• Home
• Tools
  • Tools Overview
  • Query Tools

    
    • QuickSearch
    • QueryBuilder
    • TermLink
    • CytoSearch
    • RNA-Seq Search
    • Interactions Browser
    • ImageBrowse
    • Find A Person
    • Google™ FlyBase
  • Genomic/Map Tools

    
    • BLAST
    • GBrowse
    • GBrowse 2 Beta
    • CytoSearch
    • Feature Mapper
    • Aberrations Maps
    • Chromosome Maps
    • Coordinates Converter
  • Retrieve/Convert

    
    • Batch Download
    • Coordinates Converter
    • ID Converter
  • Data Submission

    
    • Fast-Track Your Paper
    • Submit Personal Comm
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
  • People

    
    • Find A Person
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
• Files
  • Files Overview
  • Current release
  • Archived releases
  • Map Conversion
  • FTP site:
  • Releases (FTP)
  • Genomes (FTP)
• Species
  • Phylogeny
  • Sequenced Species
  • Synteny Table
  • Color Illustrations
  • Abbreviations
• Documents
  • About FlyBase
  • Reference Manual:
  • Sections
  • Contents
  • Nomenclature
  • Release Notes
• Resources
  • All Resources
  • Model Organisms
  • Stock Collections
  • Vectors & Constructs
  • Other links:
  • BDGP
  • DGRC
  • DIS by issue
  • FlyExpress
  • Interactive Fly
  • modENCODE
  • Textpresso for Fly
• News
  • News
  • FlyBase Forum
  • FlyBase Positions
  • Meetings
  • Courses
  • Fly Board
  • White papers
  • Funding
  • bionet.dros
• Help
  • Google™ FlyBase
  • Site Map
  • FAQs
  • FlyBase Guides
  • Video Tutorials
  • Report help
  • New to Flies
  • Pers. comm.
  • Author guidelines
  • Contact FlyBase
• Archives
  • Prior Release
  • Other Archives
  • Coordinate Converter

Gene Dmel\chico

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\chico	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	chico	Annotation symbol	CG5686
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0024248
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	9 publicly available
Also Known As	IRS, dIRS, fs(2)4
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	31B1-31B1	Sequence location	2L:10,242,512..10,247,078 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene chico is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\chico (CG5686, FBgn0024248). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: insulin-like growth factor receptor binding; insulin receptor binding. There is experimental evidence for 14 unique biological process terms, many of which group under: biological regulation; single-organism developmental process; cellular component organization or biogenesis; growth; multicellular organism reproduction; developmental growth; response to stress; regulation of multicellular organismal process; gamete generation; male germ-line stem cell division; associative learning; response to nutrient levels; response to decreased oxygen levels. 20 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; organ system subdivision; multicellular structure; adult; adult segment; external compound sense organ; portion of tissue; thoracic segment; synapse; tracheal system. It has 3 annotated transcripts and 3 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Insulin receptor substrate-1, PTB; Pleckstrin homology domain; Pleckstrin homology-like domain. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 12-24 hour embryonic stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult tissues/organs expressed at moderate levels. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1631374_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of chico. Gene sequence location is 2L:10242512..10247078.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 31B1-31B1   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}me31Bk06607 and P{PZ}nmd08774
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 31B-31C     (Poltilove, 1998.9.14) 32B-32B     (Boehni, 1999.5.27) 31B-31B   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Riesgo-Escovar, 1998.3.10)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\chico for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.46 Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) chico-RA FBtr0080088  NM_164899   3229   968 chico-RB FBtr0303904  NM_001201843   3104   968 chico-RC FBtr0333412  NM_001273387   3578   968
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	3.197 (longest cDNA) (Kulansky Poltilove et al., 2000) 3.6 (sequence analysis) (Bohni et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein chico-PA   FBpp0079677   107.8   968   7.71     NP_723540   AAF52882 chico-PB   FBpp0292907   107.8   968   7.71     NP_001188772   ADV37022 chico-PC   FBpp0305604   107.8   968   7.71     NP_001260316   AGB92851
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	968 (aa); 144 (kD observed); 108 (kD predicted) (Kulansky Poltilove et al., 2000) 968 (aa); 97 (kD predicted) (Bohni et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Pleckstrin homology domain (IPR001849) Insulin receptor substrate-1, PTB (IPR002404) Pleckstrin homology-like domain (IPR011993)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA536319   AA803617   AE014134 AAF52882   AE014134 ADV37022   AF092046 AAD43005   AF154826 AAD40880   AF181643 AAD55429   AE014134 AGB92851   AI108531   AI114391   AI387000   AI389470   AI402254   AI402670   AI456547   AI513765   AI534826   AI541885   AX059582   AX059583 CAC24852   AX059585   BG636849   BG637602   BG639476   BH840389   BI165633   BI165850   BI354308   BT016137 AAV37022   CO278021   CO302853   CO302875   CO305610   CO324241   CO327555   EC053509   EC053534   EC056860   EC057123   EC063234   EC074465   EC194867   EC212373   EC221480   EC234938   ES692328   GH749740   GH755797   GH760765   GH770499   GH777010   GH794684   GH806696   GH844734   GH846393   GH857412   GH870131   GH877381   GH888088   GH890316   GH904086   GH931409   GH940258   GH942440
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q9XTN2
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   adult brain | restricted   (Naganos et al., 2012) Kenyon cell   (Naganos et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   adult brain | restricted   (Naganos et al., 2012) Kenyon cell   (Naganos et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Nearly all larval and adult tissues/organs expressed at moderate levels. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval/adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    168.125 Larval Midgut    131.5 Larval Hindgut    140.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    190.9 Larval Fat Body    175.2 Larval Salivary Gland    157.4 Larval Trachea    188.625 Larval Carcass    187.475 Adult Head    211.9 Adult Eye    170.125 Adult Brain    263 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7 Adult Crop    272.3 Adult Midgut    142.5 Adult Hindgut    166.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    217 Adult Fat Body    205.2 Adult Salivary Gland    267.4 Adult Heart    188.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185 Adult Ovary    209.7 Adult Testis    40.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    232.7 Adult Carcass    227.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    168.125 Larval Midgut    131.5 Larval Hindgut    140.