FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Smn

FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025

FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025

Gene: Dmel\Smn

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Smn

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

survival motor neuron

Annotation Symbol

CG16725

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0036641

Gene Model Status

Stock Availability

14 publicly available

Gene Summary

survival motor neuron (Smn) encodes the eponymous member of the SMN complex, which functions as an assembly chaperone for Sm-class small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. The SMN complex contains three other 'Gemin' proteins encoded by Gem2, Gem3 and rig. Smn is essential for viability but higher levels of the protein are required for proper neuromuscular development and function. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

dSMN, l(3)73Ao, survival of motor neurons

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

3L:16,580,398..16,581,547 [-]

Recombination map

3-44

RefSeq locus

NT_037436 REGION:16580398..16581547

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (38 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables alpha-actinin binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Actn; FB:FBgn0000667

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9V3C4

(Cauchi et al., 2008)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables RNA binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR010304

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (24 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (23 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in AMPA glutamate receptor clustering

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chan et al., 2003)

involved_in basal protein localization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

involved_in central nervous system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

involved_in chromosome organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lee et al., 2009)

involved_in cytoplasmic U snRNP body assembly

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lee et al., 2009)

involved_in embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chan et al., 2003)

involved_in excitatory postsynaptic potential

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Imlach et al., 2012, Lotti et al., 2012, Chan et al., 2003)

involved_in larval development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chan et al., 2003)

involved_in larval locomotory behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Imlach et al., 2012, Lotti et al., 2012, Praveen et al., 2012, Chan et al., 2003)

involved_in lumen formation, open tracheal system

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ruiz et al., 2012)

involved_in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lotti et al., 2012, Praveen et al., 2012)

involved_in neuromuscular junction development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chan et al., 2003)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chang et al., 2008)

involved_in neuromuscular synaptic transmission

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Imlach et al., 2012, Lotti et al., 2012)

involved_in oocyte morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chan et al., 2003)

involved_in P-body assembly

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lee et al., 2009)

involved_in positive regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:htl; FB:FBgn0010389,FLYBASE:btl; FB:FBgn0285896

(Sen et al., 2011)

involved_in positive regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Imlach et al., 2012, Lotti et al., 2012)

involved_in protein-RNA complex assembly

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Shpargel et al., 2009)

involved_in spliceosomal snRNP assembly

inferred from direct assay

(Kroiss et al., 2008)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Praveen et al., 2012, Rajendra et al., 2007)

involved_in stem cell differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

involved_in stem cell division

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

involved_in stem cell proliferation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

involved_in terminal button organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chan et al., 2003)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in mRNA processing

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR010304

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (11 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in Cajal body

inferred from direct assay

(Shpargel et al., 2009, Chang et al., 2008, Liu and Gall, 2007, Liu et al., 2006)

located_in cytoplasmic U snRNP body

inferred from direct assay

(Buckingham and Liu, 2011, Lee et al., 2009, Liu and Gall, 2007)

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Grice and Liu, 2011, Lee et al., 2009)

inferred from direct assay

(Buckingham and Liu, 2011, Shpargel et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2006)

located_in Gemini of Cajal bodies

inferred from direct assay

(Cauchi, 2011, Lee et al., 2009)

located_in I band

inferred from direct assay

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

located_in neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Chang et al., 2008)

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

part_of SmD-containing SMN-Sm protein complex

inferred from direct assay

(Kroiss et al., 2008)

part_of SMN complex

inferred from direct assay

(Matera et al., 2019)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Gem3; FB:FBgn0011802

(Borg et al., 2015)

part_of SMN-Gemin2 complex

inferred from direct assay

(Kroiss et al., 2008)

located_in Z disc

inferred from direct assay

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR010304

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

located_in nucleus

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR010304

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

SURVIVAL MOTOR NEURON COMPLEX - GEM4A VARIANT

SURVIVAL MOTOR NEURON COMPLEX - GEM4B VARIANT

SURVIVAL MOTOR NEURON COMPLEX - GEM4C VARIANT

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the SMN family. (Q9VV74)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

survival motor neuron (Smn) encodes the eponymous member of the SMN complex, which functions as an assembly chaperone for Sm-class small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. The SMN complex contains three other 'Gemin' proteins encoded by Gem2, Gem3 and rig. Smn is essential for viability but higher levels of the protein are required for proper neuromuscular development and function. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Gene Group (FlyBase)

