FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\obst-A

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\obst-A

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

obstructor-A

Annotation Symbol

CG17052

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0031097

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

5 publicly available

Gene Summary

obstructor-A (obst-A) encodes a protein that forms a core complex with chitin and the chitin modifying proteins encoded by serp and knk. This complex is required for assembly, maturation and preservation of the chitinous cuticles at the end of embryogenesis and probably throughout larval development. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

ObstA

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

19C1-19C1

Sequence location

X:20,239,855..20,243,209 [+]

Recombination map

1-64

RefSeq locus

NC_004354 REGION:20239855..20243209

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables chitin binding

inferred from direct assay

(Petkau et al., 2012)

enables structural constituent of chitin-based cuticle

inferred from direct assay

(Pesch et al., 2015, Petkau et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables chitin binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002557, InterPro:IPR036508

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in chitin-based cuticle development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Tiklová et al., 2013, Petkau et al., 2012)

involved_in larval chitin-based cuticle development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Pesch et al., 2015)

involved_in negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Petkau et al., 2012)

involved_in regulation of tube size, open tracheal system

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Tiklová et al., 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Cellular Component (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in chitin-based extracellular matrix

inferred from direct assay

(Pesch et al., 2015, Tiklová et al., 2013, Petkau et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in extracellular region

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002557

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

OBSTRUCTOR FAMILY

CHITIN BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEINS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

OBSTRUCTOR FAMILY -: The Obstructor family encode secreted proteins with three chitin binding domains. Members of this family are involved in cuticle organisation. (Adapted from FBrf0190484 and FBrf0234504.)
CHITIN BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEINS -: Chitin binding domains are found in certain classes of chitin binding proteins and chitin-active enzymes. (Adapted from FBrf0108362.)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

secreted scaffold-like protein - binds chitin - recruits proteins for chitin-matrix growth - modulates localization of proteins at the ECM - controls tracheal tube diameter - affects cuticle stiffness during wound repair - promotes morphogenesis and axonal growth in the prothoracic gland

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\obst-A for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9VR79)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

obst-A-RA

FBtr0077334

NM_134534

1905

237

obst-A-RB

FBtr0306737

NM_001258849

1235

237

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

obst-A-PA

FBpp0077026

26.6

237

4.38

FBpp0297663

26.6

237

4.38

Q9VR79

NP_001245778

AFH07490

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

237 aa isoforms: obst-A-PA, obst-A-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Q9VR79

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\obst-A using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.55

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

anterior spiracle primordium

Comment: reported as anterior spiracle specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

tracheal dorsal trunk primordium

Comment: reported as dorsal trunk specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior spiracle primordium

Comment: reported as posterior spiracle specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

primary segmental tracheal branch primordium

Comment: reported as primary segmental branch specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

tracheal primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

visceral tracheal branch primordium

Comment: reported as visceral branch specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 12 -- 16

embryonic/larval tracheal section

(Chung et al., 2011)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic dorsal epidermis

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic epipharynx

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic head epidermis

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic hypopharynx

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval dorsal tracheal branch

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval posterior spiracle

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval visceral tracheal branch

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 17

embryonic/larval tracheal section

(Tiklová et al., 2013)

embryonic stage 14 -- 17

larval tracheal system

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval hindgut

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval foregut

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval proventriculus

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval posterior spiracle

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 16 -- 17

embryonic/larval epidermis

(Petkau et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

obst-A expression is observed from embryonic stage 14 on in the tracheal system, foregut (including proventriculus and posterior spiracles), and in the hindgut. Epidermal expression starts at embryonic stage 16.

