FB2021_06, released December 14, 2021

Gene: Dmel\Chrac-16

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Chrac-16
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Chromatin accessibility complex 16kD protein
Annotation Symbol
CG15736
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0043001
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
10 publicly available
Gene Summary
Chromatin accessibility complex 16kD protein (Chrac-16) encodes a subunit of the chromatin accessibility complex, which is an evolutionary conserved nucleosome sliding enzyme. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

CHRAC16, joey, CHRAC

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
11A1-11A1
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-38
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:12017225..12017961
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (4 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein heterodimerization activity
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Chrac-14; FB:FBgn0043002
(Corona et al., 2000)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in nucleosome mobilization
inferred from direct assay
(Corona et al., 2000)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of CHRAC
inferred from direct assay
(Eberharter et al., 2001, Corona et al., 2000)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of CHRAC
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000028720
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000028718
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Chromatin accessibility complex 16kD protein (Chrac-16) encodes a subunit of the chromatin accessibility complex, which is an evolutionary conserved nucleosome sliding enzyme. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CHROMATIN ACCESSIBILITY COMPLEX -
CHRAC is an ISWI-containing chromatin remodeling complex that optimizes nucleosome spacing to promote chromatin assembly and the repression of transcription. (Adapted from FBrf0228920).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Histone-like protein which promotes nucleosome sliding of ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling complexes (PubMed:10856248, PubMed:11447119). Part of the chromatin-accessibility complex (CHRAC) which uses energy/ATP to increase the general accessibility of DNA in chromatin (PubMed:10856248, PubMed:11447119). As an heterodimer with Chrac-14, binds DNA and facilitates nucleosome sliding by Acf (PubMed:16260604). As part of the CHRAC complex, required for oogenesis (PubMed:26851213).
(UniProt, Q9V452)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Chrac-16 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Chrac-16-RA
FBtr0073642
NM_132548
685
140
Chrac-16-RB
FBtr0339625
NM_001298219
737
140
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Chrac-16-PA
FBpp0073475
16.0
140
4.17
NP_572776
AAF48131
Chrac-16-PB
FBpp0308688
16.0
140
4.17
NP_001285148
AHN59618
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

140 aa isoforms: Chrac-16-PA, Chrac-16-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of the chromatin accessibility complex (CHRAC), composed of Chrac-14, Chrac-16, Acf and Iswi (PubMed:10856248, PubMed:10731132). Forms an heterodimer with Chrac-14 (PubMed:10856248, PubMed:16260604). The Chrac-14/Chrac-16 heterodimer interacts with Acf (via N-terminus) (PubMed:16260604). Stabilizes the interaction between Chrac-14 and Iswi (PubMed:10856248).