SURVIVAL MOTOR NEURON COMPLEX - GEM4A VARIANT -: The survival motor neuron (SMN) complex is minimally composed of SMN and Gemin proteins. The SMN complex mediates the assembly of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). (Adapted from FBrf0228762).
SURVIVAL MOTOR NEURON COMPLEX - GEM4B VARIANT -: The survival motor neuron (SMN) complex is minimally composed of SMN and Gemin proteins. The SMN complex mediates the assembly of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). (Adapted from FBrf0228762).
SURVIVAL MOTOR NEURON COMPLEX - GEM4C VARIANT -: The survival motor neuron (SMN) complex is minimally composed of SMN and Gemin proteins. The SMN complex mediates the assembly of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). (Adapted from FBrf0228762).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Core component of the survival motor neuron (SMN) complex that plays an essential role in spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) assembly in the cytoplasm, is required for pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus and acts as a chaperone that discriminates target and non-target RNAs of Sm proteins (PubMed:18923150, PubMed:23063130, PubMed:23063131, PubMed:30563832). A major component of nuclear bodies known as gems (gemini of Cajal bodies) thought to be storage depots of excess SMN complexes (PubMed:21627586). Required for normal expression of spliceosomal snRNAs and for U12 intron splicing. Required in cholinergic neurons, but not in motor neurons, to ensure correct splicing and proper levels of stas mRNA and normal neurotransmitter release by motor neurons (PubMed:23063130, PubMed:23063131). However, Smn is required in motor neurons, but not in cholinergic neurons, for normal motor behavior but plays no role in synaptic transmission according to a report (PubMed:23103409). In both muscle and neurons, required for the formation of a normal neuromuscular junction (NMJ) structure. Plays a neuron-specific role in long-term homeostatic compensation at the larval NMJ. In the thorax of adult flies, required for Act88F, an indirect flight muscle (IFM)-specific actin, expression and for proper IFM myofibril formation. In nurse cells, oocytes and follicle cells, required to maintain normal organization of nuclear compartments including chromosomes, nucleoli, Cajal bodies, histone locus bodies and heterochromatin. Required for the functional integrity of the cytoplasmic U snRNP body (U body) and P body. Required in dividing postembryonic neuroblasts (pNBs) for the correct basal localization of mira. The tight regulation of its expression is critical for stem cell division, proliferation and differentiation in male germline and developing central nervous system (CNS). Required for tracheal terminal cell lumen formation.

(UniProt, Q9VV74)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

RNA binding protein involved, along with Gemins, in the assembly of the small nuclear ribonucleoproteins that constitute the spliceosome - neuromuscular junction protein required in both neurons and muscle for normal junctional morphology

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

2

Number of Unique Polypeptides

1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Smn for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9VV74)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

4V98

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

FBtr0075395

879

226

FBtr0329921

1086

226

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

FBpp0075153

24.6

226

4.93

FBpp0302954

24.6

226

4.93

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

226 aa isoforms: Smn-PA, Smn-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer (via C-terminal region) (PubMed:11113446, PubMed:12783845, PubMed:22813737). Component of the core survival motor neuron (SMN) complex composed of Smn, Gem2, Gem3, rig/Gem5 and one of 3 almost identical Gem4 paralogs encoded by Glos/Gem4a, Gem4b or Gem4c (PubMed:30563832). Interacts with Gem3 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct and stabilizes Smn (PubMed:18923150, PubMed:19023405). Part of a minimal SMN complex composed of Smn and Gem2 only; this complex is active in UsnRNP assembly (PubMed:18621711, PubMed:23333303). The SMN complex associates with the entire set of spliceosomal snRNP Sm proteins, SmB, SmD1, SmD2, SmD3, SmE, SmF and SmG, and with the snRNP-specific proteins snRNP-U1-70K, U2A, snf/U1A and U5-116KD (PubMed:18621711, PubMed:23333303). Interacts with Glos/Gem4a; the interaction is probably indirect (PubMed:28949413, PubMed:30563832). Interacts with Sbat and Vlet; Sbat and Vlet, along with Hez, may form an accessory subcomplex involved in SMN complex function (PubMed:28949413). Interacts weakly with Gem3 (PubMed:18621711). Interacts with SmB and SmD1; the interaction is favored by methylation of the Sm proteins (PubMed:16753561, PubMed:18369183). Interacts with Actn; the interaction occurs in thoracic tissues and in adult flies (PubMed:17353360). Interacts with Rpp20 (PubMed:14715275). Interacts with msk and Snup; these interactions are RNA-dependent (PubMed:23885126).

(UniProt, Q9VV74)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

4V98

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

Q9VV74

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Smn using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Smn_1
Smn_2

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

4.08

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

larval central nervous system

(Lotti et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 1 -- 12

organism | ubiquitous

(Miguel-Aliaga et al., 2000)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

anterior endoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior endoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

fat body/gonad primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Chan et al., 2003)

Additional Descriptive Data

Smn is present at high levels in early embryonic stages on Northern blots and at low levels at all other stages, showing a maternal contribution. High levels of Smn are seen in nurse cells by in situ hybridization.