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    190.9 Larval Fat Body    175.2 Larval Salivary Gland    157.4 Larval Trachea    188.625 Larval Carcass    187.475 Adult Head    211.9 Adult Eye    170.125 Adult Brain    263 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7 Adult Crop    272.3 Adult Midgut    142.5 Adult Hindgut    166.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    217 Adult Fat Body    205.2 Adult Salivary Gland    267.4 Adult Heart    188.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185 Adult Ovary    209.7 Adult Testis    40.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    232.7 Adult Carcass    227.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    168.125 Larval Midgut    131.5 Larval Hindgut    140.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    190.9 Larval Fat Body    175.2 Larval Salivary Gland    157.4 Larval Trachea    188.625 Larval Carcass    187.475 Adult Head    211.9 Adult Eye    170.125 Adult Brain    263 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7 Adult Crop    272.3 Adult Midgut    142.5 Adult Hindgut    166.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    217 Adult Fat Body    205.2 Adult Salivary Gland    267.4 Adult Heart    188.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185 Adult Ovary    209.7 Adult Testis    40.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    232.7 Adult Carcass    227.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    168.125 Larval Midgut    131.5 Larval Hindgut    140.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    190.9 Larval Fat Body    175.2 Larval Salivary Gland    157.4 Larval Trachea    188.625 Larval Carcass    187.475 Adult Head    211.9 Adult Eye    170.125 Adult Brain    263 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7 Adult Crop    272.3 Adult Midgut    142.5 Adult Hindgut    166.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    217 Adult Fat Body    205.2 Adult Salivary Gland    267.4 Adult Heart    188.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185 Adult Ovary    209.7 Adult Testis    40.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    232.7 Adult Carcass    227.2 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    168.125 Larval Midgut    131.5 Larval Hindgut    140.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    190.9 Larval Fat Body    175.2 Larval Salivary Gland    157.4 Larval Trachea    188.625 Larval Carcass    187.475 Adult Head    211.9 Adult Eye    170.125 Adult Brain    263 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7 Adult Crop    272.3 Adult Midgut    142.5 Adult Hindgut    166.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    217 Adult Fat Body    205.2 Adult Salivary Gland    267.4 Adult Heart    188.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185 Adult Ovary    209.7 Adult Testis    40.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    232.7 Adult Carcass    227.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    168.125 Larval Midgut    131.5 Larval Hindgut    140.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    190.9 Larval Fat Body    175.2 Larval Salivary Gland    157.4 Larval Trachea    188.625 Larval Carcass    187.475 Adult Head    211.9 Adult Eye    170.125 Adult Brain    263 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7 Adult Crop    272.3 Adult Midgut    142.5 Adult Hindgut    166.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    217 Adult Fat Body    205.2 Adult Salivary Gland    267.4 Adult Heart    188.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185 Adult Ovary    209.7 Adult Testis    40.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    232.7 Adult Carcass    227.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    168.125 Larval Midgut    131.5 Larval Hindgut    140.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    190.9 Larval Fat Body    175.2 Larval Salivary Gland    157.4 Larval Trachea    188.625 Larval Carcass    187.475 Adult Head    211.9 Adult Eye    170.125 Adult Brain    263 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7 Adult Crop    272.3 Adult Midgut    142.5 Adult Hindgut    166.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    217 Adult Fat Body    205.2 Adult Salivary Gland    267.4 Adult Heart    188.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185 Adult Ovary    209.7 Adult Testis    40.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    232.7 Adult Carcass    227.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    168.125 Larval Midgut    131.5 Larval Hindgut    140.7 Larval Malpighian Tubules    190.9 Larval Fat Body    175.2 Larval Salivary Gland    157.4 Larval Trachea    188.625 Larval Carcass    187.475 Adult Head    211.9 Adult Eye    170.125 Adult Brain    263 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7 Adult Crop    272.3 Adult Midgut    142.5 Adult Hindgut    166.5 Adult Malpighian Tubules    217 Adult Fat Body    205.2 Adult Salivary Gland    267.4 Adult Heart    188.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185 Adult Ovary    209.7 Adult Testis    40.3 Adult Male Accessory Gland    232.7 Adult Carcass    227.2 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    211.9   NA  Eye    170.125   NA  Brain    263   168.125  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    214.7   NA  Crop    272.3   131.5  Midgut    142.5   140.7  Hindgut    166.5   190.9  Malpighian Tubules    217   175.2  Fat Body    205.2   157.4  Salivary Gland    267.4   NA  Heart    188.875   188.625  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    186.4   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    185   NA  Ovary    209.7   NA  Testis    40.3   NA  Male Accessory Gland    232.7   187.475  Carcass    227.2 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    15 central nervous system, pupae P8    13 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    17 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    15 head, mated 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day male    20 head, mated 4-day male    21 head, mated 20-day male    26 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    11 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    16 digestive system, 1-day adult    9 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    10 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    14 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    13 ovary, virgin 4-day female    19 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    15 central nervous system, pupae P8    13 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    17 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    15 head, mated 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day male    20 head, mated 4-day male    21 head, mated 20-day male  26 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    11 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    16 digestive system, 1-day adult    9 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    10 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    14 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    13 ovary, virgin 4-day female    19 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    15 central nervous system, pupae P8    13 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    17 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    