FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Atx2

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Atx2

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Ataxin-2

Annotation Symbol

CG5166

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0041188

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

12 publicly available

Gene Snapshot

Ataxin-2 (Atx2) encodes the ortholog of human gene ATXN2, which is implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia 2. It contributes to eye development, circadian behaviour, and microRNA function. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]

Other Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

dAtx2, Atx-2, l(3)06490, Sca2, dSCA2

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

88F4-88F4

Sequence location

3R:15,408,423..15,417,277 [+]

Recombination map

3-57

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:15408423..15417277

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

GBrowse JBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (23 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:tyf; FB:FBgn0026083

(Zhang et al., 2013)

RNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

RNA binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000304339

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Biological Process (18 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (16 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

chaeta development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Satterfield et al., 2002)

circadian regulation of translation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lim and Allada, 2013)

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:tyf; FB:FBgn0026083

(Lim and Allada, 2013)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:per; FB:FBgn0003068

(Zhang et al., 2013)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:tyf; FB:FBgn0026083

(Zhang et al., 2013)

compound eye development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Satterfield et al., 2002)

compound eye photoreceptor development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lessing and Bonini, 2008)

habituation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sudhakaran et al., 2014, McCann et al., 2011)

locomotor rhythm

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lim and Allada, 2013, Zhang et al., 2013)

long-term memory

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018, Sudhakaran et al., 2014)

negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA

inferred from mutant phenotype

(McCann et al., 2011)

oocyte differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Satterfield et al., 2002)

positive regulation of neuron death

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lessing and Bonini, 2008)

positive regulation of protein binding

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Zhang et al., 2013)

positive regulation of stress granule assembly

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018)

regulation of actin filament polymerization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Satterfield et al., 2002)

regulation of olfactory learning

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sudhakaran et al., 2014, McCann et al., 2011)

regulation of synapse structural plasticity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(McCann et al., 2011)

NOT short-term memory

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sudhakaran et al., 2014)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA processing body assembly

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000304339

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

stress granule assembly

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000304339

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Cellular Component (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

cytoplasm

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Sarov et al., 2016)

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProt )

(Satterfield et al., 2002)

cytoplasmic stress granule

inferred from direct assay

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018)

ribonucleoprotein granule

inferred from direct assay

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

cytoplasmic stress granule

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000304339

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the ataxin-2 family. (Q8SWR8)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

RNA binding protein that regulates various processes including circadian behaviors, actin filament formation, eye development and oocyte formation (PubMed:12524342, PubMed:28388438). Forms a complex with tyf and pAbp which functions in adult circadian pacemaker neurons to sustain circadian rhythms likely by switching between activator and repressor modes of post-transcriptional regulation via interaction with Lsm12a or me31B (PubMed:28388438). Forms an activator complex (Atx2-tyf activator complex) via association with Lsm12a and activates the TYF-dependent translation of per to maintain 24 hour periodicity in circadian locomotor behaviors (PubMed:28388438). Forms a repressor complex (Atx2-Not1 repressor complex) via the me31B-dependent association with Not1 to promote Not1-dependent post-transcriptional gene silencing and support high-amplitude circadian rhythms in a per-independent manner (PubMed:28388438). Regulates actin filament formation, though it does not directly assemble with actin filaments (PubMed:12524342). Required for oocyte specification and oocyte positioning in the female germline (PubMed:12524342). Also required for normal eye development and bristle morphology (PubMed:12524342).

(UniProt, Q8SWR8)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Atx2 or the JBrowse view of Dmel\Atx2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.53

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

gene_with_edited_transcript

(Rodriguez et al., 2012, Graveley et al., 2011, Stapleton et al., 2006)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Atx2-RA

