FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Socs36E
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Socs36E
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Suppressor of cytokine signaling at 36E
Annotation Symbol
CG15154
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0041184
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Suppressor of cytokine signaling at 36E (Socs36E) encodes a negative regulator of the JAK/STAT and EGFR pathways. It is a transcriptional target of the product of Stat92E that mediates lysosomal degradation following pathway stimulation and inhibits basal pathway activity. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 36E, Socs

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-53
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:18138675..18152417
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (17 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:dome; FB:FBgn0043903
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (15 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (13 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:bam; FB:FBgn0000158
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
involved_in long-term memory
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:sev; FB:FBgn0003366
inferred from direct assay
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:sev; FB:FBgn0003366
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008494619
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR036036
Cellular Component (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Suppressor of cytokine signaling at 36E (Socs36E) encodes a negative regulator of the JAK/STAT and EGFR pathways. It is a transcriptional target of the product of Stat92E that mediates lysosomal degradation following pathway stimulation and inhibits basal pathway activity. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21]
Pathway (FlyBase)
Negative Regulators of JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway -
Negative regulators of JAK-STAT signaling down-regulate the pathway, attenuating transcriptional control by Stat92E.
Negative Regulators of Sevenless Signaling Pathway -
Negative regulators of Sevenless signaling down-regulate the pathway, directing the presumptive R7 cell fate to that of a cone cell. (Adapted from FBrf0127283 and FBrf0221727).
Negative Regulators of EGFR Signaling Pathway -
Negative regulators of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on downstream effectors.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

inhibitor of JAK/STAT pathway, works vie a protein degradation pathway, cooperates with EGFR to regulate oncogenic transformation, optimizes motile cell specification in the ovary, regulator of niche competition in the testis, regulated by Histone demethylase

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Socs36E for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8INY1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.51

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Stop-codon suppression (UAG) postulated; FBrf0216884.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0081040
3503
633
FBtr0329927
3334
633
FBtr0329928
3503
737
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0080593
68.9
633
7.39
FBpp0302960
80.3
737
6.85
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

633 aa isoforms: Socs36E-PA, Socs36E-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Socs36E using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.91

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
dorsal ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

ventral ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
organism

Comment: paper states 2-24 hr AEL; expression weak after 12 hr AEL

Additional Descriptive Data

Expression of Socs36E in wild-type embryos is higher on the inside of the hindgut curve.

Socs36E and twi are expressed in a complementary pattern in the dorsal mesoderm in stage 10 embryos.

Socs36E transcript is expressed in a striped pattern similar to that of os through germ band extension. During oogenesis, Socs36E transcript is expressed in the polar follicle cells, and in the follicle cells near the polar follicle cells.

The 2.5 kb Socs36E transcript is observed in S2 cultured cells but not in vivo. Strong transcript expression is observed from embryonic stage 5 through stage 15 (2-13 hrs AEL). Weak expression is observed from late stage 15 through stage 17, and faint expression is observed in third instar larvae and in pupae. Early embryonic expression is observed in dorsal/ventral stripes. By stage 9, these stripes are mesodermal and segmentally repeated.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

Socs36E protein is highly expressed in cyst cells in the testis.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
follicle cell

Comment: anterior and posterior follicle cells

Reporter: P{PZ}Socs36EPZ1647
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Socs36E in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 18 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 16 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Socs36E
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Socs36E
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (43)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
8 of 14
No
Yes
1  
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
0  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
3  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
7  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (36)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
8 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (35)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
8 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (37)
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (45)
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
8 of 14
No
Yes
7 of 14
No
Yes
6 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (9)
2 of 14
Yes
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (16)
3 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Socs36E. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (11)
5 of 13
5 of 13
2 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show/hide secondary interactors 
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
esyN Network Key:
Suppression
Enhancement
Other Interaction Browsers

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
External Data
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
FlyBase
External Links
External Data
Linkouts
Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
Class of Gene
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2L
Recombination map
2-53
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
36E6-36E6
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Aac11k06710 and P{EP}CG10413EP2164
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (18)
Genomic Clones (20)
cDNA Clones (56)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     

    polyclonal

    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        Somatic Socs36E non-autonomously regulates the self-renewal of germline stem cells in the testis.

        Socs36E suppresses JAK/STAT signalling in somatic cyst progenitor cells in the testis, preventing them from out-competing the germline stem cells.

