FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Damm
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Damm
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Death associated molecule related to Mch2 caspase
Annotation Symbol
CG18188
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0033659
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
6 publicly available
Gene Summary
Death associated molecule related to Mch2 caspase (Damm) encodes one of the seven members of the caspase family of cysteine proteases. Damm overexpression induces cell death. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

Daydream, Death associated molecule related to Mch2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
48C5-48C5
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-65
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:11864112..11866383
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (6 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
inferred from direct assay
(Harvey et al., 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000047947
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Dredd; FB:FBgn0020381
(Harvey et al., 2001)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Dronc; FB:FBgn0026404
(Harvey et al., 2001)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Strica; FB:FBgn0033051
(Harvey et al., 2001)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:1503
(Harvey et al., 2001)
Biological Process (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in apoptotic process
inferred from direct assay
(Harvey et al., 2001)
involved_in programmed cell death
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:hid; FB:FBgn0003997
(Harvey et al., 2001)
involved_in proteolysis
inferred from direct assay
(Harvey et al., 2001)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in apoptotic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000047947
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000047947
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in proteolysis
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000047947
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Strica; FB:FBgn0033051
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Death associated molecule related to Mch2 caspase (Damm) encodes one of the seven members of the caspase family of cysteine proteases. Damm overexpression induces cell death. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CASPASES -
Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that are particularly well known for their role in apoptosis. Caspases are translated as inactive zymogen precursor proteins. Initiator caspases have a large prodomain, and are cleaved to yield active enzyme in response to proapoptotic stimuli. Initiator caspases cleave and active effector (or executioner) caspases which cleave the substrates leading to programmed cell death. Caspases belong to MEROPS family C14. (Adapted from FBrf0215539).
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Damm for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q7KHI6)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.42

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Antisense UTR: 3' UTR overlaps CG42531 on opposite strand.

Gene model reviewed during 6.02

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Damm-RA
FBtr0088061
NM_078979
964
255
Damm-RB
FBtr0347012
NM_001316416
2028
255
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Damm-PA
FBpp0087167
29.4
255
8.55
Q7KHI6
NP_523703
AAF58613
Damm-PB
FBpp0312445
29.4
255
8.55
Q7KHI6
NP_001303345
ALI30175
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

255 aa isoforms: Damm-PA, Damm-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Damm using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.41

Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Damm in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 2 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Damm
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Damm
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2R)ths238
(Kadam et al., 2009)
Inferred from location ( 6 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
visible
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
eye
ommatidium
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (16)
Hsap\CASP1
2 of 14
Yes
No
1  
Hsap\CASP2
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CASP3
2 of 14
Yes
No
9  
Hsap\CASP4
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CASP5
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CASP6
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CASP7
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CASP8
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CASP9
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CASP10
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CASP14
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CFLAR
2 of 14
Yes
No
Hsap\CARD16
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CARD18
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CASP12
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PEA15
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (12)
Rnor\Casp1
2 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Casp2
2 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Casp3
2 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Casp4
2 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Casp8
2 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Casp12
2 of 14
Yes
No
Rnor\Casp6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Casp7
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Casp9
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Casp14
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cflar
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pea15
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (12)
Mmus\Casp1
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp2
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp3
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp4
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp6
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp7
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp8
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp9
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp12
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Casp14
2 of 14
Yes
No
Mmus\Cflar
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pea15a
1 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (6)
Xtro\casp2
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\casp3.1
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\casp6
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\casp7
1 of 13
Yes
No
Xtro\casp8
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\oit3
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (21)
Drer\casp2
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp3a
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp3b
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp6a
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp7
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp8
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp9
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp10
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp21
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp22
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp23
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\caspa
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\caspb
2 of 14
Yes
No
Drer\casp6b.1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp6b.2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp17
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\casp20
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\caspbl
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cflara
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pea15
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch211-195h23.3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (5)
Cele\csp-2
2 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\csp-3
2 of 14
Yes
No
Cele\ced-3
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Cele\csp-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\ZK795.2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (17)
Agam\CASPS9
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\CASPS12
8 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\CASPS13
7 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\CASPS10
5 of 12
No
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012945
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPL1
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPL2
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS1
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS2
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS3
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS4
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS5
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS6
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS7
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS8
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS11
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\CASPS14
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Damm. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (6)
Strica
6 of 13
Dcp-1
2 of 13
Decay
2 of 13
Dredd
2 of 13
Drice
2 of 13
Dronc
2 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Other Interaction Browsers
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show/hide secondary interactors 
    (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
    esyN Network Key:
    Suppression
    Enhancement
    Other Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Drice|Diap1
    suppressible
    Dcp-1|Damm|Decay
    (Leulier et al., 2006)
    hid
    suppressible
    Damm
    (Harvey et al., 2001)
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2R
    Recombination map
    2-65
    Cytogenetic map
    48C5-48C5
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    48C5-48C5
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}walEP825&P{PZ}wal02516 and P{PZ}Ef1α48D01275
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    48C2-48C5
    (Harvey, 2000.3.1)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-65