FBtr0083101

NM_142209

4323

888

Atx2-RB

FBtr0083099

NM_169657

4533

1084

Atx2-RC

FBtr0083100

NM_169658

4999

1023

Atx2-RD

FBtr0344377

NM_001300410

4935

1023

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Atx2-PA

FBpp0082557

96.7

888

8.89

NP_650466

AAF55196

Atx2-PB

FBpp0082555

117.6

1084

9.25

NP_732033

AAN13663

Atx2-PC

FBpp0082556

111.4

1023

8.15

NP_732034

AAN13664

Atx2-PD

FBpp0310750

111.4

1023

8.15

NP_001287339

AHN57338

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

1023 aa isoforms: Atx2-PC, Atx2-PD

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer (PubMed:28388438). In the circadian pacemaker neurons, core component of the Atx2-tyf activator complex composed of at least Atx2, tyf, pAbp, Lsm12a (PubMed:28388438). In the circadian pacemaker neurons, also a core component of the Atx2-Not1 repressor complex composed of at least Atx2, tyf, pAbp, me31B (PubMed:28388438). Interacts (via PAM2 motif) with pAbp (PubMed:28388438). Interacts (via N-terminus) with tyf independently of pAbp (PubMed:28388438). Forms a subcomplex composed of Atx2 and pAbP which can associate with the 5' cap of pre-mRNAs independently of tyf, Lsm12a or me31B (PubMed:28388438). Interacts with Lsm12a and me31B (PubMed:28388438).

(UniProt, Q8SWR8)

Domain

The PAM2 motif, and therefore interaction with pAbp, is essential for binding to the 5' cap of pre-mRNAs.

(UniProt, Q8SWR8)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Atx2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult brain | restricted

(Zhang et al., 2013)

l-LNv neuron

(Zhang et al., 2013)

LNd neuron

(Zhang et al., 2013)

DN1 neuron

(Zhang et al., 2013)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

cytoplasm

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Sarov et al., 2016)

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProt )

(Satterfield et al., 2002)

cytoplasmic stress granule

inferred from direct assay

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018)

ribonucleoprotein granule

inferred from direct assay

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Atx2 in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Atx2

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Atx2

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0041188

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0041188

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG5166-RB

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG5166

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0041188

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 11 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 25 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Atx2

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Atx2

Deletions and Duplications ( 4 )

Disrupted in

Df(3R)ED5705

(Ryder and Roote, 2004.11.10)

Df(3R)Exel6174

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(3R)Po4

(Satterfield et al., 2002)

Df(3R)sbd105

(Spradling et al., 1999)

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal

Atx2^GD11562

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PB

Atx2^UAS.cSa

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

Atx2^UAS.cSa

lethal (with Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰)

Atx2^X1

lethal (with Atx2^X1)

Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

lethal | recessive

Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

lethal | recessive, with Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^EP3022

lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Atx2^GD11562

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Atx2^GD11562

partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Atx2^UAS.cSa

partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4^hs.PB

Atx2^UAS.cSa

viable, with Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^EP3145

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Atx2^GD11562

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

Atx2^GD11562

Sterility

Allele

female sterile | germline clone

female sterile | germline clone, with Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^EP3022

Other Phenotypes

Allele

circadian behavior defective, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

circadian behavior defective, with Scer\GAL4^tim.PE

Atx2^KK100423

circadian rhythm defective | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

Atx2^{ΔPAM2.UAS.Tag:FLAG}

decreased cell number | conditional, with Scer\GAL4^ninaE.PD

Atx2^UAS.cSa

increased cell death | somatic clone

Atx2^X1

learning defective, with Scer\GAL4^GH146

Atx2^GD11562

learning defective, with Scer\GAL4^GH146, Scer\GAL80^ts.αTub84B

Atx2^GD11562

learning defective, with Scer\GAL4^VPN

Atx2^GD11562

learning defective | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^NP1227, Scer\GAL80^ts.αTub84B

Atx2^GD11562

locomotor rhythm defective, with Scer\GAL4^Mz520

Atx2^KK100423

locomotor rhythm defective, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

Atx2^KK100423

memory defective | adult stage

memory defective | adult stage, with Atx2^X1/Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

memory defective | adult stage (with Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰), with Atx2^ΔcIDR

Atx2^X1

memory defective | adult stage (with Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰), with Atx2^ΔmIDR

Atx2^X1

memory defective | adult stage (with Atx2^X1), with Atx2^ΔcIDR

Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

memory defective | adult stage (with Atx2^X1), with Atx2^ΔmIDR

Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

neuroanatomy defective | adult stage | somatic clone

Atx2^X1

neuroanatomy defective | larval stage

Atx2^GD11562

some die during larval stage | recessive

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Atx2^GD11562

uncoordinated, with Atx2^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^X1

uncoordinated, with Atx2^X1, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^UAS.cSa

uncoordinated, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Atx2^UAS.cSa

visible, with Atx2^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^X1

visible, with Atx2^X1, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^UAS.cSa

visible, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

visible, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

Atx2^UAS.cSa

visible | somatic clone

visible | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^EP3022

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult antennal lobe projection neuron | somatic clone

