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Gene Dmel\sfl

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\sfl	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	sulfateless	Annotation symbol	CG8339
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0020251
Created / Updated	2003-12-01/2003-12-01
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	65B3-65B4	Sequence location	3L:6,488,830..6,542,346 [+]
Map ( GBrowse )	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene sulfateless is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol sfl (CG8339, FBgn0020251). It has the cytological map location 65B3-65B4. Its sequence location is 3L:6488830..6542346. Its molecular function is described as [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine N-sulfotransferase activity. It is involved in the biological processes described with 12 unique terms, many of which group under: anatomical structure development; cell communication; heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process; signal transduction; open tracheal system development; cell motility; cellular macromolecule metabolic process; organ development; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway; embryonic pattern specification; Wnt receptor signaling pathway. 11 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with 15 unique terms, many of which group under: organ system; embryonic/larval tracheal system; tracheal system; cuticle; integumentary system; primordium; nervous system; anatomical structure; portion of tissue; embryonic nervous system; midgut constriction; adult segment. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 65B3-65B4   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)0209402094 and P{lacW}l(3)L4060L4060
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 65C1-65C2   (Lin, 1999.8.4) 65C1-65C2 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Perrimon et al., 1996) 65C1-65C2   (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Molecular Map Data
Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology) References Gene Order (overall orientation not stated) References
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\sfl for information on other features
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) sfl-RA FBtr0076968  NM_079222   4864   1048
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	5.3 (northern blot) (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kD) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein sfl-PA   FBpp0076677   118.6   1048   8.79     NP_523946   AAF50658
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kD)	1048 (aa) (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts	PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways • FBgn0020251
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Sulphotransferase (IPR000863)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE003562 AAF50658   AF175689 AAD51842   AI946565   AQ034059   AY089468   BE976144   BE977454   BE978632   BF490026   BF490667   BF490984   BF494594   BF494760   BF496050   BP558597   BQ103196   BT023217   CL528272   CO179320   CO183975   CO267311   CO305661   CO321282   CZ477858   CZ478168   CZ482991   CZ484489   EC057638   EC061613   EC062081   EC065453   EC085003   EC221793   EC222191   EC233464   EC235186   EC241758   EC242250   EC244360   EL870772   EL870924   EL871008   EL871009
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q9V3L1
Maps to
Does NOT map to
Identified with	bs27h03 (Oliver, 2001.8.16)
Mapped Features & Mutations
Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts	DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs • 5014
Crossreferences
Expression Data
FlyBase-Curated Data
Transcript and Protein data	Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.
Summary of Transcript Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference  embryonic stage | early   (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Summary of Polypeptide Expression
Stage Tissue/Position Reference
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0020251 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • FBgn0020251 GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0020251
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable sflKG10053 lethal | recessive sfl03844 lethal | embryonic stage | fully | rescuable maternal effect sfl03844 Other Phenotypes Allele visible | recessive | somatic clone sfl03844 Sterility Allele fertile sflKG10053 Phenotype manifest in Allele embryonic/first instar larval cuticle sfl03844 sensory mother cell sfl03844 sfl9B4 cuticle sfl03844 denticle belt sfl03844 mesoderm | germ-line clone sfl03844 embryonic/larval tracheal system | germ-line clone sfl03844 embryonic/larval tracheal system sfl03844 embryonic/larval dorsal trunk sfl03844 embryonic/larval lateral trunk sfl03844 embryonic/larval ganglionic branch sfl03844 wing margin | somatic clone sfl03844 imaginal tracheoblast sfl9B4 embryonic epidermis sflunspecified embryo | segment polarity sflunspecified stomatogastric nervous system sflunspecified midgut constriction 2 sflunspecified
Classical Alleles ( 8 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of sfl Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion sfl03844 P-element activity 1 Yes sfl9B4 0 -- sflKG10053 P-element activity 1 -- sfld11679 P-element activity 0 -- sfle00273 piggyBac transposase 1 -- sflf00528 piggyBac transposase 1 -- sflf01993 piggyBac transposase 1 -- sflunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of sfl Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion sflGD2336 in vitro construct | RNAi in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 1 Yes sflcGa in vitro construct | regulatory fusion 0 Yes sflcLa in vitro construct | other 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Useful deficiency	Df(3L)03844
Useful duplication	Dp(3;3)M67C+1
Disrupted in	Df(3L)ZN47 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data reporter construct P{sfl-lacZ.CRM} No UAS construct P{GD2336} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{XP}sfld11679 NA miscellaneous insertions PBac{RB}sfle00273 NA PBac{WH}sflf00528 NA PBac{WH}sflf01993 NA P{SUPor-P}sflKG10053 NA insertion of enhancer trap P{PZ}sfl03844 Yes
Related Comments
	Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data The autosomal "FLP-DFS" technique (using the P{ovoD1-18} P{FRT(whs)} P{hsFLP} chromosomes) has been used to identify the specific maternal effect phenotype for the zygotic lethal mutation. (Perrimon et al., 1996) Cuticle phenotype similar to that of wg null alleles. (Lin et al., 1997) Loss of both maternal and zygotic sfl function results in profound defects in mesoderm and tracheal cell migration in the embryo. (Lin et al., 1999) Mutant clones do not show an alteration in the expression of intracellular wg protein but show a dramatic decrease in extracellular wg protein. (Baeg et al., 2001)
