FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\SPE

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\SPE

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Spatzle-Processing Enzyme

Annotation Symbol

CG16705

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0039102

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

3 publicly available

Gene Summary

Spatzle-Processing Enzyme (SPE) encodes a secreted serine protease that participates in the cleavage of the Toll ligand encoded by spz during the immune response, leading to Toll pathway activation in the fat body and haemocytes. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

c-SP4

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

95A7-95A7

Sequence location

3R:23,686,255..23,688,147 [+]

Recombination map

3-80

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:23686255..23688147

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (14 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables serine hydrolase activity

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Kumar et al., 2021)

enables serine-type endopeptidase activity

inferred from direct assay

(Jang et al., 2006)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables serine-type endopeptidase activity

inferred from sequence model

(Cao and Jiang, 2018, Kelleher and Pennington, 2009, Ross et al., 2003)

Biological Process (11 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in defense response to fungus

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(El Chamy et al., 2008)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Jang et al., 2006, Kambris et al., 2006)

involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kambris et al., 2006)

involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Jang et al., 2006, Kambris et al., 2006)

inferred from direct assay

(Mulinari et al., 2006)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:modSP; FB:FBgn0051217

(Buchon et al., 2009)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Yamamoto-Hino and Goto, 2016)

involved_in innate immune response

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Yamamoto-Hino and Goto, 2016, El Chamy et al., 2008)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kambris et al., 2006)

involved_in positive regulation of antifungal peptide production

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(El Chamy et al., 2008)

involved_in positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide production

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Mulinari et al., 2006)

involved_in positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Jang et al., 2006)

involved_in positive regulation of Toll signaling pathway

inferred from direct assay

(Jang et al., 2006, Mulinari et al., 2006)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Yamamoto-Hino and Goto, 2016, El Chamy et al., 2008, Kambris et al., 2006)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:modSP; FB:FBgn0051217

(Buchon et al., 2009)

involved_in proteolysis

inferred from direct assay

(Jang et al., 2006)

involved_in regulation of Toll signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Yamamoto-Hino and Goto, 2016)

involved_in response to fungus

inferred from high throughput expression pattern

(Levy et al., 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in proteolysis

inferred from sequence model

(Kelleher and Pennington, 2009, Ross et al., 2003)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in extracellular region

inferred by curator from GO:0050832

(Kambris et al., 2006)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

S1A SERINE PROTEASES - TRYPSIN-LIKE

Pathway (FlyBase)

Extracellular Spatzle Activating Pathway Core Components

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. CLIP subfamily. (Q9VCJ8)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Pathway (FlyBase)

Extracellular Spatzle Activating Pathway Core Components -: In Drosophila, activation of the Toll pathway is controlled by the generation of a cleaved, active, Toll-binding form of spatzle ligand. Proteolytic activation of spatzle ligand lies downstream of several zymogen activation cascades that are initiated by different cues. In dorsal-ventral patterning, localized activation of spz results in ventral nuclear accumulation of dl. During viral and fungal and gram positive bacterial immune challenge, zymogen cascades are activated by extracellular pattern recognition receptors or virulence factor-mediated cleavage of the zymogen persephone (psh). (Adapted from FBrf0091014 and FBrf0223077).

Gene Group (FlyBase)

S1A SERINE PROTEASES - TRYPSIN-LIKE -: Trypsin-like serine proteases of the S1A family are endopeptidases that cleave amide substrates following Arginine or Lysine at the P1 position. (Adapted from FBrf0239469).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Endopeptidase which plays a key role in innate immunity by cleaving Tl ligand spz and thereby activating the Toll pathway in response to fungal and Gram-positive bacterial infections (PubMed:16631589, PubMed:16399077, PubMed:18724373, PubMed:26843333, PubMed:16996061). Acts downstream of pathogen recognition receptors PGRP-SA and GNBP1 and protease grass in response to Gram-positive bacterial infection (PubMed:16399077). Acts downstream of protease psh in response to fungal infection (PubMed:16399077).

(UniProt, Q9VCJ8)

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\SPE for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure New Section

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9VCJ8)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

(Kambris et al., 2006)

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

SPE-RA

FBtr0084440

NM_142911

1267

400

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

SPE-PA

FBpp0083832

43.9

400

6.24

NP_651168

AAF56160

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

In the active form, heterodimer of a light chain and a heavy chain; disulfide-linked.

