FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Dredd

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Dredd

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Death related ced-3/Nedd2-like caspase

Annotation Symbol

CG7486

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0020381

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

8 publicly available

Gene Summary

Death related ced-3/Nedd2-like caspase (Dredd) encodes a protein that functions downstream of Fadd, and is thought to activate by cleavage the transcription factor encoded by Rel in the immune deficiency pathway. This pathway regulates the antibacterial response and other less characterized cellular processes. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

EG:115C2.9 , Dcp-2, Dcp-2/Dredd, Dcp2

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

1B12-1B13

Sequence location

X:633,622..635,545 [-]

Recombination map

1-0

RefSeq locus

NC_004354 REGION:633622..635545

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (20 terms)

Molecular Function (5 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Chen et al., 1998)

enables endopeptidase activity

inferred from direct assay

(Paquette et al., 2010, Ertürk-Hasdemir et al., 2009)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q94527

(assigned by UniProt )

(Leulier et al., 2000)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Fadd; FB:FBgn0038928

(Hu and Yang, 2000)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000047947

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

traceable author statement

(Brachmann and Cagan, 2003, Richardson and Kumar, 2002, Kumar and Doumanis, 2000, Tittel and Steller, 2000, Abrams, 1999)

Biological Process (14 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (12 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in apoptotic process

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Chen et al., 1998)

involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium

inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype

(Cronin et al., 2009)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Meinander et al., 2012, Wang et al., 2012, Berkey et al., 2009)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Jang et al., 2006, Leulier et al., 2000)

involved_in defense response

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Elrod-Erickson et al., 2000)

involved_in immune response

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ryu et al., 2006)

involved_in negative regulation of programmed cell death

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Berkey et al., 2009)

involved_in peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway

inferred from direct assay

(Paquette et al., 2010, Guntermann et al., 2009)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Meinander et al., 2012, Ertürk-Hasdemir et al., 2009, Valanne et al., 2007, Zhou et al., 2005, Leulier et al., 2000)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Jang et al., 2006)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Tak1; FB:FBgn0026323

(Delaney et al., 2006)

involved_in peripheral nervous system neuron development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ayyar et al., 2007)

involved_in positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-negative bacteria

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Jang et al., 2006)

involved_in positive regulation of defense response to virus by host

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Avadhanula et al., 2009)

involved_in positive regulation of innate immune response

inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype

(Cronin et al., 2009)

involved_in protein processing

inferred from direct assay

(Ertürk-Hasdemir et al., 2009)

involved_in sperm individualization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Huh et al., 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in apoptotic process

traceable author statement

(Richardson and Kumar, 2002, Kumar and Doumanis, 2000)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000047947

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in innate immune response

traceable author statement

(Kumar and Doumanis, 2000)

involved_in positive regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process

traceable author statement

(Richardson and Kumar, 2002, Kumar and Doumanis, 2000)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProt )

(Chen et al., 1998)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000047947

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

CASPASES

Pathway (FlyBase)

Imd Signaling Pathway Core Components

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the peptidase C14A family. (Q8IRY7)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

CASPASES -: Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that are particularly well known for their role in apoptosis. Caspases are translated as inactive zymogen precursor proteins. Initiator caspases have a large prodomain, and are cleaved to yield active enzyme in response to proapoptotic stimuli. Initiator caspases cleave and active effector (or executioner) caspases which cleave the substrates leading to programmed cell death. Caspases belong to MEROPS family C14. (Adapted from FBrf0215539).

Pathway (FlyBase)

Imd Signaling Pathway Core Components -: The immune deficiency (Imd) pathway primarily mediates the humoral immune response to Gram-negative bacteria. Activation of the Imd pathway by diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycan initiates a signaling cascade that ultimately results in the release of the NFκB-like factor Rel from auto-inhibition and its translocation into the nucleus to activate the transcription of antimicrobial peptides. (Adapted from FBrf0224587 and FBrf0238555.)

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Effector of the programmed cell death (PCD) activators rpr, grim and hid (PubMed:9740659). May play an apoptotic role in the germline as well as soma. Fadd interacts with Dredd to promote cleavage of Dredd and is necessary and sufficient for enhancing Dredd-induced apoptosis (PubMed:10934188). Plays a role in the innate immune response. Required for resistance to Gram-negative bacterial infection (PubMed:11269502). Diap2-mediated ubiquitination of Dredd is critical for processing of imd and rel and the subsequent expression of antimicrobial genes such as DptA (PubMed:22549468).

