Gene Dmel\lmd

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

(Duan et al., 2001, Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2002)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

(Duan et al., 2001, Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2002)

Notes

Molecular Map Data

Gene Order (in direction of increasing cytology)

References

Gene Order (overall orientation not stated)

References

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\lmd for information on other features

Comments on Gene Model

EST data suggest additional 5' exon(s)

Genbank data suggest this alternate transcript.Unconventional splice site postulated (GA) at coordinate AE003741-176776

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

lmd-RA

FBtr0084363

NM_079733

3019

692

lmd-RB

FBtr0084364

NM_170044

3197

866

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

2 (northern blot)

(Casal and Leptin, 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kD)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

lmd-PA

FBpp0083756

78.2

692

5.86

NP_524457

AAF56082

lmd-PB

FBpp0083757

96.0

866

5.02

NP_732811

AAN13923

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kD)

Comments

External Data

PANTHER - Protein classification by function, families, and pathways

•

FBgn0039039

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Zinc finger, C2H2-type (IPR007087)

Zinc finger, C2H2-type/integrase, DNA-binding (IPR013087)

Zinc finger, C2H2-like (IPR015880)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

Maps to

Does NOT map to

Identified with

LD28538

(BDGP Project Members, 2000-, Nguyen, 2001.4.15, Furlong et al., 2001, Ruiz-Gomez, 2001.7.13, Duan et al., 2001, Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2002)

LD47926

Mapped Features & Mutations

Please see GBrowse or insertion reports for information on insertions of transgenic constructs and features not listed here

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

point mutation

lmd[1]
3R:18,851,795..18,851,795

evidence=experimental
na_change=C18851795T
pr_change=Q127|lmd-PB,Q127|lmd-PA
reported_na_change=C?T
reported_pr_change=Q127@

point mutation

lmd[A388]-1
3R:18,851,756..18,851,756

comment=Site of nucleotide substitution in mutant inferred by FlyBase based on reported amino acid change. Mutation is 1 of 2 in strain. Could be polymorphism.
evidence=experimental
na_change=T18851756A
pr_change=F140I|lmd-PB,F140I|lmd-PA

point mutation

lmd[A388]-2
3R:18,851,215..18,851,215

comment=Reported nucleotide change refers to the cDNA. Difference thought to be responsible for mutant phenotype. Other differences thought to be polymorphic variants.
evidence=experimental
na_change=G18851215A
pr_change=W320|lmd-PB,W299|lmd-PA
reported_na_change=G959A
reported_pr_change=W320@

External Data

DEDB - Drosophila exon database: splicing graphs

•

10400

Crossreferences

Expression Data

FlyBase-Curated Data

Transcript and
Protein data

Please see the FlyBase Gene Expression Report for details of gene expression from the literature.

Summary of Transcript Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

embryonic stage | late

mesoderm

(Casal and Leptin, 1996)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Summary of Polypeptide Expression

Stage

Tissue/Position

Reference

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Microarray Data

Developmental timecourse, Costello et al., 2008 (Original data from Arbeitman et al., 2002)

Untitled Document detailed view

AI546366
AA990692

External Data & Images

Show all BDGP original images, annotations and embryonic microarray data for lmd

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0039039

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

FBgn0039039

GEO (NCBI) - Gene expression data: microarray and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0039039

BDGP expression data

•

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

•

Show all FlyExpress processed images for lmd

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Lethality

Allele

lethal

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

lmd^Scer\UAS.cFa

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

embryonic somatic muscle (with Df(3R)M95A)

lmd¹

embryonic somatic muscle

embryonic muscle system

lmd¹

abdominal dorsal acute muscle 1 & stage 15 embryo

lmd¹

embryonic myoblast

lmd^A388

pharyngeal muscle

lmd^A388

embryonic visceral muscle

lmd^A388

Classical Alleles ( 3 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of lmd	Class	Mutagen	Known lesion
lmd¹	amorph	ethyl methanesulfonate	--
lmd²	loss of function	ethyl methanesulfonate	--
lmd^A388	amorph	ethyl methanesulfonate	Yes

