• Home
• Tools
  • Tools Overview
  • Query Tools

    
    • QuickSearch
    • QueryBuilder
    • TermLink
    • CytoSearch
    • RNA-Seq Search
    • Interactions Browser
    • ImageBrowse
    • Find A Person
    • Google™ FlyBase
  • Genomic/Map Tools

    
    • BLAST
    • GBrowse
    • GBrowse 2 Beta
    • CytoSearch
    • Feature Mapper
    • Aberrations Maps
    • Chromosome Maps
    • Coordinates Converter
  • Retrieve/Convert

    
    • Batch Download
    • Coordinates Converter
    • ID Converter
  • Data Submission

    
    • Fast-Track Your Paper
    • Submit Personal Comm
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
  • People

    
    • Find A Person
    • Add A New Person
    • Update Person Info
• Files
  • Files Overview
  • Current release
  • Archived releases
  • Map Conversion
  • FTP site:
  • Releases (FTP)
  • Genomes (FTP)
• Species
  • Phylogeny
  • Sequenced Species
  • Synteny Table
  • Color Illustrations
  • Abbreviations
• Documents
  • About FlyBase
  • Reference Manual:
  • Sections
  • Contents
  • Nomenclature
  • Release Notes
• Resources
  • All Resources
  • Model Organisms
  • Stock Collections
  • Vectors & Constructs
  • Other links:
  • BDGP
  • DGRC
  • DIS by issue
  • FlyExpress
  • Interactive Fly
  • modENCODE
  • Textpresso for Fly
• News
  • News
  • FlyBase Forum
  • FlyBase Positions
  • Meetings
  • Courses
  • Fly Board
  • White papers
  • Funding
  • bionet.dros
• Help
  • Google™ FlyBase
  • Site Map
  • FAQs
  • FlyBase Guides
  • Video Tutorials
  • Report help
  • New to Flies
  • Pers. comm.
  • Author guidelines
  • Contact FlyBase
• Archives
  • Prior Release
  • Other Archives
  • Coordinate Converter

Gene Dmel\frc

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\frc	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	fringe connection	Annotation symbol	CG3874
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0042641
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	13 publicly available
Also Known As	l(3)02619, ust74C, l(3)00073
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	74B5-74C1	Sequence location	3L:17,422,036..17,426,290 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene fringe connection is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\frc (CG3874, FBgn0042641). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: UDP-galactose transmembrane transporter activity; UDP-glucuronic acid transmembrane transporter activity; antiporter activity; UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transmembrane transporter activity; UDP-glucose transmembrane transporter activity; UDP-xylose transmembrane transporter activity. There is experimental evidence for 11 unique biological process terms, many of which group under: single-organism developmental process; nitrogen compound transport; localization; pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar transport; multicellular organismal development; ion transport; system development; sensory organ development; embryonic pattern specification; organic anion transport. 21 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system subdivision; adult segment; organ system; external compound sense organ; postalar bristle; thoracic segment; acellular anatomical structure; peripheral nervous system; extended germ band embryo; embryonic/larval integumentary system. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Domain of unknown function DUF250. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-12 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. This gene is annotated by FlyBase as a dicistronic gene, meaning that some or all of its transcripts encode two or more polypeptide-coding open reading frames (ORFs) , with each ORF assigned to a different gene. The distribution of RNA-Seq coverage data amongst the different encoded genes cannot be determined. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult midgut, adult Malpighian tubules, adult salivary gland, inseminated spermatheca, adult male accessory gland. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, larval/adult carcass. Gene sequence location is 3L:17422036..17426290.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 74B5-74C1
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 74C1-74C2   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 74C1-74C2   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Perrimon et al., 1996) 74B4-74B5   74C1--2   (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\frc for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.46 gene_with_dicistronic_mRNA ; SO:0000722 EST RH08077 evidence suggests that may be a component of a multicistronic gene. Third ORF not entirely coded for by transcript due to absence of an intron.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) frc-RA FBtr0075228  NM_079402   1610   373 frc-RB FBtr0299820  NM_001144490   3871   373
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein frc-PA   FBpp0074990   41.2   373   9.34     NP_524126   AAF49343 frc-PB   FBpp0289098   41.2   373   9.34     NP_001137962   ACL83317
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Domain of unknown function DUF250 (IPR004853)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA140776   AA140777   AE014296 AAF49343   AB062677 BAB62105   AE014296 ACL83317   AI404373   AI533497   AQ026152   AQ026182   AQ026275   AQ073346   AX260043   AX260045   AY129459 AAM76201   BG639744   BI215278   BI572537   BI586992   BI588684   BI607471   BI616281   BI618963   BI620321   BI630043   BI631387   BI634815   BI639303   BT125707   CA807432   CO177590   CO269042   CO274088   CO286566   CO293005   CO316911   CO317992   CZ483170   CZ483171   EC078044   EC081017   EC208589   EC218116   EC227095   EC232575   EC247077   GH748679   GH750085   GH751404   GH751772   GH753545   GH756374   GH757585   GH759106   GH759376   GH759452   GH759550   GH771928   GH778354   GH778884   GH783545   GH783836   GH785502   GH789632   GH789982   GH790110   GH790641   GH790825   GH792692   GH793489   GH794273   GH795256   GH796375   GH796396   GH798080   GH798345   GH800001   GH800081   GH800221   GH801749   GH801810   GH802365   GH803355   GH808543   GH808834   GH809377   GH810782   GH812031   GH813601   GH813784   GH814343   GH814589   GH816279   GH816531   GH818489   GH820595   GH820633   GH821325   GH821723   GH821829   GH822168   GH822378   GH822787   GH824900   GH826324   GH828376   GH828486   GH830210   GH830276   GH832112   GH832579   GH833319   GH839102   GH839511   GH840255   GH844280   GH844947   GH846280   GH846614   GH847843   GH848210   GH848999   GH849747   GH849985   GH850735   GH856019   GH859353   GH861314   GH865436   GH865959   GH866460   GH867994   GH869263   GH869433   GH869634   GH870541   GH870544   GH871019   GH871055   GH871436   GH871642   GH873311   GH875938   GH878629   GH880589   GH882726   GH882746   GH886279   GH886984   GH888281   GH889198   GH891390   GH892542   GH895022   GH897054   GH899468   GH901798   GH901910   GH902423   GH906048   GH906345   GH907067   GH907234   GH907787   GH908945   GH910234   GH910669   GH911093   GH914867   GH915790   GH917396   GH917751   GH917944   GH923445   GH923555   GH926862   GH928659   GH930067   GH930299   GH931002   GH932412   GH932600   GH932854   GH932927   GH933265   GH936574   GH936855   GH938814   GH940474
