FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Hrs

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Hrs

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Hepatocyte growth factor regulated tyrosine kinase substrate

Annotation Symbol

CG2903

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0031450

Gene Model Status

Stock Availability

9 publicly available

Gene Snapshot

Hepatocyte growth factor regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (Hrs) encodes a protein that, together with the product encoded by Stam, forms the ESCRT-0 complex. This complex is responsible for the initial selection of ubiquitinated proteins that are ultimately degraded in lysosomes. [Date last reviewed: 2018-10-04]

Other Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

l(2)23Ad, l(2)23AB5, vps27

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

2L:2,739,986..2,743,377 [+]

Recombination map

2-7

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:2739986..2743377

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (19 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables ubiquitin binding

inferred from direct assay

(Lloyd et al., 2002)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables metal ion binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000306

(assigned by InterPro )

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Biological Process (16 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (15 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in early endosome to late endosome transport

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Pradhan-Sundd and Verheyen, 2014)

involved_in endocytic recycling

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Pradhan-Sundd and Verheyen, 2014)

involved_in endocytosis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Rives et al., 2006)

involved_in endosomal transport

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sheng et al., 2016, Chanut-Delalande et al., 2010)

involved_in endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lloyd et al., 2002)

involved_in exosomal secretion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Corrigan et al., 2014)

involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Fan et al., 2013)

involved_in negative regulation of torso signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lloyd et al., 2002)

involved_in neuron remodeling

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Stam; FB:FBgn0027363

(Issman-Zecharya and Schuldiner, 2014)

involved_in positive regulation of border follicle cell migration

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Jekely et al., 2005)

involved_in positive regulation of Toll signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Huang et al., 2010)

involved_in positive regulation of Wnt protein secretion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Pradhan-Sundd and Verheyen, 2014)

involved_in receptor internalization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lloyd et al., 2002)

involved_in regulation of cell cycle

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Stam; FB:FBgn0027363

(Tognon et al., 2014)

involved_in regulation of epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chanut-Delalande et al., 2010)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in intracellular protein transport

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002014

(assigned by InterPro )

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Cellular Component (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in endosome

inferred from direct assay

(Huang et al., 2010)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

ESCRT-0 COMPLEX

Pathway (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Torso Signaling Pathway

Positive Regulators of Toll-NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Negative Regulators of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

Protein Family (UniProt)

-

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

ESCRT-0 COMPLEX -: The ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport) machinery is made up of five complexes, ESCRT-0 to -III and the Vps4-Vta1 ATPase complex, which are sequentially recruited to the cytosolic face of the membrane, and mediate cargo recognition, membrane budding and fission. ESCRT-0 initiates mediates multivesicular body (MVB) formation, binding ubiquitinated membrane proteins destined for degradation and concentrating them in early endosome membranes. ESCRT-0 recruits ESCRT-I. (Adapted from PMID:22361144 and FBrf0209668).

Pathway (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Torso Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Torso signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl).
Positive Regulators of Toll-NF-κB Signaling Pathway -: In Drosophila, the canonical Toll signaling pathway is initiated by the binding of a spatzle ligand to Toll (Tl) or a Toll-like receptor leading to the nuclear localization of the NF-κB (dl or Dif) transcription factor. Positive regulators of Toll-NF-κB Signaling lead to the increased nuclear accumulation of the NF-κB proteins and regulated expression of target genes. (Adapted from FBrf0091014 and FBrf0223077).
Negative Regulators of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of hedgehog signaling down-regulate the pathway, resulting in the repression of transcription of hh-responsive genes.

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Essential role in endosome membrane invagination and formation of multivesicular bodies, MVBs. Required during gastrulation and appears to regulate early embryonic signaling pathways. Inhibits tyrosine kinase receptor signaling by promoting degradation of the tyrosine-phosphorylated, active receptor, potentially by sorting activated receptors into MVBs. The MVBs are then trafficked to the lysosome where their contents are degraded.