15 head, mated 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day male    20 head, mated 4-day male    21 head, mated 20-day male    26 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    11 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    16 digestive system, 1-day adult    9 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    10 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    14 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    13 ovary, virgin 4-day female    19 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    15 central nervous system, pupae P8    13 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    17 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    15 head, mated 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day male    20 head, mated 4-day male    21 head, mated 20-day male    26 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    11 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    16 digestive system, 1-day adult    9 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    10 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    14 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    13 ovary, virgin 4-day female    19 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    15 central nervous system, pupae P8    13 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    17 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    15 head, mated 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day male    20 head, mated 4-day male    21 head, mated 20-day male    26 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    11 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    16 digestive system, 1-day adult    9 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    10 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    14 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    13 ovary, virgin 4-day female    19 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    15 central nervous system, pupae P8    13 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    17 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    15 head, mated 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day male    20 head, mated 4-day male    21 head, mated 20-day male  26 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    11 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    16 digestive system, 1-day adult    9 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    10 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    14 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    13 ovary, virgin 4-day female    19 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    15 central nervous system, pupae P8    13 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    17 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    15 head, mated 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day male    20 head, mated 4-day male    21 head, mated 20-day male    26 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    11 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    16 digestive system, 1-day adult    9 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    10 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    14 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    13 ovary, virgin 4-day female    19 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    14 central nervous system, larvae L3    15 central nervous system, pupae P8    13 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    17 head, virgin 20-day female    14 head, mated 1-day female    15 head, mated 4-day female    15 head, mated 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day male    20 head, mated 4-day male    21 head, mated 20-day male    26 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    3 salivary gland, white prepupae    11 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    16 digestive system, 1-day adult    9 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    10 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    15 fat body, pupae P8    13 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    13 carcass, 1-day adult    14 carcass, 4-day adult    13 carcass, 20-day adult    13 ovary, virgin 4-day female    19 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    4 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 12-24 hour embryonic stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    11 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    15 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    18 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    20 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    13 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    13 white prepupae 12hr    13 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    9 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    11 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    15 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    18 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    20 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    13 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    13 white prepupae 12hr    13 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    9 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    11 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    15 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    18 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    20 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    13 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    13 white prepupae 12hr    13 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    9 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    11 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    15 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    18 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    20 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    13 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    13 white prepupae 12hr    13 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    9 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    11 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    15 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    18 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    20 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    13 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    13 white prepupae 12hr    13 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    9 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    11 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    15 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    18 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    20 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    13 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    13 white prepupae 12hr    13 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    9 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    11 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    15 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    18 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    20 