FB2021_02, released April 13, 2021

Gene: Dmel\lin-28

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\lin-28
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
lin-28
Annotation Symbol
CG17334
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0035626
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
4 publicly available
Gene Summary
cold shock and RNA-binding protein - regulator of developmental timing - regulator of microRNA maturation (Interactive Fly, lin-28 )
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
64E1-64E1
Sequence location
3L:5,654,681..5,657,384 [+]
Recombination map
3-15
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:5654681..5657384
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (15 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables mRNA 3'-UTR binding
inferred from direct assay
(Sreejith et al., 2019)
enables mRNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Chen et al., 2015)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables zinc ion binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001878
(assigned by InterPro )
(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process (10 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (10 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization
inferred from direct assay
(Sreejith et al., 2019)
involved_in germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sreejith et al., 2019)
involved_in negative regulation of pre-miRNA processing
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Stratoulias et al., 2014)
involved_in oogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Stratoulias et al., 2014)
involved_in positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Fmr1; FB:FBgn0028734
(Luhur et al., 2017)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2015)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:InR; FB:FBgn0283499
(Chen et al., 2015)
involved_in positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sreejith et al., 2019)
involved_in positive regulation of stem cell proliferation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Luhur et al., 2017, Chen et al., 2015)
involved_in post-embryonic digestive tract morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Luhur et al., 2017)
involved_in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Luhur et al., 2017)
involved_in symmetric stem cell division
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2015)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasmic stress granule
inferred from direct assay
(Luhur et al., 2017)
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Chen et al., 2015)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the lin-28 family. (Q9VRN5)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Pathway (FlyBase)
Positive Regulators of Insulin-like Receptor Signaling Pathway -
Positive regulators of the Insulin-like Receptor signaling pathway enhance Insulin-like receptor (InR) activation or the activity of intracellular effectors. (Adapted from FBrf0232297, FBrf0230017 and FBrf0229989).
Positive Regulators of JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway -
Positive regulators of JAK-STAT signaling up-regulate the pathway, enhancing transcriptional control by Stat92E.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

cold shock and RNA-binding protein - regulator of developmental timing - regulator of microRNA maturation

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\lin-28 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
lin-28-RA
FBtr0077090
NM_139726
1152
195
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
lin-28-PA
FBpp0076798
21.6
195
8.22
NP_647983
AAF50758
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\lin-28 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
ventral nerve cord primordium

Comment: reported as ventral nerve cord anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 12
midline primordium | subset
(Kearney et al., 2004)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
anterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior midgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
somatic muscle primordium

Comment: reported as muscle system primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visceral muscle primordium

Comment: reported as muscle system primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
stomatogastric nervous system primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic brain
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic dorsal epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic ventral epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval circulatory system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval dorsal vessel
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval lymph gland
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval midgut
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval muscle system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval somatic muscle
(Fisher et al., 2012)
larval ventral nerve cord
(Fisher et al., 2012)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
(Moss and Tang, 2003)
organism
(Lee et al., 2019)
Additional Descriptive Data

lin-28 is detected in embryos but not at other developmental stages by RT-PCR.

(Lee et al., 2019)

lin-28 expression can be consistently detected in RT-PCR experiments from embryos, but detection is not reproducible in later stages.

(Moss and Tang, 2003)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
distribution deduced from reporter or direct label
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
intestinal stem cell
(Luhur et al., 2017)
enteroblast
(Luhur et al., 2017)
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 11 -- 16
embryonic/larval central nervous system | restricted
(Lee et al., 2019)
larval ventral nerve cord | restricted
(Lee et al., 2019)
embryonic pericardial cell
(Lee et al., 2019)
embryonic cardioblast
(Lee et al., 2019)
third instar larval stage
hub cell
(Sreejith et al., 2019)
adult stage | male
hub cell
(Sreejith et al., 2019)
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
(Moss and Tang, 2003)
organism
(Lee et al., 2019, Sreejith et al., 2019)
first instar larval stage
(Moss and Tang, 2003)
pupal stage
(Moss and Tang, 2003)
adult stage | male
testis
(Sreejith et al., 2019)
Additional Descriptive Data

lin-28 is detected in embryos but not at other developmental stages by western blot. Immunolocalization shows that lin-28 is highly expressed in the embryonic nervous and cardiac systems. Within the nervous system, lin-28 is expressed in a small subset of elav positive cells and in elav-negative cells in the ventral region. In the circulatory system it is expressed in cardioblasts and pericardial cells.