(Petkau et al., 2012)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 14 -- 17

larval tracheal system

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval hindgut

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval foregut

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval proventriculus

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval posterior spiracle

(Petkau et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 16 -- 17

embryonic/larval epidermis

(Petkau et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

(Petkau et al., 2012)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in chitin-based extracellular matrix

inferred from direct assay

(Pesch et al., 2015, Tiklová et al., 2013, Petkau et al., 2012)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\obst-A in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\obst-A

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\obst-A

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0031097

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

33022/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0031097

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0031097

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0031097

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG17052

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0031097

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\obst-A

Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 11-12
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 6 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of obst-A

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of obst-A

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(1)HM44

(Petkau et al., 2012)

Inferred from location ( 11 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal

obst-A⁶⁶³

lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive

lethal - all die during larval stage

obst-A^Δ1

partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

obst-A^GD4857

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

obst-A^GD4857

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

obst-A^GD4857

Other Phenotypes

Allele

decreased body size

obst-A⁶⁶³

decreased body size | larval stage | recessive

obst-A^Δ1

some die during larval stage | recessive

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

obst-A^GD4857

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

obst-A^GD4857

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

cuticle

obst-A^unspecified

embryonic/first instar larval cuticle

embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk | embryonic stage

obst-A^Δ1

larval tracheal system

taenidial fold

obst-A^unspecified

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

obst-A^GD4857

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (1)

Hsap\ADGRE1

1 of 14

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (6)

Cele\cpg-1

3 of 14

Yes

Cele\cpg-2

3 of 14

Yes

Cele\R02F2.4

3 of 14

Yes

Cele\cbd-1

2 of 14

Cele\C39D10.7

1 of 14

Cele\cht-1

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (58)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000989

12 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000987

5 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000988

5 of 12

Yes

3 of 12

3 of 12

3 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

Yes

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:obst-A. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (64)

5 of 13

5 of 13

4 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

ckd

1 of 13

mtg

1 of 13

Mur18B

1 of 13

Mur89F

1 of 13

teq

1 of 13

thw

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

obst-A - knk

pull down, western blot

(Petkau et al., 2012)

obst-A - serp

pull down, western blot

(Petkau et al., 2012)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

obst-A

enhanceable

Gasp

(Tiklová et al., 2013)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Gasp

enhanceable

obst-A

(Tiklová et al., 2013)

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0031097

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

33022

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

1-64

Cytogenetic map

19C1-19C1

Sequence location

X:20,239,855..20,243,209 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

19C1-19C1

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}amn^EP1639&P{EP}amn^EP367 and P{EP}CG1702^EP1525

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

1-64

(FlyBase, 2016)

1-64.0

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (5)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

97568

y¹ w^* TI{CRIMIC.TG4.1}obst-A^{CR02700-TG4.1}

60039

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMC05032}attP40

17052R-1

v102591

v12935

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD4857}v12935

Genomic Clones (9)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (72)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LD43683

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0031097

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0031097

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Petkau et al., 2012)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

obst-A protects chitin from chitinase-dependent degradation.

(Petkau et al., 2012)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: obst-A CG17052

(Behr and Hoch, 2005)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG17052

(Widmer et al., 2018, Çiçek et al., 2016, Petkau et al., 2012, Haussmann and Soller, 2010, Fujikawa et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Lebo et al., 2009, Perkins et al., 2009, Haussmann et al., 2008, Stahl et al., 2007, Tomancak et al., 2007, Behr and Hoch, 2005)

Obst-A

(Drees et al., 2023, Dong and Hayashi, 2015)

ObstA

(Li Zheng et al., 2020, Chandran et al., 2018)

obst

(Behr and Hoch, 2005)

Name Synonyms

CG17052

Obstructor-A

(Chandran et al., 2014)

obstructor

(Behr and Hoch, 2005)

obstructor-A

(Sharma et al., 2011, Lebo et al., 2009)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 35 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

33022

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9VR79

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9VR79

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9VR79

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0031097

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

33022/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0031097

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0031097

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0031097

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG17052

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

33022

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0031097

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0031097

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0031097

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0031097

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0031097

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG17052

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0031097

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

33022

References (57)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.55

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