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	Q95YI5
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	B7Z066
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Golgi medial cisterna inferred from direct assay (Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2012)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult midgut, adult Malpighian tubules, adult salivary gland, inseminated spermatheca, adult male accessory gland. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, larval salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, larval/adult carcass. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    10 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    8 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    6 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    10 head, mated 4-day male    8 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    4 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    4 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    17 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    10 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    8 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    6 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    10 head, mated 4-day male    8 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    4 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    4 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    17 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    10 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    8 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    6 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    10 head, mated 4-day male    8 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    4 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    4 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    17 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    10 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    8 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    6 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    10 head, mated 4-day male    8 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    4 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    4 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    17 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    10 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    8 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    6 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    10 head, mated 4-day male    8 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    4 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    4 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    17 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    10 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    8 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    6 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    10 head, mated 4-day male    8 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    4 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    4 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    17 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    10 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    8 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    6 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    10 head, mated 4-day male    8 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    4 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    4 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    17 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    10 central nervous system, larvae L3    10 central nervous system, pupae P8    12 head, virgin 1-day female    9 head, virgin 4-day female    8 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    6 head, mated 4-day female    6 head, mated 20-day female    7 head, mated 1-day male    10 head, mated 4-day male    8 head, mated 20-day male    11 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    11 digestive system, 20-day adult    12 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    1 fat body, white prepupae    4 fat body, pupae P8    5 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    8 carcass, 1-day adult    4 carcass, 4-day adult    4 carcass, 20-day adult    4 ovary, virgin 4-day female    17 ovary, mated 4-day female    16 testis, mated 4-day male    5 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed within 00-12 hour embryonic stages, in adult female stages. This gene is annotated by FlyBase as a dicistronic gene, meaning that some or all of its transcripts encode two or more polypeptide-coding open reading frames (ORFs) , with each ORF assigned to a different gene. The distribution of RNA-Seq coverage data amongst the different encoded genes cannot be determined. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    26 embryo 02-04hr    16 embryo 04-06hr    19 embryo 06-08hr    16 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    18 embryo 18-20hr    15 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    14 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    12 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    11 white prepupae 24hr    14 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    12 adult male 05day    12 adult male 30day    13 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    19 adult female 30day    20 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  26 embryo 02-04hr    16 embryo 04-06hr    19 embryo 06-08hr    16 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    18 embryo 18-20hr    15 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    14 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    12 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    11 white prepupae 24hr    14 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    12 adult male 05day    12 adult male 30day    13 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    19 adult female 30day    20 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    26 embryo 02-04hr    16 embryo 04-06hr    19 embryo 06-08hr    16 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    18 embryo 18-20hr    15 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    14 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    12 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    11 white prepupae 24hr    14 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    12 adult male 05day    12 adult male 30day    13 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    19 adult female 30day    20 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    26 embryo 02-04hr    16 embryo 04-06hr    19 embryo 06-08hr    16 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    18 embryo 18-20hr    15 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    14 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    