FB2021_06, released December 14, 2021

Gene: Dmel\Pp4-19C

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Pp4-19C
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Protein phosphatase 19C
Annotation Symbol
CG32505
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0023177
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
10 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
Protein-serine/threonine phosphatase (3.1.3.16)
Gene Summary
Protein phosphatase that regulates many processes such as microtubule organization at centrosomes. The probable PP4 complex Pp4-19C-PPP4R2r-flfl (PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3) is required to prevent caspase-induced cell death (in vitro). (UniProt, O76932)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

PP4, PP4c

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
19D1-19D1
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-64
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:20421087..20424002
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (11 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Jia et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in microtubule-based process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Helps et al., 1998)
involved_in mitotic cell cycle
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2007)
involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:NiPp1; FB:FBgn0026402
(Su et al., 2011)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Jia et al., 2009)
involved_in protein dephosphorylation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Jia et al., 2009)
involved_in regulation of mitotic cell cycle
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Helps et al., 1998)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in centrosome
inferred from direct assay
(Helps et al., 1998)
located_in chromosome, centromeric region
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Cenp-C; FB:FBgn0266916
(Lipinszki et al., 2015)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Helps et al., 1998)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Helps et al., 1998)
part_of protein phosphatase 4 complex
inferred from direct assay
(Martin-Granados et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-4 (PP-X) subfamily. (O76932)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC)
Experimental Evidence
[a protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H(2)O = [a protein]- serine/threonine + phosphate (3.1.3.16)
Predictions / Assertions
-
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
PPP FAMILY PROTEIN SERINE/THREONINE PHOSPHATASES -
The Phosphoprotein Phosphatase (PPP) family members are serine/threonine phosphatases. They often function in association with regulatory subunits. (Adapted from PMID:11230548 and PMID:19879837).
Pathway (FlyBase)
Negative Regulators of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway -
Negative regulators of hedgehog signaling down-regulate the pathway, resulting in the repression of transcription of hh-responsive genes.
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Protein phosphatase that regulates many processes such as microtubule organization at centrosomes. The probable PP4 complex Pp4-19C-PPP4R2r-flfl (PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3) is required to prevent caspase-induced cell death (in vitro).
(UniProt, O76932)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
5
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Pp4-19C for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.57

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 6.02

Gene model reviewed during 6.08

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Pp4-19C-RA
FBtr0077324
NM_080064
1953
307
Pp4-19C-RE
FBtr0077325
NM_167703
2001
307
Pp4-19C-RG
FBtr0345017
NM_001298561
1856
307
Pp4-19C-RH
FBtr0346620
NM_001298560
2159
307
Pp4-19C-RI
FBtr0445386
NM_001316641
1977
307
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Pp4-19C-PA
FBpp0077016
35.3
307
4.89
NP_524803
AAF50905
Pp4-19C-PE
FBpp0077017
35.3
307
4.89
NP_728342
AAN09547
Pp4-19C-PG
FBpp0311268
35.3
307
4.89
NP_001285490
AHN59960
Pp4-19C-PH
FBpp0312200
35.3
307
4.89
NP_001285489
AHN59959
Pp4-19C-PI
FBpp0401522
35.3
307
4.89
NP_001303570
ALI51161
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

307 aa isoforms: Pp4-19C-PA, Pp4-19C-PE, Pp4-19C-PG, Pp4-19C-PH, Pp4-19C-PI
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) occurs in different assemblies of the catalytic and one or more regulatory subunits (By similarity). Probably part of a PP4 PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3 complex containing Pp4-19C, PPP4R2r and flfl.

(UniProt, O76932)
Post Translational Modification

Reversibly methyl esterified on Leu-307 by leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1 (LCMT1) and protein phosphatase methylesterase 1 (PPME1). Carboxyl methylation influences the affinity of the catalytic subunit for the different regulatory subunits, thereby modulating the PP2A holoenzyme's substrate specificity, enzyme activity and cellular localization (By similarity).

