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Gene Dmel\Pink1

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Pink1	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	PTEN-induced putative kinase 1	Annotation symbol	CG4523
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0029891
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	7 publicly available
Also Known As	dPINK1
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	6C6-6C6	Sequence location	X:6,577,831..6,581,047 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Pink1 (CG4523, FBgn0029891). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: negative regulation of programmed cell death; mitochondrial fission; sperm mitochondrion organization; negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process; compound eye development; response to oxidative stress; regulation of mitochondrion organization; mitochondrion organization. 25 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; cytoplasmic part; adult; organ system subdivision; organelle; external compound sense organ; multicellular structure; adult segment; intracellular organelle; spermatozoon; elongation stage spermatid. It has 8 annotated transcripts and 8 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Protein kinase, catalytic domain; Protein kinase-like domain; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderately high expression. Peak expression observed in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, adult crop, adult Malpighian tubules, adult salivary gland, adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, larval/adult central nervous system, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male reproductive system, larval carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1639403_s_at completely aligns to an exonic region common to each of the 8 FlyBase-annotated transcript isoforms of Pink1. Gene sequence location is X:6577831..6581047.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03	Controlled Vocabulary Terms positive regulation of mitochondrial fission negative regulation of mitochondrial fusion protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process mitochondrion degradation
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 6C6-6C6   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}Ctr1AEP1364&P{EP}EP1445 and P{EP}C3GEP1613
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Pink1 for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Pink1-RA FBtr0070956  NM_132112   2884   721 Pink1-RB FBtr0070957  NM_167083   2804   721 Pink1-RC FBtr0100413  NM_001031883   2890   721 Pink1-RD FBtr0100414  NM_001031882   2798   721 Pink1-RE FBtr0100415  NM_001031881   2889   721 Pink1-RF FBtr0100416  NM_001031880   2895   721 Pink1-RG FBtr0100419  NM_001031879   2946   721 Pink1-RH FBtr0100420  NM_001031878   2894   721
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Pink1-PA   FBpp0070917   80.2   721   8.18     NP_572340   AAN09178 Pink1-PB   FBpp0070918   80.2   721   8.18     NP_727110   AAF46188 Pink1-PC   FBpp0099830   80.2   721   8.18     NP_001027054   AAZ52497 Pink1-PD   FBpp0099831   80.2   721   8.18     NP_001027053   AAZ52498 Pink1-PE   FBpp0099832   80.2   721   8.18     NP_001027052   AAZ52499 Pink1-PF   FBpp0099833   80.2   721   8.18     NP_001027051   AAZ52500 Pink1-PG   FBpp0099835   80.2   721   8.18     NP_001027050   AAZ52501 Pink1-PH   FBpp0099837   80.2   721   8.18     NP_001027049   AAZ52502
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA202172   AA391906   AA392391   AA438494   AA438891   AA439257   AA440721   AA539101   AA539307   AA540524   AA803635   AA803937   AA816641   AA817318   AA948872   AA951413   AE014298 AAF46188   AE014298 AAN09178   AE014298 AAZ52497   AE014298 AAZ52498   AE014298 AAZ52499   AE014298 AAZ52500   AE014298 AAZ52501   AE014298 AAZ52502   AI062876   AI063193   AI063872   AI064659   AI107280   AI109002   AI135093   AI135155   AI238971   AI386505   AI387348   AI387506   AI388640   AI389694   AI402595   AI403922   AI455592   AI455926   AI511660   AI511987   AI512156   AI512947   AI515628   AI517409   AI517899   AI520495   AI530879   AI944507   AI945974   AW940799   AY051559 AAK92983   BF485964   BF487277   BG632334   BG633892   BG636182   BG637305   BI166228   BI212421   BI213493   BI213995   BI230810   BI240798   BI242647   BI242987   BI358072   BI364599   BI367462   BI368607   BI369678   BI371463   BI375358   BI482300   BI482838   BI604378   BI619245   BI621885   BI624391   BI627504   BI627519   BP552022   BP552023   BT133188   CO281991   CO299276   CO331366   EC053827   EC216471   EC245384   EC267161   EL873588   EL873589   GH941609   GH942074   GH942753   GH942945   GH943429   GH943901   GH944120   GH944475   GH944494   GH945052   GH945473   GH945495   GH945512   GH945974   GH946206   GH946238   GH947271   GH947874   GH947918   GH948078   GH948562   GH949068   GH949592   GH949595   GH949736   GH950037   GH950379   GH950549   GH950730   GH950851   GH950907   GH951210   GH951516   GH951782   GH952076   GH952091   GH952785   GH953193   GH953275   GH953339   GH953389   GH953857   GH953887   GH954505   GH954936   GH954937   GH955748   GH956096   GH956310   GH956405   GH956844   GH957119   GH957479   GH957721   GH957866   GH958614   GH958967   GH959600   GH959663   GH959933   GH959940   GH960077   GH960176   GH960441   GH960722   GH960818   GH961288   GH961964   GH962526   GH962642   GH963042   GH963161   GH964627   GH965282   GH965499   GH966207   GH967232   GH967773   GH967870   GH968130   GH968193   GH968498   GH968615   GH968859   GH969613   GH969733   GH969802   GH969836   GH969994   GH970616   GH971948   GH972062   GH972307   GH972337   GH972714   GH973372   GH973564   GH973954   GH975650   GH976999   GH978047   GH978107   GH978879   GH978965   GH979209   GH979957   GH979976   GH980526   GH981530   GH981540   GH982202   GH982463   GH982700   GH982728   GH984171
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q0KHV6 Q961J3
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Nebenkern inferred from direct assay (Clark et al., 2006)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: High or moderate levels of expression observed in all larval and adult organs/tissues. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, adult crop, adult Malpighian tubules, adult salivary gland, adult carcass. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, larval/adult central nervous system, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male reproductive system, larval carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    142.95 Larval Midgut    315.9 Larval Hindgut    363.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    399.7 Larval Fat Body    152.7 Larval Salivary Gland    207.2 Larval Trachea    149.575 Larval Carcass    353.45 Adult Head    469 Adult Eye    615 Adult Brain    327.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9 Adult Crop    609.9 Adult Midgut    286.1 Adult Hindgut    494.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules    515.1 Adult Fat Body    279.4 Adult Salivary Gland    574 Adult Heart    362.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7 Adult Ovary    231.5 Adult Testis    257.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    389.6 Adult Carcass    893.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    142.95 Larval Midgut    315.9 Larval Hindgut    363.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    399.7 Larval Fat Body    152.7 Larval Salivary Gland    207.2 Larval Trachea    149.575 Larval Carcass    353.45 Adult Head    469 Adult Eye  (615) Adult Brain    327.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9 Adult Crop  (609.9) Adult Midgut    286.1 Adult Hindgut    494.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules  515.1 Adult Fat Body    279.4 Adult Salivary Gland  (574) Adult Heart    362.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7 Adult Ovary    231.5 Adult Testis    257.