(Lee et al., 2019)

lin-28 appears to be present at equal levels in enteroblasts and intestinal stem cells.

(Luhur et al., 2017)

lin-28 protein can be detected from cellular extracts from embryos and 1st instar larvae but not in third instar. The protein can then be detected in pupae and not in adults.

(Moss and Tang, 2003)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytoplasmic stress granule
inferred from direct assay
(Luhur et al., 2017)
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Chen et al., 2015)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\lin-28 in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 9 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 15 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of lin-28
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of lin-28
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)Exel6106
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(3L)SseA
(Jager et al., 2001)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
partially lethal
partially lethal (with Df(3L)Exel6106)
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
partially lethal - majority live
viable
viable (with Df(3L)Exel6106)
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal developmental rate | prepupal stage
abnormal developmental rate | prepupal stage (with lin-28dF30)
abnormal developmental rate | prepupal stage (with lin-28Δ1)
abnormal developmental rate | pupal stage
abnormal eye color, with Scer\GAL4da.PU
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | recessive
decreased body size | pupal stage
decreased body size | pupal stage (with lin-28dF30)
decreased body size | pupal stage (with lin-28Δ1)
increased body size | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
increased mortality during development, with Scer\GAL4da.PU
majority die during pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
some die during pharate adult stage
some die during pupal stage
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4da.PU
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdominal dorsal muscle
abdominal temporary eclosion muscle DA
egg chamber
egg chamber (with Df(3L)Exel6106)
egg chamber (with Df(3L)ZN47)
embryonic/larval salivary gland | pupal stage
eye, with Scer\GAL4da.PU
female germline stem cell
intestinal stem cell | somatic clone
intestinal stem cell of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4esg.PU, Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
male abdominal 5 muscle
nurse cell | increased number
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (7)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\LIN28B
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\LIN28A
12 of 15
No
Yes
4  
Hsap\YBX1
2 of 15
No
No
7  
Hsap\CARHSP1
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\CSDC2
1 of 15
No
No
Hsap\YBX2
1 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\YBX3
1 of 15
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (7)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Lin28b
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Lin28a
11 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Ybx1
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Carhsp1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Csdc2
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ybx2
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Ybx3
1 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (9)
Rnor\Lin28b
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Lin28a
8 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\LOC503116
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Ybx1
2 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Carhsp1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Csdc2
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ybx1-ps3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Ybx2
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Ybx3
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (6)
Xtro\lin28a
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\lin28b
8 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\ybx1
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ybx3
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\carhsp1
1 of 12
No
No
Xtro\ybx2
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
Drer\si:ch1073-284b18.2
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\lin28a
12 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\lin28b
3 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\ybx1
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\csdc2a
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (6)
Cele\lin-28
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\cey-1
3 of 15
No
No
Cele\cey-2
3 of 15
No
No
Cele\cey-3
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\cey-4
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\srx-12
1 of 15
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (4)
Atha\CSDP1
3 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\CSP3
2 of 9
No
No
Atha\GRP2
2 of 9
No
No
Atha\GRP2B
2 of 9
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09190HHB )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00002931
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD26991
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM11094
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM11696
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM26678
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG26447
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG26289
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE27774
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE28377
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF26470
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF27645
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA17695
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA14466
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL18446
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK27594
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK27426
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ26764
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ25682
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI26857
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI26051
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH24668
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09150BXI )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17011598
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY001769
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_09196
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes000761
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL004259
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC001831
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP006591
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ011213
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W0G7H )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA000377
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS207936-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL007073
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15202045
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG036765
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG002942
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG024480
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG015285
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG036255
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG015120
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG032243
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG027382
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG024823
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG031621
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG031742
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG035993
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC014742
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC012403
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC002871
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI009849
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0G83 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR011791
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW023808
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM83491.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur15g00620
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_52316
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0RTY )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\SPU_027195gn
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\zf(cchc)-17
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\LIN28
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000026761
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
yps
3 of 10
CG9705
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    lin-28HMC03080
    exacerbates  atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor
    modeled by Snr1KK101602
    (Tegeder et al., 2019)
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    LIN28B; lin-28 homolog B
    13 of 15
    611044
         