12 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    11 white prepupae 24hr    14 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    12 adult male 05day    12 adult male 30day    13 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    19 adult female 30day    20 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    26 embryo 02-04hr    16 embryo 04-06hr    19 embryo 06-08hr    16 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    18 embryo 18-20hr    15 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    14 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    12 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    11 white prepupae 24hr    14 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    12 adult male 05day    12 adult male 30day    13 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    19 adult female 30day    20 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  26 embryo 02-04hr    16 embryo 04-06hr    19 embryo 06-08hr    16 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    18 embryo 18-20hr    15 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    14 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    12 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    11 white prepupae 24hr    14 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    12 adult male 05day    12 adult male 30day    13 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    19 adult female 30day    20 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    26 embryo 02-04hr    16 embryo 04-06hr    19 embryo 06-08hr    16 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    18 embryo 18-20hr    15 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    14 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    12 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    11 white prepupae 24hr    14 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    12 adult male 05day    12 adult male 30day    13 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    19 adult female 30day    20 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    26 embryo 02-04hr    16 embryo 04-06hr    19 embryo 06-08hr    16 embryo 08-10hr    16 embryo 10-12hr    21 embryo 12-14hr    16 embryo 14-16hr    17 embryo 16-18hr    18 embryo 18-20hr    15 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    15 larva L1    14 larva L2    14 larva L3 12hr old    12 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    9 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    14 white prepupae new    19 white prepupae 12hr    11 white prepupae 24hr    14 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    14 pupae 4d postWPP    12 adult male 01day    12 adult male 05day    12 adult male 30day    13 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    19 adult female 30day    20 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    29 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    46 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    11 embryonic S3    31 leg disc CME L1    24 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    11 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    9 wing disc ML-DmD32    22 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    13 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    10 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    8 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    10 tumorous blood cells mbn2    31 ovary fGS/OSS    6 ovary OSC    5 ovary OSS    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4  (29) embryonic 1182-4H  (27) embryonic GM2  (46) embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    11 embryonic S3  (31) leg disc CME L1    24 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    11 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    9 wing disc ML-DmD32    22 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    13 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    10 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    8 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    10 tumorous blood cells mbn2  (31) ovary fGS/OSS    6 ovary OSC    5 ovary OSS    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    29 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    46 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    11 embryonic S3    31 leg disc CME L1    24 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    11 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    9 wing disc ML-DmD32    22 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    13 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    10 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    8 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    10 tumorous blood cells mbn2    31 ovary fGS/OSS    6 ovary OSC    5 ovary OSS    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    29 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    46 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    11 embryonic S3    31 leg disc CME L1    24 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    11 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    9 wing disc ML-DmD32    22 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    13 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    10 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    8 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    10 tumorous blood cells mbn2    31 ovary fGS/OSS    6 ovary OSC    5 ovary OSS    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    29 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    46 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    11 embryonic S3    31 leg disc CME L1    24 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    11 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    9 wing disc ML-DmD32    22 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    13 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    10 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    8 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    10 tumorous blood cells mbn2    31 ovary fGS/OSS    6 ovary OSC    5 ovary OSS    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4  29 embryonic 1182-4H  27 embryonic GM2  (46) embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    11 embryonic S3  31 leg disc CME L1    24 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    11 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    9 wing disc ML-DmD32    22 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    13 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    10 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    8 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    10 tumorous blood cells mbn2  31 ovary fGS/OSS    6 ovary OSC    5 ovary OSS    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    29 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    46 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    11 embryonic S3    31 leg disc CME L1    24 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    