(UniProt, Q9VCJ8)

Post Translational Modification

Proteolytically cleaved in response to Gram-negative bacterial or fungal infection; processing is likely to result in its activation (PubMed:16399077). Cleavage produces a light chain containing the CLIP domain and a catalytic heavy chain which remain covalently associated through an interchain disulfide bond (Probable).

(UniProt, Q9VCJ8)

Domain

The clip domain consists of 35-55 residues which are 'knitted' together usually by 3 conserved disulfide bonds forming a clip-like compact structure.

(UniProt, Q9VCJ8)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\SPE using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

SPE_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic/larval fat body

(Fisher et al., 2012)

larval stage

wing disc

(Organista et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\SPE in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\SPE

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\SPE

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0039102

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

42791/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0039102

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0039102

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0039102

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG16705

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0039102

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\SPE

Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 2 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 15 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of SPE

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of SPE

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3R)Exel6195

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Inferred from location ( 0 )

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

SPE^dsRNA.IR.UAS

partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

SPE^GD6245

partially lethal - majority live | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

SPE^{dsRNA.UAS.cMa}

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

SPE^{dsRNA.UAS.cMa}

viable, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

SPE^{dsRNA.UAS.cJa}

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

SPE^GD6245

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

SPE^GD6245

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4^76B

SPE^{active.UAS.Tag:V5}

abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PI

SPE^{dsRNA.UAS.cMa}

abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4^c564

SPE^dsRNA.IR.UAS

abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4^Cg.PA

SPE^{active.UAS.Tag:V5}

abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4^da.G32

SPE^{dsRNA.UAS.cJa}

abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4^Hml.PG

SPE^{active.UAS.Tag:V5}

abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4^Lsp2.PH

SPE^{active.UAS.Tag:V5}

abnormal immune response (with Df(3R)mbc-30)

SPE^Pasteur

abnormal immune response (with Df(3R)mbc-R1)

SPE^Pasteur

abnormal immune response | recessive

SPE^Pasteur

flightless, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

SPE^GD6245

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

SPE^GD6245

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

SPE^GD6245

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

embryonic/larval fat body, with Scer\GAL4^76B

SPE^{active.UAS.Tag:V5}

embryonic/larval hemocoel, with Scer\GAL4^76B

SPE^{active.UAS.Tag:V5}

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

SPE^GD6245

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\F10

1 of 15

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)

No records found.

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)

Rnor\F10

1 of 13

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)

Xtro\f10

1 of 12

Yes

Xtro\LOC100145345

1 of 12

Yes

Xtro\LOC108644439

1 of 12

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)

Drer\f10

1 of 15

Yes

Drer\LOC100004411

1 of 15

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (9)

Cele\svh-1

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\T22A3.6

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\try-1

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\try-3

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\try-4

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\try-5

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\try-6

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\try-9

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\try-10

1 of 15

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

No records found.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

No records found.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

No records found.

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (108)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

4 of 10

4 of 10

4 of 10

4 of 10

4 of 10

3 of 10

3 of 10

3 of 10

3 of 10

3 of 10

MP1

3 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

psh

2 of 10

scaf

2 of 10

snk

2 of 10

Sp7

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

SPE - Atg4a

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - CG11504

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - CG4407

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - CG8654

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - CG8888

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - Cyp6a13

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - Fer1HCH

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - FipoQ

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - Hmgs

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - Hsp26

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - ICA69

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - Idh3b

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - JMJD6

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - Lst8

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - MRG15

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - ND-75

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - Sil1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - Tap42

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - exu

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - hiro

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - igl

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - mts

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

SPE - nwk

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

In the active form, heterodimer of a light chain and a heavy chain; disulfide-linked.

(UniProt, Q9VCJ8 )

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0039102

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Extracellular Spatzle Activating Pathway Core Components -: In Drosophila, activation of the Toll pathway is controlled by the generation of a cleaved, active, Toll-binding form of spatzle ligand. Proteolytic activation of spatzle ligand lies downstream of several zymogen activation cascades that are initiated by different cues. In dorsal-ventral patterning, localized activation of spz results in ventral nuclear accumulation of dl. During viral and fungal and gram positive bacterial immune challenge, zymogen cascades are activated by extracellular pattern recognition receptors or virulence factor-mediated cleavage of the zymogen persephone (psh). (Adapted from FBrf0091014 and FBrf0223077).