(Chan et al., 2003)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

larval ventral nerve cord

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

larval brain | restricted

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

(Chang et al., 2008)

larval muscle system | restricted

(Chang et al., 2008)

third instar larval stage

(Chang et al., 2008)

neuromuscular junction

Comment: postsynaptic region

(Chang et al., 2008)

(Chang et al., 2008)

larval muscle system

(Chang et al., 2008)

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

male germline stem cell

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

primary gonial cell

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

(Chang et al., 2008)

(Chang et al., 2008)

western blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

(Chang et al., 2008)

third instar larval stage

(Lotti et al., 2012)

(Chang et al., 2008)

Additional Descriptive Data

While Smn is a ubiquitously expressed protein, the levels are modulated in different tissues. Smn is expressed in the ventral ganglion of the developing larval CNS. In early first instar larvae, it is ubiquitous and located in puncate bodies. During late first instar and second instar stages, levels increase in cells that correspond to quiescent postembryonic neuroblasts (pNBs). Smn accumulation increases, with the highest expression found in the cytoplasm of second and third instar dividing pNBs. After division, levels are higher in the neuroblast than in the ganglion mother cell. Levels decrease in a gradient through the daughter cells until reaching a basal level in differentiated neurons and glia. In the larval brain, Smn is enriched in type ID, IA, and all mira-staining neuroblasts of the brain lobes. Smn is expressed in the adult testis where it is localized to the apical tip. Smn is enriched in germline stem cells (GSCs) and levels decrease as cells differentiate, forming a gradient. Staining is undetectable in hub cells, is very high in GSCs, remains high in gonialblasts and spermatogonia, and decreses dramatically in spermatocytes.

(Grice and Liu, 2011)

Smn is detected by immunolocalization in the wing disc in third instar larvae in a domain overlapping the vg domain. Smn is concentrated in the postsynaptic region of the neuromuscular junction in muscle. It is detected in all tissues examined, including muscle and neurons.

(Chang et al., 2008)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in Cajal body

inferred from direct assay

(Shpargel et al., 2009, Chang et al., 2008, Liu and Gall, 2007, Liu et al., 2006)

located_in cytoplasmic U snRNP body

inferred from direct assay

(Buckingham and Liu, 2011, Lee et al., 2009, Liu and Gall, 2007)

located_in cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Grice and Liu, 2011, Lee et al., 2009)

inferred from direct assay

(Buckingham and Liu, 2011, Shpargel et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2006)

located_in Gemini of Cajal bodies

inferred from direct assay

(Cauchi, 2011, Lee et al., 2009)

located_in I band

inferred from direct assay

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

located_in neuromuscular junction

inferred from direct assay

(Chang et al., 2008)

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

part_of SmD-containing SMN-Sm protein complex

inferred from direct assay

(Kroiss et al., 2008)

part_of SMN complex

inferred from direct assay

(Matera et al., 2019)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Gem3; FB:FBgn0011802

(Borg et al., 2015)

part_of SMN-Gemin2 complex

inferred from direct assay

(Kroiss et al., 2008)

located_in Z disc

inferred from direct assay

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Smn in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Smn

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Smn

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0036641

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

39844/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0036641

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0036641

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0036641

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG16725

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0036641

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\Smn

Stages(s) 1-3
Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 7-8
Stages(s) 9-10
Stages(s) 11-12
Stages(s) 13-16

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 9 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 61 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Smn

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Smn

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 12 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 12 )

Gene disrupted in

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Chan et al., 2003)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

Gene not disrupted in

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

(Bedian, 1998.10.2)

Inferred from location ( 7 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

Smn^X7

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

lethal | embryonic stage | germline clone | non-rescuable maternal effect | recessive

Smn^73Ao

lethal | larval stage | recessive

Smn^73Ao

lethal | recessive

Smn^73Ao

lethal - all die before end of larval stage

lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Smn^{G206S.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Smn^{M194R.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Smn^{Y203C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with Smn^73Ao)

lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with Smn^f01109)

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with Smn^f05960)

lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with Smn^X7)

lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive

lethal - all die before end of P-stage

Smn^E2

lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of P-stage, with Smn^X7

Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^X7

Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^X7, Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die before end of second instar larval stage | recessive

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU

Smn^RNAi.UAS.cUa

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Smn^{L207Y,G210V.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Smn^X7

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Smn^{Y204H.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU

Smn^{RNAi.FL.UAS.WIZ}

lethal - all die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU, Smn^{RNAi.FL.UAS.WIZ}

Smn^X7

lethal - all die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU, Smn^X7

Smn^{RNAi.FL.UAS.WIZ}

partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

Smn^{RNAi.FL.UAS.WIZ}

partially lethal, with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^Tag:FLAG

Smn^X7

partially lethal, with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^X7

partially lethal, with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal, with Smn^Tag:FLAG, Smn^X7

Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

partially lethal, with Smn^X7, Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{G210C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^Tag:FLAG