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    389.6 Adult Carcass  (893.1) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    142.95 Larval Midgut    315.9 Larval Hindgut    363.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    399.7 Larval Fat Body    152.7 Larval Salivary Gland    207.2 Larval Trachea    149.575 Larval Carcass    353.45 Adult Head    469 Adult Eye    615 Adult Brain    327.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9 Adult Crop    609.9 Adult Midgut    286.1 Adult Hindgut    494.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules    515.1 Adult Fat Body    279.4 Adult Salivary Gland    574 Adult Heart    362.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7 Adult Ovary    231.5 Adult Testis    257.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    389.6 Adult Carcass    893.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    142.95 Larval Midgut    315.9 Larval Hindgut    363.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    399.7 Larval Fat Body    152.7 Larval Salivary Gland    207.2 Larval Trachea    149.575 Larval Carcass    353.45 Adult Head    469 Adult Eye    615 Adult Brain    327.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9 Adult Crop    609.9 Adult Midgut    286.1 Adult Hindgut    494.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules    515.1 Adult Fat Body    279.4 Adult Salivary Gland    574 Adult Heart    362.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7 Adult Ovary    231.5 Adult Testis    257.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    389.6 Adult Carcass    893.1 Expression Level Scale  Very high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    142.95 Larval Midgut    315.9 Larval Hindgut    363.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    399.7 Larval Fat Body    152.7 Larval Salivary Gland    207.2 Larval Trachea    149.575 Larval Carcass    353.45 Adult Head    469 Adult Eye    615 Adult Brain    327.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9 Adult Crop    609.9 Adult Midgut    286.1 Adult Hindgut    494.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules    515.1 Adult Fat Body    279.4 Adult Salivary Gland    574 Adult Heart    362.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7 Adult Ovary    231.5 Adult Testis    257.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    389.6 Adult Carcass    893.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    142.95 Larval Midgut    315.9 Larval Hindgut    363.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    399.7 Larval Fat Body    152.7 Larval Salivary Gland    207.2 Larval Trachea    149.575 Larval Carcass    353.45 Adult Head    469 Adult Eye  615 Adult Brain    327.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9 Adult Crop  609.9 Adult Midgut    286.1 Adult Hindgut    494.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules  515.1 Adult Fat Body    279.4 Adult Salivary Gland  574 Adult Heart    362.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7 Adult Ovary    231.5 Adult Testis    257.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    389.6 Adult Carcass  (893.1) Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    142.95 Larval Midgut    315.9 Larval Hindgut    363.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    399.7 Larval Fat Body    152.7 Larval Salivary Gland    207.2 Larval Trachea    149.575 Larval Carcass    353.45 Adult Head    469 Adult Eye    615 Adult Brain    327.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9 Adult Crop    609.9 Adult Midgut    286.1 Adult Hindgut    494.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules    515.1 Adult Fat Body    279.4 Adult Salivary Gland    574 Adult Heart    362.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7 Adult Ovary    231.5 Adult Testis    257.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    389.6 Adult Carcass    893.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    142.95 Larval Midgut    315.9 Larval Hindgut    363.2 Larval Malpighian Tubules    399.7 Larval Fat Body    152.7 Larval Salivary Gland    207.2 Larval Trachea    149.575 Larval Carcass    353.45 Adult Head    469 Adult Eye    615 Adult Brain    327.9 Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9 Adult Crop    609.9 Adult Midgut    286.1 Adult Hindgut    494.6 Adult Malpighian Tubules    515.1 Adult Fat Body    279.4 Adult Salivary Gland    574 Adult Heart    362.875 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7 Adult Ovary    231.5 Adult Testis    257.7 Adult Male Accessory Gland    389.6 Adult Carcass    893.1 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    469   NA  Eye    615   NA  Brain    327.9   142.95  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    436.9   NA  Crop    609.9   315.9  Midgut    286.1   363.2  Hindgut    494.6   399.7  Malpighian Tubules    515.1   152.7  Fat Body    279.4   207.2  Salivary Gland    574   NA  Heart    362.875   149.575  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    259.5   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    223.7   NA  Ovary    231.5   NA  Testis    257.7   NA  Male Accessory Gland    389.6   353.45  Carcass    893.1 FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    28 central nervous system, larvae L3    12 central nervous system, pupae P8    9 head, virgin 1-day female    26 head, virgin 4-day female    43 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    39 head, mated 4-day female    38 head, mated 20-day female    38 head, mated 1-day male    45 head, mated 4-day male    47 head, mated 20-day male    61 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    5 salivary gland, white prepupae    18 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    46 digestive system, 1-day adult    30 digestive system, 4-day adult    32 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    12 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    29 carcass, 1-day adult    48 carcass, 4-day adult    53 carcass, 20-day adult    58 ovary, virgin 4-day female    40 ovary, mated 4-day female    37 testis, mated 4-day male    62 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    34 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (28) central nervous system, larvae L3    12 central nervous system, pupae P8    9 head, virgin 1-day female  26 head, virgin 4-day female  (43) head, virgin 20-day female  (45) head, mated 1-day female  (39) head, mated 4-day female  (38) head, mated 20-day female  (38) head, mated 1-day male  (45) head, mated 4-day male  (47) head, mated 20-day male  (61) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    5 salivary gland, white prepupae    18 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (46) digestive system, 1-day adult  (30) digestive system, 4-day adult  (32) digestive system, 20-day adult  (35) fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    12 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (29) carcass, 1-day adult  (48) carcass, 4-day adult  (53) carcass, 20-day adult  (58) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (40) ovary, mated 4-day female  (37) testis, mated 4-day male  (62) accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (34) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    28 central nervous system, larvae L3    12 central nervous system, pupae P8    9 head, virgin 1-day female    26 head, virgin 4-day female    43 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    39 head, mated 4-day female    38 head, mated 20-day female    38 head, mated 1-day male    45 head, mated 4-day male    47 head, mated 20-day male    61 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    5 salivary gland, white prepupae    18 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    46 digestive system, 1-day adult    30 digestive system, 4-day adult    32 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    12 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    