(UniProt, O76932)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Pp4-19C using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in centrosome
inferred from direct assay
(Helps et al., 1998)
located_in chromosome, centromeric region
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Cenp-C; FB:FBgn0266916
(Lipinszki et al., 2015)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Helps et al., 1998)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Helps et al., 1998)
part_of protein phosphatase 4 complex
inferred from direct assay
(Martin-Granados et al., 2008)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Pp4-19C in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Pp4-19C
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Pp4-19C
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
lethal - all die during embryonic stage, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
partially lethal - majority die | maternal effect | recessive
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
female fertile, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG
female semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4nos.PG
female semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4VP16.mat.αTub67C
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal mitotic cell cycle | third instar larval stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage
radiation sensitive | third instar larval stage
some die during embryonic stage | recessive | maternal effect | recessive
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
centrosome | embryonic stage | maternal effect
embryo | maternal effect, with Scer\GAL4VP16.mat.αTub67C
embryonic/larval brain | third instar larval stage
ganglion mother cell | larval stage
larval neuroblast | larval stage
mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
microtubule | embryonic stage | maternal effect
mitotic domain | maternal effect
neuromuscular junction, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
nucleus | third instar larval stage
synapse, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (14)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\PPP4C
15 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\PPP2CA
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PPP2CB
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PPP6C
3 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PPEF1
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PPEF2
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PPP1CA
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\PPP1CB
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PPP1CC
1 of 15
No
No
2  
Hsap\PPP3CA
1 of 15
No
No
2  
Hsap\PPP3CB
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\PPP3CC
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PPP5C
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\PPP5D1
1 of 15
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (13)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Ppp4c
15 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Ppp2ca
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp2cb
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp6c
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppef1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppef2
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp1ca
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp1cb
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp1cc
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp3ca
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp3cb
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp3cc
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ppp5c
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (12)
Rnor\Ppp4c
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Ppp2cb
3 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppp6c
3 of 13
No
No
Rnor\LOC103694903
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppp2ca
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppef1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppp1ca
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppp1cb
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppp1cc
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppp3ca
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppp3cc
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ppp5c
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (12)
Xtro\ppp4c
13 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ppp2ca
3 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp2cb
3 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp6c
3 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppef1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp1ca
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp1cb
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp1cc
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp3ca
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp3cb
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp3cc
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ppp5c
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (16)
Drer\ppp4cb
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\ppp4ca
12 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ppp2ca
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp2cb
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp6c
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\zgc:56064
3 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppef1
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp1caa
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp1cab
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp1cb
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp1cbl
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp1cc
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp3ca
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp3cca
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp3ccb
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\ppp5c
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (45)
Cele\pph-4.1
15 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\pph-4.2
9 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\pph-6
3 of 15
No
No
Cele\let-92
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\C06A1.3
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C09H5.7
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C23G10.1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C24H11.1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C24H11.2
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C25A6.1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C27B7.6
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C30A5.4
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C34D4.2
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\C47A4.3
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F20D6.6
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F22D6.9
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F23B12.1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F25B3.4
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F26B1.5
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F42G8.8
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F44B9.9
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F49E11.7
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F52H3.6
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\F58G1.3
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\gsp-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\gsp-2
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\gsp-3
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\pef-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\pph-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\pph-5
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\R03D7.8
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\R08A2.2
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\R08C7.8
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\R13A5.11
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\T16G12.7
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\T25B9.2
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\tax-6
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\W03D8.2
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\Y40H4A.2
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\Y69E1A.4
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\Y71G12B.30
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\ZC477.2
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\ZC477.10
1 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\ZK354.9
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\ZK938.1
1 of 15
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (9)
Atha\PPX1
9 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\PPX2
9 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\FYPP1
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\FYPP3
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\PP2A-1
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\PP2A-2
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\PP2A-3
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\PP2A-4
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\PP2A
1 of 9
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (13)
Scer\PPH3
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
Scer\PPG1
4 of 15
No
Yes
Scer\SIT4
3 of 15
No
No
Scer\PPH21
2 of 15
No
No
Scer\PPH22
2 of 15
No
No
Scer\CMP2
1 of 15
No
No
Scer\CNA1
1 of 15
No
No
Scer\GLC7
1 of 15
No
No
Scer\PPQ1
1 of 15
No
No
Scer\PPT1
1 of 15
No
No
Scer\PPZ1
1 of 15
No
No
Scer\PPZ2
1 of 15
No
No
Scer\YNL217W
1 of 15
No
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (5)
Spom\SPBC26H8.05c
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\SPAC22H10.04
2 of 12
No
Yes
Spom\ppa1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\ppa2
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\ppe1
1 of 12
No
No
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09190BCS )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00006013
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD15536
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM22672
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG17991
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE15348
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF19488
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA16950
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL26791
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK25592
