FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Atg4b

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Atg4b

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Autophagy-related 4b

Annotation Symbol

CG6194

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0038325

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

9 publicly available

Gene Summary

Autophagy-related 4b (Atg4b) encodes a cysteine protease that cleaves the precursor product of Atg8a at the C-terminal region, thereby initiating autophagosome formation. [Date last reviewed: 2018-11-15] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

Atg4

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

88F1-88F1

Sequence location

3R:15,353,720..15,356,924 [-]

Recombination map

3-57

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:15353720..15356924

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q9U1N6

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002503342

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables cysteine-type peptidase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005078, InterPro:IPR046792

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables protein-phosphatidylethanolamide deconjugating activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002503342

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P53867

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR046792

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (7 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (7 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in aggrephagy

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002503342

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in autophagosome assembly

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002503342

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q86TL0

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

involved_in autophagy

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P53867

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

involved_in macroautophagy

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q9VPW2

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

involved_in mitophagy

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002503342

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q86TL0

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

involved_in piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002503342

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in protein processing

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002503342

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cytoplasm

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002503342

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

located_in cytosol

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P53867

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

AUTOPHAGY-RELATED GENES

ATG8 PROTEASES

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

AUTOPHAGY-RELATED GENES -: The Autophagy-related genes (Atg), characterized extensively in yeast, are a set of approximately twenty evolutionarily conserved genes required for autophagy. Autophagy (specifically, macroautophagy) is the process of bulk degradation of cytoplasmic material. It takes place by the assembly of a double membrane vesicle, the autophagosome, which delivers cargo to the lysosome for recycling. (Adapted from FBrf0219844 and FBrf020902).
ATG8 PROTEASES -: During macroautophagy/autophagy, ATG8-family proteins undergo 2 distinct proteolytic processing events. First, in support of phagophore growth, ATG8 is cleaved by ATG4 to expose a glycine at the COOH-terminus. The exposed glycine is then utilized in a series of ubiquitin-like reactions culminating in the covalent attachment of the ATG8-family protein to the phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Second, following autophagosome maturation, each ATG8 protein is recycled off the membrane by an ATG4-mediated cleavage that breaks the bond between glycine and PE. Thus, ATG4 is responsible for both early and late cleavage events on distinct pools (soluble and lipid-attached) of ATG8-related proteins. ATG8-family proteases are included within MEROPS family C54. (Adapted from PMID:29458288.)

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Atg4b for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9VF80)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Atg4b-RA

FBtr0083115

NM_142195

2665

668

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Atg4b-PA

FBpp0082569

74.8

668

5.86

Q9VF80

NP_650452

AAF55180

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Atg4b using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Atg4b_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.09

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism

Comment: rapidly degraded

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord primordium

Comment: reported as ventral nerve cord anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

central brain primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

central brain primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic brain

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Fisher et al., 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

pupal stage

salivary gland

(Lee et al., 2003)

Additional Descriptive Data

The expression of this gene along with several others is induced in salivary glands in pupae at the time of head eversion. This stage is characterized by an increase in the ecdysone titer as well as large amounts of cell death in this tissue.

(Lee et al., 2003)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Atg4b in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Atg4b

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Atg4b

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0038325

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

41868/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0038325

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0038325

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0038325

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG6194

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0038325

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Atg4b

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Atg4b

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3R)Exel6174

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Inferred from location ( 3 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Atg4b^GD11855

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Atg4b^GD11855

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Atg4b^GD11855

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

Atg4b^GD11855

Sterility

Allele

fertile

Other Phenotypes

Allele

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Atg4b^GD11855

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

chaeta | increased number, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Atg4b^GD11855

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Atg4b^GD11855

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (4)

Hsap\ATG4D

13 of 14

Yes

Hsap\ATG4C

12 of 14

Yes

Hsap\ATG4A

6 of 14

Hsap\ATG4B

6 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)

Rnor\Atg4d

13 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Atg4c

11 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Atg4b

6 of 14

Rnor\Atg4a

5 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (5)

Mmus\Atg4d

13 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Atg4c

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Atg4a

6 of 14

Mmus\Atg4b

5 of 14

Mmus\Atg4a-ps

4 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (6)