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^Tag:FLAG, Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^Tag:FLAG, Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^Tag:FLAG, Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^X7, Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^Tag:FLAG

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^X7/Smn^f01109

Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{Y107C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die, with Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

partially lethal - majority die (with Smn^f01109), with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority die (with Smn^X7), with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^f01109

partially lethal - majority live

Smn^f01109

partially lethal - majority live, with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority live, with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority live, with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^X7

Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}

partially lethal - majority live, with Smn^{G73R.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority live, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^X7

Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

partially lethal - majority live, with Smn^{I93F.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority live, with Smn^Tag:FLAG

Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority live, with Smn^X7

partially lethal - majority live (with Smn^73Ao)

Smn^f01109

partially lethal - majority live (with Smn^f01109)

partially lethal - majority live (with Smn^f05960)

Smn^f01109

partially lethal - majority live (with Smn^X7)

Smn^f01109

Smn^E33

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Smn^GD9191

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Smn^GD9191

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Smn^GD9191

Sterility

Allele

female sterile | germline clone | recessive

Smn^73Ao

Smn^E33

fertile, with Smn^Tag:FLAG

Smn^X7

fertile, with Smn^X7

Smn^Tag:FLAG

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal developmental rate, with Smn^X7/Smn^f01109

abnormal developmental rate (with Smn^f01109)

Smn^X7

abnormal developmental rate (with Smn^f01109), with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

abnormal developmental rate (with Smn^f01109), with Smn^Tag:FLAG

Smn^X7

abnormal developmental rate (with Smn^X7)

Smn^f01109

abnormal developmental rate (with Smn^X7), with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^f01109

abnormal developmental rate (with Smn^X7), with Smn^Tag:FLAG

Smn^f01109

abnormal developmental rate | larval stage

abnormal flight

Smn^E2

abnormal jumping

abnormal locomotor behavior

Smn^E33

abnormal locomotor behavior (with Smn^f01109)

Smn^X7

abnormal locomotor behavior (with Smn^X7)

Smn^f01109

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^VGlut1-OK371

abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage

abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Smn^HMC03832

abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage (with Smn^f05960)

Smn^Δ

abnormal locomotor behavior | larval stage (with Smn^Δ)

Smn^f05960

abnormal locomotor behavior | third instar larval stage

Smn^X7

abnormal locomotor rhythm | larval stage

Smn^X7

abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage

Smn^E33

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Smn^HMC03832

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage | progressive

Smn^Δ

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage

Smn^f01109

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU

Smn^{RNAi.FL.UAS.WIZ}

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage (with Smn^73Ao)

Smn^f01109

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage (with Smn^f01109)

Smn^73Ao

abnormal neurophysiology

Smn^73Ao

abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage

Smn^X7

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Smn^UAS.Tag:FLAG

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with Smn^73Ao)

Smn^X7

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with Smn^E33)

Smn^X7

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with Smn^X7)

abnormal pain response | adult stage, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Smn^GD9191

abnormal size | larval stage

Smn^X7

abnormal touch response

Smn^E33

decreased body size | larval stage

decreased body size | third instar larval stage

Smn^X7

decreased size | larval stage

Smn^Δ

Smn^E33

majority die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

Smn^{RNAi.N.UAS.WIZ}

majority die during P-stage, with Smn^{G210C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

majority die during P-stage, with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

majority die during P-stage, with Smn^X7

majority die during P-stage, with Smn^{Y107C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

majority die during P-stage, with Smn^{Y208A.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

majority die during P-stage, with Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

some die during larval stage, with Smn^X7

Smn^{Y208A.Tag:FLAG}

some die during larval stage, with Smn^{Y208A.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

some die during larval stage (with Smn^73Ao)

some die during larval stage (with Smn^f05960)

some die during larval stage (with Smn^X7)

some die during larval stage | recessive

some die during pharate adult stage

Smn^E2

some die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

Smn^{RNAi.C.UAS.WIZ}

some die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL

Smn^{RNAi.FL.UAS.WIZ}

some die during P-stage, with Smn^{G210C.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

some die during P-stage, with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

some die during P-stage, with Smn^X7

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

some die during pupal stage, with Smn^X7/Smn^f01109

Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

some die during pupal stage (with Smn^f01109), with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^X7

some die during pupal stage (with Smn^X7), with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

Smn^f01109

some die during second instar larval stage | recessive

some die during third instar larval stage (with Smn^f01109)

Smn^X7

some die during third instar larval stage (with Smn^X7)

Smn^f01109

uncoordinated | larval stage | recessive

Smn^73Ao

visible, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

Smn^{RNAi.N.UAS.WIZ}

visible, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscle cell

Smn^E33

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Smn^HMC03832

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage (with Smn^f05960)

Smn^Δ

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage (with Smn^Δ)

Smn^f05960

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage

Smn^X7

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Smn^UAS.Tag:FLAG

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage (with Smn^73Ao)