        LIN28A; lin-28 homolog A
        12 of 15
        611043
             
            Functional Complementation Data
            Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
            Interactions
            Summary of Physical Interactions
            esyN Network Diagram
            Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
            Select Layout:
            Legend:
            Protein
            RNA
            Selected Interactor(s)
            Interactions Browser
            View in Interactions Browser
            Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
            protein-protein
            Physical Interaction
            Assay
            References
            lin-28 - CG2017
            two hybrid
            (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
            lin-28 - CG34163
            anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based
            (Rhee et al., 2014)
            lin-28 - Tre1
            experimental knowledge based
            (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
            lin-28 - sina
            two hybrid
            (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
            RNA-protein
            Physical Interaction
            Assay
            References
            lin-28 - InR
            anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr
            (Chen et al., 2015)
            lin-28 - upd1
            anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr
            (Sreejith et al., 2019)
            Summary of Genetic Interactions
            esyN Network Diagram
            esyN Network Key:
            Suppression
            Enhancement
            View in Interactions Browser
            Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            lin-28
            suppressible
            InR
            (Chen et al., 2015)
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            pnr
            enhanceable
            lin-28
            (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
            External Data
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Pathways
            Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
            Positive Regulators of Insulin-like Receptor Signaling Pathway -
            Positive regulators of the Insulin-like Receptor signaling pathway enhance Insulin-like receptor (InR) activation or the activity of intracellular effectors. (Adapted from FBrf0232297, FBrf0230017 and FBrf0229989).
            Positive Regulators of JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway -
            Positive regulators of JAK-STAT signaling up-regulate the pathway, enhancing transcriptional control by Stat92E.
            Metabolic Pathways
            External Data
            Linkouts
            Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
            Chromosome (arm)
            3L
            Recombination map
            3-15
            Cytogenetic map
            64E1-64E1
            Sequence location
            3L:5,654,681..5,657,384 [+]
            FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Evidence for location
            64E1-64E1
            Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}sinu06524 and P{PZ}Bre101640
            Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Notes
            References
            Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
            Location

            3-15

            (FlyBase, 2016)

            3-13.5

            (Comeron et al., 2012)
            Left of (cM)
            Right of (cM)
            Notes
            Stocks and Reagents
            Stocks (4)
            Genomic Clones (15)
             

            Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

            cDNA Clones (24)
             

            Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

            cDNA clones, fully sequenced
            BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

            For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

            cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
            BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            RNAi and Array Information
            Linkouts
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
            Antibody Information
            Laboratory Generated Antibodies
             

            polyclonal

            (Lee et al., 2019, Sreejith et al., 2019, Chen et al., 2015)
            Commercially Available Antibodies
             
            Other Information
            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database identify of

            Source for identity of: lin-28 CG17334

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Source for database merge of

            Source for merge of: lin-28 BcDNA:RE05342

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Additional comments

            Source for identity of lin-28 CG17334 was sequence comparison ( date:020814 ).

            (FlyBase, 1996-)

            Source for merge of lin-28 BcDNA:RE05342 was a shared cDNA ( date:030728 ).

            (FlyBase, 1996-)
            Other Comments

            lin-28 enhances insulin signaling in the adult intestinal cells and promotes their symmetric renewal independently of let-7.

            (Chen et al., 2015)

            lin-28 mutants show multiple defects in oogenesis, which result from abnormal follicle stem cell and germline stem cell differentiation.

            (Stratoulias et al., 2014)
            Origin and Etymology
            Discoverer
            Etymology
            Identification
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 39 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            DPiM - Drosophila Protein interaction map
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            References (53)