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Gene Dmel\dys

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\dys	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	dysfusion	Annotation symbol	CG32474
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0039411
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	6 publicly available
Also Known As	CG14554, CG12561, dNXFL
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	96F12-96F14	Sequence location	3R:21,902,314..21,924,433 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene dysfusion is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\dys (CG32474, FBgn0039411). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity; sequence-specific DNA binding; protein heterodimerization activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; open tracheal system development; branch fusion, open tracheal system; epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system. 17 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: embryonic/larval lateral trunk; embryonic/larval dorsal trunk; embryonic/larval ganglionic branch; embryonic/larval dorsal branch. It has 3 annotated transcripts and 3 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding; PAC motif; PAS; PAS fold-3. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of low expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, during late larval stages, at stages throughout the pupal period, in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Little or no expression detected in any larval or adult organs/tissues. Gene sequence location is 3R:21902314..21924433.
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2012_01	Sequence features HFA14529 HFA14896 HFA14897 BKN21179 HFA14895 References Laplante et al., 2010, Dev. Dyn. 239(9): 2509--2519
FB2011_10
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 96F12-96F14   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)rQ197rQ197 and P{lacW}scribj7B3
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\dys for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Transcript supported by FBrf0162240
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) dys-RB FBtr0113293  NM_001104465   3353   884 dys-RC FBtr0113294  NM_001104466   4195   917 dys-RD FBtr0300618  NM_170258   3959   920
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein dys-PB   FBpp0112205   98.0   884   7.37     NP_001097935   ABW08775 dys-PC   FBpp0112206   101.6   917   7.31     NP_001097936   ABW08776 dys-PD   FBpp0289845   102.0   920   7.31     NP_733137   AAF56569
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • PAS (IPR000014) PAS fold-3 (IPR013655) PAC motif (IPR001610) Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding (IPR011598)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014297 AAF56569   AB095028 BAE53416   AE014297 ABW08775   AE014297 ABW08776   AI257165   AY484701 AAR85347   BT022132   BT024354   CO183380   CO321762   EC223287   EC250640   EL871714   EL871715   EL879028   EL879029   EL879156   EL879157
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q2WGN8 Q9VBH3 A8JRD5 A8JRD4 Q6RZA5
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 11   stomatogastric nervous system primordium   (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) embryonic stage 11 -- 15   anal pad primordium   (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) hindgut proper primordium | anterior   (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) embryonic stage 12 -- 17   embryonic stomatogastric nervous system   (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) embryonic stage 13   cibarium primordium   (Jiang and Crews, 2003) frontal ganglion primordium   (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic leading edge cell   (Jiang and Crews, 2003) tracheal fusion cell   (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic hindgut   (Jiang and Crews, 2003) anal pad primordium   (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic/larval ventral anastomosis   (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic stage 14 -- 15   embryonic leading edge cell   (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) embryonic stage 14 -- 17   embryonic/larval labial organ   (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) embryonic stage 16 -- 17   embryonic anal pad   (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) embryonic hindgut | anterior   (Peyrefitte et al., 2001)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 12 -- 15   tracheal fusion cell of dorsal trunk primordium   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic stage 13 -- 15   tracheal fusion cell of lateral trunk primordium   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic stage 14   cibarium primordium   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) frontal ganglion primordium   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic leading edge cell   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic hindgut   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) anal pad primordium   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic/larval ventral anastomosis   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic stage 14 -- 15   tracheal fusion cell   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) tracheal fusion cell of dorsal branch primordium   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) tracheal fusion cell of ganglionic branch primordium   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) embryonic stage 16 -- 17   tracheal fusion cell of embryonic/larval dorsal trunk   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003) tracheal fusion cell of embryonic/larval lateral trunk   • nucleus (Jiang and Crews, 2003)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0039411    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0039411 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of low expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 06-18 hour embryonic stages, during late larval stages, at stages throughout the pupal period, in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0039411 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr    174 embryo 10-12hr    205 embryo 12-14hr    234 embryo 14-16hr    