Smn^X7

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage (with Smn^E33)

Smn^X7

embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage (with Smn^X7)

embryonic/larval tracheal section, with Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

Smn^NIG.16725R

eye, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

indirect flight muscle cell

Smn^E33

indirect flight muscle motor neuron

Smn^E33

larval somatic muscle cell | larval stage

Smn^X7

larval somatic muscle cell | third instar larval stage

Smn^X7

muscle cell of A1-7 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 | larval stage

Smn^Δ

NMJ bouton, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

NMJ bouton, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

NMJ bouton, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

NMJ bouton (with Smn^73Ao)

Smn^f01109

NMJ bouton (with Smn^f01109)

Smn^73Ao

NMJ bouton | decreased number | larval stage

Smn^Δ

NMJ bouton | decreased number | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Smn^HMC03832

NMJ bouton | decreased number | larval stage (with Smn^f05960)

Smn^Δ

NMJ bouton | decreased number | larval stage (with Smn^Δ)

Smn^f05960

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^Tub.PU

Smn^{RNAi.FL.UAS.WIZ}

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with Smn^73Ao)

Smn^f01109

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with Smn^f01109)

Smn^73Ao

posterior crossvein, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

Smn^{RNAi.N.UAS.WIZ}

striated muscle thin filament

Smn^E33

tracheal lumen, with Scer\GAL4^btl.PS

Smn^NIG.16725R

wing vein L4, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

Smn^{RNAi.N.UAS.WIZ}

wing vein L5, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

Smn^{RNAi.N.UAS.WIZ}

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (3)

12 of 14

Yes

Yes

2

12 of 14

Yes

Yes

3

1 of 14

No

No

1

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)

12 of 14

Yes

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)

13 of 14

Yes

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (6)

6 of 13

Yes

Yes

6 of 13

Yes

No

Xtro\LOC100144954

5 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)

12 of 14

Yes

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

8 of 14

Yes

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP004011

11 of 12

Yes

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006247

2 of 12

No

No

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)

1 of 13

Yes

No

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)

1 of 12

Yes

Yes

1 of 12

Yes

No

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Smn. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)

3 of 13

2 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 39 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^HMC03832

(Di Giorgio et al., 2017)

CEA with Smn^{S201A.G206S.Tag:FLAG}

(Gray et al., 2018)

CEA with Smn^{G206S.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019, Gray et al., 2018)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020, Gray et al., 2018)

CEA with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{D20V.Tag:FLAG}

(Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

(Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

(Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{G73R.Tag:FLAG}

(Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{I93F.Tag:FLAG}

(Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{Y107C.Tag:FLAG}

(Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{M194R.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{Y203C.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{G210C.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019)

CEA with Smn^{L207Y,G210V.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021)

CEA with Smn^{Δ7S.v.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021)

CEA with Smn^{S193I.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021)

CEA with Smn^{S197P.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021)

CEA with Smn^{Y204R.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021)

CEA with Smn^{Y204H.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021)

CEA with Smn^{Y204R.v.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021)

CEA with Smn^{Y204H.v.Tag:FLAG}

(Gupta et al., 2021)

model of intermediate spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^f01109

(Praveen et al., 2012)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

CEC with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

CEC with Smn^{G73R.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

CEC with Smn^{I93F.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

CEC with Smn^{G210C.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

CEC with Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

CEC with Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

CEC with Smn^{Y107C.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

CEC with Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

(Garcia et al., 2024)

model of spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Imlach et al., 2012)

CEC with Smn^HMC03832

(Chen et al., 2022)

Smn^{RNAi.FL.UAS.WIZ}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Farrugia et al., 2022, Chang et al., 2008)

Smn^{RNAi.N.UAS.WIZ}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Farrugia et al., 2022, Sen et al., 2011, Chang et al., 2008)

CEC

(Borg et al., 2015)

model of spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Timmerman and Sanyal, 2012)

Smn^{RNAi.C.UAS.WIZ}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Farrugia et al., 2022, Sen et al., 2011, Chang et al., 2008)

CEC

(Borg et al., 2015)

model of spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Timmerman and Sanyal, 2012)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Gupta et al., 2021, Shpargel et al., 2009, Chan et al., 2003)

CEA with Smn^f01109

(Chang et al., 2008)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Gupta et al., 2021, Shpargel et al., 2009)

Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of intermediate spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7, Smn^f01109

(Praveen et al., 2012)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Spring et al., 2019)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Garcia et al., 2024)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Shpargel et al., 2009, Chang et al., 2008, Rajendra et al., 2007)

CEA with Smn^f01109

(Chang et al., 2008)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020, Shpargel et al., 2009, Chang et al., 2008, Rajendra et al., 2007)

CEA with Smn^73Ao

(Chang et al., 2008)

CEA with Smn^f05960

(Chang et al., 2008)

model of intermediate spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^{T205I.Tag:FLAG}, Smn^X7

