FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\aft

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\aft

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

adrift

Annotation Symbol

CG5032

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0026309

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

5 publicly available

Gene Snapshot

adrift (aft) encodes a protein involved in tracheal development. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-12]

Other Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

54E9-54E9

Sequence location

2R:17,786,135..17,788,556 [+]

Recombination map

2-84

RefSeq locus

NT_033778 REGION:17786135..17788556

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (7 terms)

Molecular Function (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables mRNA (nucleoside-2'-O-)-methyltransferase activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q8IYT2

(FlyBase Curators, 2008--)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000413556

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Biological Process (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in open tracheal system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Englund et al., 1999)

inferred from expression pattern

(Ebner et al., 2002)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in 7-methylguanosine mRNA capping

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000413556

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in cap1 mRNA methylation

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000413556

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in cap2 mRNA methylation

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001441573

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Cellular Component (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Englund et al., 1999)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000413556

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

located_in nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000413556

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

traceable author statement

(Ebner et al., 2002)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

MRNA METHYLTRANSFERASES

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

MRNA METHYLTRANSFERASES -: mRNA methyltransferases catalyze the transfer of methyl group from methyl donor to a nucleoside residue in an mRNA molecule.

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Probable S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that mediates mRNA cap2 2'-O-ribose methylation to the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs. May methylate the ribose of the second nucleotide of a m(7)GpppG-capped mRNA (cap0) to produce m(7)GpppRmpNm (cap2) (By similarity). Regulates expression of tracheal genes required for pathfinding on the segmental nerve (PubMed:10068643).

(UniProt, Q9UAS6)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\aft for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

aft-RA

FBtr0089549

NM_058065

2314

700

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.3 (northern blot)

(Englund et al., 1999)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

aft-PA

FBpp0088518

80.5

700

6.54

NP_477413

AAF57788

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

700 (aa); 72 (kD observed)

(Englund et al., 1999)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Q9UAS6

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\aft using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

aft_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 11 -- 17

embryonic/larval tracheal system

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 4

organism | ubiquitous

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic stage

gonad

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

embryonic/larval ganglionic branch | restricted

(Englund et al., 1999)

primary trachea

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 15 -- 16

gonad

(Englund et al., 1999)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 9

organism | intense

Comment: 0-4 hr AEL; NOT expressed 4-8 hr AEL

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 12 -- 16

organism

Comment: 8-16 hr AEL; NOT expressed 4-8 hr AEL

(Englund et al., 1999)

Additional Descriptive Data

aft transcripts are evenly distributed at the syncytial blastoderm stage. Zygotic transcripts are first detected in mid-embryogenesis in the developing tracheal system and later in the gonad. Tracheal expression is very dynamic. aft transcripts are detected weakly in all tracheal cells at stage 11. As the primary branches bud and grow at stages 12 and 13, aft transcripts are expressed preferentially in the leading cells of the ganglionic branch and other growing primary branches. In stages 14 and 15, expression becomes restricted t just the GB1 terminal cell and other terminal cells that lead to migrations toward target tissues.

(Englund et al., 1999)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

gonad

(Englund et al., 1999)

epidermis

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic brain

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 5

organism

• nucleus

(Englund et al., 1999)

organism | ubiquitous

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 5 -- 17

gonad

• nucleus

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic/larval epidermis

• nucleus

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic/larval brain

• nucleus

(Englund et al., 1999)

western blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

organism

(Englund et al., 1999)

Additional Descriptive Data

aft protein is detected in the nuclei of all cells at the cellular blastoderm stage and in the nuclei of gonads, epidermis and the brain lobes in older embryos.

(Englund et al., 1999)

aft is localized to the nucleus at all stages assayed.

(Englund et al., 1999)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Englund et al., 1999)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{lacZ}aft^Pantip-4

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 13 -- 17

embryonic/larval tracheal system | restricted

(Samakovlis et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 12 -- 13

dorsal branch primordium

(Englund et al., 1999)

visceral branch primordium

(Englund et al., 1999)

ganglionic branch primordium

(Englund et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 14 -- 15

tracheal tip cell

(Englund et al., 1999)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\aft in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\aft

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\aft

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0026309

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG5032-RA

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG5032

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0026309

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 4 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of aft

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of aft

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )

Inferred from experimentation

Inferred from location

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

aft^GD11510

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

aft^GD11510

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

aft^GD11510

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

aft^GD11510

Other Phenotypes

Allele

wild-type

aft^hs.PE

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

embryonic/larval ganglionic branch

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\CMTR2

12 of 15

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Cmtr2

11 of 15

Yes

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)

Rnor\Cmtr2

11 of 13

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (1)

Xtro\cmtr2

7 of 12

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)

Drer\cmtr2

12 of 15

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

Cele\Y40D12A.1

8 of 15

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

No records found.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

No records found.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

No records found.

Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0919055A )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA18609

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL17223

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK22226

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ22245

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI19115

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH22026

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091506HE )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Musca domestica

House fly

Mdoa\17012541

Glossina morsitans

Tsetse fly

Gmor\GMOY007276

Lucilia cuprina

Australian sheep blowfly

Lcup\FF38_14089

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL006747

Anopheles darlingi

American malaria mosquito

Adar\ADAC003971

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP005415

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ011919

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ011921

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W06K8 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_10414

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC011004

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X05QV )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW004243

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0EIW )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Ftsjd1

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Fdxr

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100177510

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\ENSCING00000013125

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\FTSJD1

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

2 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

CMTR2; cap methyltransferase 2

12 of 15

616190

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0026309

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-84

Cytogenetic map

54E9-54E9

Sequence location

2R:17,786,135..17,788,556 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

54E9-54E9

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}sub^EP616 and P{PZ}grh⁰⁶⁸⁵⁰&P{lacW}olf186-F^k11505

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

54F-54F

(Englund, 1999.1.4)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-84

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-86.8

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (5)

Bloomington

6848

w^*; aft¹

27199

y¹ w^*; P{EP}aft^G6146

63639

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ30206}attP40

VDRC

v46174

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD11510}v46174

v46172

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD11510}v46172/TM3

Genomic Clones (17)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (20)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

SD02116

Other clones

FI21237

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0026309

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0026309

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

37034

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Englund et al., 1999)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: aft EG:52C10.7

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Source for merge of aft EG:52C10.7 was sequence comparison ( date:000202 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Other Comments

Ganglionic tracheal branches migrate normally along the intersegmental nerve in aft mutants, but sporadically fail to switch to the segmental nerve and enter the central nervous system, instead they end up meandering along the ventral epidermis.

(Englund et al., 1999)

aft is required for tracheal pathfinding into the CNS.

(Englund et al., 1999)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 31 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

37034

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information