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    13 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    13 white prepupae 12hr    13 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    9 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    11 embryo 02-04hr    13 embryo 04-06hr    15 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    18 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    15 embryo 18-20hr    14 embryo 20-22hr    20 embryo 22-24hr    24 larva L1    13 larva L2    9 larva L3 12hr old    8 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    11 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    13 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    13 white prepupae 12hr    13 white prepupae 24hr    12 pupae 2d postWPP    11 pupae 3d postWPP    9 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    11 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    9 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    11 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    20 Schneider line 2 Sg4    12 embryonic 1182-4H    24 embryonic GM2    29 embryonic Kc167    27 embryonic S1    25 embryonic S3    17 leg disc CME L1    16 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    14 wing disc ML-DmD9    17 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    24 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    25 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    12 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    25 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    37 tumorous blood cells mbn2    15 ovary fGS/OSS    26 ovary OSC    22 ovary OSS    14 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    20 Schneider line 2 Sg4    12 embryonic 1182-4H    24 embryonic GM2  (29) embryonic Kc167  (27) embryonic S1    25 embryonic S3    17 leg disc CME L1    16 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    14 wing disc ML-DmD9    17 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    24 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    25 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    12 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    25 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (37) tumorous blood cells mbn2    15 ovary fGS/OSS  26 ovary OSC    22 ovary OSS    14 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    20 Schneider line 2 Sg4    12 embryonic 1182-4H    24 embryonic GM2    29 embryonic Kc167    27 embryonic S1    25 embryonic S3    17 leg disc CME L1    16 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    14 wing disc ML-DmD9    17 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    24 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    25 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    12 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    25 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    37 tumorous blood cells mbn2    15 ovary fGS/OSS    26 ovary OSC    22 ovary OSS    14 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    20 Schneider line 2 Sg4    12 embryonic 1182-4H    24 embryonic GM2    29 embryonic Kc167    27 embryonic S1    25 embryonic S3    17 leg disc CME L1    16 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    14 wing disc ML-DmD9    17 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    24 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    25 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    12 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    25 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    37 tumorous blood cells mbn2    15 ovary fGS/OSS    26 ovary OSC    22 ovary OSS    14 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    20 Schneider line 2 Sg4    12 embryonic 1182-4H    24 embryonic GM2    29 embryonic Kc167    27 embryonic S1    25 embryonic S3    17 leg disc CME L1    16 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    14 wing disc ML-DmD9    17 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    24 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    25 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    12 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    25 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    37 tumorous blood cells mbn2    15 ovary fGS/OSS    26 ovary OSC    22 ovary OSS    14 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    20 Schneider line 2 Sg4    12 embryonic 1182-4H    24 embryonic GM2  29 embryonic Kc167  27 embryonic S1    25 embryonic S3    17 leg disc CME L1    16 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    14 wing disc ML-DmD9    17 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    24 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    25 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    12 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    25 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (37) tumorous blood cells mbn2    15 ovary fGS/OSS  26 ovary OSC    22 ovary OSS    14 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    20 Schneider line 2 Sg4    12 embryonic 1182-4H    24 embryonic GM2    29 embryonic Kc167    27 embryonic S1    25 embryonic S3    17 leg disc CME L1    16 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    14 wing disc ML-DmD9    17 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    24 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    25 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    12 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    25 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    37 tumorous blood cells mbn2    15 ovary fGS/OSS    26 ovary OSC    22 ovary OSS    14 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    20 Schneider line 2 Sg4    12 embryonic 1182-4H    24 embryonic GM2    29 embryonic Kc167    27 embryonic S1    25 embryonic S3    17 leg disc CME L1    16 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    14 wing disc ML-DmD9    17 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    24 wing disc ML-DmD21    10 wing disc ML-DmD32    25 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    16 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    12 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    25 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    37 tumorous blood cells mbn2    15 ovary fGS/OSS    26 ovary OSC    22 ovary OSS    14 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    13 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    5 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    28 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    14 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    15 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    13 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    5 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (28) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    14 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    15 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  26 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    13 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    5 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    28 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    14 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    