    17 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    13 wing disc ML-DmD9    23 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    21 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    23 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    17 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    12 ovary fGS/OSS  30 ovary OSC  (35) ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    24 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    14 embryonic GM2    15 embryonic Kc167    19 embryonic S1    44 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    17 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    13 wing disc ML-DmD9    23 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    21 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    23 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    17 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    12 ovary fGS/OSS    30 ovary OSC    35 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    24 Schneider line 2 Sg4    11 embryonic 1182-4H    14 embryonic GM2    15 embryonic Kc167    19 embryonic S1    44 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    17 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    13 wing disc ML-DmD9    23 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    21 wing disc ML-DmD21    12 wing disc ML-DmD32    11 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    23 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    17 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    12 ovary fGS/OSS    30 ovary OSC    35 ovary OSS    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    12 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    14 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    21 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    12 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    14 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    21 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    12 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    14 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    21 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    12 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    14 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    21 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    12 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    14 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    21 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    12 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    14 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    21 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    12 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    14 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    21 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    12 cold shock, 4-day adult    9 heat shock, 4-day adult    14 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    15 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    6 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    21 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    9 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    11 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    19 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    16 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_30 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_04
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • GH21935 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0019949 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG5179-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal Cdk9GD4078 lethal, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Cdk9GD4078 Other Phenotypes Allele neuroanatomy defective | larval stage Cdk9GD4078 Phenotype manifest in Allele embryonic/larval neuroblast | larval stage Cdk9GD4078 ganglion mother cell | larval stage Cdk9GD4078
Classical Alleles ( 2 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Cdk9 Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Cdk9f05537 piggyBac transposase 2 -- Cdk9NP0727 1 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 14 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Cdk9 Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Cdk9GD4078 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes Cdk9GL00230 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Cdk9HMS01391 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Cdk9HMS02329 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Cdk9KK101197 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Cdk9D199N.MtnA.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes Cdk9dsRNA.cNa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes Cdk9MtnA.T:Scer\GAL4 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Cdk9MtnA.T:Zzzz\FLAG in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Cdk9NIG.5179R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Cdk9nos.3'UTR.Scer\UAS.P\T in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Cdk9tGa in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes Cdk9tGb in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes Cdk9tGc in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2R)Exel7174 (Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD4078} NA P{KK101197} NA P{NIG.5179R} NA P{TRiP.GL00230} NA P{TRiP.HMS01391} NA P{TRiP.HMS02329} NA P{UASp-Cdk9.nos-3'UTR} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions PBac{WH}Cdk9f05537 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}Cdk9NP0727 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 17 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 13 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity inferred from direct assay (Peng et al., 1998) RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain kinase activity inferred from direct assay (Marshall et al., 1996)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cell adhesion inferred from mutant phenotype (Kiger et al., 2003) cell cycle inferred from mutant phenotype (Kiger et al., 2003) neurogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Neumüller et al., 2011) regulation of cell shape inferred from mutant phenotype (Kiger et al., 2003) response to heat inferred from direct assay (Lis et al., 2000) transcription, DNA-dependent inferred from direct assay (Lis et al., 2000) transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from direct assay (Marshall and Price, 1992)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