(UniProt, Q960X8)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

endosomal sorting of ubiquitinated receptors - targeting of EGFR, PVR, Notch, Hedgehog and Dpp receptors for degradation

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

3

Number of Unique Polypeptides

2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Hrs for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

FBtr0089749

2251

647

FBtr0089750

2714

760

FBtr0089751

2665

760

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

FBpp0088690

72.4

647

6.21

FBpp0088691

85.4

760

6.97

FBpp0088692

85.4

760

6.97

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

760 aa isoforms: Hrs-PB, Hrs-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer; in vitro. Interacts with ubiquitin.

(UniProt, Q960X8)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

1DVP

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

Q960X8

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Hrs using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Hrs_1
Hrs_2

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic/larval hemocyte

(Khadilkar et al., 2014)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Hrs protein is expressed in circulating hemocytes.

(Khadilkar et al., 2014)

Marker for

(Vaccari et al., 2010)

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in endosome

inferred from direct assay

(Huang et al., 2010)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Hrs in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Hrs

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Hrs

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0031450

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0031450

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG2903-RC

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG2903

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0031450

Images

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 9 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 16 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Hrs

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Hrs

Deletions and Duplications ( 8 )

Disrupted in

(Christensen and Cook, 2006.5.16)

(DiAntonio et al., 1993)

(DiAntonio et al., 1993)

(Kahsai and Cook, 2018, Ryder, 2004.4.26)

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

(Lloyd et al., 2002, Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Not disrupted in

(Littleton and Bellen, 1994, DiAntonio et al., 1993)

(Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Df(2L)Exel6008

Hrs^D28

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

Hrs^VDRC.cUa

lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive

Hrs^D28

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage

Hrs^D28

partially lethal - majority die | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Hrs^GD9846

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Hrs^GD9846

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Hrs^GD9846

Other Phenotypes

Allele

increased cell death | somatic clone | third instar larval stage

increased cell size | somatic clone

Hrs^D28

neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4^repo.PU

Hrs^VDRC.cUa

neuroanatomy defective | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.1.9

some die during larval stage | recessive

Hrs^D28

some die during pupal stage

Hrs^D28

visible, with Scer\GAL4^ap-md544

visible, with Scer\GAL4^bbg-C96

Hrs^UAS.cLa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

Hrs^{dsRNA.UAS.cUa}

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Hrs^GD9846

visible | adult stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

Hrs^JF02860

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

border follicle cell | somatic clone

Hrs^D28

chaeta | supernumerary, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Hrs^GD9846

dendrite | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.1.9

embryonic/larval garland cell

Hrs^D28

Hrs^D28

endosome | somatic clone | third instar larval stage

Hrs^4-19-3

extracellular exosome, with Scer\GAL4^dsx.KI

eye | somatic clone

Hrs^D28

eye | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

Hrs^JF02860

eye-antennal disc | somatic clone

Hrs^D28

eye disc, with Scer\GAL4^repo.PU

Hrs^VDRC.cUa

eye disc | somatic clone

Hrs^D28

eye disc | somatic clone | third instar larval stage

eye photoreceptor cell, with Df(2L)Exel6277

Hrs^D28

glial cell, with Scer\GAL4^repo.PU

Hrs^VDRC.cUa

imaginal disc epithelial cell | somatic clone

Hrs^D28

larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.1.9

larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.1.9

Hrs^HMS00841

late endosome | somatic clone

Hrs^D28

male accessory gland secondary cell, with Scer\GAL4^dsx.KI

male accessory gland secondary cell, with Scer\GAL4^NP0261

Hrs^HMS00840

male accessory gland secondary cell, with Scer\GAL4^NP7397

Hrs^HMS00840

mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Hrs^GD9846

multivesicular body, internal vesicle, with Scer\GAL4^NP0261

Hrs^HMS00840

multivesicular body, with Scer\GAL4^NP0261

Hrs^HMS00840

nucleus, with Scer\GAL4^NP7397

Hrs^HMS00840

Hrs^D28

photoreceptor | somatic clone | third instar larval stage

Hrs^D28

photoreceptor cell | somatic clone

Hrs^D28

photoreceptor cell | somatic clone | third instar larval stage

Hrs^D28

Hrs^D28

wing, with Scer\GAL4^ap-md544

wing, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

Hrs^{dsRNA.UAS.cUa}

wing, with Scer\GAL4^cv-c-C5

Hrs^UAS.cLa

wing disc | somatic clone | third instar larval stage

wing margin, with Scer\GAL4^bbg-C96

Hrs^UAS.cLa

wing margin, with Scer\GAL4^cv-c-C5

Hrs^UAS.cLa

wing margin bristle, with Scer\GAL4^cv-c-C5

Hrs^UAS.cLa

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (7)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