15 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    13 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    5 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    28 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    14 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    15 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    13 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    5 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    28 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    14 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    15 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    13 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    5 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  28 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    14 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    15 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  26 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    13 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    5 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    28 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    14 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    15 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    13 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    5 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    13 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    28 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    21 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    14 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    15 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    26 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    20 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_09 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_09
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0024248 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG5686-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele partially lethal - majority die chico1 partially lethal - majority die (with chico1) chicoflp147E partially lethal - majority die (with chicoflp147E) chico1 partially lethal - majority die | recessive chico1 partially lethal - majority live | recessive chico1 viable chico1 chicoflp147E viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 chicoGD1402 viable | reduced chicounspecified Sterility Allele female sterile chico1 female sterile | recessive chico1 male semi-sterile | recessive chico1 Other Phenotypes Allele decreased cell number chicoflp147E decreased cell number (with chico1) chicoflp147E decreased cell number (with chicoflp147E) chico1 decreased cell size chicoflp147E decreased cell size (with chico1) chicoflp147E decreased cell size (with chicoflp147E) chico1 developmental rate defective | recessive chico1 learning defective (with chico1) chicoflp147E learning defective (with chicoflp147E) chico1 learning defective | recessive chico1 long lived chico1 long lived | dominant chico1 long lived | dominant | female limited chico1 neuroanatomy defective chicounspecified neuroanatomy defective | adult stage chico1 radiation sensitive | recessive chicoflp147E size defective chico1 size defective | larval stage chico1 small body chico1 chicoflp147E small body (with chico1) chicoflp147E small body (with chicoflp147E) chico1 small body | adult stage chico1 small body | recessive chico1 small body | somatic clone chicoflp147E starvation stress response defective chicoKG00032 stress response defective chico1 visible chicounspecified visible (with chico1) chicoflp147E visible (with chicoflp147E) chico1 visible | recessive chico1 chicoflp147E wild-type chico+t8 chico+t10 Phenotype manifest in Allele adult (with chico1) chicoflp147E adult (with chicoflp147E) chico1 adult brain chico1 adult gut chico1 adult heart chico1 adult mushroom body chico1 egg chamber chico1 ellipsoid body chicounspecified embryonic/larval dorsal trunk chicoflp147E embryonic/larval transverse connective chicoflp147E eye chico1 chicoflp147E chicounspecified eye (with chico1) chicoflp147E eye (with chicoflp147E) chico1 eye | cell autonomous | somatic clone chico1 eye | somatic clone chicoflp147E follicle cell chico1 genital arch | male | somatic clone chico1 head capsule | somatic clone chico1 Kenyon cell chico1 larva chico1 larval salivary gland & nucleus chicounspecified male germline stem cell (with Df(2L)J1) chicounspecified maxillary palpus | male | somatic clone chico1 nurse cell chico1 ommatidium chico1 ommatidium (with chico1) chicoflp147E ommatidium (with chicoflp147E) chico1 ovary chico1 ovary (with chico1) chicoflp147E ovary (with chicoflp147E) chico1 polar primary spermatocyte (with Df(2L)J1) chicounspecified primary spermatocyte (with Df(2L)J1) chicounspecified synapse chicounspecified wing chico1 chicoflp147E wing (with chico1) chicoflp147E wing (with chicoflp147E) chico1 wing disc chicoflp147E
Classical Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of chico Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion chico1 amorphic allele - molecular evidence, loss of function allele P-element activity 1 Yes chico5-SZ-3358 1 -- chicoKG00032 P-element activity 1 -- chicoflp147E amorphic allele - molecular evidence P-element activity 0 Yes chico170B 0 Yes chico41C 0 Yes chicounspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of chico Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion chicoGD1402 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes chicoGL00525 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes chicoHMS01553 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes chicoJF02964 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes chicoKK107581 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes chico+t10 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes chico+t8 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes chicoDrkmut in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes chicodsRNA.cCa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes chicoPHmut in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes chicoPI3Kmut in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes chicoPTBmut in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes chicoScer\UAS.cNa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2L)41C (Goberdhan et al., 1999) Df(2L)BSC143 (Christensen and Cook, 2006.3.8) Df(2L)BSC144 (Christensen and Cook, 2006.3.8) Df(2L)BSC206 (Christensen and Cook, 2006.8.30) Df(2L)Exel6026 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)flp147E (Bohni et al., 1999, Goberdhan et al., 1999) Df(2L)J1 (Clegg et al., 1993) Df(2L)J2 (Clegg et al., 1993)
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)G2 (Clegg et al., 1993) Df(2L)J3 (Clegg et al., 1993) Df(2L)J16 (Clegg et al., 1993) Df(2L)J17 (Clegg et al., 1993) Df(2L)J27 (Clegg et al., 1993) Df(2L)J39 (Clegg et al., 1993) Df(2L)J77 (Clegg et al., 1993) Df(2L)J106 (Clegg et al., 1993)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD1402} NA P{KK107581} NA P{TRiP.GL00525} NA P{TRiP.HMS01553} NA P{TRiP.JF02964} NA P{UAS-chico.N} NA characterization construct P{chico.Drkmut} NA P{chico.PHmut} NA P{chico.PI3Kmut} NA P{chico.PTBmut} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions P{RS5}chico5-SZ-3358 NA P{ry11}chico1 NA P{SUPor-P}chicoKG00032 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 24 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 16 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