        Socs36E acts as an attenuator of sev signaling in the developing eye.

        dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene used in a cell-based RNAi assay to identify components or modifiers of the JAK/STAT pathway.

        Treatment of S2-derived S2-NP cells with dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against Socs36E results in a 3-fold increase in JAK/STAT activity.

        dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: Socs36E anon- EST:Liang-2.2

        Source for merge of: Socs36E CG15154

        Additional comments
        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of

        Source for identity of: Socs36E Socs

        Nomenclature comments
        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (24)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        Socs36E
        (Balakireva et al., 2024, Eslahi et al., 2024, Hersperger et al., 2024, Luo et al., 2024, Nigg et al., 2024, Arias-Rojas et al., 2023, Aromolaran et al., 2023, Floc'hlay et al., 2023, Heigwer et al., 2023, Khan et al., 2023, Li et al., 2023, Neophytou et al., 2023, Benoit et al., 2022, He et al., 2022, Liu et al., 2022, National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Shen et al., 2022, Tian et al., 2022, Xu et al., 2022, Ahmed-Braimah et al., 2021, Bonfini et al., 2021, Buhlman et al., 2021, Ferguson et al., 2021, Vidaurre and Chen, 2021, Wang et al., 2021, Yamashita et al., 2021, Ågren et al., 2020, Ahmed et al., 2020, Cho et al., 2020, Fast et al., 2020, Feuillette et al., 2020, Hao et al., 2020, Shi et al., 2020, Wei et al., 2020, Herrera and Bach, 2019, Houtz et al., 2019, Moskalev et al., 2019, Nelson et al., 2019, Sanuki et al., 2019, Si et al., 2019, Singh et al., 2019, Troha and Buchon, 2019, Wang et al., 2019, Wittes and Schüpbach, 2019, Bazzi et al., 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, La Fortezza et al., 2018, Kline et al., 2017, Takemura and Nakato, 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Zhou et al., 2017, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Hoi et al., 2016, Kučerová et al., 2016, Monahan and Starz-Gaiano, 2016, Crona et al., 2015, Dorn and Dorn, 2015, Hamilton et al., 2015, Kavi et al., 2015, Kohlmaier et al., 2015, Merkling et al., 2015, Ren et al., 2015, Woodcock et al., 2015, Zhang et al., 2015, Zhou et al., 2015, Chabu and Xu, 2014, Chen et al., 2014, Cordero et al., 2014, Fernando et al., 2014, Guo et al., 2014, Huang et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014, Markstein et al., 2014, Morelli et al., 2014, Salazar-Jaramillo et al., 2014, Taylor et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Bausek, 2013, Gunawan et al., 2013, Hombría and Serras, 2013, Hombría and Sotillos, 2013, Mbodj et al., 2013, Monahan and Starz-Gaiano, 2013, Morin-Poulard et al., 2013, Schertel et al., 2013, Wells et al., 2013, Zoranovic et al., 2013, Chakrabarti et al., 2012, Grönholm et al., 2012, Herranz et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Lim et al., 2012, Matunis et al., 2012, Osman et al., 2012, Rincon-Arano et al., 2012, Zoller and Schulz, 2012, Copf et al., 2011, de Cuevas and Matunis, 2011, Friedman et al., 2011, Friedman et al., 2011, Issigonis and Matunis, 2011, Jiang et al., 2011, Johnson et al., 2011, Jungreis et al., 2011, Kuraishi et al., 2011, Almudi et al., 2010, Buchon et al., 2010, Colodner and Feany, 2010, Almudi et al., 2009, Buchon et al., 2009, Buchon et al., 2009, Iovino et al., 2009, Jiang et al., 2009, Bach et al., 2007, Baeg et al., 2007, Kula-Eversole and Hatini, 2007, Nurminsky, 2007, Pal et al., 2007, Ma et al., 2006, Wawersik et al., 2005, Rawlings et al., 2004)
        anon-EST:Liang-2.2
        Name Synonyms
        Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 36E
        Suppressor of cytokine signaling
        Suppressor of cytokine signaling 36E
        suppressor of cytokine signaling
        suppressor of cytokine signaling 36E
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0025963
        • FBgn0032667
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 55 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
        MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
        SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
        References (263)