(UniProt, Q8IRY7)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Dredd for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure New Section

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q8IRY7)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Dredd-RD

FBtr0114559

NM_057903

1613

488

Dredd-RE

FBtr0114560

NM_057901

1631

494

Dredd-RF

FBtr0114561

NM_057902

1689

284

Dredd-RG

FBtr0340083

NM_001297822

1650

440

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

1.708, 1.694 (longest cDNA)

(Chen et al., 1998)

1.7, 1.5 (northern blot)

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Dredd-PD

FBpp0113051

55.5

488

6.95

NP_477251

AAN09022

Dredd-PE

FBpp0113052

56.2

494

6.95

NP_477249

AAF45533

Dredd-PF

FBpp0113053

32.2

284

7.00

NP_477250

AAN09023

Dredd-PG

FBpp0309082

50.0

440

7.83

NP_001284751

AHN59222

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

494, 488 (aa)

(Chen et al., 1998)

Comments

When apoptosis is triggered by the expression of rpr, grim, or W proteins, caspase-like processing of the the α, γ, and δ isoforms of Dredd protein occurs. (It is likely that the putative α isoform is a truncated form of the δ isoform.)

(Chen et al., 1998)

Dredd protein has two death effector domains, and a caspase-like domain.

(Inohara et al., 1997)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 15 kDa (caspase-8 subunit p15) and a 10 kDa (caspase-8 subunit p10) subunit (PubMed:9740659). Interacts (via N-terminus) with Diap2; likely to bind Diap2 simultaneously with Fadd to form a trimeric complex (PubMed:10934188, PubMed:22549468).

(UniProt, Q8IRY7)

Post Translational Modification

Polyubiquitinated by Diap2 following activation of the immune deficiency (Imd) pathway.

(UniProt, Q8IRY7)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

MEROPS - An information resource for peptidases (also termed proteases, proteinases and proteolytic enzymes) and the proteins that inhibit them.

C14.950

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Dredd using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Dredd_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

(Voelker et al., 1989)

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 10

organism | ubiquitous

(Chen et al., 1998)

embryonic stage 11

embryonic gnathal segment | restricted

(Chen et al., 1998)

embryonic labral segment | restricted

(Chen et al., 1998)

embryonic stage 13

larval ventral nerve cord

(Chen et al., 1998)

dorsal ridge

(Chen et al., 1998)

embryonic stage 16

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

(Chen et al., 1998)

adult stage & oogenesis stage S10

oocyte

(Chen et al., 1998)

adult stage oogenesis stage S10 -- S13

nurse cell

(Chen et al., 1998)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

(Voelker et al., 1989)

RT-PCR

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult Malpighian tubule

(McGettigan et al., 2005)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProt )

(Chen et al., 1998)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Dredd in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Dredd

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Dredd

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0020381

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

31011/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0020381

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0020381

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0020381

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG7486

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0020381

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 11 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Dredd

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Dredd

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(1)Dredd^D3

(Leulier et al., 2000)

Df(1)su(s)R194

(Elrod-Erickson et al., 2000, Leulier et al., 2000)

Inferred from location ( 0 )

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Dredd^GD12252

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Dredd^GD12252

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Dredd^GD12252

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

Dredd^GD12252

Sterility

Allele

fertile

Dredd^EY08404

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal cell shape | adult stage | conditional

Dredd^B118

abnormal immune response

abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4^- :

Dredd^EP1412

abnormal immune response (with Df(1)su(s)R194)

Dredd^B118

abnormal immune response (with Df(1)su(s)R194), with Scer\GAL4^- :

Dredd^EP1412

abnormal immune response | adult stage

abnormal immune response | recessive

Dredd^B118

abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage

Dredd^D55

abnormal oxidative stress response

Dredd^B118

abnormal starvation stress response | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Cg.PA

Dredd^KK110428

decreased cell death | adult stage

Dredd^D55

increased cell death | conditional

Dredd^B118

increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage

Dredd^B118

radiation resistant

Dredd^D55

short lived | conditional

Dredd^L23

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ap-md544

visible | dominant

Dredd^EP1412

wild-type

Dredd^+tCa

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult fat body | nutrition conditional, with Scer\GAL4^Cg.PA

Dredd^KK110428

intestinal stem cell

Dredd^B118

macrochaeta | ectopic

Dredd^EP1412

mesothoracic tergum

Dredd^EP1412

peptidergic neuron | adult stage | ectopic

Dredd^D55

retina | conditional

Dredd^B118

rhabdomere | conditional

Dredd^B118

spermatid

Dredd^B118

wing, with Scer\GAL4^ap-md544

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (19)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\CASP10