insulin-like growth factor receptor binding inferred from genetic interaction with InR AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity with human IRS1 AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity with human IRS2 (Bohni et al., 1999) insulin receptor binding inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P09208 (assigned by UniProtKB) (Marin-Hincapie and Garofalo, 1999)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
aging inferred from mutant phenotype (Clancy et al., 2001) cell morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Bohni et al., 1999) germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis inferred from mutant phenotype (Hsu and Drummond-Barbosa, 2009) growth of a germarium-derived egg chamber inferred from mutant phenotype (Drummond-Barbosa and Spradling, 2001) insulin receptor signaling pathway inferred from genetic interaction with InR AND inferred from genetic interaction with Pi3K92E (Bohni et al., 1999) inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P09208 (assigned by UniProtKB) (Marin-Hincapie and Garofalo, 1999) male germ-line stem cell division inferred from mutant phenotype (Ueishi et al., 2009) olfactory learning inferred from mutant phenotype (Naganos et al., 2012) positive regulation of multicellular organism growth inferred from mutant phenotype (Oldham et al., 2002, Parrish et al., 2009) primary spermatocyte growth inferred from mutant phenotype (Ueishi et al., 2009) regulation of organ growth inferred from mutant phenotype (Shingleton et al., 2005) regulation of tube length, open tracheal system inferred from mutant phenotype (Beitel and Krasnow, 2000) response to anoxia inferred from direct assay (Vigne et al., 2009) response to starvation inferred from mutant phenotype (Oldham et al., 2002) vitellogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Drummond-Barbosa and Spradling, 2001) inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Richard et al., 2005)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 13 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
insulin-like growth factor receptor binding inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P35569 (FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Boehni, 1999.5.27, Poltilove, 1998.9.14) phospholipid binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001849 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
determination of adult lifespan traceable author statement (Helfand and Rogina, 2003, Aigaki et al., 2002, Wolkow, 2002, Claeys et al., 2002, Helfand and Rogina, 2003) insulin receptor signaling pathway non-traceable author statement (Johnston and Gallant, 2002) traceable author statement (Claeys et al., 2002) metabolic process traceable author statement (Claeys et al., 2002) positive regulation of cell growth non-traceable author statement (Johnston and Gallant, 2002) positive regulation of cell size non-traceable author statement (Potter and Xu, 2001) traceable author statement (Jacinto and Hall, 2003, Weinkove and Leevers, 2000, Oldham et al., 2000, Oldham and Hafen, 2003) positive regulation of multicellular organism growth traceable author statement (Weinkove and Leevers, 2000, Oldham et al., 2000, Oldham and Hafen, 2003, Gumienny and Padgett, 2003) positive regulation of organ growth non-traceable author statement (Potter and Xu, 2001) traceable author statement (Weinkove and Leevers, 2000, Oldham and Hafen, 2003) regulation of cell size non-traceable author statement (Claeys et al., 2002) traceable author statement (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1996) regulation of multicellular organism growth traceable author statement (Claeys et al., 2002) regulation of organ growth non-traceable author statement (Claeys et al., 2002) response to starvation traceable author statement (Aigaki et al., 2002)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
chico - CG10103 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) chico - CG10732 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) chico - CG6259 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) chico - CG7668 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) chico - Flo-1 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) chico - Flo-2 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) chico - Vps4 experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) chico - dos experimental knowledge based (Guruharsha et al., 2011) chico - mib2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23, Guruharsha et al., 2011)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions chico allele Gene References chico1 foxo (Junger et al., 2003) Pten (Huang et al., 1999) chicoflp147E foxo (Junger et al., 2003) InR (Bohni et al., 1999) chicounspecified Pi3K92E (Bohni et al., 1999) unspecified InR (Leevers et al., 1998, Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1998) Pi3K92E (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1998, Coelho et al., 2005)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 72865 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0024248 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 64880 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • Q9XTN2
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (45) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG683DPX Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6G7C6C Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6ZCS2C Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6Q83F8 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6WHNGD
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG683DPX)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\chico     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD22290 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM11923 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG23965 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE26285 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF14127 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA19056     Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA28132 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL18973 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK10422 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ14922 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI10661 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH25312
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6G7C6C)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL007817   Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL007819   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ005269   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ005270
