FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\BomS2
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\BomS2
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Bomanin Short 2
Annotation Symbol
CG18106
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0025583
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
4 publicly available
Gene Summary
Secreted immune-induced peptide induced by Toll signaling (PubMed:25915418, PubMed:29920489, PubMed:9736738). Has a role in resistance to bacterial and fungal infections (PubMed:25915418, PubMed:29920489, PubMed:9736738). (UniProt, O77150)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

IM2, DIM2, Bom2, immune induced molecule 2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
55C4-55C4
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-85
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:18386602..18387030
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (3 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in defense response
inferred from direct assay
(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
involved_in response to bacterium
inferred from high throughput expression pattern
(Levy et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in defense response
non-traceable author statement
(Baggerman et al., 2002)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR013172
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in extracellular region
inferred from direct assay
(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in extracellular region
non-traceable author statement
(Baggerman et al., 2002)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the bomanin family. (O77150)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
BOMANINS -
Bomanins are a family of small, secreted immune-induced peptides that are induced by Toll signalling. These proteins may confer resistance to bacterial infection. (Adapted from FBrf0228271).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Secreted immune-induced peptide induced by Toll signaling (PubMed:25915418, PubMed:29920489, PubMed:9736738). Has a role in resistance to bacterial and fungal infections (PubMed:25915418, PubMed:29920489, PubMed:9736738).
(UniProt, O77150)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\BomS2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry O77150)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
BomS2-RA
FBtr0086664
NM_166277
367
45
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

0.48 (northern blot)

(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
BomS2-PA
FBpp0085845
4.7
45
8.23
O77150
NP_725776
AAF57708
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

46 (aa)

(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
Comments

Small BomS2-derived neuropeptides identified by 2D capillary LC/ESI-MS/MS: GNVVINGDCKYCVNG-amide.

(Baggerman et al., 2005)

Small BomS2-derived neuropeptides identified by LC-MS/MS: GNVVINGDCKYCVNG-amide.

(Baggerman et al., 2002)
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\BomS2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.60

Transcript Expression
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
Additional Descriptive Data

BomS2 transcripts are detected at low levels in adults and increase within 24hr after immune challenge.

(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
larval central nervous system
(Baggerman et al., 2005, Baggerman et al., 2002)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in extracellular region
inferred from direct assay
(Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\BomS2 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 1 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of BomS2
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of BomS2
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 3 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2R)BomΔ55C-2
(Lindsay et al., 2018)
Df(2R)BomΔ55C
(Clemmons et al., 2015)
Df(2R)BomΔleft
(Clemmons et al., 2015)
Inferred from location ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (0)
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:BomS2. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (5)
BomS1
2 of 13
BomS4
2 of 13
BomS3
1 of 13
BomS5
1 of 13
BomS6
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Other Interaction Browsers
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Other Interaction Browsers
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2R
    Recombination map
    2-85
    Cytogenetic map
    55C4-55C4
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    55C4-55C4
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}sbb04525&P{EP}EP1081EP1081 and P{lacW}l(2)08770k04808
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-85

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-89.6

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (4)
    Genomic Clones (11)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (123)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Identification: Encodes a protein that is induced by immune challenge.

          (Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of

          Source for merge of: IM2 CG18106

          (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.4.7)

          Source for merge of: IM2 BcDNA:RH08291

          (FlyBase, 1996-)

          Source for merge of: IM2 anon-WO0140519.2

          (FlyBase, 1996-)
          Additional comments

          Source for merge of IM2 BcDNA:RH08291 was TrEMBL update ( date:020807 ).

          (FlyBase, 1996-)

          Source for merge of IM2 anon-WO0140519.2 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

          (FlyBase, 1996-)
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: Bom2 IM2

          (Lindsay et al., 2018)

          Source for identity of: BomS2 Bom2

          (Wasserman et al., 2019.8.12)
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology

          Renamed to have a systematic 'Bom' (Bomanin) prefix for all family members while retaining the last digit of the previous 'IM' number for continuity with prior literature.

          (Lindsay et al., 2018)
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (20)
          Reported As
          Symbol Synonym
          BcDNA:RH08291
          Bom2
          (Touré et al., 2023, Lindsay et al., 2018)
          BomS2
          (Fioriti et al., 2024, Nigg et al., 2024, Bossen et al., 2023, Huang et al., 2023, Xu et al., 2023, Abe et al., 2022, Vaibhvi et al., 2022, Waring et al., 2022, Martínez et al., 2020, Lin et al., 2019, Wasserman et al., 2019.8.12)
          CG18106
          (Palu and Thummel, 2016, Mast et al., 2011, Ellis and Carney, 2009, Perkins et al., 2009, Hernandez-Romano et al., 2008, Goldman and Arbeitman, 2007, Wertheim et al., 2005, Levy et al., 2004, Roxstrom-Lindquist et al., 2004, De Gregorio et al., 2001)
          DIM 2
          (Levy et al., 2004)
          DIM-2
          (Hernandez-Romano et al., 2008)
          DIM2
          (Huang et al., 2023, Baggerman et al., 2005, Baggerman et al., 2002, Uttenweiler-Joseph, 1998.6.24, Uttenweiler-Joseph et al., 1998)
          IM2
          (Lee et al., 2023, Xu et al., 2023, Wu et al., 2022, Blatt et al., 2021, Zarubin et al., 2021, Zhou et al., 2021, Zhou et al., 2021, Benoit et al., 2020, Deng et al., 2020, Swanson et al., 2020, Belmonte et al., 2019, Troha and Buchon, 2019, Troha et al., 2019, Li et al., 2018, Wei et al., 2018, Kenmoku et al., 2017, Kučerová et al., 2016, Clemmons et al., 2015, Li and Dijkers, 2015, Paparazzo et al., 2015, Arefin et al., 2014, Salazar-Jaramillo et al., 2014, Taylor et al., 2014, Toshima et al., 2014, Short and Lazzaro, 2013, Stefanatos et al., 2013, Rynes et al., 2012, Sampson et al., 2012, Gerbasi et al., 2011, Ladoukakis et al., 2011, Mast et al., 2011, Walker et al., 2011, Kong et al., 2010, Kong et al., 2010, Valanne et al., 2010, Carpenter et al., 2009, Ellis and Carney, 2009, Obbard et al., 2009, Zsindely et al., 2009, Blanco et al., 2008, Busse et al., 2007, Reiter et al., 2007, Stahl et al., 2007, Wertheim et al., 2005)
          Im2
          (Curtis et al., 2007, Boutanaev et al., 2002)
          anon-WO0140519.2
          bomS2
          (Lee et al., 2021)
          Name Synonyms
          Bomanin 2
          Bomanin S2
          (Wasserman et al., 2019.8.12)
          Bomanin Short 2
          Immune induced molecule 2
          Immune molecule 2
          (McGraw et al., 2008)
          Immune-induced molecule 2
          (Shieh and Bonini, 2011)
          Immune-induced peptide 2 precursor
          (Hernandez-Romano et al., 2008)
          immune induced molecule 2
          (Chintapalli et al., 2012, Goldman and Arbeitman, 2007)
          immune induced peptide 2
          (Baggerman et al., 2005)
          Secondary FlyBase IDs
          • FBgn0034332
          • FBgn0044675
          • FBgn0047046
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 27 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          References (105)