29 carcass, 1-day adult    48 carcass, 4-day adult    53 carcass, 20-day adult    58 ovary, virgin 4-day female    40 ovary, mated 4-day female    37 testis, mated 4-day male    62 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    34 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    28 central nervous system, larvae L3    12 central nervous system, pupae P8    9 head, virgin 1-day female    26 head, virgin 4-day female    43 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    39 head, mated 4-day female    38 head, mated 20-day female    38 head, mated 1-day male    45 head, mated 4-day male    47 head, mated 20-day male    61 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    5 salivary gland, white prepupae    18 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    46 digestive system, 1-day adult    30 digestive system, 4-day adult    32 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    12 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    29 carcass, 1-day adult    48 carcass, 4-day adult    53 carcass, 20-day adult    58 ovary, virgin 4-day female    40 ovary, mated 4-day female    37 testis, mated 4-day male    62 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    34 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    28 central nervous system, larvae L3    12 central nervous system, pupae P8    9 head, virgin 1-day female    26 head, virgin 4-day female    43 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    39 head, mated 4-day female    38 head, mated 20-day female    38 head, mated 1-day male    45 head, mated 4-day male    47 head, mated 20-day male    61 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    5 salivary gland, white prepupae    18 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    46 digestive system, 1-day adult    30 digestive system, 4-day adult    32 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    12 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    29 carcass, 1-day adult    48 carcass, 4-day adult    53 carcass, 20-day adult    58 ovary, virgin 4-day female    40 ovary, mated 4-day female    37 testis, mated 4-day male    62 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    34 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  28 central nervous system, larvae L3    12 central nervous system, pupae P8    9 head, virgin 1-day female  26 head, virgin 4-day female  (43) head, virgin 20-day female  (45) head, mated 1-day female  (39) head, mated 4-day female  (38) head, mated 20-day female  (38) head, mated 1-day male  (45) head, mated 4-day male  (47) head, mated 20-day male  (61) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    5 salivary gland, white prepupae    18 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (46) digestive system, 1-day adult  30 digestive system, 4-day adult  32 digestive system, 20-day adult  (35) fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    12 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  29 carcass, 1-day adult  (48) carcass, 4-day adult  (53) carcass, 20-day adult  (58) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (40) ovary, mated 4-day female  (37) testis, mated 4-day male  (62) accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (34) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    28 central nervous system, larvae L3    12 central nervous system, pupae P8    9 head, virgin 1-day female    26 head, virgin 4-day female    43 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    39 head, mated 4-day female    38 head, mated 20-day female    38 head, mated 1-day male    45 head, mated 4-day male    47 head, mated 20-day male    61 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    5 salivary gland, white prepupae    18 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    46 digestive system, 1-day adult    30 digestive system, 4-day adult    32 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    12 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    29 carcass, 1-day adult    48 carcass, 4-day adult    53 carcass, 20-day adult    58 ovary, virgin 4-day female    40 ovary, mated 4-day female    37 testis, mated 4-day male    62 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    34 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    28 central nervous system, larvae L3    12 central nervous system, pupae P8    9 head, virgin 1-day female    26 head, virgin 4-day female    43 head, virgin 20-day female    45 head, mated 1-day female    39 head, mated 4-day female    38 head, mated 20-day female    38 head, mated 1-day male    45 head, mated 4-day male    47 head, mated 20-day male    61 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    5 salivary gland, white prepupae    18 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    46 digestive system, 1-day adult    30 digestive system, 4-day adult    32 digestive system, 20-day adult    35 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    7 fat body, white prepupae    12 fat body, pupae P8    12 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    29 carcass, 1-day adult    48 carcass, 4-day adult    53 carcass, 20-day adult    58 ovary, virgin 4-day female    40 ovary, mated 4-day female    37 testis, mated 4-day male    62 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    34 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of moderately high expression. Peak expression observed in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    82 embryo 02-04hr    69 embryo 04-06hr    26 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    31 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    33 embryo 16-18hr    29 embryo 18-20hr    38 embryo 20-22hr    47 embryo 22-24hr    42 larva L1    31 larva L2    25 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    57 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    68 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    52 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    34 white prepupae 24hr    30 pupae 2d postWPP    32 pupae 3d postWPP    41 pupae 4d postWPP    74 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    168 adult male 30day    161 adult female 01day    98 adult female 05day    72 adult female 30day    72 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (82) embryo 02-04hr  (69) embryo 04-06hr  26 embryo 06-08hr  26 embryo 08-10hr  (31) embryo 10-12hr  (31) embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr  (33) embryo 16-18hr  (29) embryo 18-20hr  (38) embryo 20-22hr  (47) embryo 22-24hr  (42) larva L1  (31) larva L2    25 larva L3 12hr old  (36) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (57) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (68) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (52) white prepupae new  (37) white prepupae 12hr  (34) white prepupae 24hr  (30) pupae 2d postWPP  (32) pupae 3d postWPP  (41) pupae 4d postWPP  (74) adult male 01day  (112) adult male 05day  (168) adult male 30day  (161) adult female 01day  (98) adult female 05day  (72) adult female 30day  (72) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    82 embryo 02-04hr    69 embryo 04-06hr    26 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    31 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    33 embryo 16-18hr    29 embryo 18-20hr    38 embryo 20-22hr    47 embryo 22-24hr    42 larva L1    31 larva L2    25 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    57 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    68 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    52 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    34 white prepupae 24hr    30 pupae 2d postWPP    32 pupae 3d postWPP    41 pupae 4d postWPP    74 adult male 01day  (112) adult male 05day  (168) adult male 30day  (161) adult female 01day    98 adult female 05day    72 adult female 30day    72 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    