11 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    9 wing disc ML-DmD32    22 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    13 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    10 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    8 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    10 tumorous blood cells mbn2    31 ovary fGS/OSS    6 ovary OSC    5 ovary OSS    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    22 Schneider line 2 Sg4    29 embryonic 1182-4H    27 embryonic GM2    46 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    11 embryonic S3    31 leg disc CME L1    24 wing disc CME-W2    20 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    11 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    9 wing disc ML-DmD32    22 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    13 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    18 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    10 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    12 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    8 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    10 tumorous blood cells mbn2    31 ovary fGS/OSS    6 ovary OSC    5 ovary OSS    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    3 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    7 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    13 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    15 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    3 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    7 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    13 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    15 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    3 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    7 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    13 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    15 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    3 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    7 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    13 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    15 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    3 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    7 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    13 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    15 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    3 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    7 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    13 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    15 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    3 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    7 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    13 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    15 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    3 heat shock, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    7 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    8 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    13 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    4 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    15 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    11 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    10 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    5 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    10 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    7 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_01 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_03
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • MIP26602 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0042641 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3874-RA;CG33052-RA;CG32174-RB
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal (with Df(3L)81k19) frcS070006 lethal (with frc00073) frc10098 lethal (with frc10098) frc00073 lethal (with frcNP0297) frcR9 lethal (with frcR9) frcNP0297 lethal | embryonic stage | germline clone | recessive | segment polarity expression pattern frcR29 lethal | embryonic stage | partially | rescuable maternal effect frc02619 lethal | embryonic stage | recessive | rescuable maternal effect | segment polarity expression pattern frc00073 frc10098 lethal | larval stage | recessive frc02619 lethal | pupal stage | recessive frc00073 frc10098 lethal | recessive frc00073 frc02619 frcj2E3 frcL6750 frcS070006 frcS070016 frcS142217 partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 frcGD2691 partially lethal - majority die | second instar larval stage frcRY34 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 frcGD10475 Other Phenotypes Allele cell polarity defective frcR29 cell polarity defective | somatic clone frcRY34 visible frcNP0297 frcR29 visible | somatic clone frcR9 frcunspecified Phenotype manifest in Allele antenna frcR29 anterior postalar bristle frcNP0297 anterior scutellar bristle frcNP0297 cuticle frc02619 denticle belt frc02619 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle frc00073 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | germline clone frcR29 embryonic segment frc00073 eye frcNP0297 eye photoreceptor cell frcR29 eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone frcRY34 joint frcR29 joint | somatic clone frcunspecified leg frcR29 leg | somatic clone frcunspecified macrochaeta frcNP0297 mesoderm frcunspecified mesoderm | germline clone frc00073 frc10098 ommatidium frcNP0297 posterior postalar bristle frcNP0297 presumptive embryonic/larval nervous system | germline clone frcR29 wing | somatic clone frcunspecified wing margin | anterior | ectopic | somatic clone frcunspecified wing margin | ectopic | somatic clone frcR9 wing margin bristle | ectopic | somatic clone frcunspecified wing vein frcNP0297
Classical Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of frc Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion frcL6750 P-element activity 2 Yes frc00073 loss of function allele P-element activity 1 Yes frc02619 P-element activity 1 -- frcf00702 piggyBac transposase 1 -- frcNP0297 P-element activity 1 Yes frcNP7351 1 -- frcR29 amorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 0 Yes frc10098 loss of function allele P-element activity 0 Yes frcj2E3 P-element activity 0 -- frcNP7479 0 -- frcR9 P-element activity 0 Yes frcRY34 loss of function allele P-element activity 0 Yes frcS070006 Delta2-3 P-element activity 0 -- frcS070016 Delta2-3 P-element activity 0 -- frcS142217 P-element activity 0 -- frcunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of frc Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion frcGD2691 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 3 Yes frcGD10475 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes frcKK102002 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes frcScer\UAS.cSa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes frcScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3L)81k19 (Szeged Stock Center, 1998-, Spradling et al., 1999, Selva et al., 2001, Goto et al., 2001, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Deak et al., 1997) Df(3L)BSC414 (Christensen et al., 2008.4.15) Df(3L)BSC415 (Christensen et al., 2008.4.15) Df(3L)Exel6132 (Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD2691} NA P{GD10475} NA P{KK102002} NA P{UAS-frc.myc} NA P{UAS-frc.S} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}frcj2E3 No P{lacW}frcL6750 No P{lacW}frcS070006 No P{lacW}frcS070016 No P{lacW}frcS142217 No P{PZ}frc00073 No P{PZ}frc02619 No P{PZ}frc10098 No insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}frcNP0297 No P{GawB}frcNP7351 No P{GawB}frcNP7479 No miscellaneous insertions P{wHy}DG23604 NA PBac{WH}frcf00702 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 24 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 20 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