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Toll and Imd signaling pathway

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Formation of the trans-membrane 'signalling complex'

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-80

Cytogenetic map

95A7-95A7

Sequence location

3R:23,686,255..23,688,147 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

95A7-95A7

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)06906⁰⁶⁹⁰⁶ and P{PZ}l(3)04684⁰⁴⁶⁸⁴

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-80

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-81.9

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (3)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

33926

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS00873}attP2

VDRC

v104906

P{KK112002}VIE-260B

v30971

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD6245}v30971

Genomic Clones (12)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (34)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0039102

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0039102

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

42791

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: SPE CG16705

(Mulinari et al., 2006)

Source for identity of: spe CG16705

(Kambris et al., 2006)

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Other Comments

The SPE product activates the spz enzyme by proteolytic processing during the immune response.

(Jang et al., 2006)

nec and psh require spe, sphinx2, sphinx1, spheroide, grass, and spirit to activate Tl.

(Kambris et al., 2006)

GNBP1 and PGRP-SA function upstream of spe, sphinx2, sphinx1, spheroide, grass, spirit in the spz-Tl pathway.

(Kambris et al., 2006)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 40 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

42791

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9VCJ8

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9VCJ8

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9VCJ8

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0039102

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0039102

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

42791/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0039102

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

SPE_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0039102

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0039102

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG16705

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0039102

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

205675

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

42791

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG16705

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

42791

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0039102

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0039102

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0039102

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0039102

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0039102

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Toll and Imd signaling pathway

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Formation of the trans-membrane 'signalling complex'

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (15)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG16705

(Veillard et al., 2016, Hosono et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Kelleher and Pennington, 2009, El Chamy et al., 2008, Kwon et al., 2008, Shah et al., 2008, Busse et al., 2007, Pal et al., 2007, Jang et al., 2006, Kambris et al., 2006, Mulinari et al., 2006, Wertheim et al., 2005, Levy et al., 2004, Christophides et al., 2002)

CT37173

(Ceriani et al., 2002)

SP4

(Ross et al., 2003)

SPE

(DeAngelis et al., 2021, Kumar et al., 2021, Alameh et al., 2020, Arora and Ligoxygakis, 2020, Luo et al., 2020, Younes et al., 2020, Dudzic et al., 2019, Galenza and Foley, 2019, Panettieri et al., 2019, Troha et al., 2019, Alpar et al., 2018, Anthoney et al., 2018, Cao and Jiang, 2018, Green et al., 2018, Lopez et al., 2018, Wei et al., 2018, Duneau et al., 2017, Louradour et al., 2017, Patrnogic and Leclerc, 2017, Veillard et al., 2016, Yamamoto-Hino and Goto, 2016, Kavi et al., 2015, Organista et al., 2015, Xia et al., 2015, Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2015, Hang et al., 2014, Kurata, 2014, Salazar-Jaramillo et al., 2014, Zhou et al., 2014, Mbodj et al., 2013, Telonis-Scott et al., 2013, Yamamoto-Hino and Goto, 2013, Igboin et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Kounatidis and Ligoxygakis, 2012, Nam et al., 2012, Paré et al., 2012, Fullaondo et al., 2011, Marcu et al., 2011, Valanne et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Paddibhatla et al., 2010, Buchon et al., 2009, Buchon et al., 2009, Cronin et al., 2009, Obbard et al., 2009, Zsindely et al., 2009, El Chamy et al., 2008, Shah et al., 2008, Waterhouse et al., 2007, Jang et al., 2006, Kambris et al., 2006, Kambris et al., 2006, Mulinari et al., 2006)

Sp4

(Mulinari et al., 2006)

c-SP4

(Kambris et al., 2006, Ross et al., 2003)

cSP4

(Cao and Jiang, 2018)

proPO-AE

(De Gregorio et al., 2002)

spe

(Mulinari et al., 2006)

Name Synonyms

CG16705