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of lmd	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
lmd^GD12792	in vitro construct \| RNAi in vitro construct \| regulatory fusion	2	Yes
lmd^Scer\UAS.cFa	in vitro construct \| regulatory fusion	0	Yes
lmd^Scer\UAS.cRa	in vitro construct \| regulatory fusion	0	Yes
lmd^dsRNA.cFa	in vitro construct \| RNAi	0	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Useful deficiency

Df(3R)hh

Useful duplication

Dp(3;3)M95A⁺13

Disrupted in

Df(3R)23D1

Df(3R)EB6

(Duan et al., 2001, Ruiz-Gomez et al., 2002)

Df(3R)Exel6193

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(3R)M95A

Df(3R)hh

Df(3R)hh-GW2

Not disrupted in

Df(3R)5C1

Df(3R)hhE23

Df(3R)r90b

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

UAS construct

P{GD12792}

P{UAS-lmd.F}

P{UAS-lmd.R}

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

Related Comments

Please look at the allele reports for the complete phenotype data

lmd mutant embryos show loss of expression of two key differentiation and fusion genes, Mef2 and sns, in fusion-competent myoblasts and completely lack multinucleate somatic muscle fibres. However, founder cells are specified and retain their capacity to differentiate into mononucleate muscle cells.

Fusion-competent myoblasts remain as an immature population of mesodermal cells that cannot contribute to muscle formation in mutant embryos, resulting in a failure to form multinucleate muscles.

transcription factor activity

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 10 )

Molecular Function

CV term

Evidence

References

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P10070 AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProt:Q61602

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

zinc ion binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR007087, InterPro:IPR015880

Biological Process

CV term

Evidence

References

muscle development

inferred from mutant phenotype

regulation of transcription

traceable author statement

(Dworak and Sink, 2002)

myoblast fusion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Menon et al., 2005)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P10070 AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProt:Q61602

skeletal muscle development

inferred from mutant phenotype

somatic muscle development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Furlong et al., 2001)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Furlong et al., 2001)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Furlong et al., 2001)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Cellular Component

CV term

Evidence

References

intracellular

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR007087, InterPro:IPR015880

nucleus

inferred from sequence or structural similarity

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

protein_coding_gene

nuclear_gene

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interacts with

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

lmd allele

Gene

References

External Data

BioGRID - Interaction data, including yeast 2-hybrid and genetic interactions

•

67665

Orthologs

Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs

Dana\GF18275

Dere\GG12470

Dgri\GH18235

Dmoj\GI10767

Dper\GL27360

Dpse\GA18349

Dsec\GM23601

Dsim\GD18414

Dvir\GJ14367

Dwil\GK11610

Dyak\GE23994

Curated drosophilid orthologs

Dpse\GA18349

InParanoid orthologs - Eukaryotic orthologs

•

ENSANGP00000017204
Anopheles gambiae (Ensembl)
ENSGALP00000017426
Gallus gallus (Ensembl)
WBGene00029513
Caenorhabditis briggsae (Wormbase)

Functional Complementation between Species

Inter-Species Misexpression Data

Produces phenotype in

Produces NO phenotype in

Stocks & Reagents

Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 2 )

VDRC

v28376

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12792}v28376

v28377

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD12792}v28377

Genomic Clones ( 1 )

BACR01K08

cDNA Clones ( 15 )

Please Note

This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LD47926

Other clones

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi & Array Information

Affy Oligo

DRSC - RNAi screening (Harvard): high-throughput cell culture data and design

•

FBgn0039039

GenomeRNAi - RNAi phenotypes (Heidelberg): high-throughput cell culture data

•

FBgn0039039

Antibody Information

Other Information

Discoverer

Etymology

Etymology: gene is named "myoblasts incompetent" after the mutant phenotype; mutants show a defect in the differentiation of fusion-competent myoblasts (while there is no apparent requirement for the gene in the differentiation of founder myoblasts).