Atx2^X1

adult thorax & chaeta, with Atx2^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^X1

adult thorax & chaeta, with Atx2^X1, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^UAS.cSa

border follicle cell | germline clone

Atx2^X1

eye, with Atx2^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^X1

eye, with Atx2^X1, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^UAS.cSa

eye, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

eye | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

eye | somatic clone

eye | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^EP3022

eye disc, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

Atx2^UAS.cSa

eye disc | somatic clone

Atx2^X1

eye photoreceptor cell | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

Atx2^UAS.cSa

head, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PB

Atx2^UAS.cSa

interommatidial bristle | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

larval neuroblast | larval stage

Atx2^GD11562

macrochaeta | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^sca-109-68

Atx2^{UAS.Tag:NLS(SV40-largeT),Tag:FLAG}

nurse cell & actin filament | germ-line clone

Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

nurse cell & nucleus | germ-line clone

Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

nurse cell | germline clone

ommatidium, with Atx2^UAS.cSa, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^X1

ommatidium, with Atx2^X1, Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^UAS.cSa

ommatidium | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

ommatidium | somatic clone

Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

ommatidium | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4^- :

Atx2^EP3022

oocyte | germline clone

photoreceptor | conditional, with Scer\GAL4^ninaE.PD

Atx2^UAS.cSa

retina, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

Atx2^ΔC1.UAS

retina | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

Atx2^UAS.cSa

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (2)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\ATXN2L

10 of 15

Yes

Hsap\ATXN2

9 of 15

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Atxn2l

9 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Atxn2

9 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Maml1

1 of 15

Yes

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)

Rnor\Atxn2

9 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Atxn2l

8 of 13

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)

Xtro\atxn2l

5 of 12

Yes

Xtro\atxn2

5 of 12

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)

Drer\atxn2l

10 of 15

Yes

Drer\atxn2

9 of 15

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

Cele\atx-2

8 of 15

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (4)

Atha\CID3

3 of 9

Yes

Atha\CID4

3 of 9

Yes

Atha\AT4G26990

1 of 9

Yes

Atha\AT5G54920

1 of 9

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)

Scer\PBP1

6 of 15

Yes

Scer\AIM3

1 of 15

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\SPBC21B10.03c

3 of 12

Yes

Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091908AH )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA18704

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL24477

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK11664

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ22880

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI23221

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH19076

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091502HF )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Musca domestica

House fly

Mdoa\17017010

Glossina morsitans

Tsetse fly

Gmor\GMOY000539

Lucilia cuprina

Australian sheep blowfly

Lcup\FF38_07650

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes017470

Anopheles darlingi

American malaria mosquito

Adar\ADAC007759

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP013455

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ012359

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W029Q )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS207099-PA

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2417176742

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB55453

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP20455

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Bter\15203417

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH10748

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH10746

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:000af7

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG004164

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_08343

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\GLEAN_14868

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM213790

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\ataxin-2

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC001053

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI004961

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_05482

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0277 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR001786

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR009297

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR008831

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW011365

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM71103.1

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM77427.1

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur18g02380

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_198276

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G02M9 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Sca2L

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)

No records found.

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

spinocerebellar ataxia 2

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

ATXN2; ataxin 2

model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of late onset Parkinson's disease

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 9 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰

ameliorates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN7^{102Q.T.UAS.Tag:NLS(SV40-largeT)}

(Latouche et al., 2007)

ameliorates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

modeled by Hsap\SS18L1^UAS.cKa

(Park et al., 2019)

Atx2^EP3145

exacerbates tauopathy

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^V337M.UAS

(Shulman and Feany, 2003)

exacerbates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82.UAS

(Ghosh and Feany, 2004, Shulman and Feany, 2003)

modeled by Hsap\ATXN3^{tr.Q78.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Ghosh and Feany, 2004)

exacerbates neurodegenerative disease

modeled by Zzzz\CAG^{127Q.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Ghosh and Feany, 2004)

exacerbates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

modeled by Hsap\TARDBP^UAS.cEa

(Elden et al., 2010)

Atx2^UAS.cSa

exacerbates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN3^{tr.Q78.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Lessing and Bonini, 2008, Ghosh and Feany, 2004)

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82.UAS

(Ghosh and Feany, 2004)

