FB2021_01, released Feb 18, 2021

Gene: Dmel\mxt

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\mxt
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
mextli
Annotation Symbol
CG2950
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0031637
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
3 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
mextli (mxt) encodes a protein that promotes translation. It binds to the products of eIF4E1 and eIF3h. It contributes to maintenance of germline stem cells and it is also involved in early embryogenesis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Other Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
25A8-25B1
Sequence location
2L:4,841,482..4,847,295 [-]
Recombination map

2-13

RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:4841482..4847295
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (7 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E1; FB:FBgn0015218
(Hernández et al., 2013)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E4; FB:FBgn0035709
(Hernández et al., 2013)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E7; FB:FBgn0040368
(Hernández et al., 2013)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:eIF4E3; FB:FBgn0265089
(Hernández et al., 2013)
enables translation initiation factor activity
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hernández et al., 2013)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001073598
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
enables translation initiation factor activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001073598
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Biological Process (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in female germ-line stem cell population maintenance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hernández et al., 2013)
involved_in positive regulation of translation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hernández et al., 2013)
involved_in regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hernández et al., 2013)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in positive regulation of translation
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001073598
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
involved_in regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001073598
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Hernández et al., 2013)
part_of RNA cap binding complex
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hernández et al., 2013)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001073598
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
part_of RNA cap binding complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001073598
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Plays a role in promoting translation.
(UniProt, Q9VR35)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
7
Number of Unique Polypeptides
4

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\mxt for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
mxt-RA
FBtr0077409
NM_164598
2336
653
mxt-RB
FBtr0077410
NM_135022
3019
653
mxt-RC
FBtr0077411
NM_164599
2328
653
mxt-RD
FBtr0300941
NM_001169403
3034
775
mxt-RE
FBtr0332477
NM_001273124
2351
653
mxt-RF
FBtr0332478
NM_001273125
2264
629
mxt-RG
FBtr0332479
NM_001273126
2878
631
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
mxt-PA
FBpp0077100
70.1
653
6.56
NP_723015
AAF50973
mxt-PB
FBpp0077101
70.1
653
6.56
NP_608866
AAF50972
mxt-PC
FBpp0077102
70.1
653
6.56
NP_723016
AAN10338
mxt-PD
FBpp0290163
83.2
775
7.48
NP_001162874
ACZ94165
mxt-PE
FBpp0304753
70.1
653
6.56
NP_001260053
AGB92589
mxt-PF
FBpp0304754
67.3
629
6.41
NP_001260054
AGB92590
mxt-PG
FBpp0304755
67.7
631
6.41
NP_001260055
AGB92591
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

653 aa isoforms: mxt-PA, mxt-PB, mxt-PC, mxt-PE
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E1 (PubMed:23716590, PubMed:26294658). Also interacts with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex members eif3-S9/eif3b, Int6/eif3e and eIF-3p40/eif3h and with CG3225 (PubMed:23716590).

(UniProt, Q9VR35)
Domain

Binds to eIF4E1 using a novel tripartite interface in the C-terminal domain comprising a canonical helix which engages the eIF4E1 dorsal surface, a non-canonical helix which engages the eIF4E1 lateral surface and an auxiliary helix that lies anti-parallel to the canonical helix on the eIF4E1 dorsal surface. The tripartite binding mode compromises its ability to compete with eIF4G1 for binding to eIF4E1 but once bound, the complex is very stable and is resistant to competition by eIF4G1.

(UniProt, Q9VR35)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\mxt using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
oogenesis
germline stem cell
(Hernández et al., 2013)
cyst cell of ovary
(Hernández et al., 2013)
oogenesis stage S8
nurse cell
(Hernández et al., 2013)
oocyte
(Hernández et al., 2013)
follicle cell
(Hernández et al., 2013)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
(Hernández et al., 2013)
third instar larval stage
(Hernández et al., 2013)
pupal stage
(Hernández et al., 2013)
adult stage | male
adult head
(Hernández et al., 2013)
adult thorax
(Hernández et al., 2013)
adult abdomen
(Hernández et al., 2013)
adult stage | female
adult head
(Hernández et al., 2013)
adult thorax
(Hernández et al., 2013)
adult abdomen
(Hernández et al., 2013)
Additional Descriptive Data

mxt protein is expressed throughout oogenesis with particularly high levels in germline stem cells and cystoblasts. mxt protein is predominantly cytoplasmic but gradually accumulates in the perinuclear nuage. Around stage 8 it disappears from the nuage but remains in nurse cell and oocyte cytoplasm. At this time it increases in follicle cells where it persists into late oogenesis. It is present in both columnar and stretched follicle cells. mxt protein is expressed throughout development on western blots but is only weakly expressed until embryonic stage 8-12.

(Hernández et al., 2013)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Hernández et al., 2013)
part_of RNA cap binding complex
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hernández et al., 2013)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\mxt in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of mxt
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of mxt
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)Exel6010
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Inferred from location
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (0)
No records found.
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)
No records found.
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)
No records found.
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)
No records found.
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)
No records found.
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\mxt-1
9 of 15
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
No records found.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091906I8 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00000652
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD22686
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM18068
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG24348
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE14664
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF14414
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA15540
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL18748
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK24594
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ16131
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI21020
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH13665
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0915052L )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17013346
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY004803
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_03944
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes003828
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL006510
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC007688
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP009496
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ002441
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W03XE )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\Bmo.14110
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS211147-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL017202
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2793467268
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB45044
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP15125
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15212391
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH22619
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:0000b4
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG003287
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_08251
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC014442
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM462570
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC008033
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_15722
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X03UD )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR007669
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW015103
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM62850.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur01g12170
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_344245
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_203673
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G07DY )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Klhdc3
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000018903
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\KLHDC3
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)
No records found.
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Interacts with eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E1 (PubMed:23716590, PubMed:26294658). Also interacts with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex members eif3-S9/eif3b, Int6/eif3e and eIF-3p40/eif3h and with CG3225 (PubMed:23716590).
    (UniProt, Q9VR35 )
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2L
    Recombination map

    2-13

    Cytogenetic map
    25A8-25B1
    Sequence location
    2L:4,841,482..4,847,295 [-]
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    25A8-25B1
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Tps1k08903&P{EP}morgueEP1184 and P{lacW}l(2)k10004k10004&P{EP}CG3036EP963
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-13

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-15.4

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (3)
    Genomic Clones (9)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (94)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     

    polyclonal

    (Hernández et al., 2013)
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Other Information
    Relationship to Other Genes
    Source for database identify of

    Source for identity of: mxt CG2950

    (Hernández et al., 2013)
    Source for database merge of

    Source for merge of: CG2950 BcDNA:GH06479

    (FlyBase, 1996-)
    Additional comments

    Source for merge of CG2950 BcDNA:GH06479 was a shared cDNA ( date:020730 ).

    (FlyBase, 1996-)
    Other Comments
    Origin and Etymology
    Discoverer
    Etymology

    The gene is named "mextli" after the Aztec god of storms and war.

    (Hernández et al., 2013)
    Identification
    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 68 )
    Sequence Crossreferences
    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    Other crossreferences
    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
    modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DPiM - Drosophila Protein interaction map
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
    InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)
    Datasets (0)
    Study focus (0)
    Experimental Role
    Project
    Project Type
    Title
    References (30)