5 of 15

Yes

Hsap\CASP8

4 of 15

Yes

Hsap\CASP9

3 of 15

Yes

Hsap\CFLAR

3 of 15

Yes

Hsap\CASP1

2 of 15

Yes

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (12)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Casp8

4 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Casp9

3 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Cflar

3 of 15

Yes

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (11)

Rnor\Casp8

4 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Cflar

3 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Casp1

2 of 13

Rnor\Casp3

2 of 13

Rnor\Casp4

2 of 13

Yes

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (9)

Xtro\casp10

4 of 12

Yes

Xtro\casp1

2 of 12

Xtro\casp9

2 of 12

Yes

2 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (23)

Drer\casp10

5 of 15

Yes

Drer\casp8l1

4 of 15

Yes

Drer\casp9

3 of 15

Yes

Drer\casp22

3 of 15

Yes

Drer\cflara

3 of 15

Yes

Drer\casp3a

2 of 15

Drer\casp3b

2 of 15

Drer\casp8

2 of 15

Yes

Drer\casp20

2 of 15

Yes

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

2 of 15

Drer\si:ch211-195h23.3

2 of 15

Yes

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

1 of 15

Yes

Drer\pycard

1 of 15

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (5)

Cele\ced-3

3 of 15

Yes

Cele\csp-1

2 of 15

Cele\csp-2

2 of 15

Cele\csp-3

2 of 15

Yes

Cele\ZK795.2

1 of 15

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

No records found.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

No records found.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

No records found.

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (6)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

3 of 10

3 of 10

3 of 10

3 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 7 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

CASP10; caspase 10

model of stomach cancer

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2A

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

CASP8; caspase 8

model of hepatocellular carcinoma

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of breast cancer

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of lung cancer

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2B

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Dredd^B118

ameliorates retinal disease

modeled by norpA^EE5

(Chinchore et al., 2012)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

5 of 15

4 of 15

3 of 15

CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator

3 of 15

603599

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

Dredd

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, enzymatic study, western blot

(Kim et al., 2014, Meinander et al., 2012)

Dredd - Act5C

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - BacA\p35

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Guntermann and Foley, 2011)

Dredd - CCT6

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - CG9626

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - Cp190

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - Dark

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Hu and Yang, 2000)

Dredd - Diap2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down

(Guntermann et al., 2015, Meinander et al., 2012, Guntermann and Foley, 2011)

Dredd - Fadd

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012, Meinander et al., 2012, Guntermann and Foley, 2011, Horng and Medzhitov, 2001, Hu and Yang, 2000)

Dredd - Hsc70-1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - Hsc70-3

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - Nup358

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - RanGAP

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - Rel

enzymatic study, western blot

(Kim et al., 2014, Ertürk-Hasdemir et al., 2009)

Dredd - RpL12

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - RpL22

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - RpS28b

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - SERCA

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - Sod1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - dnr1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Guntermann et al., 2009)

Dredd - imd

enzymatic study, western blot

(Kim et al., 2014)

Dredd - pzg

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Dredd - βTub56D

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Ryu et al., 2006)

enhanceable

(Ayyar et al., 2007)

Dredd

enhanceable

Tollo

(Ayyar et al., 2007)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Diap1

enhanceable

Dredd

(Leulier et al., 2006)

suppressible

(Lee et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Chinchore et al., 2012)

PGRP-LF

suppressible

Dredd

(Maillet et al., 2008)

Rel

enhanceable

Dredd

(Ayyar et al., 2007)

rpr

suppressible

Dredd

(Di Fruscio et al., 2003)

RYBP

suppressible

Dredd

(González and Busturia, 2009)

Tollo

enhanceable

Dredd

(Ayyar et al., 2007)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, Q8IRY7 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

57579

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0020381

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Dredd

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Dredd

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Imd Signaling Pathway Core Components -: The immune deficiency (Imd) pathway primarily mediates the humoral immune response to Gram-negative bacteria. Activation of the Imd pathway by diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycan initiates a signaling cascade that ultimately results in the release of the NFκB-like factor Rel from auto-inhibition and its translocation into the nucleus to activate the transcription of antimicrobial peptides. (Adapted from FBrf0224587 and FBrf0238555.)