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6ZCS2C)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB49911   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG004834   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH16213   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH10053   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP20586   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO22656   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL21402   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH11633   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB27263   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV18000   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI42506   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI20918   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM441290   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM441300
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6Q83F8)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\BDNF   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW021008
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6WHNGD)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\ist-1   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000086551   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000037099   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\si:ch211-284e13.4   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\CU019646.1   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\ENSXETG00000002647   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\IRS2   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Irs2   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Irs1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Irs2   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\IRS2   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\IRS1
Human Orthologs (2)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\IRS2     Hsap\IRS1
AAA Orthologs (10) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD22290 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM11923 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG23965 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE26285 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF14127 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA28132 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL18973 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK10422 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ14922 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI10661
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 9 )
Bloomington	28329 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF02964}attP2 10738 cn1 P{ry11}chico1/CyO; ry506 36788 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.GL00525}attP40 14337 y1 w67c23; P{SUPor-P}chicoKG00032 36665 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS01553}attP2/TM3, Sb1
Kyoto	126015 w1118; P{RS5}chico5-SZ-3358
VDRC	v101329 P{KK107581}VIE-260B v7776 w1118; P{GD1402}v7776 v7777 w1118; P{GD1402}v7777
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR07H08 BACR30M19 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 50 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH02661 GH11263
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH07388 GH17407 GH20651 GH21933 GH26846 GM20134 LD16868 LD36602 RE05565 RE05832 SD07841 SD14654
Other clones	17158 61513 61605 64789 70799 CK01.1C.F8 CK01.8C.H8 CK01.24B.D4 EC053509 EC053534 EK128530 EK185033 EK185058 EK193041 EK249103 EP07502 GM13655 RP003008427 RP003033068 RP003047191 RP003080620 RP003103995 RP003206789 RP003224405 RP003269598 RP003345635 RP003356196 RP003373137 RP003465049 RP003544105 RP003556699 RP003576291 RP003615435 RP003660562 RP003674209 SD01062
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0024248 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 64880
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Kulansky Poltilove et al., 2000, Naganos et al., 2012)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
	chico means small boy in Spanish. (Bohni et al., 1999)
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: chico fs(2)4 (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1996)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: chico anon-WO0078940.1 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: chico anon-WO0078940.4 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: chico BcDNA:GH11263 (FlyBase, 1996-)
Additional comments	Source for merge of chico anon-WO0078940.4 was sequence comparison (date:051113). (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of chico BcDNA:GH11263 was sequence comparison (date:991108). (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of chico anon-WO0078940.1 was sequence comparison (date:030908). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	chico plays an important role in spermatogenesis, by stimulating germline stem cell proliferation and spermatocyte growth. (Ueishi et al., 2009) dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene, when combined with Rheb, raptor, S6k, Pk61C, or Pten dsRNA, inhibits the phosphorylation of Akt1 in S2 cells. (Yang et al., 2006) Removal of foxo accelerates the cell cycle at the expense of cell size in a chico background. (Junger et al., 2003) dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003) chico function is needed for vitellogenesis and to accelerate the rate of follicle cell proliferation within the entire lineage, in response to rich food. (Drummond-Barbosa and Spradling, 2001) Plays an essential role in the control of cell size and growth. (Bohni et al., 1999) Animals mutant for chico are less than half the size of wild-type flies owing to fewer and smaller cells. (Bohni et al., 1999) An insulin receptor substrate. (Leevers et al., 1998) Heteroallelic InR mutants and chico mutants exhibit impaired imaginal disc growth, resulting in the generation of small flies. (Leevers et al., 1998) Null alleles of chico are semi-viable, but the flies develop slower than sibling controls and have a reduced body size. chico mutant cells differentiate normally but are significantly reduced in size. (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1998) chico is required cell-autonomously in wing and eye imaginal discs. chico interacts strongly with mutations in InR and also with lines overexpressing dominant negative Pi3K92E, thus implying that chico functions in the insulin pathway for cell growth. (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1998) Designation as "flipper" was a symbol misassignment. (Berg and Spradling, 1991, de Valoir et al., 1991)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_164899 NM_001201843 NM_001273387 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_723540 NP_001188772 NP_001260316 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA536319 AAD40880 AAD43005 AAD55429 AAF52882 AAV37022 ADV37022 AF092046 AF154826 AF181643 AGB92851 AI114391 AI402254 AX059582 AX059583 AX059585 BH840389 BT016137 CAC24852 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 64880 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q9XTN2
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Pleckstrin homology domain (IPR001849) Insulin receptor substrate-1, PTB (IPR002404) Pleckstrin homology-like domain (IPR011993)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 72865 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0024248 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0024248 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0024248 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG5686-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0024248 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 64880 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /dbzhnsky/chico1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 64880 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0024248 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • Q9XTN2
