FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Gr43a

GUSTATORY RECEPTORS -: The Gustatory receptors are a divergent group of (non-GPCR) seven-transmembrane chemoreceptors that are expressed in gustatory sensilla receptor neurons. They detect tastants (non-volatile compounds) via contact chemosensation. (Adapted from FBrf0208984).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Gustatory receptor which mediates acceptance or avoidance behavior, depending on its substrates. Gr43a is the main sugar receptor in larvae. Functions as a narrowly tuned fructose receptor in taste neurons but also as a fructose receptor in the brain. Necessary and sufficient to sense hemolymph fructose and promote feeding in hungry flies but suppress feeding in satiated flies.

(UniProt, Q9V4K2)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

nutrient sensor for hemolymph fructose - promotes feeding in hungry flies but suppresses feeding in satiated flies

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Gr43a or the JBrowse view of Dmel\Gr43a for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Annotation based on personal communication from Hugh Robertson (FBrf0159825).

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Gr43a-RA

FBtr0089014

NM_078926

1449

427

Gr43a-RB

FBtr0110820

NM_001043066

1515

449

Gr43a-RC

FBtr0344883

NM_001299229

1527

453

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Gr43a-PA

FBpp0088086

47.6

427

9.65

NP_523650

AAF59268

Gr43a-PB

FBpp0110117

49.9

449

9.71

NP_001036531

ABI31082

Gr43a-PC

FBpp0311196

50.4

453

9.79

NP_001286158

AHN55956

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

7TM chemoreceptor

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Gr43a using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Gr43a_1

Linkouts

Gene Ontology (12 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

sweet taste receptor activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Freeman et al., 2014, Miyamoto et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

sweet taste receptor activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002721890

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

taste receptor activity

non-traceable author statement

(assigned by UniProt )

(Dunipace et al., 2001, Clyne et al., 2000)

Biological Process (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

adult feeding behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Miyamoto et al., 2012)

cellular response to fructose stimulus

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Miyamoto et al., 2012)

regulation of appetite

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Miyamoto et al., 2012)

regulation of feeding behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Miyamoto et al., 2012)

sensory perception of sweet taste

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Freeman et al., 2014, Mishra et al., 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

sensory perception of taste

non-traceable author statement

(assigned by UniProt )

(Dunipace et al., 2001, Clyne et al., 2000)

Cellular Component (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

axon

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000475107

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

dendrite

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000475107

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

integral component of membrane

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR013604

(assigned by InterPro )

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

non-traceable author statement

(assigned by UniProt )

(Dunipace et al., 2001, Clyne et al., 2000)

neuronal cell body

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000475107

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{Gr43a-GAL4.0.5}

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

gustatory receptor neuron of the epiphysis

(Kwon et al., 2011)

embryonic/larval subesophageal ganglion

(Kwon et al., 2011)

larval gustatory receptor neuron of the epiphysis DP4

(Choi et al., 2016)

Reporter: P{Gr43a-GAL4.5.3}

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

gustatory receptor neuron of the epiphysis

(Kwon et al., 2011)

embryonic/larval subesophageal ganglion

(Kwon et al., 2011)

adult stage

S cell | subset of prothoracic tarsal segment 5

(Ling et al., 2014)

S cell | subset of mesothoracic tarsal segment 5

(Ling et al., 2014)

S cell | subset of metathoracic tarsal segment 5

(Ling et al., 2014)

Reporter: TI{GAL4}Gr43a^GAL4

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

Reporter: TI{lexA::VP16}Gr43a^LEXA

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

prothoracic leg taste bristle chemosensory neuron | subset of tarsal segment 5

(Fujii et al., 2015)

S cell | subset of prothoracic leg taste bristle chemosensory neuron

(Fujii et al., 2015)

posterior superior lateral protocerebrum | restricted

(Fujii et al., 2015)

adult brain | restricted

(Fujii et al., 2015)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Gr43a in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Gr43a

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Gr43a

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0041243

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0041243

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG1712-RA

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0041243

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Gr43a

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Gr43a

Deletions and Duplications ( 0 )

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Gr43a^GD599

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Gr43a^GD599

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Gr43a^GD599

Other Phenotypes

Allele

feeding behavior defective

Gr43a^GAL4

taste perception defective, with Scer\GAL4^Gr21a.9.323, Scer\GAL4^Gr63a.PF

Gr43a^UAS.cFa

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

prothoracic leg taste bristle chemosensory neuron

Gr43a^GAL4

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)

Homo sapiens (Human) (0)

No records found.

