FB2022_03, released June 9, 2022

Gene: Dmel\Oli

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Oli
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Olig family
Annotation Symbol
CG5545
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0032651
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
10 publicly available
Gene Summary
HLH transcription factor expressed in the brain and CNS - motor neuron identify factor - regulates axon guidance (Interactive Fly, Oli )
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

Doli

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
36D1-36D1
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-53
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:17589184..17591267
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001454287
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
enables protein dimerization activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR011598
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001454287
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Biological Process (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in motor neuron axon guidance
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Oyallon et al., 2012)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in neuron differentiation
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001454287
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001454287
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
involved_in regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:cato; FB:FBgn0024249
(Peyrefitte et al., 2001)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001454287
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins that regulate transcription. They are characterized by a 60 amino acid region comprising a basic DNA binding domain followed by a HLH motif formed from two amphipathic α-helices connected by a loop. bHLH transcription factors form homo- and hetero-dimeric complexes, which bind to a E box consensus sequence. (Adapted from PMID:15186484).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

HLH transcription factor expressed in the brain and CNS - motor neuron identify factor - regulates axon guidance

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
4
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Oli for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure New Section
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VJC1)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Oli-RA
FBtr0080986
NM_078868
1806
232
Oli-RB
FBtr0303252
NM_001201901
1174
232
Oli-RC
FBtr0303253
NM_001201902
1068
232
Oli-RD
FBtr0344781
NM_001299088
1392
232
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Oli-PA
FBpp0080539
24.1
232
10.65
Q9VJC1
NP_523592
AAF53631
Oli-PB
FBpp0292344
24.1
232
10.65
Q9VJC1
NP_001188830
ADV37079
Oli-PC
FBpp0292345
24.1
232
10.65
Q9VJC1
NP_001188831
ADV37080
Oli-PD
FBpp0311110
24.1
232
10.65
Q9VJC1
NP_001286017
AHN54531
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

232 aa isoforms: Oli-PA, Oli-PB, Oli-PC, Oli-PD
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Oli using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that the Fly Cell Atlas project found the gene expressed in that cell type. Darker colors mean that more cells of that cell type express the gene:
 low
high 
Colorless tiles indicate that there is no scRNAseq data for the gene in that cell type.
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data (RNA and/or protein) has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
Colored tiles in the ribbon indicate the average RNA expression level of the gene at the indicated stages:
 low
high 
as determined by RNA-seq (RPKM) using whole organism samples modENCODE, Brown et al., 2014. For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 12
ganglion mother cell | subset of larval ventral nerve cord
(Oyallon et al., 2012)
neuron | subset of larval ventral nerve cord
(Oyallon et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 12 -- 15
larval ventral nerve cord
(Oyallon et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 15
motor neuron | subset of larval ventral nerve cord
(Oyallon et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 16
neuron | subset of larval ventral nerve cord
(Oyallon et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data

Expression of Oli protein is detected in embryonic ganglion mother cells and in postmitotic neurons, the latter marked by hb and elav. Oli protein is also observed in a subset of ventral motor neurons, including some which exit the ventral nerve cord via the ISNb (marked by Btau\MAPTisl.H.T:Hsap\MYC, Lim3T:Btau\MAPT,T:Hsap\MYC, exexGal4 or vvl), TN or SNa (marked by Scer\GAL4B-H1.B4.5) nerve branches.