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 19 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	anon-WO0078940.1   anon-WO0078940.4   BcDNA:GH11263   BcDNA.GH11263 (Rubin, 1999.8.27) CG5686 (Wirbelauer et al., 2005, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Bell et al., 2007, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009) chic   CHICO (Towers and Sattelle, 2002) chico (Edgar, 2006, Jaklevic et al., 2006, Wagaman and Rand, 2007, Libert et al., 2007, Yang et al., 2006, Flatt et al., 2005, Parisi et al., 2007, Libert, 2007, Christensen and Cook, 2006.8.30, Shingleton et al., 2005, Wittwer et al., 2005, Slack et al., 2010, LaFever et al., 2008, Paaby et al., 2008, Corl et al., 2005, Righi et al., 2010, Zhou et al., 2008, Yamamoto and Tatar, 2011, Przybylski et al., 2010, Glatter et al., 2011, Bauer et al., 2010, Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011, Slack et al., 2011, Alic et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Biteau et al., 2010, Karpac et al., 2011, Tang et al., 2011, Albrecht et al., 2011, Luo et al., 2007, Shcherbata et al., 2007, Hsu et al., 2008, Diangelo et al., 2009, Alvarez-Ponce et al., 2009, Hull-Thompson et al., 2009, Ueishi et al., 2009, Vigne et al., 2009, Nuzhdin et al., 2009, Richard et al., 2005, Tu et al., 2002, Tu and Tatar, 2003, Giannakou et al., 2007, Parrish et al., 2009, Martin-Pena et al., 2006, Werz et al., 2009, Becker et al., 2010, Tiefenböck et al., 2010, Imai et al., 2010, Paaby et al., 2010, Honegger et al., 2008, Wang et al., 2008, Naganos et al., 2012, Boyd et al., 2011, Kockel et al., 2010, Bjedov et al., 2010, Libert et al., 2008, Tokusumi et al., 2012, Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011, Alvarez-Ponce et al., 2012, Wang et al., 2012, Pritchett and McCall, 2012, Chakrabarti et al., 2012) Chico (Lasko and Sonenberg, 2007, Tountas and Fortini, 2007, Hoshizaki and Gibbs, 2007, Ahrens et al., 2007, Song et al., 2010, Pflieger et al., 2008) dIRS (Jacinto and Hall, 2003, Kulansky Poltilove et al., 2000) fs(2)4 (Riesgo-Escovar et al., 1996, Clegg et al., 1993, ) fs(2)ry4   IRS (Poltilove, 1998.9.14, Sims et al., 2009, Bjedov et al., 2010) IRS/chico (Friedman and Perrimon, 2006) unnamed (Hafen, 2000.12.28, Sluss et al., 1996)
Name Synonym	chico (Corl et al., 2005, Zhou et al., 2008, Dutta and Baehrecke, 2008, Demontis and Perrimon, 2009, Hsu and Drummond-Barbosa, 2009, Amcheslavsky et al., 2009, Wong et al., 2009, Richard et al., 2005, Tu et al., 2002, Giannakou et al., 2007, Parrish et al., 2009, Becker et al., 2010) flipper (de Valoir et al., 1991, Berg and Spradling, 1991) insulin-like receptor substrate (Boyd et al., 2011) Insulin receptor substrate (Demontis and Perrimon, 2009) insulin receptor substrate (Sims et al., 2009)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0013449 FBgn0014169 FBgn0028483 FBgn0043507 FBgn0043508
References ( 214 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 214 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 101 ) Supplementary material  ( 6 ) Review  ( 43 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 15 ) Abstract  ( 32 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 4 ) Conference report  ( 7 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Patent  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 21 )
	Adamson and Lajeunesse, 2012, ScientificWorldJournal 2012: 347597 A Study of Epstein-Barr Virus BRLF1 Activity in a Drosophila Model System. [FBrf0218446] Alvarez-Ponce et al., 2012, Mol. Biol. Evol. 29(1): 123--132 Molecular Population Genetics of the Insulin/TOR Signal Transduction Pathway: A Network-Level Analysis in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0217435] Chakrabarti et al., 2012, Cell Host Microbe 12(1): 60--70 Infection-induced host translational blockage inhibits immune responses and epithelial renewal in the Drosophila gut. [FBrf0218984] Kuo et al., 2012, PLoS Genet. 8(4): e1002684 Insulin signaling mediates sexual attractiveness in Drosophila. [FBrf0218255] Naganos et al., 2012, Neurosci. Res. 73(1): 49--55 Mutations in the Drosophila insulin receptor substrate, CHICO, impair olfactory associative learning. [FBrf0217997] Pritchett and McCall, 2012, Cell Death Differ. 19(6): 1069--1079 Role of the insulin/Tor signaling network in starvation-induced programmed cell death in Drosophila oogenesis. [FBrf0218230] Tokusumi et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(7): e41604 Gene regulatory networks controlling hematopoietic progenitor niche cell production and differentiation in the Drosophila lymph gland. [FBrf0219204] Wang et al., 2012, Nat. Commun. 3: 769 Drosophila follicle stem cells are regulated by proliferation and niche adhesion as well as mitochondria and ROS. [FBrf0217898] Albrecht et al., 2011, Cell Metab. 14(6): 819--829 In Vivo Mapping of Hydrogen Peroxide and Oxidized Glutathione Reveals Chemical and Regional Specificity of Redox Homeostasis. [FBrf0216929] Alic et al., 2011, Mol. Syst. Biol. 7: 502 Genome-wide dFOXO targets and topology of the transcriptomic response to stress and insulin signalling. [FBrf0214014] Boyd et al., 2011, Free Radical Biol. Med. 50(11): 1669--1678 Nectarine promotes longevity in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0213612] Choi et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(46): 18702--18707 Nonautonomous regulation of Drosophila midgut stem cell proliferation by the insulin-signaling pathway. [FBrf0216787] Glatter et al., 2011, Mol. Syst. Biol. 7: 547 Modularity and hormone sensitivity of the Drosophila melanogaster insulin receptor/target of rapamycin interaction proteome. [FBrf0216604] Hsu and Drummond-Barbosa, 2011, Dev. Biol. 350(2): 290--300 Insulin signals control the competence of the Drosophila female germline stem cell niche to respond to Notch ligands. [FBrf0212882] Karpac et al., 2011, Dev. Cell 20(6): 841--854 Dynamic coordination of innate immune signaling and insulin signaling regulates systemic responses to localized DNA damage. [FBrf0213873] Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011, Diabetes 60(5): 1632--1636 Drosophila insulin pathway mutants affect visual physiology and brain function besides growth, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism. [FBrf0213585] Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(11): e28067 Insulin Receptor-Mediated Signaling via Phospholipase C-γ Regulates Growth and Differentiation in Drosophila. [FBrf0216849] Slack et al., 2011, Aging Cell 10(5): 735--748 dFOXO-independent effects of reduced insulin-like signaling in Drosophila. [FBrf0215229] Tang et al., 2011, PLoS Genet. 7(11): e1002373 FOXO Regulates Organ-Specific Phenotypic Plasticity In Drosophila. [FBrf0216701] Wang et al., 2011, Cell 145(4): 596--606 A hormone-dependent module regulating energy balance. [FBrf0213699] Yamamoto and Tatar, 2011, Aging Cell 10(4): 729--732 Insulin receptor substrate chico acts with the transcription factor FOXO to extend Drosophila lifespan. [FBrf0214327] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...