antiporter activity inferred from direct assay (Muraoka et al., 2007) NOT GDP-fucose transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001, Goto et al., 2001) NOT GDP-mannose transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001, Goto et al., 2001) NOT UDP-galactose transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001) UDP-galactose transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Goto et al., 2001) NOT UDP-glucose transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001) UDP-glucose transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Goto et al., 2001) UDP-glucuronic acid transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001, Goto et al., 2001, Muraoka et al., 2007) UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001, Goto et al., 2001, Muraoka et al., 2007) UDP-xylose transmembrane transporter activity inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
compound eye morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Goto et al., 2001) embryonic pattern specification inferred from mutant phenotype (Selva et al., 2001, Goto et al., 2001) imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Goto et al., 2001) imaginal disc pattern formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Selva et al., 2001) segment polarity determination inferred from mutant phenotype (Zhu et al., 2005) sensory organ development inferred from mutant phenotype (Goto et al., 2001) UDP-galactose transport inferred from direct assay (Goto et al., 2001) UDP-glucose transport inferred from direct assay (Goto et al., 2001) UDP-glucuronic acid transport inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001, Goto et al., 2001, Muraoka et al., 2007) UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transport inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001, Goto et al., 2001, Muraoka et al., 2007) UDP-xylose transport inferred from direct assay (Selva et al., 2001)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
Golgi medial cisterna inferred from direct assay (Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2012)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar transmembrane transporter activity non-traceable author statement (Goto, 2001.6.1)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
Notch receptor processing non-traceable author statement (Goto, 2001.6.1) pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar transport non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 2002.3.1)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
Golgi apparatus non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 2002.3.1)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene_with_dicistronic_mRNA (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008) nuclear_gene (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008) protein_coding_gene (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008)
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
frc - ATPsyn-Cf6 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - ATPsyn-γ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Aats-asn anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Aats-glupro anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Arf79F anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Atx2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG10077 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG10425 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG11107 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG11876 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG12262 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG12404 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG13126 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG13298 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG1416 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG1444 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG15098 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG15100 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG2064 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG2065 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG2070 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG2789 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG32638 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG33303 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG3731 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG4169 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG4553 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG4612 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG4860 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG5484 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG6453 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG8258 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG8602 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG8728 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CG9662 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Cctγ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Cdc5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Chc anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - CoIV anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Cyp12d1-p anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Droj2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Fatp anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Gale anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Hel25E anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Hsp22 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Imp anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - ImpL3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Kap-α3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - KdelR anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Kr-h2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - MRP anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Mec2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - NHP2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Ost48 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Pp1-87B anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Pp2A-29B anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - RFeSP anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Rab2 