14 of 15

Yes

Yes

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

No

1

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

Yes

2

1 of 15

No

No

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (7)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

14 of 15

Yes

Yes

1

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

Yes

1 of 15

No

No

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)

9 of 13

Yes

Yes

1 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)

9 of 12

Yes

Yes

1 of 12

No

No

1 of 12

No

Yes

1 of 12

No

No

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (7)

14 of 15

Yes

Yes

1 of 15

No

No

Drer\si:ch211-11n16.2

1 of 15

No

Yes

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

Yes

1 of 15

No

No

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)

13 of 15

Yes

Yes

1 of 15

No

No

1 of 15

No

No

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)

1 of 9

Yes

No

1 of 9

Yes

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)

8 of 15

Yes

Yes

2 of 15

No

No

2 of 15

No

No

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)

5 of 12

Yes

Yes

Spom\SPAC1F3.05

1 of 12

No

No

Spom\SPBC25H2.16c

1 of 12

No

No

Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0919064M )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Dsuz\DS10_00000612

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Drosophila persimilis

Drosophila willistoni

Drosophila virilis

Drosophila mojavensis

Drosophila grimshawi

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091505HQ )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Musca domestica

House fly

Glossina morsitans

Tsetse fly

Gmor\GMOY003119

Lucilia cuprina

Australian sheep blowfly

Lcup\FF38_05821

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes011130

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL005339

Anopheles darlingi

American malaria mosquito

Adar\ADAC007405

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP008887

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ001538

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W05E8 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA007035

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS203253-PA

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL022504

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2944455380

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:002b6c

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG008856

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM430260

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC001853

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC000273

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI087535

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI006279

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_03881

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X05AE )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR003447

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW002288

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM56719.1

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur09g02340

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_187221

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G06JJ )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\zf(fyve)-11

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (6)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

2 of 10

2 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

ameliorates brain cancer

modeled by Vps35^E42

(Li et al., 2018)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate

14 of 15

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Huang et al., 2010)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, western blot

(Zhang et al., 2014)

cosedimentation, western blot

(Parchure et al., 2015)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, anti tag western blot

(Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013)

cosedimentation, western blot

(Parchure et al., 2015)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Huang et al., 2010)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, western blot

(Zhou et al., 2018, Fan et al., 2013)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Seto and Bellen, 2006)

suppressible

(Seto and Bellen, 2006)

suppressible

(Pepple et al., 2007)

enhanceable

(Sheng et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Gailite et al., 2012)

suppressible

(Gailite et al., 2012)

enhanceable

(Gailite et al., 2012)

suppressible

(Seto and Bellen, 2006)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Schneider et al., 2013, Gallagher and Knoblich, 2006)

suppressible

(West et al., 2015)

enhanceable

(Sheng et al., 2016)

suppressible

(Tjota et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Uytterhoeven et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Fan et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Fan et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Li et al., 2018)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer; in vitro. Interacts with ubiquitin.

(UniProt, Q960X8 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

59683

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0031450

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

33458

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Hrs

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Hrs

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Torso Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Torso signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl).
Positive Regulators of Toll-NF-κB Signaling Pathway -: In Drosophila, the canonical Toll signaling pathway is initiated by the binding of a spatzle ligand to Toll (Tl) or a Toll-like receptor leading to the nuclear localization of the NF-κB (dl or Dif) transcription factor. Positive regulators of Toll-NF-κB Signaling lead to the increased nuclear accumulation of the NF-κB proteins and regulated expression of target genes. (Adapted from FBrf0091014 and FBrf0223077).
Negative Regulators of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of hedgehog signaling down-regulate the pathway, resulting in the repression of transcription of hh-responsive genes.