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-66.0

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (6)
    Genomic Clones (14)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (3)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            Ectopic expression of Damm in cultured cells induces apoptosis.

            (Harvey et al., 2001)
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments

            Source for identity of DAMM CG18188 was sequence comparison ( date:000721 ).

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: DAMM CG18188

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Nomenclature comments

            Added 'caspase' to the gene fullname to be more informative and consistent with fullnames of other caspase-encoding genes.

            (Steller et al., 2014.7.9)
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            CG18188
            (Meadows, 2017.1.11, Walls et al., 2013, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Irving et al., 2001)
            DAMM
            (Fan et al., 2021, Fan and Bergmann, 2010, Doumanis et al., 2001, Kumar and Doumanis, 2000, Vernooy et al., 2000)
            Damm
            (Kietz and Meinander, 2023, Bordet et al., 2021, Hounsell and Fan, 2021, Zhou et al., 2021, Garrido-Maraver et al., 2020, Meltzer et al., 2019, Hemphill et al., 2018, Stephano et al., 2018, Melzer and Broemer, 2016, Arya and White, 2015, Denton and Kumar, 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Kim et al., 2014, Steller et al., 2014.7.9, Taylor et al., 2014, Denton et al., 2013, Lee et al., 2013, Short and Lazzaro, 2013, Chen et al., 2012, Felix et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Kuranaga, 2011, Amarneh et al., 2009, Kadam et al., 2009, Hou et al., 2008, Kuranaga and Miura, 2007, Leulier et al., 2006, Kornbluth and White, 2005)
            Damm/Daydream
            (Richardson and Kumar, 2002)
            Daydream
            (Irving et al., 2001, Vernooy et al., 2000)
            damm
            (Yan et al., 2022, Shinoda et al., 2019, Liang et al., 2014, Lee et al., 2013, Khammari et al., 2011, Lee et al., 2011, Denton et al., 2009, Xu et al., 2009, Primrose et al., 2007, Harvey et al., 2001)
            Name Synonyms
            Daydream
            (Lee et al., 2013)
            Death Associated Molecule related to Mch2
            Death associated molecule related to Mch2
            (Felix et al., 2012, Harvey et al., 2001)
            Death associated molecule related to Mch2 caspase
            (Steller et al., 2014.7.9)
            daydream
            (Vernooy et al., 2000, Yoo, 2000.6.21)
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
              Datasets (0)
              Study focus (0)
              Experimental Role
              Project
              Project Type
              Title
              Study result (0)
              Result
              Result Type
              Title
              External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 42 )
              Sequence Crossreferences
              NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
              GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
              GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
              RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
              UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
              UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              Other crossreferences
              AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
              DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
              EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
              FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
              FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
              InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
              KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
              MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
              Linkouts
              BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
              FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
              FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
              Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
              Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
              References (74)