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Rbp1-like anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - RpS12 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - RpS19a anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - RpS19b anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - RpS29 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Rpb8 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Rrp46 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Sec61α anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - SmD3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Syp anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Tango7 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Tapδ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Tcp-1ζ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Tcp-1η anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Tom70 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - Vps4 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - bor anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - cathD anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - heix anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - l(1)G0156 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - l(1)G0230 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - mRpS28 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - mTerf3 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - mt:CoII anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - mts anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - nop5 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - porin anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - wal anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) frc - εCOP anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions frc allele Gene References frc00073 N (Selva et al., 2001) frc10098 N (Selva et al., 2001) sev (Maixner et al., 1998) frcNP0297 fng (Goto et al., 2001)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 65232 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0042641 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0042641 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 39943
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (45) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6CRMK1 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG602X1T Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6932DR Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6RV175 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6CCGV7
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6CRMK1)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\frc     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD12404 Y   Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM24331 Y   Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG15810 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE22149 Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF24308 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA17742 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL15482 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK18051 Y   Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ13023 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI12882 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH14906 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG602X1T)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL014644   Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL014643   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP005200   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ006563
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6932DR)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\Ame.16217   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG037304   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH22696   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP15594   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO21153   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL12642   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH14029   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB23172   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV25714   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI009996   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI008558   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA002053   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM493980   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC003250
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6RV175)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\PCDHGB3   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW009280
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6CCGV7)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\sqv-7   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_011234gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\slc35d2   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\slc35d1b   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\slc35d1a   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\slc35d1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\SLC35D1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\SLC35D2   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Slc35d1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Slc35d1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Slc35d2   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\SLC35D1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\SLC35D2
Human Orthologs (2)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\SLC35D1     Hsap\SLC35D2
AAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD12404 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM24331 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG15810 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE22149 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF24308 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA17742 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL15482 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK18051 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ13023 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI12882 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH14906
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 13 )
Bloomington	10186 y1 w1118; P{lacW}frcL6750/TM3, Ser1 11572 P{PZ}frc02619 ry506/TM3, ryRK Sb1 Ser1 11484 P{PZ}frc00073 CG3217400073 ry506/TM3, ryRK Sb1 Ser1
Harvard	- PBac{WH}frcf00702
Kyoto	103581 w*; P{GawB}frcNP0297 / TM3, Ser1 114238 w*; P{GawB}frcNP7351 / CyO, P{UAS-lacZ.UW14}UW14
VDRC	v107816 P{KK102002}VIE-260B v5302 w1118 P{GD2691}v5302 v47543 w1118; P{GD2691}v47543 v21468 w1118; P{GD10475}v21468 v21469 w1118; P{GD10475}v21469 v47542 w1118; P{GD2691}v47542/CyO
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR22B18 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 175 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RH08077
Other clones	DPiM_RH08077 MIP26602