82 embryo 02-04hr    69 embryo 04-06hr    26 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    31 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    33 embryo 16-18hr    29 embryo 18-20hr    38 embryo 20-22hr    47 embryo 22-24hr    42 larva L1    31 larva L2    25 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    57 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    68 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    52 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    34 white prepupae 24hr    30 pupae 2d postWPP    32 pupae 3d postWPP    41 pupae 4d postWPP    74 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    168 adult male 30day    161 adult female 01day    98 adult female 05day    72 adult female 30day    72 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    82 embryo 02-04hr    69 embryo 04-06hr    26 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    31 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    33 embryo 16-18hr    29 embryo 18-20hr    38 embryo 20-22hr    47 embryo 22-24hr    42 larva L1    31 larva L2    25 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    57 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    68 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    52 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    34 white prepupae 24hr    30 pupae 2d postWPP    32 pupae 3d postWPP    41 pupae 4d postWPP    74 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    168 adult male 30day    161 adult female 01day    98 adult female 05day    72 adult female 30day    72 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (82) embryo 02-04hr  (69) embryo 04-06hr  26 embryo 06-08hr  26 embryo 08-10hr  31 embryo 10-12hr  31 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr  (33) embryo 16-18hr  29 embryo 18-20hr  (38) embryo 20-22hr  (47) embryo 22-24hr  (42) larva L1  31 larva L2    25 larva L3 12hr old  (36) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (57) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (68) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (52) white prepupae new  (37) white prepupae 12hr  (34) white prepupae 24hr  30 pupae 2d postWPP  32 pupae 3d postWPP  (41) pupae 4d postWPP  (74) adult male 01day  (112) adult male 05day  (168) adult male 30day  (161) adult female 01day  (98) adult female 05day  (72) adult female 30day  (72) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    82 embryo 02-04hr    69 embryo 04-06hr    26 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    31 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    33 embryo 16-18hr    29 embryo 18-20hr    38 embryo 20-22hr    47 embryo 22-24hr    42 larva L1    31 larva L2    25 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    57 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    68 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    52 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    34 white prepupae 24hr    30 pupae 2d postWPP    32 pupae 3d postWPP    41 pupae 4d postWPP    74 adult male 01day  112 adult male 05day  (168) adult male 30day  (161) adult female 01day    98 adult female 05day    72 adult female 30day    72 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    82 embryo 02-04hr    69 embryo 04-06hr    26 embryo 06-08hr    26 embryo 08-10hr    31 embryo 10-12hr    31 embryo 12-14hr    21 embryo 14-16hr    33 embryo 16-18hr    29 embryo 18-20hr    38 embryo 20-22hr    47 embryo 22-24hr    42 larva L1    31 larva L2    25 larva L3 12hr old    36 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    57 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    68 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    52 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    34 white prepupae 24hr    30 pupae 2d postWPP    32 pupae 3d postWPP    41 pupae 4d postWPP    74 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    168 adult male 30day    161 adult female 01day    98 adult female 05day    72 adult female 30day    72 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    36 Schneider line 2 Sg4    24 embryonic 1182-4H    30 embryonic GM2    18 embryonic Kc167    18 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    21 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    19 wing disc ML-DmD9    34 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    23 wing disc ML-DmD21    40 wing disc ML-DmD32    31 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    37 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    28 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    28 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    16 ovary fGS/OSS    44 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (36) Schneider line 2 Sg4    24 embryonic 1182-4H  (30) embryonic GM2    18 embryonic Kc167    18 embryonic S1  (31) embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    21 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    19 wing disc ML-DmD9  (34) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    23 wing disc ML-DmD21  (40) wing disc ML-DmD32  (31) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (37) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (28) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (28) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    16 ovary fGS/OSS  (44) ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    36 Schneider line 2 Sg4    24 embryonic 1182-4H    30 embryonic GM2    18 embryonic Kc167    18 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    21 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    19 wing disc ML-DmD9    34 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    23 wing disc ML-DmD21    40 wing disc ML-DmD32    31 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    37 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    28 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    28 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    16 ovary fGS/OSS    44 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    36 Schneider line 2 Sg4    24 embryonic 1182-4H    30 embryonic GM2    18 embryonic Kc167    18 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    21 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    19 wing disc ML-DmD9    34 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    23 wing disc ML-DmD21    40 wing disc ML-DmD32    31 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    37 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    28 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    28 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    16 ovary fGS/OSS    44 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    4 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    36 Schneider line 2 Sg4    24 embryonic 1182-4H    30 embryonic GM2    18 embryonic Kc167    18 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    21 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    19 wing disc ML-DmD9    34 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    23 wing disc ML-DmD21    40 wing disc ML-DmD32    31 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    37 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    28 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    28 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    16 ovary fGS/OSS    44 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (36) Schneider line 2 Sg4    24 embryonic 1182-4H  30 embryonic GM2    18 embryonic Kc167    18 embryonic S1  31 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    21 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    19 wing disc ML-DmD9  (34) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    23 wing disc ML-DmD21  (40) wing disc ML-DmD32  31 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (37) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  28 