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

1-0

Cytogenetic map

1B12-1B13

Sequence location

X:633,622..635,545 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

1B12-1B13

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}svr^EP356&P{EP}arg^EP452 and P{EP}Dredd^EP1412&P{EP}Suv4-20^EP1216a

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

1B10-1B10

(Inohara, 1997.10.28)

1B13-1B13

(Chen, 1997.6.5)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

1-0

(FlyBase, 2016)

1-0.0

(Comeron et al., 2012)

(Inohara, 1997.10.28)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (8)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

10456

P{EP}Dredd^EP1412 w¹¹¹⁸

80924

y¹ w^* Dredd^D44

81486

y¹ v¹; P{TKO.GS04816}attP40

16892

y¹ P{EPgy2}Dredd^EY08404 w^67c23

34070

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00063}attP2

VDRC

v104726

P{KK110428}VIE-260B

v28041

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12252}v28041/CyO

v342550

P{hsFLP}1, y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; P{HD_CFD02184}attP40/CyO-GFP

Genomic Clones (16)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (14)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

GH10971

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0020381

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0020381

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

31011

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Dredd anon-1BCa

(Rodriguez, 1997.9.8)

Additional comments

Changed ‘protein’ to ‘caspase’ in the gene fullname to be more informative and consistent with fullnames of other caspase-encoding genes.

(Steller et al., 2014.7.9)

Other Comments

Dredd is necessary to provide immunity to reactive oxygen species-resistant pathogens.

(Ryu et al., 2006)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene stops cleavage of the Rel protein product in mbn-2 and S2 cells.

(Kleino et al., 2005)

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

Rel endoproteolysis appears to be carried out by the caspase Dredd.

(Stoven et al., 2003)

Mutants show no detectable induction of Dpt, CecA1 and CecA2. Attacin levels are reduced compared to wild type and Drs induction is normal.

(Lu et al., 2001)

Mutation in Dredd renders flies highly susceptible to infection by Gram-negative bacteria.

(Leulier et al., 2000)

"Gene order: In direction of increasing cytology: RpL36+ l(1)1Bi+ Dredd- su(s)+" was stated as revision.

(Chen et al., 1998)

"Gene order: In direction of increasing cytology: RpL36? l(1)1Bi+ Dredd- su(s)+ CG13367? l(1)1Bk?" was stated as revision.

(Rodriguez, 1997.9.8)

FlyBase curator comment: Gene order described in this paper is "l(1)1Bi? RpL36+ Dredd- su(s)+ CG13367? l(1)1Bk?". FBrf0098592 subsequently reversed the order of l(1)1Bi and RpL36.

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Transcription unit defined during molecular analysis of the su(s) region.

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 72 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

31011

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q8IRY7

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q8IRY7

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

X2JHT0

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q8IRY7

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0020381

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0020381

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

31011/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0020381

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Dredd_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0020381

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0020381

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG7486

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0020381

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

148668

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

31011

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC014026

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG7486

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

31011

MEROPS - An information resource for peptidases (also termed proteases, proteinases and proteolytic enzymes) and the proteins that inhibit them.

C14.950

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0020381

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

57579

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0020381

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0020381

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0020381

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0020381

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Dredd

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Dredd

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (25)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CASP8_DROME

(Fukuyama et al., 2012)

CG7486

(Douglas et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Irving et al., 2001, Benos, 2000.12.13)

DCP-2

(Kumar and Doumanis, 2000)

DCP-2/DREDD

(Meier et al., 2000, Bergmann et al., 1998)

DCP2

(Inohara et al., 1997)

Dcp-2

(Sankaranarayanan and Weil, 2020, Richardson and Kumar, 2002)

Dcp-2/Dredd

(Brachmann and Cagan, 2003, Tittel and Steller, 2000, Vernooy et al., 2000)

Dcp2

(Inohara, 1997.10.28)