(Praveen et al., 2012)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Shpargel et al., 2009)

Smn^{D20V.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

Smn^{F70S.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

Smn^{V72G.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

Smn^{G73R.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

Smn^{I93F.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

Smn^{Y107C.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

Smn^{M194R.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

Smn^{Y203C.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

Smn^{G206S.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019, Gray et al., 2018, Praveen et al., 2014)

Smn^{G210V.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

Smn^{G210C.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2014)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Li et al., 2020, Maccallini et al., 2020, Spring et al., 2019, Di Giorgio et al., 2017)

CEA with Smn^X7

(Di Giorgio et al., 2017)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Garcia et al., 2024)

model of spinal muscular atrophy

CEC

(Chen et al., 2022)

CEC with Smn^X7

(Chen et al., 2022)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

Smn^{S201A.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Gray et al., 2018)

Smn^{Δ7S.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Gray et al., 2018)

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021)

Smn^{Δ7A.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Gray et al., 2018)

Smn^{S201A.G206S.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gray et al., 2018)

Smn^{Y208C.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021, Spring et al., 2019)

CEA

(Raimer et al., 2020)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

CEC with Smn^X7

(Garcia et al., 2024)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Li et al., 2020)

Smn^{S193I.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021)

Smn^{S197P.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021)

Smn^{Y204R.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021)

Smn^{Y204H.ΔMGLR.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021)

Smn^{Y204R.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021)

Smn^{Y204H.v.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021)

Smn^{L207Y,G210V.Tag:FLAG}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

CEA with Smn^X7

(Gupta et al., 2021)

model of spinal muscular atrophy

CEA

(Garcia-Vaquero et al., 2023)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 5 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

SMN1; survival of motor neuron 1, telomeric

model of adult spinal muscular atrophy

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of intermediate spinal muscular atrophy

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of Werdnig-Hoffmann disease

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

SMN2; survival of motor neuron 2, centromeric

model of juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Smn^UAS.Tag:FLAG

ameliorates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6

modeled by Hsap\FUS^{R518K.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Casci et al., 2019)

modeled by Hsap\FUS^{R521C.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Casci et al., 2019)

modeled by Hsap\FUS^UAS.Tag:HA

(Casci et al., 2019)

Smn^{RNAi.N.UAS.WIZ}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

is ameliorated by htl^UAS.cMa

(Sen et al., 2011)

is exacerbated by Gem3^ΔN.UAS

(Borg et al., 2015)

Smn^{RNAi.C.UAS.WIZ}

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

is ameliorated by htl^UAS.cMa

(Sen et al., 2011)

is exacerbated by Gem3^ΔN.UAS

(Borg et al., 2015)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

is exacerbated by ASPP^d05779

(Chang et al., 2008)

is ameliorated by Atf6^c05057

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by btl^f02864

(Chang et al., 2008)

is ameliorated by CG10561^f06260

(Chang et al., 2008)

is ameliorated by CG13775^f05549

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by CG33172^f04448

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by Eip75B^d09801

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by Mad¹²

(Chang et al., 2008)

is ameliorated by ctp^f02345

(Chang et al., 2008)

is ameliorated by Moe^e02369

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by SK^d03336

(Chang et al., 2008)

is ameliorated by mlt^e00818

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by net^f04249

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by spri^d05295

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by wit^UAS.cMa

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by wit^d02492

(Chang et al., 2008)

exacerbates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6

modeled by Hsap\FUS^{R518K.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Casci et al., 2019)

modeled by Hsap\FUS^{R521C.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Casci et al., 2019)

modeled by Hsap\FUS^UAS.Tag:HA

(Casci et al., 2019)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

is exacerbated by Mad¹²

(Chang et al., 2008)

is exacerbated by wit^UAS.cMa

(Chang et al., 2008)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

is ameliorated by Tgs1^GD14932

(Maccallini et al., 2020)

model of spinal muscular atrophy

is ameliorated by Hsap\TGS1^UAS.cMa

(Chen et al., 2022)

is ameliorated by Tgs1^UASp.EGFP

(Chen et al., 2022)

exacerbates frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1

modeled by Zzzz\poly-GR^PO-36.UAS

(Park et al., 2021)

ameliorates motor neuron disease

modeled by WDR79^MB10832

(Di Giorgio et al., 2017)

model of childhood spinal muscular atrophy

is ameliorated by Pcyt2^UAS.cLa

(Li et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by Zmynd10^UAS.cLa

(Li et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by CG10171^UAS.cLa

(Li et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by CG16984^UAS.cLa

(Li et al., 2020)

is ameliorated by Fas3^UAS.cLa

(Li et al., 2020)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

SMN1; survival of motor neuron 1, telomeric

12 of 14

SURVIVAL OF MOTOR NEURON 1; SMN1

SMN2; survival of motor neuron 2, centromeric

12 of 14

SURVIVAL OF MOTOR NEURON 2; SMN2

SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY, TYPE III; SMA3

juvenile spinal muscular atrophy

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, cosedimentation, confirmation by molecular weight