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  28 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    16 ovary fGS/OSS  (44) ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    36 Schneider line 2 Sg4    24 embryonic 1182-4H    30 embryonic GM2    18 embryonic Kc167    18 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    21 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    19 wing disc ML-DmD9    34 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    23 wing disc ML-DmD21    40 wing disc ML-DmD32    31 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    37 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    28 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    28 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    16 ovary fGS/OSS    44 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    36 Schneider line 2 Sg4    24 embryonic 1182-4H    30 embryonic GM2    18 embryonic Kc167    18 embryonic S1    31 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    21 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    19 wing disc ML-DmD9    34 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    23 wing disc ML-DmD21    40 wing disc ML-DmD32    31 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    37 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    28 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    19 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    16 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    28 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    18 tumorous blood cells mbn2    16 ovary fGS/OSS    44 ovary OSC    25 ovary OSS    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    22 cold shock, 4-day adult    16 heat shock, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    25 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    17 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    45 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    20 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    57 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    18 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    31 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    61 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    70 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    22 cold shock, 4-day adult    16 heat shock, 4-day adult  (35) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    25 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    17 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (30) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (45) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    20 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (37) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (57) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (27) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    18 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  (31) Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (52) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (61) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (70) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    22 cold shock, 4-day adult    16 heat shock, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    25 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    17 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    45 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    20 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    57 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    18 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    31 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    61 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    70 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    22 cold shock, 4-day adult    16 heat shock, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    25 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    17 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    45 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    20 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    57 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    18 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    31 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    61 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    70 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    22 cold shock, 4-day adult    16 heat shock, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    25 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    17 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    45 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    20 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    57 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    18 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    31 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    61 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    70 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    22 cold shock, 4-day adult    16 heat shock, 4-day adult  (35) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    25 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    17 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  30 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (45) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    20 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (37) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (57) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    18 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3  31 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (52) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (61) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (70) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    22 cold shock, 4-day adult    16 heat shock, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    25 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    17 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    45 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    20 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    57 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    18 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    31 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    61 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    70 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    22 cold shock, 4-day adult    16 heat shock, 4-day adult    35 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    25 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    17 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    30 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    45 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    20 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    25 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    37 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    57 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    18 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    31 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    52 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    22 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    61 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    70 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    22 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_04 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_02