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ15931
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI16239
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH17590
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0915071U )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17025571
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY001456
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_02250
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_09251
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes014334
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL004040
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC008137
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP003779
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ001371
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W07AS )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA007690
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA007460
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA013010
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS213073-PA
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS204658-PA
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS207062-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL004014
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL010195
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\3752870884
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\3507516404
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2185574404
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB51661
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\mts
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\PpV
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP10469
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP24577
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP15296
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15208579
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15212044
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15203288
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH13436
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH13420
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH18778
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:00190a
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:001c2e
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:000794
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG009849
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG008036
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG007266
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_02311
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_05789
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_11869
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_11176
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC005366
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC011181
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\GLEAN_15726
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM448770
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM290490
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM269020
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC012815
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC007500
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC002350
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC009112
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC004669
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC006872
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI007135
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI010064
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI000060
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI000564
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_00658
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_10249
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_08799
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X07TC )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR010572
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR004584
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR005701
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW021145
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW014549
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW015013
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM61128.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM67582.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur07g06340
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur21g01520
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur08g00280
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_68048
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_72831
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_303396
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_209708
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0B6S )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ppp6c_1
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ppp4c
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Ppp2ca
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100186064
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100177460
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100176595
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\LOC100178929
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\PPP2CA
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\PPP6C
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\PPP2CA
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (18)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
CG11597
5 of 10
mts
5 of 10
PpV
5 of 10
CanA1
2 of 10
CanA-14F
2 of 10
flw
2 of 10
Pp1-13C
2 of 10
Pp1-87B
2 of 10
Pp1α-96A
2 of 10
Pp1-Y1
2 of 10
Pp1-Y2
2 of 10
Pp2B-14D
2 of 10
PpD3
2 of 10
PpD5
2 of 10
PpD6
2 of 10
PpN58A
2 of 10
PpY-55A
2 of 10
rdgC
2 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Model Summary Ribbon
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
PPP4C; protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit
15 of 15
602035
      PPP2CA; protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha
      3 of 15
      176915
        PPP2CB; protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit beta
        3 of 15
        176916
            PPP6C; protein phosphatase 6 catalytic subunit
            3 of 15
            612725
                Functional Complementation Data
                Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                Interactions
                Summary of Physical Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                Select Layout:
                Legend:
                Protein
                RNA
                Selected Interactor(s)
                Interactions Browser
                View in Interactions Browser
                Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                protein-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                Pp4-19C - CG4666
                experimental knowledge based
                (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Pp4-19C - Cenp-C
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot, pull down, western blot
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                Pp4-19C - PPP4R2r
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, experimental knowledge based
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015, Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Pp4-19C - Ptpa
                anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
                (Zhang et al., 2016)
                Pp4-19C - Tap42
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, experimental knowledge based
                (Wang et al., 2012, Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                Pp4-19C - cos
                pull down, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation
                (Jia et al., 2009)
                Pp4-19C - flfl
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                Pp4-19C - sa
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based
                (Rhee et al., 2014)
                Pp4-19C - smo
                pull down, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation
                (Jia et al., 2009)
                RNA-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                Pp4-19C - stau
                anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, partial DNA sequence identification by hybridization, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation
                (Laver et al., 2013)
                Summary of Genetic Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                External Data
                Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
                Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) occurs in different assemblies of the catalytic and one or more regulatory subunits (By similarity). Probably part of a PP4 PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3 complex containing Pp4-19C, PPP4R2r and flfl.
                (UniProt, O76932 )
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Pathways
                Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                Negative Regulators of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway -
                Negative regulators of hedgehog signaling down-regulate the pathway, resulting in the repression of transcription of hh-responsive genes.
                Metabolic Pathways
                FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                External Data
                Linkouts
                Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                Chromosome (arm)
                X
                Recombination map
                1-64
                Cytogenetic map
                19D1-19D1
                Sequence location
                FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Evidence for location
                19D1-19D1
                Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}amnEP1639&P{EP}amnEP367 and P{EP}CG1702EP1525
                Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Notes
                References
                19C1-19C2
                (Cohen, 1997.7.9)
                19C1-19C2
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Helps et al., 1998)
                Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                Location