(Oyallon et al., 2012)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Oli in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 4 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Oli
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Oli
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 3 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2L)Exel7069
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(2L)Exel9044
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(2L)OliΔ85
(Oyallon et al., 2012)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal (with Df(2L)Exel7069)
lethal (with Df(2L)Exel9044)
lethal (with Df(2L)H20)
partially lethal | male limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
partially lethal | male limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage
abnormal locomotor behavior | wandering third instar larval stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4sca.PU
flightless
some die during embryonic stage
visible | female limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
visible | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdominal intersegmental bidendritic neuron isbp | embryonic stage
larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage
larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155
larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4sca.PU
larval transverse nerve | embryonic stage
wing, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (16)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\BHLHE22
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\BHLHE23
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\OLIG1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\OLIG2
3 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\OLIG3
3 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\NEUROD1
2 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\NEUROD2
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\NEUROD4
2 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\NEUROD6
2 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\NEUROG1
2 of 15
No
No
2  
Hsap\NEUROG2
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\NEUROG3
2 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\ATOH1
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\ATOH7
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ATOH8
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\BHLHA15
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (17)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Bhlhe22
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Bhlhe23
10 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Olig1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Olig2
3 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Olig3
3 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Bhlha15
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Neurod1
2 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Neurod2
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Neurod4
2 of 15
No
Yes
1  
Mmus\Neurod6
2 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Neurog1
2 of 15
No
No
3  
Mmus\Neurog2
2 of 15
No
No
1  
Mmus\Neurog3
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Atoh1
1 of 15
No
No
3  
Mmus\Atoh7
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Mmus\Atoh8
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Twist1
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (16)
Rnor\Bhlhe23
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Bhlhe22
7 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Olig1
3 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Olig2
3 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Olig3
3 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Bhlha15
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Neurod1
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Neurod4
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Neurod6
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Neurog1
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Neurog2
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Neurog3
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Atoh1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Atoh7
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Atoh8
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Twist1
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (13)
Xtro\bhlhe22
5 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\olig4
4 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\olig2
3 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\olig3
3 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\neurod1
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\neurod4
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\neurod6
2 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\neurog1
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\neurog2
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\neurog3
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\atoh1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\atoh7
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\bhlha15
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (20)
Drer\bhlhe22
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\bhlhe23
12 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\si:ch211-196c10.13
5 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\olig4
4 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\olig1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\olig2
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\bhlha15
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\neurod1
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\neurod2
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\neurod4
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\neurod6a
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\neurod6b
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\neurog1
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\neurog3
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\atoh1a
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\atoh1b
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\atoh1c
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\atoh7
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\atoh8
1 of 15
No
No
Drer\olig3
1 of 15
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (7)
Cele\hlh-32
10 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\hlh-17
9 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\hlh-31
9 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\hlh-16
2 of 15
No
Yes
Cele\cnd-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\ngn-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\Y7A9D.1
1 of 15
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
No records found.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (8)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
dimm
3 of 10
net
3 of 10
tap
3 of 10
amos
2 of 10
ato
2 of 10
cato
1 of 10
sage
1 of 10
tx
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    BHLHE22; basic helix-loop-helix family member e22
    12 of 15
    613483
         
        BHLHE23; basic helix-loop-helix family member e23
        12 of 15
        609331
             
            OLIG1; oligodendrocyte transcription factor 1
            3 of 15
            606385
                OLIG2; oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2
                3 of 15
                606386
                    OLIG3; oligodendrocyte transcription factor 3
                    3 of 15
                    609323
                        Functional Complementation Data
                        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                        Interactions
                        Summary of Physical Interactions
                        esyN Network Diagram
                        Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                        Select Layout:
                        Legend:
                        Protein
                        RNA
                        Selected Interactor(s)
                        Interactions Browser
                        View in Interactions Browser
                        Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                        protein-protein
                        Physical Interaction
                        Assay
                        References
                        Oli - B-H2
                        two hybrid array
                        (Shokri et al., 2019)
                        Oli - CG31612
                        two hybrid array
                        (Shokri et al., 2019)
                        Oli - Dr
                        two hybrid array
                        (Shokri et al., 2019)
                        Oli - fd3F
                        two hybrid array
                        (Shokri et al., 2019)
                        Oli - vnd
                        anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                        (Zhang et al., 2008)
                        Summary of Genetic Interactions
                        esyN Network Diagram
                        esyN Network Key:
                        Suppression
                        Enhancement
                        View in Interactions Browser
                        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                        Starting gene(s)
                        Interaction type
                        Interacting gene(s)
                        Reference
                        Oli
                        enhanceable
                        exex
                        (Oyallon et al., 2012)
                        Starting gene(s)
                        Interaction type
                        Interacting gene(s)
                        Reference
                        exex
                        enhanceable
                        Oli
                        (Oyallon et al., 2012)
                        External Data
                        Linkouts
                        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                        Pathways
                        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                        Metabolic Pathways
                        External Data
                        Linkouts
                        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                        Chromosome (arm)
                        2L
                        Recombination map
                        2-53
                        Cytogenetic map
                        36D1-36D1
                        Sequence location
                        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                        Cytogenetic map
                        Evidence for location
                        36D1-36D1
                        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Aac11k06710 and P{EP}CG10413EP2164
                        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                        Cytogenetic map
                        Notes
                        References
                        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                        Location

                        2-53

                        (FlyBase, 2016)

                        2-52.8

                        (Comeron et al., 2012)
                        Left of (cM)
                        Right of (cM)
                        Notes
                        Stocks and Reagents
                        Stocks (10)
                        Genomic Clones (14)
                         

                        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                        cDNA Clones (5)
                         

                        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                        BDGP DGC clones
                        Other clones
                        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                        BDGP DGC clones
                        Other clones
                        RNAi and Array Information
                        Linkouts
                        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                        Antibody Information
                        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                         

                        polyclonal

                        (Oyallon et al., 2012)
                        Commercially Available Antibodies
                         
                        Other Information
                        Relationship to Other Genes
                        Source for database identify of

                        Source for identity of: Oli CG5545

                        (Moore et al., 2000)
                        Source for database merge of
                        Additional comments
                        Other Comments
                        Origin and Etymology
                        Discoverer
                        Etymology
                        Identification
                        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 45 )
                        Sequence Crossreferences
                        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                        Other crossreferences
                        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                        modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                        Linkouts
                        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)
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                        References (56)