(Gupta et al., 2021, Hu et al., 2017.6.13, Praveen et al., 2014, Praveen et al., 2012, Chan et al., 2003, Miguel-Aliaga et al., 2000)

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, pull down

(Rajendra et al., 2007)

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot

(Gray et al., 2018)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Maccallini et al., 2020)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot, anti tag western blot, experimental knowledge based, two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, pull down

(Maccallini et al., 2020, Borg et al., 2016, Praveen et al., 2014, Guruharsha et al., 2011, Shpargel et al., 2009, Cauchi et al., 2008)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Maccallini et al., 2020)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti tag western blot, western blot

(Maccallini et al., 2020, Matera et al., 2019, Lanfranco et al., 2017)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot

(Matera et al., 2024)

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, pull down, autoradiography

(Hua and Zhou, 2004)

molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining

(Chari et al., 2008)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Lanfranco et al., 2017)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot

(Gray et al., 2018)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot

(Gray et al., 2018, Gonsalvez et al., 2006)

molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining

(Chari et al., 2008)

molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining

(Chari et al., 2008)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot

(Gray et al., 2018)

molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining

(Chari et al., 2008)

molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining

(Chari et al., 2008)

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Natalizio and Matera, 2013)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Maccallini et al., 2020)

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Lanfranco et al., 2017)

x-ray crystallography, electron tomography

(Grimm et al., 2013)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Natalizio and Matera, 2013)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry, western blot, anti tag western blot

(Gray et al., 2018)

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Sen et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Chang et al., 2008)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Li et al., 2020)

suppressible

(Chang et al., 2008)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Chang et al., 2008)

suppressible

(Li et al., 2020)

suppressible

(Chang et al., 2008)

suppressible

(Chang et al., 2008)

suppressible

(Sen et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Sen et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Li et al., 2020)

enhanceable

(Dimitriadi et al., 2010)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Sen et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Chang et al., 2008)

suppressible

(Chang et al., 2008)

suppressible

(Li et al., 2020)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Sen et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Titlow et al., 2014)

suppressible

(Sen et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Li et al., 2020)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2011)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2011)

enhanceable

(Sen et al., 2011)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer (via C-terminal region) (PubMed:11113446, PubMed:12783845, PubMed:22813737). Component of the core survival motor neuron (SMN) complex composed of Smn, Gem2, Gem3, rig/Gem5 and one of 3 almost identical Gem4 paralogs encoded by Glos/Gem4a, Gem4b or Gem4c (PubMed:30563832). Interacts with Gem3 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct and stabilizes Smn (PubMed:18923150, PubMed:19023405). Part of a minimal SMN complex composed of Smn and Gem2 only; this complex is active in UsnRNP assembly (PubMed:18621711, PubMed:23333303). The SMN complex associates with the entire set of spliceosomal snRNP Sm proteins, SmB, SmD1, SmD2, SmD3, SmE, SmF and SmG, and with the snRNP-specific proteins snRNP-U1-70K, U2A, snf/U1A and U5-116KD (PubMed:18621711, PubMed:23333303). Interacts with Glos/Gem4a; the interaction is probably indirect (PubMed:28949413, PubMed:30563832). Interacts with Sbat and Vlet; Sbat and Vlet, along with Hez, may form an accessory subcomplex involved in SMN complex function (PubMed:28949413). Interacts weakly with Gem3 (PubMed:18621711). Interacts with SmB and SmD1; the interaction is favored by methylation of the Sm proteins (PubMed:16753561, PubMed:18369183). Interacts with Actn; the interaction occurs in thoracic tissues and in adult flies (PubMed:17353360). Interacts with Rpp20 (PubMed:14715275). Interacts with msk and Snup; these interactions are RNA-dependent (PubMed:23885126).

(UniProt, Q9VV74 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

65147

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0036641

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39844

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39844

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

3L

Recombination map

3-44

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

3L:16,580,398..16,581,547 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

73A9-73A9

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)j10E8^j10E8&P{PZ}l(3)10532¹⁰⁵³² and P{PZ}Baldspot⁰²²⁸¹

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

73A7-73A7

(Miguel-Aliaga, 2000.8.15)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-44

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-39.2

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (14)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

85617

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{WH}Smn^f01109

26288

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF02057}attP2

4802

Smn^73Ao e^*/TM6B, Tb⁺

18923

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{WH}Smn^f05960/TM6B, Tb¹

36621

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.GL00581}attP2

107890

Smn^73Ao/TM6B, Tb¹

16725R-2

16725R-3

HMJ22740

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ22740}attP40/CyO

v100392

P{KK106152}VIE-260B

v45447

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD9191}v45447/TM3

v318206

PBac{fTRG00718.sfGFP-TVPTBF}VK00033

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (11)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (18)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LD23602