124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr    134 white prepupae 24hr    275 pupae 2d postWPP    175 pupae 3d postWPP    120 pupae 4d postWPP    192 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day    143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr  (174) embryo 10-12hr  (205) embryo 12-14hr  (234) embryo 14-16hr  (124) embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (111) white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr  (134) white prepupae 24hr  (275) pupae 2d postWPP  (175) pupae 3d postWPP  (120) pupae 4d postWPP  (192) adult male 01day  (112) adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day  (143) adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr    174 embryo 10-12hr    205 embryo 12-14hr    234 embryo 14-16hr    124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr    134 white prepupae 24hr    275 pupae 2d postWPP    175 pupae 3d postWPP    120 pupae 4d postWPP    192 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day    143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr    174 embryo 10-12hr    205 embryo 12-14hr    234 embryo 14-16hr    124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr    134 white prepupae 24hr    275 pupae 2d postWPP    175 pupae 3d postWPP    120 pupae 4d postWPP    192 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day    143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr    174 embryo 10-12hr    205 embryo 12-14hr    234 embryo 14-16hr    124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr    134 white prepupae 24hr    275 pupae 2d postWPP    175 pupae 3d postWPP    120 pupae 4d postWPP    192 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day    143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0039411 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr    174 embryo 10-12hr    205 embryo 12-14hr    234 embryo 14-16hr    124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr    134 white prepupae 24hr    275 pupae 2d postWPP    175 pupae 3d postWPP    120 pupae 4d postWPP    192 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day    143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr  (174) embryo 10-12hr  (205) embryo 12-14hr  (234) embryo 14-16hr  124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr  134 white prepupae 24hr  (275) pupae 2d postWPP  (175) pupae 3d postWPP  120 pupae 4d postWPP  (192) adult male 01day  112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day  143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr    174 embryo 10-12hr    205 embryo 12-14hr    234 embryo 14-16hr    124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr    134 white prepupae 24hr    275 pupae 2d postWPP    175 pupae 3d postWPP    120 pupae 4d postWPP    192 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day    143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr    174 embryo 10-12hr    205 embryo 12-14hr    234 embryo 14-16hr    124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr    134 white prepupae 24hr    275 pupae 2d postWPP    175 pupae 3d postWPP    120 pupae 4d postWPP    192 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day    143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    1 embryo 02-04hr    4 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    72 embryo 08-10hr    174 embryo 10-12hr    205 embryo 12-14hr    234 embryo 14-16hr    124 embryo 16-18hr    79 embryo 18-20hr    76 embryo 20-22hr    49 embryo 22-24hr    48 larva L1    63 larva L2    48 larva L3 12hr old    33 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    47 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    82 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    111 white prepupae new    100 white prepupae 12hr    134 white prepupae 24hr    275 pupae 2d postWPP    175 pupae 3d postWPP    120 pupae 4d postWPP    192 adult male 01day    112 adult male 05day    90 adult male 30day    143 adult female 01day    66 adult female 05day    21 adult female 30day    26 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0039411    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0039411 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Little or no expression detected in any larval or adult organs/tissues. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut no informative data Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut no informative data Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_25
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0039411 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG32474-RA;S.C3R002999;S.C3R002997
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | recessive dys1 dys2 dys3 dys4 dys5 dys6 dys7 dys8 dys9 Phenotype manifest in Allele dorsal branch primordium | embryonic stage 16, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS dysScer\UAS.cJa dorsal trunk primordium | embryonic stage 16, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS dysScer\UAS.cJa embryonic/larval dorsal branch (with dys2) dys3 embryonic/larval dorsal branch (with dys3) dys2 embryonic/larval dorsal trunk (with dys2) dys3 embryonic/larval dorsal trunk (with dys3) dys2 embryonic/larval ganglionic branch (with dys2) dys3 embryonic/larval ganglionic branch (with dys3) dys2 embryonic/larval lateral trunk (with dys2) dys3 embryonic/larval lateral trunk (with dys3) dys2 ganglionic branch primordium | embryonic stage 16, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS dysScer\UAS.cJa lateral trunk primordium | embryonic stage 16, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS dysScer\UAS.cJa visceral branch | embryonic stage 16, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS dysScer\UAS.cJa
