FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Wwox
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Wwox
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
WW domain containing oxidoreductase
Annotation Symbol
CG7221
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0031972
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
WW domain containing oxidoreductase (Wwox) encodes a protein that contributes to homeostasis by regulating the balance between oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. It modulates the cell death mediated by the product of egr, which is accompanied by an increase in levels of reactive oxygen species. [Date last reviewed: 2018-11-15] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

DmWWOX

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-29
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:7999670..8004286
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (4 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (Q9VLU5)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
WW domain containing oxidoreductase (Wwox) encodes a protein that contributes to homeostasis by regulating the balance between oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. It modulates the cell death mediated by the product of egr, which is accompanied by an increase in levels of reactive oxygen species. [Date last reviewed: 2018-11-15]
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Putative oxidoreductase. May control genotoxic stress-induced cell death. May play a role in TGFB1 signaling and TGFB1-mediated cell death. May also play a role in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated cell death. May play a role in Wnt signaling (By similarity).
(UniProt, Q9VLU5)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Wwox for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VLU5)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0079550
1502
409
FBtr0343384
1440
409
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0079172
46.5
409
7.54
FBpp0310039
46.5
409
7.54
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

409 aa isoforms: Wwox-PA, Wwox-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Wwox using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

0.38

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
organism

Comment: maternally deposited

Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Wwox in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 7 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 14 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Wwox
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Wwox
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (18)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
2  
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
1  
5 of 14
No
No
1  
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
16  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (17)
6 of 14
Yes
Yes
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (17)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (14)
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
3 of 13
No
No
3 of 13
No
No
3 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (31)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
5 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (14)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
12 of 14
No
Yes
11 of 14
No
Yes
11 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (16)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (31)
8 of 13
Yes
No
8 of 13
Yes
No
8 of 13
Yes
No
8 of 13
Yes
No
7 of 13
No
No
7 of 13
No
No
7 of 13
No
No
6 of 13
No
No
5 of 13
No
No
5 of 13
No
No
5 of 13
No
No
3 of 13
No
Yes
3 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
2 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (5)
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
3 of 13
No
Yes
3 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)
7 of 12
Yes
No
2 of 12
No
No
1 of 12
No
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (1)
1 of 11
Yes
No
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Wwox. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (31)
9 of 13
9 of 13
9 of 13
9 of 13
9 of 13
8 of 13
8 of 13
7 of 13
6 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
2 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 3 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
model of  cancer
is exacerbated by ND-23GD11167
is exacerbated by ND-42GD6220
is exacerbated by ND-75KK108222
ameliorates  carcinoma
model of  cancer
is exacerbated by COX5AGD5167
is exacerbated by COX5BGD6659
is exacerbated by ND-23GD11167
is exacerbated by ND-42GD6220
is exacerbated by ND-75KK108222
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Interaction Browsers
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
External Data
Linkouts
SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2L
Recombination map
2-29
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
28D3-28D3
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG7231EP2510 and P{lacW}l(2)k10210k10210
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (13)
Genomic Clones (6)
 

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (142)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
Other clones
RNAi and Array Information
Linkouts
DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
Antibody Information
Laboratory Generated Antibodies
 
Commercially Available Antibodies
 
Cell Line Information
Publicly Available Cell Lines
 
    Other Stable Cell Lines
     
      Other Comments

      These mutant flies are viable and fertile with no obvious phenotype however they are sensitive to ionising radiation.

      Relationship to Other Genes
      Source for database merge of

      Source for merge of: CG7221 anon- EST:Posey177

      Additional comments
      Nomenclature History
      Source for database identify of

      Source for identity of: Wwox CG7221

      Nomenclature comments
      Etymology
      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (6)
      Datasets (0)
      Study focus (0)
      Experimental Role
      Project
      Project Type
      Title
      Study result (0)
      Result
      Result Type
      Title
      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 48 )
      Sequence Crossreferences
      NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
      GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
      GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
      RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
      UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
      UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
      UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
      Other crossreferences
      AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
      BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
      DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
      EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
      FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
      FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
      KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
      MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
      Linkouts
      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
      FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
      FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
      Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
      Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
      FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
      iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
      MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
      SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
      References (60)