FB2022_02, released March 29, 2022

Gene: Dmel\HisRS

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\HisRS
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Histidyl-tRNA synthetase
Annotation Symbol
CG6335
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0027087
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
14 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
Histidine--tRNA ligase (6.1.1.21)
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

Aats-his, HRS, l(1)G0358, l(1)G0165

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
17C1-17C1
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-60
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:18515428..18520445
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (7 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables ATP binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000738, InterPro:IPR015807
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
enables histidine-tRNA ligase activity
traceable author statement
(Lu et al., 2015)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000159098
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in histidyl-tRNA aminoacylation
traceable author statement
(Lu et al., 2015)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000159098
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
involved_in mitochondrial translation
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000159004
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
traceable author statement
(Lu et al., 2015)
is_active_in cytosol
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000159098
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
is_active_in mitochondrion
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000159004
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
located_in mitochondrion
traceable author statement
(Lu et al., 2015)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC)
Experimental Evidence
-
Predictions / Assertions
ATP + L-histidine + tRNA(His) = AMP + diphosphate + L-histidyl-tRNA(His) (6.1.1.21)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
DUAL-LOCALIZED AMINOACYL-TRNA SYNTHETASES -
Dual-localized aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are encoded by single genes and catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs in the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial compartments. (Adapted from FBrf0230668.)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
4
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\HisRS for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure New Section
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8IQX8)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Shares 5' UTR with downstream gene.

Gene model reviewed during 5.51

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
HisRS-RA
FBtr0074593
NM_167624
1978
522
HisRS-RC
FBtr0333804
NM_001272756
2250
554
HisRS-RD
FBtr0333805
NM_133077
2104
564
HisRS-RE
FBtr0333806
NM_001272757
2862
554
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
HisRS-PA
FBpp0074365
57.7
522
6.94
NP_728180
AAF48856
HisRS-PC
FBpp0305938
61.2
554
7.95
NP_001259685
AGB95527
HisRS-PD
FBpp0305939
62.4
564
7.54
NP_573305
AAN09471
HisRS-PE
FBpp0305940
61.2
554
7.95
NP_001259686
AGB95528
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

554 aa isoforms: HisRS-PC, HisRS-PE
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\HisRS using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
embryonic/larval muscle system
(Seshaiah and Andrew, 1999)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: PBac{768.FSVS-0}HisRSCPTI003426
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
supraesophageal ganglion

Comment: adult brain, higher in neuropil ( adult subesophageal ganglion, supraesophageal ganglion )

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
adult gnathal ganglion | restricted

Comment: part of adult subesophageal ganglion

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\HisRS in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 13 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of HisRS
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of HisRS
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (4)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\HARS
15 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\HARS2
12 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\EIF2AK1
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\EIF2AK4
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Hars
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Hars2
11 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Eif2ak1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Eif2ak4
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)
Rnor\Hars2
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Hars
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Eif2ak1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Eif2ak4
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\hars2
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\hars
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\eif2ak1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\eif2ak4
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)
Drer\hars
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
Cele\hars-1
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\gcn-2
1 of 15
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (3)
Atha\AT3G02760
6 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\HRS1
4 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\AT5G03406
1 of 9
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\HTS1
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Scer\GCN2
1 of 15
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\hrs1
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
Gcn2
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 3 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    HARS1; histidyl-tRNA synthetase 1
    15 of 15
    142810
    HARS2; histidyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial
    12 of 15
    600783
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
    Select Layout:
    Legend:
    Protein
    RNA
    Selected Interactor(s)
    Interactions Browser
    View in Interactions Browser
    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    HisRS - ATPsynβ
    experimental knowledge based
    (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
    HisRS - Mdh2
    experimental knowledge based
    (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
    HisRS - βTub85D
    experimental knowledge based
    (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    X
    Recombination map
    1-60
    Cytogenetic map
    17C1-17C1
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    17C1-17C1
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG32549EP1317 and P{EP}EP443EP443&P{EP}BxEP1383
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    17C-17C
    (determined by in situ hybridisation) 17B1--C4 (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    (Peter et al., 2002)
    17C-17C
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    (Schäfer et al., 1999.8.12)
    17B1-17C4
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    (Schäfer et al., 1999.6.15)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    1-60

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    1-59.5

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (14)
    Genomic Clones (12)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (36)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Other Information
    Relationship to Other Genes
    Source for database identify of

    Source for identity of: HisRS Aats-his

    (Lu et al., 2015)
    Source for database merge of

    Source for merge of: Aats-his CG6335

    (FlyBase, 1996-)

    Source for merge of: Aats-his l(1)G0358 l(1)G0165

    (Peter et al., 2002)
    Additional comments
    Other Comments
    Origin and Etymology
    Discoverer
    Etymology
    Identification
    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 56 )
    Sequence Crossreferences
    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    Other crossreferences
    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
    modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
    KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)
    Datasets (8)
    Study focus (0)
    Experimental Role
    Project
    Project Type
    Title
    Study result (8)
    Result
    Result Type
    Title
    scRNAseq_2020_Cattenoz_NI_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of hemocytes from non-infested third instar larvae
    scRNAseq_2020_Cattenoz_WI_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of hemocytes from wasp-infested third instar larvae
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI72LG_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 72 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI96LG_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120LG_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_WI96LG_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from wasp-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI96HL_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of circulating hemocytes from non-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120HL_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of circulating hemocytes from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying
    References (60)