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 14 )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
[heparan sulfate]-glucosamine N-sulfotransferase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Lin et al., 1997) inferred from sequence or structural similarity with NCBI_gi:4505353 (FlyBase, 1992-) inferred from mutant phenotype (Toyoda et al., 2000) traceable author statement (Ghabrial et al., 2003)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
Wnt receptor signaling pathway inferred from mutant phenotype (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction non-traceable author statement (Cripps and Olson, 2002)
epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:btl; FB:FBgn0005592 AND inferred from mutant phenotype (Lin et al., 1999) traceable author statement (Affolter and Shilo, 2000)
fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:htl; FB:FBgn0010389 AND inferred from mutant phenotype (Lin et al., 1999) traceable author statement (Ghabrial et al., 2003)
glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process inferred from mutant phenotype (Toyoda et al., 2000)
heart development non-traceable author statement (Nybakken and Perrimon, 2002)
heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process traceable author statement (Park et al., 2000) non-traceable author statement (Lin et al., 2003) traceable author statement (Ghabrial et al., 2003)
heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, polysaccharide chain biosynthetic process non-traceable author statement (Perrimon and Bernfield, 2000) inferred from mutant phenotype (Toyoda et al., 2000)
mesoderm migration inferred from mutant phenotype (Lin et al., 1999) traceable author statement (Cripps and Olson, 2002)
primary branching, open tracheal system traceable author statement (Ghabrial et al., 2003)
segment polarity determination inferred from mutant phenotype (Perrimon et al., 1996) inferred from mutant phenotype (Zhu et al., 2005)
sulfur metabolic process inferred from mutant phenotype (Toyoda et al., 2000)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
cellular_component no biological data available (FlyBase Curators, 2002-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	protein_coding_gene   nuclear_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions sfl allele Gene References sfl03844 htl (Lin et al., 1999) bnl (Lin et al., 1999) sflunspecified dally (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions • 64188
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF23539 Dere\GG15349 Dgri\GH15162 Dmoj\GI12102 Dper\GL22583 Dpse\GA21002 Dsec\GM14789 Dsim\GD13961 Dvir\GJ13376 Dwil\GK12546 Dyak\GE21567
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA21002   Dsan\sfl (Carbone et al., 2005, Llopart et al., 2005) Dyak\sfl (Carbone et al., 2005, Llopart et al., 2005)
Linkouts	InParanoid orthologs - Eukaryotic orthologs • ENSANGP00000004205 Anopheles gambiae (Ensembl) ENSBTAP00000016827 Bos taurus (Ensembl) ENSCAFP00000022197 Canis familiaris (Ensembl) ENSCINP00000012314 Ciona intestinalis (Ensembl) NEWSINFRUP00000152510 Takifugu rubripes (Ensembl) ENSGALP00000008174 Gallus gallus (Ensembl) ENSP00000299641 Homo sapiens (Ensembl) ENSMMUP00000003853 Macaca mulatta (Ensembl) ENSMODP00000000510 Monodelphis domestica (Ensembl) ENSPTRP00000004587 Pan troglodytes (Ensembl) ENSRNOP00000031692 Rattus norvegicus (Ensembl) GSTENP00026587001 Tetraodon nigroviridis (Ensembl) ENSXETP00000022006 Xenopus tropicalis (Ensembl) WBGene00038831 Caenorhabditis briggsae (Wormbase) WBGene00002028 Caenorhabditis elegans (Wormbase) MGI:97040 Mus musculus (Informatics)
Functional Complementation between Species
Inter-Species Misexpression Data
Produces phenotype in
Produces NO phenotype in
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 6 )
Harvard	- PBac{RB}sfle00273 - PBac{WH}sflf00528 - PBac{WH}sflf01993
VDRC	v5070 w1118; P{GD2336}v5070
Bloomington	16501 y1; P{SUPor-P}sflKG10053 ry506 5575 Df(3L)03844, P{PZ}sfl03844 mdm03844 ry506/TM3, ryRK Sb1 Ser1
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR26E20 BACR30I05
cDNA Clones ( 18 )
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	IP02947 AT27896
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT27631 AT26294 AT03282 AT27217 AT03487 AT09759
Other clones	EK249208 bs81a05 bs47d11 bs64c01 bs27h03 EC26816 EK059110 UUGC0596 EK149414 EK290630
RNAi & Array Information
Affy Oligo
Linkouts	DRSC - RNAi screening (Harvard): high-throughput cell culture data and design • FBgn0020251 GenomeRNAi - RNAi phenotypes (Heidelberg): high-throughput cell culture data • FBgn0020251
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Position Effect Variegation Data
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: sfl CG8339 (Gabrielian, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: sfl l(3)03844 (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
Additional comments	Release 2 annotation CG8339 consisted of 2 non-overlapping transcripts - CT42364 and CT24567. These have been separated into 2 annotations in release 3 of the genome annotation; release 3 annotation CG32396 contains sequences corresponding to release 2 CT42364 and the release 3 annotation for sfl contains sequences corresponding to CT24567. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
Comments About Role
	sfl is essential for wg signalling. (Lin and Perrimon, 1999)
Comments About Molecular Function
	ChEST reveals this is a target of Mef2. (Junion et al., 2005)
Other Comments
	Identification: Defined by a P-element mutation. (Lin et al., 1997) dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079222 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_523946 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AE003562 AAF50658 AF175689 AAD51842 AI946565 AQ034059 CL528272 CZ477858 CZ478168 CZ482991 CZ484489 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q9V3L1
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Sulphotransferase (IPR000863)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions • 64188 DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs • 5014 DRSC - RNAi screening (Harvard): high-throughput cell culture data and design • FBgn0020251 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0020251 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • FBgn0020251 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0020251 GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0020251 GenomeRNAi - RNAi phenotypes (Heidelberg): high-throughput cell culture data •