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)

No records found.

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)

No records found.

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)

No records found.

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)

No records found.

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (5)

Cele\gur-3

2 of 15

Yes

Cele\egl-47

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\gur-4

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\gur-5

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\lite-1

1 of 15

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

No records found.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

No records found.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

No records found.

Orthologs in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0919087B )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila melanogaster

fruit fly

Dmel\Gr43a

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\Gr43a

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL10939

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK22017

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ20557

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI20824

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH20741

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091505F6 )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Musca domestica

House fly

Mdoa\17022870

Musca domestica

House fly

Mdoa\17022868

Lucilia cuprina

Australian sheep blowfly

Lcup\FF38_09344

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes019032

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes003812

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\Gr34

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\Gr25

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\Gr20

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W05BK )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA013176

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS212736-PA

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS201787-PA

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL005708

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2215878244

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\GB40382

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP24049

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Bter\15208322

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH19341

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:000947

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG037196

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TcGr20

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TcGr28

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TcGr23

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\GLEAN_15409

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TcGr26

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC033314

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TcGr21

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM244030

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM037560

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC001549

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC025012

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC025166-PD

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC025341

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI46774

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI32050

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI31491

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI081843

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_18929

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_18842

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_18815

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_18932

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_18926

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_18927

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X057S )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR015128

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR002771

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR014759

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW010566

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW022395

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW023798

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW002158

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW003213

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW014146

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM69967.1

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur18g03721

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur09g06809

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur08g00840

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_318197

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_315056

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_346847

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_327106

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_331121

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_346843

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )

No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v7.1)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (54)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

2 of 10

2 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

1 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v7.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Gr61a

enhanceable

Gr43a

(Miyamoto et al., 2012)

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0041243

Pathways

Gene Group - Pathway Membership (FlyBase)

External Data

Linkouts

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-56

Cytogenetic map

43B2-43B2

Sequence location

2R:7,390,869..7,393,161 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

43B2-43B2

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}cos^k16101 and P{EP}CG1600^EP398

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-56

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-56.4

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (5)

Bloomington

57636

w^*; P{Gr43a-GAL4.0.5}9; Dr¹/TM3, Sb¹

83280

y¹ w^*; TI{CRIMIC.TG4.2}Gr43a^{CR01353-TG4.2}

64881

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMC05754}attP40

VDRC

v107681

P{KK113182}VIE-260B

v39518

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD599}v39518

Genomic Clones (17)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (9)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequences

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0041243

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0041243

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

35655

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Other Comments

Gr43a functions as a fructose receptor in taste neurons, and also in the brain. It is both necessary and sufficient to sense hemolymph fructose and promote feeding in hungry flies but suppress feeding in satiated flies.

(Miyamoto et al., 2012)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 32 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

35655

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9V4K2

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0041243

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0041243

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Gr43a_1

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0041243

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

35655

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

7TM chemoreceptor

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG1712

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0041243

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0041243

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0041243

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0041243

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG1712-RA

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0041243

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

43C.1

(Clyne et al., 2000)

43C1

(Dunipace et al., 2001)

CG1712

(Yurgel et al., 2019, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Robertson, 2003.6.18, Dunipace et al., 2001)

DmGr43a

(Robertson, 2005.7.22)

GR43C.1

GR43a

(Pavin et al., 2018, Miyamoto et al., 2013, Montell, 2013, Montell, 2009)

Gr43C1

(Scott and Axel, 2001.4.25, Scott et al., 2001)

gr43a

(Riveron et al., 2013)

Name Synonyms

Gustatory receptor 43C.1

(Clyne et al., 2000)

Gustatory receptor 43a

(Robertson, 2001.11.11)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0033161

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

References (71)

Report Sections

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