Classical Alleles ( 11 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of dys Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion dys2 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes dys3 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes dysMB04139 1 -- dys1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- dys4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes dys5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes dys6 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes dys7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes dys8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- dys9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- dysNP6653 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 6 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of dys Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion dysHMS01420 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes dysJF02095 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes dysScer\UAS.cJa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes dysGD16369 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes dysKK101083 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes dysΔB.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3R)BSC495 (Christensen et al., 2008.4.15) Df(3R)Espl3 (Jiang and Crews, 2006, Crews, 2007.1.6) Df(3R)Exel6204 (Ryder, 2004.4.26, Crews, 2007.1.6)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD16369} NA P{KK101083} NA P{TRiP.HMS01420} NA P{TRiP.JF02095} NA P{UAS-dys.J} NA P{UAS-dys.ΔB} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}dysMB04139 No P{GawB}dysNP6653 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 13 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
protein heterodimerization activity inferred from physical interaction with tgo (Ooe et al., 2007, Jiang and Crews, 2007) contributes_to sequence-specific DNA binding inferred from direct assay (Ooe et al., 2007) sequence-specific DNA binding inferred from direct assay (Jiang and Crews, 2007) contributes_to sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity inferred from direct assay (Ooe et al., 2007) inferred from physical interaction with tgo (Jiang and Crews, 2007)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
branch fusion, open tracheal system inferred from expression pattern AND inferred from mutant phenotype (Jiang and Crews, 2003) inferred from mutant phenotype (Jiang and Crews, 2003, Jiang and Crews, 2006) epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system inferred from mutant phenotype (Jiang and Crews, 2006) open tracheal system development inferred from mutant phenotype (Jiang and Crews, 2003) positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from direct assay (Ooe et al., 2007) regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter inferred from direct assay (Jiang and Crews, 2007)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from direct assay (Jiang and Crews, 2003, Jiang and Crews, 2007) protein complex inferred from physical interaction with tgo (Ooe et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 7 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
protein heterodimerization activity traceable author statement (Jiang and Crews, 2003) sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with ss (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) signal transducer activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000014 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
open tracheal system development non-traceable author statement (Jiang, 2003.11.20) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent inferred from sequence or structural similarity with ss (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) signal transduction inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000014, InterPro:IPR001610 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred by curator from GO:0003700 (Peyrefitte et al., 2001) inferred by curator from GO:0043565|GO:0003700 (Ooe et al., 2007)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions dys allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0039411 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 43174
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF16506 Dere\GG12197 Dgri\GH18137 Dmoj\GI22899 Dper\GL22009 Dpse\GA16931 Dsec\GM10194 Dsim\GD18145 Dvir\GJ23312 Dwil\GK12795 Dyak\GE10639
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA16931
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL008129-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP003965-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_624744.2 Apis mellifera (honey bee) XP_001946075.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) 121518 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) BGIBMGA010167-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) CN15144 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP36608 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE41867 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) RP33911 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSDARP00000072616 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSGACP00000022552 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) 192742 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000311196 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW012137-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) ENSMODP00000037952 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000021022 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) XP_001606151.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) ENSORLP00000002491 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) PHUM000689-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) ENSPPYP00000003503 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) ENSPTRP00000006758 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) ENSTNIP00000019937 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) ENSTRUP00000029962 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • NV12747 LH17601 ISCW012137 FBgn0228491 FBgn0214804 FBgn0210413 FBgn0189686 FBgn0165145 JGI_V11_107367 JGI_V11_107368 FBgn0076945 FBgn0159602 FBgn0145626 FBgn0125605 FBgn0104489 FBgn0093527 CPIJ007266 CPIJ007265 CPIJ007264 BGIBMGA010206 BGIBMGA010167 ACYPI005120 GB13740 AGAP003965 AAEL008129 PB20227 PHUM613230 GLEAN_13566
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 6 )
Bloomington	9592 w*; P{UAS-dys.J}2 24676 w1118; Mi{ET1}dysMB04139 26321 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF02095}attP2 35010 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS01420}attP2 9590 w*; e1 dys2/TM3, P{GAL4-Kr.C}DC2, P{UAS-GFP.S65T}DC10, Sb1 9591 w*; e1 dys3/TM3, P{GAL4-Kr.C}DC2, P{UAS-GFP.S65T}DC10, Sb1