ELL-EAF complex inferred from physical interaction with Su(Tpl) (Smith et al., 2011) nucleus inferred from direct assay (Marshall et al., 1996, Lis et al., 2000) polytene chromosome inferred from direct assay (Lis et al., 2000) polytene chromosome puff inferred from direct assay (Lis et al., 2000)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR002290, InterPro:IPR017441 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Zhu et al., 1997) inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:BC001968 (Mi et al., 2001.12.13) inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces CTK1 (FlyBase, 1992-) protein serine/threonine kinase activity non-traceable author statement (Peng, 1997.9.29, Morrison et al., 2000) RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain kinase activity traceable author statement (Lis et al., 2000)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
protein phosphorylation inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR002290, InterPro:IPR008271 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) non-traceable author statement (Morrison et al., 2000)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
positive transcription elongation factor complex b traceable author statement (Lis et al., 2000)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Cdk9 - CG17601 experimental knowledge based, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Guruharsha et al., 2011, Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Cdk9 - CycT experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) Cdk9 - Hexim anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Cdk9 - Su(Tpl) anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Smith et al., 2011)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Cdk9 allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 63201 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0019949 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37586 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • O17432
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (50) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6NKCFF Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6RXZ7Q Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG60RZB5 Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG695X78 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG609124
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6NKCFF)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\Cdk9     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD25120 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM15631 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG21780 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE11856 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF13008 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA18713 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL10467 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK17904 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ21256 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI20007 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH20336 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6RXZ7Q)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL013002   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP008541   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ008862
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG60RZB5)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\Cdk9   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG004706   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG004709   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH20668   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP17176   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO19638   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL17906   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH11475   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB18375   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV15846   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI008188   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA009581   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM500570   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC003392
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG695X78)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\cytb   Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\Gpat2
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG609124)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\H25P06.2 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\cdtl-7 Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_012674gn Y Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_028236gn Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\cdk9 Y Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\OTTDARG00000031704 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\cdk9 Y Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\cdk13 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\CDK9 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\CDK13 Y Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\CDK12 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\ENSMUSG00000003119 Y Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Cdk13 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Cdk9 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\ENSRNOG00000013620 Y Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Cdk12 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ENSG00000136807 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\CDK12 Y Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\CDK13 Y
Human Orthologs (3)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\ENSG00000136807     Hsap\CDK12     Hsap\CDK13
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD25120 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM15631 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG21780 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE11856 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF13008 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA18713 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL10467 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK17904 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ21256 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI20007 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH20336
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 9 )
Bloomington	18881 w1118; PBac{WH}Cdk9f05537/CyO 41932 y1 v1; P{TRiP.HMS02329}attP40/CyO 34982 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS01391}attP2 35323 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.GL00230}attP2/TM3, Sb1
Harvard	- PBac{WH}Cdk9f05537
Kyoto	103729 w*; P{GawB}Cdk9NP0727 / CyO
VDRC	v103561 P{KK101197}VIE-260B v30448 w1118; P{GD4078}v30448 v30449 w1118; P{GD4078}v30449
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR11M08 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 71 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH21935
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT28202 GH19370 GH20191 GM14191 GM15595 GM27181 LD05363 LD08792 LD09645 LD38011 LD41102 LD45702 RE12564 RE12621 RE14431 RE20085 RH36556 RH67555 RH69734 SD12401 SD13015 SD23923