(UniProt, Q9V452)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Chrac-16 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of CHRAC
inferred from direct assay
(Eberharter et al., 2001, Corona et al., 2000)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{Chrac-16-mCherry.fos}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
oogenesis & adult stage | female
female germline cell
(Börner et al., 2016)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Chrac-16 in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 1 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Chrac-16
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Chrac-16
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 5 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (3)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\CHRAC1
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\POLE4
4 of 15
No
No
Hsap\NFYC
2 of 15
No
No
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Chrac1
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Pole4
3 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Nfyc
2 of 15
No
No
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (3)
Rnor\Chrac1
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Pole4
3 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Nfyc
1 of 13
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\chrac1
5 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\pole4
3 of 12
No
No
Xtro\nfyc
2 of 12
No
No
Xtro\pnhd
1 of 12
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)
Drer\chrac1
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\pole4
4 of 15
No
No
Drer\im:7138239
1 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\nfyc
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)
Cele\pole-4
5 of 15
Yes
No
Cele\nfyc-1
2 of 15
No
No
Cele\rpoa-49
1 of 15
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (12)
Atha\NF-YC10
3 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\NF-YC5
2 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\NF-YC13
2 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\NF-YC1
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\NF-YC2
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\NF-YC3
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\NF-YC4
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\NF-YC6
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\NF-YC7
1 of 9
No
Yes
Atha\NF-YC8
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\NF-YC9
1 of 9
No
No
Atha\NF-YC12
1 of 9
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)
Scer\DPB3
5 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\DLS1
3 of 15
No
Yes
Scer\HAP5
2 of 15
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)
Spom\SPCC16C4.22
3 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\dpb3
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\php5
1 of 12
No
No
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09190J1I )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00010476
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00006484
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD15946
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM13228
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG19565
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE16727
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF19515
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA13924
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL20264
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK25044
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ18514
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI21483
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH24787
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG09150H2H )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17018991
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_08452
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_12905
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL007466
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC002287
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP007481
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ000301
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W0LWB )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA005813
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS215721-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL009646
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2608973188
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\LOC726619
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP12319
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15206447
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH12396
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:000420
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG019639
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC005810
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM455360
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC001914
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC007176
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI005177
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_06367
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X0M47 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR010986
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM64750.1
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_93845
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_309445
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G0Y96 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\SPU_025127gn
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000014477
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000028342
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (3)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
PolE4
6 of 10
Nf-YC
5 of 10
NC2α
2 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    CHRAC1; chromatin accessibility complex subunit 1
    13 of 15
    607268
        POLE4; DNA polymerase epsilon 4, accessory subunit
        4 of 15
        607269
            Functional Complementation Data
            Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
            Interactions
            Summary of Physical Interactions
            Summary of Genetic Interactions
            esyN Network Diagram
            esyN Network Key:
            Suppression
            Enhancement
            View in Interactions Browser
            Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            Acf
            enhanceable
            Chrac-16
            (Börner et al., 2016)
            External Data
            Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
            Component of the chromatin accessibility complex (CHRAC), composed of Chrac-14, Chrac-16, Acf and Iswi (PubMed:10856248, PubMed:10731132). Forms an heterodimer with Chrac-14 (PubMed:10856248, PubMed:16260604). The Chrac-14/Chrac-16 heterodimer interacts with Acf (via N-terminus) (PubMed:16260604). Stabilizes the interaction between Chrac-14 and Iswi (PubMed:10856248).
            (UniProt, Q9V452 )
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Pathways
            Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
            Metabolic Pathways
            External Data
            Linkouts
            Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
            Chromosome (arm)
            X
            Recombination map
            1-38
            Cytogenetic map
            11A1-11A1
            Sequence location
            FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Evidence for location
            11A1-11A1
            Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1451&P{EP}EP1629 and P{EP}CG11138EP1313
            Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Notes
            References
            Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
            Location

            1-38

            (FlyBase, 2016)

            1-37.7

            (Comeron et al., 2012)
            Left of (cM)
            Right of (cM)
            Notes
            Stocks and Reagents
            Stocks (10)
            Genomic Clones (10)
             

            Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

            cDNA Clones (14)
             

            Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

            cDNA clones, fully sequenced
            BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

              For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

              cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
              BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
              RNAi and Array Information
              Linkouts
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
              Antibody Information
              Laboratory Generated Antibodies
               

              polyclonal

              (Corona et al., 2000)
              Commercially Available Antibodies
               
              Other Information
              Relationship to Other Genes
              Source for database identify of
              Source for database merge of

              Source for merge of: joey CG15736

              (FlyBase, 1996-)

              Source for merge of: Chrac-16 BcDNA:RE59557

              (FlyBase, 1996-)
              Additional comments

              Source for merge of joey CG15736 was sequence comparison ( date:000725 ).

              (FlyBase, 1996-)

              Source for merge of Chrac-16 BcDNA:RE59557 was a shared cDNA ( date:030728 ).

              (FlyBase, 1996-)
              Other Comments
              Origin and Etymology
              Discoverer
              Etymology
              Identification
              External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 38 )
              Sequence Crossreferences
              NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
              GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
              GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
              RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
              UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              Other crossreferences
              BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
              DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
              EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
              Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
              FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
              FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
              Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
              Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
              GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
              iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
              InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
              KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
              MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
              modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
              Linkouts
              BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
              DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
              DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
              FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
              FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
              MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
              Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)
              Datasets (0)
              Study focus (0)
              Experimental Role
              Project
              Project Type
              Title
              References (54)