                1-64

                (FlyBase, 2016)

                1-64.3

                (Comeron et al., 2012)
                Left of (cM)
                Right of (cM)
                Notes
                Stocks and Reagents
                Stocks (10)
                Genomic Clones (8)
                 

                Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                cDNA Clones (91)
                 

                Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                RNAi and Array Information
                Linkouts
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                Antibody Information
                Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                 

                polyclonal

                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                Commercially Available Antibodies
                 
                Other Information
                Relationship to Other Genes
                Source for database identify of

                Source for identity of: Pp4-19C CG1459

                (Guan, 1999.11)

                Source for identity of: Pp4-19C CG1596

                (Guan, 1999.11)
                Source for database merge of

                Source for merge of: Pp4-19C CG1596 CG1459

                (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.17)

                Source for merge of: Pp4-19C CG18339

                (FlyBase, 1996-)
                Additional comments

                Source for merge of Pp4-19C CG18339 was sequence comparison ( date:001104 ).

                (FlyBase, 1996-)
                Other Comments

                Pp4-19C is required for organisation of microtubules at centrosomes in Drosophila embryos.

                (Helps et al., 1998)
                Origin and Etymology
                Discoverer
                Etymology
                Identification
                External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 51 )
                Sequence Crossreferences
                NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                Other crossreferences
                BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Synonyms and Secondary IDs (26)
                Reported As
                Symbol Synonym
                CG1459
                (Morrison et al., 2000)
                CG1596
                CG18339
                (Jia et al., 2009)
                CG32505
                (Meadows, 2017.1.11, Hosono et al., 2015, Lipinszki et al., 2015, Schertel et al., 2013, Chen et al., 2012, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Zhang et al., 2010, Perkins et al., 2009)
                DmPpp4-19C
                (Cohen et al., 2005)
                PP1
                (Fang et al., 2007)
                PP4
                (Keegan and Hughes, 2021, Zhao et al., 2017, Wang et al., 2012, Jia et al., 2009, Bielinski and Mumby, 2007, Silverstein et al., 2002, de Carcer et al., 2001, Morrison et al., 2000, Zimmerman et al., 1999, Gonzalez et al., 1998, Helps et al., 1998, Cohen, 1993)
                PP4 19C
                (Cohen, 1997)
                PP4-1
                (Salem Wehbe et al., 2021)
                PP4-19C
                (Xue et al., 2019, Zhang et al., 2016, Bulat et al., 2014)
                PP4-19c
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                PP4C
                (Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
                PP4c
                (Winfree et al., 2017, Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                PPP4c
                (Cohen et al., 2005)
                PPX
                (Chen et al., 1992)
                Pp4-19C
                (Parkhitko et al., 2021, Yusuff et al., 2021, Chougule et al., 2020, Yusuff et al., 2020, Meltzer et al., 2019, Merigliano et al., 2017, Solis et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Di Cara et al., 2015, Gonzalez et al., 2014, Pogson et al., 2014, Sopko et al., 2014, Czech et al., 2013, Schertel et al., 2013, Vaque et al., 2013, Yin et al., 2013, Neumüller et al., 2011, Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009, Bielinski and Mumby, 2007, Chen et al., 2007, Stanyon et al., 2004)
                Pp4-19c
                (Aleman et al., 2021, Salem Wehbe et al., 2021)
                PpX
                Ppp4c
                (Martin-Granados et al., 2008)
                dPP4
                (Bielinski and Mumby, 2007)
                pp4
                (Cohen, 1997.7.9)
                Name Synonyms
                Phosphoprotein phosphatase 4
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                Protein Phosphatase 4
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                Protein phosphatase 19C
                (Laver et al., 2013)
                Protein phosphatase X
                protein phosphatase 1
                (Fang et al., 2007)
                Secondary FlyBase IDs
                • FBgn0005784
                • FBgn0031112
                • FBgn0031113
                • FBgn0042229
                • FBgn0052505
                Datasets (0)
                Study focus (0)
                Experimental Role
                Project
                Project Type
                Title
                References (96)