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR08G22 BACR13F13 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 10 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	IP08837 IP09037
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	LP05454
Other clones	59682 190049 EC25616 EK186329 IP03776 IP08937 IP09137
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0039411 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 43174
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Jiang and Crews, 2003)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: dys cranky (Crews, 2003.2.11)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: dys CG14554 CG12561 CG14553 CG14552 (Jiang and Crews, 2002.1.5)
Additional comments	Annotations CG14554, CG14553, CG14552, CG12561 merged as CG32474 in release 3 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
Other Comments
	The ability of dys to inhibit cell migration and promote tracheal fusion requires the ability to bind DNA (removal of the basic domain removes this ability). (Jiang and Crews, 2006) RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells. (Boutros et al., 2004) dys is required for tracheal fusion events; it is required for dorsal branch, lateral trunk and ganglionic branch fusion but not for fusion of the dorsal trunk. (Jiang and Crews, 2003)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_170258 NM_001104465 NM_001104466 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_733137 NP_001097935 NP_001097936 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF56569 AAR85347 AB095028 ABW08775 ABW08776 AY484701 BAE53416 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 43174 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • A8JRD4 A8JRD5 Q2WGN8 Q6RZA5 Q9VBH3
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • PAS (IPR000014) PAS fold-3 (IPR013655) PAC motif (IPR001610) Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding (IPR011598)
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0039411 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0039411 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0039411 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG32474-RA;S.C3R002999;S.C3R002997 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0039411 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 43174 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL008129-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP003965-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_624744.2 Apis mellifera (honey bee) XP_001946075.1 Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid) 121518 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) BGIBMGA010167-PA Bombyx mori (silk worm) CN15144 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP36608 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) CE41867 Caenorhabditis elegans (worm) RP33911 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSDARP00000072616 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSGACP00000022552 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) 192742 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000311196 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW012137-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) ENSMODP00000037952 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000021022 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) XP_001606151.1 Nasonia vitripennis (wasp) ENSORLP00000002491 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) PHUM000689-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) ENSPPYP00000003503 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) ENSPTRP00000006758 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) ENSTNIP00000019937 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) ENSTRUP00000029962 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /sturtevant/dysfusion1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 43174 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0039411 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • NV12747 LH17601 ISCW012137 FBgn0228491 FBgn0214804 FBgn0210413 FBgn0189686 FBgn0165145 JGI_V11_107367 JGI_V11_107368 FBgn0076945 FBgn0159602 FBgn0145626 FBgn0125605 FBgn0104489 FBgn0093527 CPIJ007266 CPIJ007265 CPIJ007264 BGIBMGA010206 BGIBMGA010167 ACYPI005120 GB13740 AGAP003965 AAEL008129 PB20227 PHUM613230 GLEAN_13566
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 13 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG12561 (Peyrefitte et al., 2001, Ledent and Vervoort, 2001, Jiang and Crews, 2003) CG14552 (Jiang and Crews, 2003) CG14553 (Jiang and Crews, 2003) CG14554 (Boutros et al., 2004, Yamamoto et al., 2009.2.25, Jiang and Crews, 2003) CG32474 (Ooe et al., 2007, Perkins et al., 2009.3.31, Jiang and Crews, 2003, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Ni et al., 2011.7.19) dNXFL (Ooe, 2002.10.30, Ooe et al., 2007) Dys (Jiang and Crews, 2005, Ooe et al., 2007, Jiang et al., 2007, Laplante et al., 2010, Chung et al., 2009) dys (Cook, 2006.9.19, Cook, 2006.8.29, Hoskins et al., 2005, Crews, 2007.1.6, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Jiang and Crews, 2007, Araujo et al., 2007, Jiang and Crews, 2003, Yamamoto et al., 2009.2.25) NXFL (Ooe et al., 2007)
Name Synonym	cranky (Jiang and Crews, 2002.1.5, Ooe et al., 2007) Dysfusion (Jiang and Crews, 2005, Mortimer and Moberg, 2007, Crews and Brenman, 2006, Mortimer and Moberg, 2007, Jiang et al., 2007, Laplante et al., 2010, Chung et al., 2009) dysfusion (Jiang and Crews, 2003, Jiang and Crews, 2006, Ooe et al., 2007, Araujo et al., 2007, Jiang et al., 2010) NXF-like-factor (Ooe et al., 2007)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0039409 FBgn0039410 FBgn0039412
References ( 41 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 41 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 14 ) Supplementary material  ( 3 ) Review  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 13 ) Abstract  ( 3 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Jiang et al., 2010, Mech. Dev. 127(5-6): 265--280 Diverse modes of Drosophila tracheal fusion cell transcriptional regulation. [FBrf0210773] Laplante et al., 2010, Dev. Dyn. 239(9): 2509--2519 Echinoid regulates tracheal morphology and fusion cell fate in Drosophila. [FBrf0211771] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...