FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Lsd-1
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Lsd-1
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Lipid storage droplet-1
Annotation Symbol
CG10374
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0039114
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Lipid storage droplet-1 (Lsd-1) encodes a protein associated with lipid droplets. It protects lipid droplets from lipase mediated remobilization and facilitates lipolysis by serving as an anchoring point for lipases such as the one encoded by Hsl. It is involved in lipid storage amount regulation and energy homeostasis in concert with the product of Lsd-2. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

Lsd1, plin1, lipid storage droplet protein 1, Lsdp1

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-80
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:23763857..23766662
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (11 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (7 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
involved_in lipid storage
inferred from expression pattern
involved_in lipid transport
inferred from expression pattern
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in lipid storage
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN004450669
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in lipid droplet
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytosol
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN004450669
is_active_in lipid droplet
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN004450669
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the perilipin family. (Q9VCI3)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Lipid storage droplet-1 (Lsd-1) encodes a protein associated with lipid droplets. It protects lipid droplets from lipase mediated remobilization and facilitates lipolysis by serving as an anchoring point for lipases such as the one encoded by Hsl. It is involved in lipid storage amount regulation and energy homeostasis in concert with the product of Lsd-2. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Required for normal deposition of neutral lipids in the oocyte.
(UniProt, Q9VCI3)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

intracellular neutral lipid droplet storage protein - maintains energy homeostasis

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
4
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Lsd-1 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VCI3)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0084455
1510
431
FBtr0084457
1501
325
FBtr0084456
1813
405
FBtr0335002
1432
405
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0083846
48.8
431
9.59
FBpp0083848
36.9
325
9.48
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

405 aa isoforms: Lsd-1-PC, Lsd-1-PD
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Lsd-1 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.85

Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Lsd-1 transcripts are expressed in late embryonic stages in the corpus allatum cells of the developing ring glad and in fat body. Fat body expression continues in post-embryonic stages.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Lsd-1 protein is observed in the wing pouch of the wing disc, and in other areas of the wing disc.

Lsd-1 protein is detected from late embryonic stages in the fat body. It associates with the lipid droplet surface in fat body cells.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in lipid droplet
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Lsd-1 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 10 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 17 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Lsd-1
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Lsd-1
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Inferred from location ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (5)
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
5 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (5)
4 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (5)
4 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
4 of 13
No
Yes
4 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
5 of 14
Yes
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Lsd-1. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
4 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
model of  obesity
is exacerbated by AkhR1
is exacerbated by bmm1
is ameliorated by bmmUAS.cGa
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
External Data
Linkouts
Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
3R
Recombination map
3-80
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
95B1-95B1
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)0468404684 and P{PZ}Atg600096
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
95B7-95B9
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (7)
Genomic Clones (18)
 

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (46)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
RNAi and Array Information
Linkouts
DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
Antibody Information
Laboratory Generated Antibodies
Commercially Available Antibodies
 
Cell Line Information
Publicly Available Cell Lines
 
    Other Stable Cell Lines
     
      Other Comments

      Lsd-1 modulates the access of proteins to the lipid droplet surface, shapes lipid droplet structure and has a role in regulation of lipid storage.

      The Hrp59 protein binds preferentially to a subset of mRNAs, including Lsd-1 mRNA.

      Relationship to Other Genes
      Source for database merge of
      Additional comments
      Nomenclature History
      Source for database identify of
      Nomenclature comments
      Etymology
      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (20)
      Reported As
      Symbol Synonym
      Name Synonyms
      Lipid storage droplets surface binding protein
      lipid storage droplet protein 1
      perilipin
      Secondary FlyBase IDs
        Datasets (2)
        Study focus (2)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        • bait_protein
        Genome-wide localization of chromosomal proteins in cell lines by ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq.
        • bait_protein
        Genome-wide localization of chromosomal proteins in fly tissues by ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq.
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 49 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        References (130)