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • GH20931 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0029891 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4523-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | second instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa viable Pink15 Pink19 Pink1G900 Pink1unspecified viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Pink1GD11336 Sterility Allele female sterile | partially Pink1unspecified fertile Pink1G900 male sterile Pink15 Pink1B9 Pink1unspecified Other Phenotypes Allele chemical sensitive Pink15 flight defective Pink1B9 Pink1unspecified flightless Pink1B9 flightless, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS heat stress response defective Pink1B9 increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS increased cell size, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa locomotor behavior defective Pink1B9 locomotor behavior defective, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS locomotor behavior defective | adult stage Pink1B9 neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4ple.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS osmotic stress response defective Pink15 short lived Pink1B9 short lived, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS short lived, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS visible Pink15 Pink1B9 Pink1D3 visible, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa visible, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 Phenotype manifest in Allele adult thorax Pink1B9 depressor muscle, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS dopamine neuron & adult brain Pink1B9 dopamine neuron & adult brain, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PL Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa dopamine neuron & adult brain, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa dopaminergic neuron, with Scer\GAL4ple.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS dopaminergic PPL1 neuron Pink1B9 dopaminergic PPM1 neuron Pink1B9 dopaminergic PPM2 neuron Pink1B9 eye, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa eye | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 indirect flight muscle Pink1B9 Pink15 indirect flight muscle, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS indirect flight muscle, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa minor mitochondrial derivative Pink15 mitochondrial crista Pink1unspecified Pink15 mitochondrial crista, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS mitochondrial crista, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS mitochondrial crista & indirect flight muscle Pink1unspecified Pink15 mitochondrial inner membrane & indirect flight muscle Pink1B9 mitochondrial outer membrane & indirect flight muscle Pink1B9 mitochondrion Pink1B9 Pink1unspecified Pink15 mitochondrion & dopamine neuron & adult brain Pink1B9 mitochondrion & dopaminergic neuron Pink1B9 mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron Pink1B9 mitochondrion & dorso-lateral dopaminergic neuron, with Scer\GAL4ple.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS Pink1Scer\UAS.cYa mitochondrion & indirect flight muscle Pink1B9 myofibril, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS myofibril, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS myofibril & indirect flight muscle Pink1B9 Pink1unspecified Nebenkern Pink1B9 Pink1unspecified Pink15 Nebenkern derivative Pink1unspecified ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa ommatidium | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 photoreceptor & neuron, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa pigment cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa spermatid cyst Pink1unspecified spermatozoon Pink1B9 wing Pink1D3 Pink1B9 Pink1unspecified Pink15 wing, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS wing, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS
Classical Alleles ( 8 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Pink1 Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Pink1B9 loss of function allele P-element activity 1 Yes Pink1G900 P-element activity 1 Yes Pink15 P-element activity 0 Yes Pink19 P-element activity 0 Yes Pink1D3 loss of function allele P-element activity 0 Yes Pink1GE271 0 Yes Pink1RV P-element activity 0 Yes Pink1unspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 17 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Pink1 Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Pink1GD11336 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Pink1HMS01707 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Pink1HMS02204 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Pink1JF01203 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Pink1JF01672 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Pink1+tCa in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cPa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cWa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes Pink1dsRNA.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes Pink1K337R.D479A.D501A.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes Pink1KK101205 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Pink1NIG.4523R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Pink1Scer\UAS.cCa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Pink1Scer\UAS.cYa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Pink1Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Pink1T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Pink1βTub85D.PC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Partially disrupted in	Df(1)Pink19 (Clark et al., 2006)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD11336} NA P{KK101205} NA P{NIG.4523R} NA P{TRiP.HMS01707} NA P{TRiP.HMS02204} NA P{TRiP.JF01203} NA P{TRiP.JF01672} NA P{UAS-Pink1.dsRNA.Y} NA P{UAS-Pink1.HA.KD} NA P{UAS-Pink1.RNAi.P} NA P{UAS-Pink1.Y} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}Pink1G900 NA P{EP}Pink1GE271 NA miscellaneous insertions P{?EP}Pink1RV NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 18 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 14 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
protein binding inferred from physical interaction with Pgam5 (Imai et al., 2010)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
compound eye development inferred from mutant phenotype (Wang et al., 2006) mitochondrial fission inferred from genetic interaction with Drp1 (Yang et al., 2008, Poole et al., 2008) inferred from genetic interaction with Marf (Poole et al., 2008) inferred from genetic interaction with opa1-like (Yang et al., 2008, Poole et al., 2008) mitochondrion degradation inferred from mutant phenotype (Ziviani et al., 2010) mitochondrion organization inferred from direct assay (Yang et al., 2006) inferred from genetic interaction with Buffy (Park et al., 2006) inferred from mutant phenotype (Park et al., 2006, Clark et al., 2006, Deng et al., 2008, Yang et al., 2008, Poole et al., 2008) negative regulation of mitochondrial fusion inferred from mutant phenotype (Ziviani et al., 2010) negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process inferred from direct assay (Yang et al., 2006) negative regulation of programmed cell death inferred from mutant phenotype (Wang et al., 2006) positive regulation of mitochondrial fission inferred from mutant phenotype (Ziviani et al., 2010) protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process inferred from mutant phenotype (Ziviani et al., 2010) regulation of mitochondrion organization inferred from mutant phenotype (Lutz et al., 2009) response to oxidative stress inferred from mutant phenotype (Wang et al., 2006) sperm mitochondrion organization inferred from mutant phenotype (Park et al., 2006, Clark et al., 2006, Deng et al., 2008)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
Nebenkern inferred from direct assay (Clark et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) protein kinase activity non-traceable author statement (Manning, 2002.11.16) protein serine/threonine kinase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008271 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