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH24045 RE21637 RH27239 RH30084 RH39054 RH46186 RH49916 RH51426 RH59004 RH60943 RH74548 SD21854
Other clones	12217 72632 162493 165210 CK01.51A.A12 CK01.66B.F2 CK01.122B.G9 CK00510 EK053853 EK063234 EK093425 EK113121 EK201463 EK266147 EK269953 ESG017d.E21_G05 RP003010847 RP003035298 RP003058032 RP003068783 RP003070823 RP003071319 RP003085751 RP003094022 RP003100001 RP003104076 RP003108982 RP003115763 RP003117954 RP003122078 RP003124208 RP003125006 RP003133143 RP003134508 RP003135638 RP003139382 RP003139583 RP003145184 RP003149312 RP003158185 RP003167033 RP003170518 RP003173573 RP003181228 RP003181813 RP003182176 RP003202959 RP003204725 RP003205593 RP003219755 RP003224950 RP003232725 RP003235598 RP003237013 RP003240260 RP003240913 RP003241224 RP003241936 RP003249128 RP003254169 RP003258163 RP003259697 RP003261046 RP003263972 RP003264748 RP003266489 RP003274097 RP003274850 RP003277767 RP003277994 RP003282358 RP003286964 RP003287288 RP003290923 RP003313074 RP003313331 RP003313880 RP003314232 RP003316374 RP003321023 RP003323781 RP003323914 RP003327497 RP003334327 RP003336720 RP003341878 RP003343471 RP003348438 RP003350327 RP003354163 RP003355034 RP003357228 RP003366758 RP003387830 RP003388306 RP003399104 RP003400039 RP003402942 RP003415475 RP003415757 RP003418300 RP003431939 RP003447014 RP003457379 RP003458239 RP003459176 RP003462063 RP003472686 RP003475524 RP003475732 RP003478393 RP003483352 RP003486848 RP003492171 RP003495964 RP003496023 RP003499369 RP003509397 RP003511665 RP003521160 RP003522593 RP003523282 RP003525263 RP003526667 RP003538212 RP003538972 RP003546784 RP003547320 RP003565153 RP003567098 RP003569868 RP003572189 RP003580771 RP003584150 RP003584665 RP003587347 RP003596449 RP003606644 RP003607277 RP003614815 RP003622318 RP003622620 RP003626973 RP003628183 RP003628626 RP003629606 RP003630463 RP003632149 RP003648263 RP003649570 RP003653964 RP003655147 RP003656842 RP003662359 RP003663280 RP003668608 RP003668814 RP003674700 RP003676571 SD05342
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0042641 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 39943
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: frc anon-WO0172774.5 anon-WO0172774.7 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: frc CG3874 (Haecker, 2001.5.30) Source for merge of: frc l(3)00073 (Selva et al., 2001) Source for merge of: frc l(3)L6750 l(3)S070006 l(3)02619 (Richardson, 2005.2.11)
Additional comments	One or more of the processed transcripts for these genes contain two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). The non-overlapping ORFs are represented by CG32174 (FBgn0052174), CG3874 (FBgn0042641). (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008) Source for merge of frc anon-WO0172774.5 anon-WO0172774.7 was sequence comparison (date:051113). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	Mutations in frc affect wg-, hh- and FGF-dependent pathways and also fng/N-dependent pathways. (Selva et al., 2001) Mutant embryos that lack both maternal and zygotic frc activity exhibit defects in wg hh and FGF signalling pathways. (Selva et al., 2000) The autosomal "FLP-DFS" technique (using the P{ovoD1-18} P{FRT(whs)} P{hsFLP} chromosomes) has been used to identify the specific maternal effect phenotype for the zygotic lethal mutation. (Perrimon et al., 1996)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_079402 NM_001144490 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_524126 NP_001137962 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF49343 AAM76201 AB062677 ACL83317 AQ026152 AQ026182 AQ026275 AQ073346 AX260043 AX260045 AY129459 BAB62105 BI572537 CZ483170 CZ483171 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 39943 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • Q95YI5 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • B7Z066
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Domain of unknown function DUF250 (IPR004853) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • MIP26602
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 65232 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0042641 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0042641 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0042641 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0042641 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG3874-RA;CG33052-RA;CG32174-RB FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0042641 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 39943 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 39943 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0042641
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 20 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	anon-WO0172774.5   anon-WO0172774.7   CG3874 (Wang et al., 2004, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2012) dFRC (Muraoka et al., 2007) frc (Wang et al., 2004, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008, Christensen et al., 2008.4.15, Wang et al., 2008, Bornemann et al., 2008, Dworkin et al., 2009, Beltran et al., 2007) FRC (Goda et al., 2006) Frc (Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2012) l(3)00073 (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, ) l(3)02619 (Hing et al., 1999, Spradling et al., 1999, Perrimon et al., 1996, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, ) l(3)10098 (Maixner et al., 1998) l(3)j2E3   l(3)L6750   l(3)S070006   UDP-GlcNAc/UDP-GlcUA (Kamiyama et al., 2003) ust74C (Goto et al., 2001) UST74C (Goto, 2001.6.1)
Name Synonym	frc (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008) fringe connection (Selva et al., 2000, Torroja et al., 2005, Bornemann et al., 2008, Ishikawa et al., 2010) Fringe connection (Muraoka et al., 2007) Fringe-connection (Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2012) UDP-sugar transporter in 74C (Goto et al., 2001)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0010706 FBgn0010784 FBgn0011338 FBgn0024567 FBgn0028107 FBgn0036721 FBgn0046363 FBgn0046381
References ( 65 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 65 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 24 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 6 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 16 ) Abstract  ( 3 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 4 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Patent  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 ) Letter  ( 2 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Weber et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(4): e34745 Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Oxidative Stress Resistance in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0218073] Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2012, Cell Struct. Funct. 37(1): 55--63 Cisterna-specific Localization of Glycosylation-related Proteins to the Golgi Apparatus. [FBrf0217862] Ambegaokar and Jackson, 2011, Hum. Mol. Genet. 20(24): 4947--4977 Functional genomic screen and network analysis reveal novel modifiers of tauopathy dissociated from tau phosphorylation. [FBrf0217690] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...