Dedd

Dredd

(Buhlman et al., 2021, Fan et al., 2021, Harnish et al., 2021, Hounsell and Fan, 2021, Ma et al., 2021, Mishra et al., 2021, Rosendo Machado et al., 2021, Schneider and Imler, 2021, Sciambra and Chtarbanova, 2021, Tang et al., 2021, Han et al., 2020, Krautz et al., 2020, Parker et al., 2020, Vandehoef et al., 2020, Younes et al., 2020, Zugasti et al., 2020, Maitra et al., 2019, Meltzer et al., 2019, Molaei et al., 2019, Anthoney et al., 2018, Charroux et al., 2018, Goto et al., 2018, Kamareddine et al., 2018, Kounatidis and Chtarbanova, 2018, Palmer et al., 2018, Zhai et al., 2018, Christesen et al., 2017, Keita et al., 2017, Kounatidis et al., 2017, Kurz et al., 2017, Tavignot et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Alaraby et al., 2016, Eroglu and Derry, 2016, Liu et al., 2016, Mao et al., 2016, Melzer and Broemer, 2016, Reid and O'Brochta, 2016, Denton and Kumar, 2015, Guntermann et al., 2015, Momiuchi et al., 2015, Vedanayagam and Garrigan, 2015, Xia et al., 2015, Keebaugh and Schlenke, 2014, Kim et al., 2014, Myllymäki et al., 2014, Nandi et al., 2014, Steller et al., 2014.7.9, Xu and Cherry, 2014, Aparicio et al., 2013, Denton et al., 2013, Gendrin et al., 2013, Kari et al., 2013, Kingsolver et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2013, Merkling and van Rij, 2013, Yacobi-Sharon et al., 2013, Chen et al., 2012, Eleftherianos and Castillo, 2012, Fukuyama et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Meinander et al., 2012, Vecchio et al., 2012, Karpac et al., 2011, Keller et al., 2011, Kuranaga, 2011, Paredes et al., 2011, Suissa et al., 2011, Valanne et al., 2011, Aymeric et al., 2010, Hill-Burns and Clark, 2010, Kim et al., 2010, Sabin et al., 2010, Amarneh et al., 2009, Bond and Foley, 2009, Cronin et al., 2009, Guntermann et al., 2009, Hill-Burns and Clark, 2009, Luce-Fedrow et al., 2009, Obbard et al., 2009, Aggarwal et al., 2008, Goto et al., 2008, Hou et al., 2008, Lhocine et al., 2008, Maillet et al., 2008, Ryu et al., 2008, Ayyar et al., 2007, Dijkers and O'Farrell, 2007, Haerty et al., 2007, Junion et al., 2007, Kuranaga and Miura, 2007, McCall et al., 2007, Primrose et al., 2007, Sackton et al., 2007, Sevrioukov et al., 2007, Valanne et al., 2007, Waterhouse et al., 2007, Wu et al., 2007, Akira et al., 2006, Bergmann, 2006, Delaney et al., 2006, Jang et al., 2006, Kim et al., 2006, Leulier et al., 2006, Ryu et al., 2006, Gesellchen et al., 2005, Kim et al., 2005, Kornbluth and White, 2005, McGettigan et al., 2005, Sang et al., 2005, Zhou et al., 2005, Li et al., 2002, Voelker et al., 1989)

Dredd/DCP-2

(Leulier et al., 2006)

EG:115C2.9

(Benos et al., 2001, Benos, 2000.12.13)

Redd

anon-1BCa

dDredd

(Bangi et al., 2012)

dcp-2/dredd

(Vernooy et al., 2000, Bergmann et al., 1999)

dredd

(Blanco et al., 2020, Aalto et al., 2019, Shinoda et al., 2019, Hori et al., 2018, Napoletano et al., 2017, Petkau et al., 2017, Ding et al., 2016, Arya and White, 2015, Kale et al., 2015, Verma and Tapadia, 2015, Fernando et al., 2014, Kuang et al., 2014, Liang et al., 2014, Verma and Tapadia, 2014, Lee et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2013, Nelson et al., 2013, Wang et al., 2013, Chinchore et al., 2012, Wang et al., 2012, Douglas et al., 2011, Lee et al., 2011, Paquette et al., 2010, Radyuk et al., 2010, Avadhanula et al., 2009, Berkey et al., 2009, González and Busturia, 2009, Xu et al., 2009, Zsindely et al., 2009, Joza et al., 2008, Baum et al., 2007, Cocco and Rabinow, 2007, Hallem et al., 2007, Huh et al., 2007, Sevrioukov et al., 2007, Balakireva et al., 2006, Brun et al., 2006, Kondo et al., 2006, Leulier et al., 2006, Park et al., 2004, Leulier et al., 2003, Gorski and Marra, 2002, Moreno et al., 2002, Richardson and Kumar, 2002, Kimbrell and Beutler, 2001, Michel et al., 2001, Naitza et al., 2001, Buszczak and Cooley, 2000, Elrod-Erickson et al., 2000, Kumar and Doumanis, 2000, Lemaitre, 2000.12.20, Leulier et al., 2000, Schneider, 2000, Rodriguez et al., 1999, Chen et al., 1998, Rodriguez et al., 1998)

Name Synonyms

Ced-3-like/Nedd2-like protein

Death caspase-2

Death related ced-3/Nedd2-like caspase

(Steller et al., 2014.7.9)

Death related ced-3/Nedd2-like protein

Dredd

(Song et al., 2021)

Drosophila caspase

(Inohara et al., 1997)

caspase

(Bose et al., 1998)