Xtro\atg4d

10 of 13

Yes

Xtro\atg4c

9 of 13

Yes

Xtro\atg4a

4 of 13

Xtro\atg4b

3 of 13

Xtro\ccser2

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\cyp2b6

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (6)

Drer\atg4c

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\atg4da

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\atg4db

11 of 14

Yes

Drer\atg4a

6 of 14

Drer\atg4b

6 of 14

Drer\LOC101884161

1 of 14

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)

Cele\atg-4.2

11 of 14

Yes

Cele\atg-4.1

5 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP004023

12 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP008497

5 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)

Atha\AT2G44140

10 of 13

Yes

Atha\AT3G59950

10 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)

Scer\ATG4

10 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\atg4

9 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Atg4b. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)

Atg4a

10 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Atg4b^P0997

exacerbates frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1

modeled by Zzzz\GGGGCC^30.UAS.EGFP

(Cunningham et al., 2020)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

ATG4D; autophagy related 4D cysteine peptidase

13 of 14

611340

ATG4C; autophagy related 4C cysteine peptidase

12 of 14

611339

ATG4A; autophagy related 4A cysteine peptidase

6 of 14

300663

ATG4B; autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase

6 of 14

611338

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

enhanceable

Atg4b

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

Delta

enhanceable

Atg4b

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

enhanceable

Atg4b

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

suppressible

Atg4b

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

enhanceable

Atg4b

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

suppressible

Atg4b

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

sno

enhanceable

Atg4b

(Thumm and Kadowaki, 2001)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

66931

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0038325

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41868

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Macroautophagy

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-57

Cytogenetic map

88F1-88F1

Sequence location

3R:15,353,720..15,356,924 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

88F1-88F1

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}MRG15^j6A3 and P{PZ}l(3)06536⁰⁶⁵³⁶

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-57

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-56.1

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (9)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

81793

y¹ v¹; P{TKO.GS04839}attP40

56046

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMS04249}attP2

602236

y¹ w^*; TI{CRIMIC.TG4.1}Atg4b^{CR71049-TG4.1}/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹

FlyORF

F003145

M{UAS-Atg4b.ORF.3xHA.GW}ZH-86Fb

NIG-Fly

6194R-3

P{NIG.6194R}3

HMJ21998

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ21998}attP40/CyO

HMJ22688

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ22688}attP40/CyO

VDRC

v108299

P{KK102037}VIE-260B

v22293

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD11855}v22293

Genomic Clones (17)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (78)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0038325

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0038325

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: Atg4b CG6194

(Érdi et al., 2012)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (12)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

APG4

(Kourtis and Tavernarakis, 2009)

ATG4

(Song et al., 2020)

AUT2

(Kourtis and Tavernarakis, 2009)

Atg4

(Rosendo Machado et al., 2021, Xu et al., 2020, Chakraborty et al., 2018, Kuo et al., 2018, Lei et al., 2017, Moy and Cherry, 2013, Chang and Neufeld, 2010, Zirin and Perrimon, 2010)

Atg4b

(Li et al., 2023, Gerenu et al., 2021, Barthez et al., 2020, Cunningham et al., 2020, Gohel et al., 2020, Jacomin et al., 2020, Khezri and Rusten, 2019, Meltzer et al., 2019, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, O'Keefe and Denton, 2018, Bali and Shravage, 2017, Galluzzi et al., 2017, Manent et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Pérez et al., 2015, Zhang and Baehrecke, 2015, Érdi et al., 2012)

Atg4l

(Onkar et al., 2023)

CG6194

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2023-, Hosono et al., 2015, Érdi et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Mackay et al., 2012, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Chittaranjan et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Czech et al., 2008, Liu and Lehmann, 2008)

DmAtg4-like

(Chittaranjan et al., 2009)

atg4

(Zhang et al., 2016)

atg4b

(Loudhaief et al., 2023)

Name Synonyms

Autophagy-related 4b

Autophagy-specific gene 4b

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 37 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

41868

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9VF80

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9VF80

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0038325

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

41868/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0038325

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0038325

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0038325

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG6194

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

41868

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

66931

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0038325

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0038325

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0038325

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Atg4b_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0038325

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0038325

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG6194

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0038325

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0038325

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC014208

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

41868

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Macroautophagy

References (68)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-1.09

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