protein phosphorylation inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR008271 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Pink1 allele Gene References unspecified Buffy (Park et al., 2006) park (Park et al., 2006, Clark et al., 2006)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58093 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0029891 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31607 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • Q0KHV6
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (34) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6Z6373 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG65B1PQ Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG66T1WK Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6GMSC3 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6XHBS6
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6Z6373)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\Pink1     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD24757 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM12513 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG19606 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE16766 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF21424 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA18232 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL13349 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK17835 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ16989 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\Tes31 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH24718 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG65B1PQ)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL011594   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP004315   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ009758
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG66T1WK)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\LOC550929   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG015028   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH12847   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP22004   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO14694   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL21289   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH23240   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB16312   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB10237   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV19167   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV19165   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI009661   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM577390   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC013202
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6GMSC3)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW002313
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6XHBS6)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\pink1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\PINK1   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Pink1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\PINK1
Human Orthologs (1)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\PINK1
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD24757 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM12513 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG19606 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE16766 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF21424 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA18232 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL13349 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK17835 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ16989 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\Tes31 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH24718
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 7 )
Bloomington	26611 w* P{EP}Pink1G900 31170 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF01672}attP2 31262 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF01203}attP2 34749 w* Pink1B9/FM7i, P{ActGFP}JMR3 41671 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS02204}attP2 38262 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS01707}attP40
VDRC	v21860 w1118; P{GD11336}v21860/CyO
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR11K20 BACR48O24 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 198 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH20931
Other clones	FI19430
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT20070 AT22027 AT29854 GH02231 GH02724 GH02879 GH03977 GH07488 GH12725 GH12801 GH15129 GH16602 GH17854 GH18052 GH19602 GH21843 GH23468 GH28341 GM12312 GM13732 LD02288 LD02995 LD10352 LD11244 LD12403 LD13272 LD13769 LD15589 LD18815 LD18995 LD20235 LD22558 LD27545 LD31861 LD35113 LD35661 LD40673 LD43037 LD43137 LD43578 LD43894 LD45103 LD47527 RE06270 RE15254 RE17514 RE18906 RE19670 RE37726 RE40044 RE40503 RE44742 RE49756 RE53233 RE54609 RE55941 RE58352 RE63143 RE64975 RE65610 RH50238 RH53429 RH63943 RH68840 RH68860 RH69710 SD01636 SD13783 SD15232
Other clones	43941 272843 572899 bs03c12 bs19a04 EC053827 EK159260 EK174961 EK299412 FGM216B10 GH06623 IP13660 RP004017709 RP004028729 RP004048467 RP004052363 RP004057913 RP004065450 RP004070389 RP004079874 RP004082237 RP004085108 RP004092002 RP004106085 RP004106121 RP004113167 RP004122611 RP004123173 RP004130621 RP004131297 RP004132250 RP004133460 RP004139838 RP004148752 RP004148892 RP004153666 RP004163900 RP004165323 RP004166236 RP004167594 RP004168533 RP004174697 RP004175866 RP004177544 RP004183588 RP004183721 RP004183796 RP004189915 RP004197199 RP004201010 RP004201814 RP004203949 RP004204075 RP004210636 RP004217818 RP004218104 RP004220838 RP004221548 RP004223573 RP004224494 RP004224738 RP004229714 RP004230350 RP004230389 RP004230565 RP004230994 RP004235044 RP004240330 RP004240470 RP004240984 RP004244922 RP004245671 RP004245676 RP004246157 RP004250359 RP004252571 RP004254318 RP004256679 RP004256829 RP004258438 RP004259672 RP004263812 RP004264721 RP004264918 RP004304956 RP004338238 RP004372800 RP004379486 RP004382743 RP004393202 RP004399013 RP004399480 RP004403404 RP004405168 RP004424895 RP004432595 RP004435851 RP004436476 RP004437437 RP004438556 RP004449441 RP004451836 RP004454085 RP004458621 RP004459304 RP004461673 RP004463460 RP004470030 RP004482976 RP004491732 RP004493977 RP004501857 RP004516888 RP004518971 RP004522326 RP004522779 RP004529202 RP004536319 RP004541687 RP004543737 RP004544984 RP004548310 RP004549611 RP004551339 RP004551800 RP004553878 RP004555469
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0029891 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31607
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Yang et al., 2006)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: Pink1 CG4523 (Clark, 2006.2.28)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: CG4523 BEST:GH23468 (Rana, 2004.7.8)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Mutants are viable but sterile. Mutant spermatids form abnormal Nebenkerns and mitochondrial derivatives and subsequently fail to individualize the 64-cell cyst into discrete sperm. Mutants show increased sensitivity to paraquat and hyperoxia and have heldup wings due to degeneration of indirect flight muscle. (Clark et al., 2006) Pink1 is required for normal mitochondrial function. (Clark et al., 2006) Mutants show a number of degenerative phenotypes which are due to mitochondrial dysfunction. (Park et al., 2006) Pink1 plays an important role in regulating energy metabolism and exerts an impact on lifespan. (Yang et al., 2006) Pink1 plays a critical role in promoting dopaminergic neuronal function and survival. (Yang et al., 2006) Pink1 mutants exhibit age-dependent muscle degeneration characterised by extensive DNA fragmentation, probably indicative of cell death. (Yang et al., 2006) Pink1 is required for maintaining proper mitochondria morphology and the integrity of suets of muscle cells and dopaminergic neurons. (Yang et al., 2006) dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_132112 NM_167083 NM_001031878 NM_001031879 NM_001031880 NM_001031881 NM_001031882 NM_001031883 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_572340 NP_727110 NP_001027049 NP_001027050 NP_001027051 NP_001027052 NP_001027053 NP_001027054 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF46188 AAF46188.1 AAK92983 AAN09178 AAN09178.1 AAZ52497 AAZ52498 AAZ52499 AAZ52500 AAZ52501 AAZ52502 AI389694 AI403922 AI944507 AI945974 AW940799 AY051559 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31607 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q0KHV6 Q961J3