Other clones	65515 156945 CK01.63C.C8 EC054509 EC056106 EK051344 EK192413 EK243209 EK259739 FGM101E08 RH01023 RP003016581 RP003021084 RP003031367 RP003040328 RP003041960 RP003047089 RP003060944 RP003061695 RP003062453 RP003066202 RP003151053 RP003159481 RP003174843 RP003200575 RP003203363 RP003205617 RP003214053 RP003224606 RP003242887 RP003302728 RP003322605 RP003348007 RP003369348 RP003385748 RP003409637 RP003417990 RP003421616 RP003454984 RP003459911 RP003485092 RP003497884 RP003520502 RP003534466 RP003573308 RP003593302 RP003631838 RP003651391
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0019949 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37586
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: Cdk9 CG5179 (Milshina, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Identified as a potential component of the hh signalling pathway in a genome-wide RNAi screen. dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed affects the extent of expression of a hh signaling reporter construct in Clone 8 cells. (Nybakken et al., 2005) When dsRNA constructs are made and transiently transfected into S2 cells in RNAi experiments, an increase in the proportion of G1 phase cells and a decrease in the mitotic index are seen. (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2004) RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells: cells become round and detached, cell morphology is aberrant and there is an increased frequency of microtubule-based mitotic spindles, indicative of a failure in mitosis. (Kiger et al., 2003) dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003) Area matching Drosophila Positive transcription elongation factor b, Acc. No. AF027300. Probable intron. (Davies, 2001.3.15) Cdk9 encodes the small subunit of P-TEFb (positive transcription elongation factor b). Cdk9 encodes a cyclin-dependent kinase that is essentially inactive in the absence of its cyclin partner CycT. (Peng et al., 1998) Cdk9 is cloned and identified as the counterpart of two human protein kinases. Purified P-TEFb can functionally replace the transcriptional activity removed from HeLa extract with human PITALRE antibodies. (Zhu et al., 1997) Removal of the carboxy terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RpII215) abolished productive elongation. P-TEFb can phosphorylate the CTD. Both function and kinase activity of P-TEFb can be blocked by application of drugs. TfIIH cannot substitute for P-TEFb. Phosphorylation of the CTD by P-TEFb controls the transition from abortive into productive elongation mode. (Marshall et al., 1996) P-TEFb stimulates the level of runoff transcripts in vitro. (Marshall and Price, 1995)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_057878 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_477226 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAB84112 AAF46868 AAM50669 AC004377 AF027300 AI402672 AX093896 AY118809 CZ488131 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 37586 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • O17432
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) Serine/threonine- / dual specificity protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR002290) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) Protein kinase, ATP binding site (IPR017441) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • GH21935
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 63201 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0019949 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0019949 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0019949 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG5179-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0019949 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 37586 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /polycomb/cdk9-1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 37586 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0019949 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • O17432
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 13 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CDK9 (Galloni, 2003, Galloni and Edgar, 1999, Peng et al., 1998, Phatnani and Greenleaf, 2006, Fisher, 2005) cdk9 (Serras et al., 2001, Mattila et al., 2008, Singh et al., 2011) Cdk9 (Basquin and Pauli, 2007, Nybakken et al., 2005, Hanyu-Nakamura et al., 2008, Eissenberg et al., 2007, Guo et al., 2011, Srinivasan et al., 2008, Smith et al., 2011, Guo et al., 2008, Chopra et al., 2009, Dworkin et al., 2009, Tokusumi et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) CG5179 (Morrison et al., 2000, Nybakken et al., 2005, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) P-TEF (Marshall and Price, 1992) P-TEFb (Ni et al., 2004, Sims et al., 2004, Garriga and Grana, 2004, Zorio and Bentley, 2001, Peng, 1997.9.29, Peng et al., 1998, Yamaguchi et al., 1998, Yankulov and Bentley, 1998, Zhu et al., 1997, Marshall et al., 1996, Marshall and Price, 1995, Hanyu-Nakamura et al., 2008, Boehm et al., 2003, Ni et al., 2008, Srinivasan et al., 2008, Petesch and Lis, 2008, Gilchrist et al., 2008) PTefb
Name Synonym	Cyclin-dependent kinase 9   Cyclin-dependent kinase9 2.7 (Kang et al., 2002) p43 PITALRE (Yamaguchi et al., 1998) positive transcription elongation factor b (Peng, 1997.9.29) Positive transcription elongation factor b (Marshall and Price, 1995) Positive transcription elongation factor b, small subunit
Secondary FlyBase IDs
References ( 74 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 74 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 32 ) Supplementary material  ( 8 ) Review  ( 7 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 13 ) Abstract  ( 3 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 3 ) Patent  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 6 )
	Baradaran-Heravi et al., 2012, Hum. Mol. Genet. 21(11): 2572--2587 Penetrance of biallelic SMARCAL1 mutations is associated with environmental and genetic disturbances of gene expression. [FBrf0218299] Nguyen et al., 2012, Nucleic Acids Res. 40(12): 5283--5297 The Drosophila 7SK snRNP and the essential role of dHEXIM in development. [FBrf0218831] Tokusumi et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(7): e41604 Gene regulatory networks controlling hematopoietic progenitor niche cell production and differentiation in the Drosophila lymph gland. [FBrf0219204] Guo et al., 2011, Mol. Cell. Biol. 31(4): 639--651 Poly(A) Signals Located near the 5' End of Genes Are Silenced by a General Mechanism That Prevents Premature 3'-End Processing. [FBrf0212905] Singh et al., 2011, Dev. Biol. 352(1): 104--115 The Bin3 RNA methyltransferase is required for repression of caudal translation in the Drosophila embryo. [FBrf0213172] Smith et al., 2011, Mol. Cell 44(6): 954--965 The little elongation complex regulates small nuclear RNA transcription. [FBrf0217100] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...