Other clones

DPiM_LD23602

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0036641

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0036641

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Matera et al., 2019, Praveen et al., 2012, Chang et al., 2008)

monoclonal

(Na et al., 2016, Chang et al., 2008)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

New stable cell line derived from S2-unspecified : An inducible stable S2 cell line was created that expresses epitope-tagged Smn. The "TagIt" epitope consists of the first 30 amino acids of human SMN protein.
(Kroiss et al., 2008)

Other Comments

The disruption of motor neurons and muscles seen in Smn mutants is a secondary consequence of a primary dysfunction of sensory-motor network activity: Smn function must be restored in both proprioceptive neurons and cholinergic interneurons to rescue Smn mutant phenotypes.

(Imlach et al., 2012)

Smn mutant animals show progressive loss of mobility and increasingly uncoordinated movement.

(Thomas et al., 2007)

Mutants show defects at the neuromuscular junction.

(Chan et al., 2003)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Smn l(3)73Ao

(Chan et al., 2003)

Additional comments

Source for identity of Smn CG16725 was sequence comparison ( date:001007 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: Smn CG16725

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG16725

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2023-, Matera et al., 2019, Çiçek et al., 2016, Na et al., 2016, Hosono et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Perkins et al., 2009.3.31, Shpargel et al., 2009, Gandhi et al., 2007, Rajendra et al., 2007, Mount and Salz, 2000)

DmSMN

(Miguel-Aliaga et al., 2000)

Smn

(Garcia et al., 2024, Garcia-Vaquero et al., 2023, Chen et al., 2022, Farrugia et al., 2022, Grice and Liu, 2022, Kao et al., 2021, Park et al., 2021, Yeates and Frank, 2021, Maccallini et al., 2020, Raimer et al., 2020, Casci et al., 2019, Foley et al., 2019, Ismail et al., 2019, Spring et al., 2019, Walters et al., 2019, Gray et al., 2018, Grice et al., 2018, Olesnicky and Wright, 2018, Atkinson et al., 2017, Di Giorgio et al., 2017, Hu et al., 2017.6.13, Mirra et al., 2017, Garcia et al., 2016, Na et al., 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Borg et al., 2015, Edens et al., 2015, Amaral et al., 2014, Praveen et al., 2014, Titlow et al., 2014, Borg and Cauchi, 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Sen et al., 2013, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Praveen et al., 2012, Ruiz et al., 2012, Bayat et al., 2011, Sen et al., 2011, Dimitriadi et al., 2010, Lorbeck et al., 2010, Shpargel et al., 2009, Chang et al., 2008, Gonsalvez et al., 2008, Rajendra et al., 2007, Thimmappaiaha et al., 2007)

dSMN

(Matera et al., 2019, Potikanond et al., 2018, Wishart et al., 2014, Garcia et al., 2013, Natalizio and Matera, 2013, Gonsalvez et al., 2006, Liu et al., 2006, Hua and Zhou, 2004, Thimmappaiaha and Matera, 2004, Ilangovan et al., 2003)

dSmn

(Osman et al., 2019)

l(3)73Ao

(Chan et al., 2003, Bedian, 1998.10.2)

smn

(Stewart et al., 2024, Zhang et al., 2023, Goel and Dickman, 2021, Kim et al., 2021, Li et al., 2020, Lenz et al., 2013, Imlach et al., 2012, Lotti et al., 2012, Grice and Liu, 2011, Grice et al., 2011, Lloyd and Taylor, 2010, Lee et al., 2009, Thomas et al., 2007, Thomas et al., 2004, Chan et al., 2003, Chan et al., 2002)

Name Synonyms

Smn

(Frank, 2014)

Survival Motor Neuron

(Edens et al., 2015, Lee et al., 2007, Thomas et al., 2007)

Survival motor neuron

(Siomi et al., 2010)

Survival of Motor Neurons

(Jaglarz et al., 2011)

survival motor neuron

(Lenz et al., 2013, Cauchi et al., 2010, Lorbeck et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2009, Chang et al., 2008, Gonsalvez et al., 2008, Miguel-Aliaga, 2000.8.15, FBrf0192407)

survival of motor neurons

(Liu and Gall, 2007, Liu et al., 2006)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0025499

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 45 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

39844

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9VV74

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9VV74

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9VV74

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0036641

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

39844/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0036641

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0036641

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0036641

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG16725

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

39844

PDB - An information portal to biological macromolecular structures

4V98

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

65147

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0036641

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0036641

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0036641

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Smn_1
Smn_2

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0036641

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0036641

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG16725

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0036641

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39844

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39844

References (144)