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • GH20931
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58093 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0029891 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0029891 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0029891 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG4523-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0029891 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31607 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31607 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0029891 SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores. • Q0KHV6
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	BEST:GH23468   CG4523 (Bier, 2005, Morrison et al., 2000, Manning, 2002.11.16, Anholt and Mackay, 2001, Rana, 2004.7.8, Giot et al., 2003, Park et al., 2006, Altenhein et al., 2006, Clark et al., 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Ni et al., 2008, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ferjoux et al., 2007, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) dPINK1 (Clark et al., 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Bier, 2006, Ishida et al., 2012, Imai et al., 2010) dPink1 (Yang et al., 2008, Yang et al., 2008) PINK (Venderova et al., 2009) Pink1 (Budde, 2006, Pezzulo et al., 2012, Yang et al., 2008, Fernandes and Rao, 2011, Liu et al., 2011, Costa et al., 2013, Immonen and Ritchie, 2012, Tain et al., 2009, Yang et al., 2006, Todd and Staveley, 2008, Kim et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Todd and Staveley, 2012) PINK1 (Pallanck and Greenamyre, 2006, Park et al., 2006, Todd and Staveley, 2007, Biskup, 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Tain et al., 2007, Lin and Beal, 2006, Tountas and Fortini, 2007, Maricich and Zoghbi, 2006, Kim et al., 2008, Bier, 2006, Poole et al., 2008, Venderova et al., 2009, Ishida et al., 2012, Park et al., 2009, Tain et al., 2009, Lutz et al., 2009, Poole et al., 2010, Ziviani et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2007, Park et al., 2006) pink1 (Guo et al., 2007, Clark et al., 2006, Schmidt et al., 2012, Korey, 2007, Vilain et al., 2012, Hao et al., 2010, Rival et al., 2011, Rival et al., 2011, Truscott et al., 2011, Whitworth et al., 2008, Dodson et al., 2008, Morais et al., 2009, Yun et al., 2008, Deng et al., 2008, Lorbeck et al., 2010, Whitworth et al., 2008, Vos et al., 2012, Pimenta de Castro et al., 2012)
Name Synonym	Pink1 (Clark, 2006.2.28) PTEN-Induced Kinase 1 (Bier, 2006) PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (Park et al., 2006, Kim et al., 2008) PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (Todd and Staveley, 2007)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0046284
References ( 88 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 88 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 49 ) Supplementary material  ( 8 ) Review  ( 7 ) Erratum  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 10 ) Abstract  ( 6 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 1 ) Conference report  ( 2 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 )
Recent research papers ( 22 )
	Costa et al., 2013, Cell Death Dis. 4: e467 Drosophila Trap1 protects against mitochondrial dysfunction in a PINK1/parkin model of Parkinson's disease. [FBrf0220561] Song et al., 2013, J. Biol. Chem. 288(8): 5660--5672 Characterization of PINK1 (PTEN-induced Putative Kinase 1) Mutations Associated with Parkinson Disease in Mammalian Cells and Drosophila. [FBrf0220855] Wu et al., 2013, Genes Dev. 27(2): 157--162 Tricornered/NDR kinase signaling mediates PINK1-directed mitochondrial quality control and tissue maintenance. [FBrf0220987] Burman et al., 2012, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109(26): 10438--10443 Analysis of neural subtypes reveals selective mitochondrial dysfunction in dopaminergic neurons from parkin mutants. [FBrf0218718] Choo et al., 2012, Hum. Mol. Genet. 21(11): 2514--2523 Regulation of parkin and PINK1 by neddylation. [FBrf0218287] Immonen and Ritchie, 2012, Proc. Biol. Sci. 279(1732): 1359--1365 The genomic response to courtship song stimulation in female Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0217554] Ishida et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(2): e30265 Prevention of Apoptosis by Mitochondrial Phosphatase PGAM5 in the Mushroom Body Is Crucial for Heat Shock Resistance in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0217492] Kim et al., 2012, J. Biol. Chem. 287(9): 6628--6641 Glutathione s-transferase omega 1 activity is sufficient to suppress neurodegeneration in a Drosophila model of Parkinson disease. [FBrf0217543] Koh et al., 2012, J. Biol. Chem. 287(16): 12750--12758 Silent Information Regulator 2 (Sir2) and Forkhead Box O (FOXO) Complement Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Dopaminergic Neuron Loss in Drosophila PTEN-induced Kinase 1 (PINK1) Null Mutant. [FBrf0218041] Liu et al., 2012, PLoS Genet. 8(3): e1002537 Parkinson's Disease-Associated Kinase PINK1 Regulates Miro Protein Level and Axonal Transport of Mitochondria. [FBrf0217671] Pezzulo et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(8): e43777 Expression of Human Paraoxonase 1 Decreases Superoxide Levels and Alters Bacterial Colonization in the Gut of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0219363] Pimenta de Castro et al., 2012, Cell Death Differ. 19(8): 1308--1316 Genetic analysis of mitochondrial protein misfolding in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0218837] Schmidt et al., 2012, J. Neurosci. 32(22): 7466--7476 Kinesin heavy chain function in Drosophila glial cells controls neuronal activity. [FBrf0218491] Shaukat et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(10): e47447 A screen for selective killing of cells with chromosomal instability induced by a spindle checkpoint defect. [FBrf0219770] Todd and Staveley, 2012, Genet. Mol. Res. 11(2): 1497--1502 Expression of Pink1 with α-synuclein in the dopaminergic neurons of Drosophila leads to increases in both lifespan and healthspan. [FBrf0218510] Vilain et al., 2012, PLoS Genet. 8(1): e1002456 The Yeast Complex I Equivalent NADH Dehydrogenase Rescues pink1 Mutants. [FBrf0217195] Vos et al., 2012, Science 336(6086): 1306--1310 Vitamin K2 is a mitochondrial electron carrier that rescues pink1 deficiency. [FBrf0218543] Fernandes and Rao, 2011, Mol. Brain 4(1): 17 Genome-wide screen for modifiers of Parkinson's disease genes in Drosophila. [FBrf0213658] Liu et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(31): 12920--12924 Pink1 regulates the oxidative phosphorylation machinery via mitochondrial fission. [FBrf0214637] Rival et al., 2011, EMBO Rep. 12(3): 223--230 Inner-membrane proteins PMI/TMEM11 regulate mitochondrial morphogenesis independently of the DRP1/MFN fission/fusion pathways. [FBrf0213174] Truscott et al., 2011, Genes Dev. 25(17): 1820--1834 mir-11 limits the proapoptotic function of its host gene, dE2f1. [FBrf0215211] Wang et al., 2011, Cell 147(4): 893--906 PINK1 and Parkin target Miro for phosphorylation and degradation to arrest mitochondrial motility. [FBrf0217242] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...