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

2L

Recombination map

2-7

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

2L:2,739,986..2,743,377 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

23A3-23A3

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}dpp¹⁰⁶³⁸ and P{EP}EP832

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

23A-23A

(Bellen, 2000.3.5, Lloyd et al., 2000)

Determined by comparing Celera genomic sequence with sequence from BDGP BAC and P1 clones.

(Lloyd et al., 2000)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-7

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-6.2

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (9)

42692

y¹ w^*; P{UAS-Hrs.L}12

28026

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF02860}attP2

42691

Hrs^D28; P{UAS-arr.flu}3/T(2;3)B3, CyO: TM6B, Tb⁺

33900

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00841}attP2

34086

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00840}attP2

41807

w^*; Hrs^D28 Stam^2L3297 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO, P{Dfd-GMR-nvYFP}2

56816

w^*; Hrs^D28 Stam^2L2896 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO, P{GAL4-twi.G}2.2, P{UAS-2xEGFP}AH2.2

54574

P{hsFLP}12, y¹ w^*; Hrs^D28 P{neoFRT}40A/In(2LR)Gla, wg^Gla-1 PPO1^Bc

v330597

P{VSH330597}attP40

Genomic Clones (12)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (79)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0031450

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0031450

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

33458

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

monoclonal

(Riedel et al., 2016)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: Hrs CG2903

(Verstreken and Bellen, 2000.9.4)

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Hrs l(2)23AB5

(Lloyd et al., 2002)

Additional comments

Other Comments

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

Hrs appears to regulate inward budding of endosome membrane and multivesicular body (MVB) formation.

(Lloyd et al., 2002)

Identification: Screen for lethals heterozygous with Df(2L)C144.

(DiAntonio et al., 1993)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 63 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

33458

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q960X8

Other crossreferences

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0031450

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0031450

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Hrs_1
Hrs_2

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG2903

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0031450

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

33458

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC015976

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG2903

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0031450

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

1DVP

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

59683

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0031450

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0031450

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0031450

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG2903-RC

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0031450

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0031450

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

33458

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Hrs

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Hrs

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (20)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG2903

(Meadows, 2018.10.31, O'Farrell et al., 2017, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Perkins et al., 2009, Gandhi et al., 2007, Dorer et al., 2006, Whitfield et al., 2002)

DmHRS

(Winter and Hauser, 2006)

HRS

(West et al., 2015, Nagaraj and Banerjee, 2009, Dorer et al., 2006, Jafar-Nejad et al., 2005, Langevin et al., 2005, Langevin et al., 2005, Lloyd et al., 2000)

HRS-2

(Littleton, 2000)