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Al-Ramahi et al., 2007)

exacerbates neurodegenerative disease

modeled by Zzzz\CAG^{127Q.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Ghosh and Feany, 2004)

Atx2^X1

ameliorates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN3^{tr.Q78.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Lessing and Bonini, 2008)

ameliorates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

modeled by Hsap\TARDBP^UAS.cEa

(Elden et al., 2010)

Atx2^HMS01392

ameliorates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^Q128.UAS

(Xu et al., 2019)

Atx2^KK100423

ameliorates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^Q128.UAS

(Xu et al., 2019)

Atx2^UAS.Tag:FLAG

exacerbates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^Q128.UAS

(Xu et al., 2019)

Atx2^{ΔPAM2.UAS.Tag:FLAG}

ameliorates Machado-Joseph disease

modeled by Hsap\ATXN3^{tr.Q78.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Xu et al., 2019)

Atx2^HMS02726

ameliorates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^Q128.UAS

(Xu et al., 2019)

ameliorates Machado-Joseph disease

modeled by Hsap\ATXN3^{tr.Q78.UAS.Tag:HA}

(Xu et al., 2019)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

ATXN2L; ataxin 2 like

10 of 15

607931

ATXN2; ataxin 2

9 of 15

601517

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

Atx2

aggregation assay, molecular weight estimation by staining

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018)

Atx2 - AGO1

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - CG10077

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - CG6701

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - CG7903

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - Dhx15

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - Fmr1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Sudhakaran et al., 2014)

Atx2 - Larp4B

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - Lsm12a

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation

(Hu et al., 2017.6.13, Lee et al., 2017)

Atx2 - Map205

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - Not1

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Lee et al., 2017)

Atx2 - Syp

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - Tdrd3

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - kel

proximity-dependent biotin identification, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Mannix et al., 2019)

Atx2 - me31B

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation

(Lee et al., 2017)

Atx2 - nito

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - pAbp

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, cosedimentation through density gradient

(Lee et al., 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013, Satterfield and Pallanck, 2006)

Atx2 - qkr54B

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - qkr58E-3

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Atx2 - rictor

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Atx2 - tyf

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based

(Lee et al., 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Guruharsha et al., 2011)

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

Atx2 - CaMKII

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr

(Sudhakaran et al., 2014)

Atx2 - Clk

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Lee et al., 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013)

Atx2 - Gapdh1

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr

(Zhang et al., 2013)

Atx2 - Pdp1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, primer specific pcr

(Lee et al., 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013)

Atx2 - cry

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr

(Zhang et al., 2013)

Atx2 - cwo

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr

(Lim and Allada, 2013)

Atx2 - cyc

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Lee et al., 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013)

Atx2 - per

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Lee et al., 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013, Zhang et al., 2013)

Atx2 - sgg

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr

(Zhang et al., 2013)

Atx2 - slmb

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr

(Zhang et al., 2013)

Atx2 - tim

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, primer specific pcr, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Lee et al., 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013, Zhang et al., 2013)

Atx2 - vri

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr, primer specific pcr

(Lee et al., 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Atx2

suppressible

pAbp

(Lessing and Bonini, 2008)

Atx2

suppressible

per

(Zhang et al., 2013)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

enhanceable

(Sun et al., 2006)

enhanceable

(Sun et al., 2006)

enhanceable

(Lee et al., 2017)

enhanceable

(Lee et al., 2017)

enhanceable

(Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, Q8SWR8 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

66945

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0041188

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

41883

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Atx2

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Atx2

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-57

Cytogenetic map

88F4-88F4

Sequence location

3R:15,408,423..15,417,277 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

88F4-88F4

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}MRG15^j6A3 and P{PZ}l(3)06536⁰⁶⁵³⁶

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

88F-89A1

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Pallanck, 2000.3.3)

88F7-88F8

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-57

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-56.6

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (12)

Bloomington

76955

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TKO.GS00686}attP40

77320

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TOE.GS01982}attP40

44012

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS02726}attP40

67878

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS05727}attP40

11688

ry⁵⁰⁶ P{PZ}Atx2⁰⁶⁴⁹⁰/TM3, ry^RK Sb¹ Ser¹

36114

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS01392}attP2/TM3, Sb¹

FlyORF

F001277

M{UAS-Atx2.ORF}ZH-86Fb

F001031

M{UAS-Atx2.ORF.3xHA}ZH-86Fb

VDRC

v108843

P{KK100423}VIE-260B

v34955

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD11562}v34955

v34956

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD11562}v34956

v318492

PBac{fTRG00178.sfGFP-TVPTBF}VK00033

Genomic Clones (11)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (66)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0041188