Hrs

(González-Méndez et al., 2020, Linnemannstöns et al., 2020, Patel et al., 2020, Witte et al., 2020, Meltzer et al., 2019, Mezzofanti et al., 2019, Xu et al., 2019, Jiang et al., 2018, Li et al., 2018, Zhou et al., 2018, Beer and Wehman, 2017, Malartre, 2016, Riedel et al., 2016, Aradska et al., 2015, Balakrishnan et al., 2015, Legent et al., 2015, Li and Blissard, 2015, Loncle et al., 2015, Parchure et al., 2015, Pradhan-Sundd and Verheyen, 2015, Rister et al., 2015, Zang et al., 2015, Cao et al., 2014, Corrigan et al., 2014, Dodson et al., 2014, Gradilla et al., 2014, Issman-Zecharya and Schuldiner, 2014, Khadilkar et al., 2014, Parsons et al., 2014, Politi et al., 2014, Tognon et al., 2014, Valzania et al., 2014, Wu et al., 2014, Xu et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2014, Aoyama et al., 2013, Beckett et al., 2013, Cherry et al., 2013, Fan et al., 2013, Hermle et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Mbodj et al., 2013, Muha and Müller, 2013, van den Brink et al., 2013, Yang et al., 2013, Yousefian et al., 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Dodson et al., 2012, Gault et al., 2012, Haberman et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Troost et al., 2012, Yamakawa et al., 2012, Cho et al., 2011, Daskalaki et al., 2011, Du et al., 2011, Halbsgut et al., 2011, Kulkarni et al., 2011, Lee et al., 2011, Leventis et al., 2011, Liu et al., 2011, Mukherjee et al., 2011, Otani et al., 2011, Powis and Macdougall, 2011, Rodal et al., 2011, Tjota et al., 2011, Yamada et al., 2011, Chanut-Delalande et al., 2010, Haberman et al., 2010, Ho et al., 2010, Huang et al., 2010, Kim et al., 2010, Li et al., 2010, Lone et al., 2010, Michelet et al., 2010, Mottola et al., 2010, Padash-Barmchi et al., 2010, Richardson and Pichaud, 2010, Vaccari et al., 2010, Vidal et al., 2010, Williamson et al., 2010, Windler and Bilder, 2010, Akbar et al., 2009, Coumailleau et al., 2009, Gilbert et al., 2009, Gilbert et al., 2009, Herz et al., 2009, Rodahl et al., 2009, Harris and Tepass, 2008, Juhász et al., 2008, Miura et al., 2008, Vaccari et al., 2008, Yamada et al., 2008, Bianco et al., 2007, Blankenship et al., 2007, Chanut-Delalande et al., 2007, Childress et al., 2007, Commisso and Boulianne, 2007, Rusten et al., 2007, Sasamura et al., 2007, Bokel et al., 2006, Childress et al., 2006, Childress et al., 2006, Giebel and Wodarz, 2006, Hennig et al., 2006, Rusten et al., 2006, Shimada et al., 2006, Emery et al., 2005, Jekely et al., 2005, Rodrigues et al., 2005, Wang et al., 2004)

Vps27

(Kim et al., 2010)

dHrs

(Huang et al., 2010)

hrs

(González-Méndez et al., 2020, McGough et al., 2020, O'Farrell et al., 2017, Sheng et al., 2016, Chang et al., 2013, Fan et al., 2013, Schneider et al., 2013, Gailite et al., 2012, Li et al., 2012, Kopyl et al., 2011, Uytterhoeven et al., 2011, Yuva-Aydemir et al., 2011, Chanut-Delalande et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2009, Vaccari et al., 2009, Yan et al., 2009, Belenkaya et al., 2008, Haberman et al., 2008, Strutt and Strutt, 2008, Devergne et al., 2007, Irion and St Johnston, 2007, Irion and St Johnston, 2007, Pepple et al., 2007, Gallagher and Knoblich, 2006, Giebel and Wodarz, 2006, Jaekel and Klein, 2006, Rives et al., 2006, Seto and Bellen, 2006, Lu and Bilder, 2005, Vaccari and Bilder, 2005, Bache et al., 2004, Seto and Bellen, 2004, Wang and Struhl, 2004, Jekely and Rorth, 2003, Lloyd et al., 2000)

l(2)23AB5

(DiAntonio et al., 1993)

l(2)23Ad

(Lloyd et al., 2002, Hartenstein et al., 1997, Littleton and Bellen, 1994)

l(2)23Ad(Hrs)

(Wang et al., 2004)

vps27

(Ahmad et al., 2009, Irion and St Johnston, 2007)

Name Synonyms

F1F0 ATPase

(Otani et al., 2011)

HGF-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate

(Fan et al., 2013)

Hepatocyte growth factor regulated tyrosine kinase

(Rodrigues et al., 2005)

Hepatocyte growth factor regulated tyrosine kinase substrate

(Malartre, 2016, Beckett et al., 2013, Du et al., 2011, Chang et al., 2008, Mao et al., 2000)

Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate

(Daskalaki et al., 2011, Chanut-Delalande et al., 2010, Padash-Barmchi et al., 2010)

Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine substrate

(Valzania et al., 2014)

Hepatocyte growth-factor-regulated substrate

(Childress et al., 2006)

hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate

(Liu et al., 2011, Belenkaya et al., 2008, Seto and Bellen, 2006)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0013527
FBgn0041149

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

References (224)