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0041188

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

41883

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018, Lee et al., 2017, Vianna et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2013)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Atx2 l(3)06490 BEST:GH27029

(Satterfield et al., 2002)

Source for merge of: Atx2 CG5166

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for merge of: Atx2 anon-WO0118547.351 anon-WO0140519.1

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for merge of: Atx2 anon- EST:fe2E1

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Additional comments

Source for merge of Atx2 CG5166 was a shared cDNA ( date:030206 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for merge of Atx2 anon-WO0118547.351 anon-WO0140519.1 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for merge of Atx2 anon- EST:fe2E1 was sequence comparison ( date:030620 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Other Comments

S2 cells treated with dsRNA generated against this gene show reduced phagocytosis of Candida albicans compared to untreated cells.

(Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006)

RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R⁺ cells.

(Boutros et al., 2004)

Area matching Drosophila EST AI062939.

(Davies, 2001.3.15)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 70 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

41883

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q8SWR8

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

A0A0B4LH64

Other crossreferences

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0041188

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0041188

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG5166

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0041188

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

41883

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC014868

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG5166

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0041188

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

66945

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0041188

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0041188

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0041188

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG5166-RB

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0041188

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0041188

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

41883

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Atx2

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Atx2

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (29)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

ATX2

(Du et al., 2018, Tataroglu and Emery, 2015, Lim and Allada, 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Latouche et al., 2007, Sofola et al., 2007, Satterfield and Pallanck, 2006)

Atx-2

(Golovin and Broadie, 2016, Costa et al., 2013, Das et al., 2013)

Atxain-2

(Zhang et al., 2010)

BEST:GH27029

CG43368

(Xu et al., 2015)

CG5166

(Kolkhof et al., 2017, Hosono et al., 2015, Costa et al., 2013, Schertel et al., 2013, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Müller et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Bier, 2005, Boutros et al., 2004, Ghosh and Feany, 2004, Huntley and Golding, 2004, Driscoll and Gerstbrein, 2003, Driscoll and Gerstbrein, 2003, Shulman and Feany, 2003)

CG5166a

(Ruby et al., 2007)

DAtx2

(Del Castillo et al., 2019)

Datx2

(Jackson et al., 2002, Satterfield et al., 2002)

GH27029

(Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)

SCA2

(Kumar, 2000)

Sca2

(Pallanck, 2000.3.3)

anon-EST:fe2E1

anon-WO0118547.351

anon-WO0140519.1

atx-2

(Costa et al., 2013)

atx2

(Bakthavachalu et al., 2018, Zhang et al., 2018, Sudhakaran et al., 2014, Lessing and Bonini, 2008, Lessing and Bonini, 2007, Sofola et al., 2007, Lessing and Bonini, 2006, Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006)

dAtx2

(Park et al., 2019, Vianna et al., 2016, McGurk et al., 2015, Bonini and Gitler, 2011, Al-Ramahi et al., 2007)

dSCA2

(Satterfield and Pallanck, 2001, Greene et al., 2000)

l(3)06490

(Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Name Synonyms

ATAXIN-2

(Dubowy and Sehgal, 2017, Lim and Allada, 2013, Zhang et al., 2013)

Ataxin 2

(Ghosh and Feany, 2004)

Ataxin-2

(McGurk et al., 2015, Xu et al., 2015, Sudhakaran et al., 2014, Toret et al., 2014, Costa et al., 2013, Lawlor et al., 2011, Yu et al., 2011, Tountas and Fortini, 2007, Greene et al., 2000)

Ataxin2

(Xu et al., 2019)

Dataxin-2

(Sun et al., 2006)

anon-fast-evolving-2E1

ataxin-2

(Moskalev et al., 2018, Vianna et al., 2016, Bonini and Gitler, 2011, Lawlor et al., 2011, Lessing and Bonini, 2006)

dAtaxin-2

(Al-Ramahi et al., 2007)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0010892
FBgn0025221
FBgn0038338
FBgn0044786
FBgn0062074
FBgn0063367

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

References (116)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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