FB2020_06, released Dec 22, 2020

Gene: Dmel\CG31998

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\CG31998
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Annotation Symbol
CG31998
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0051998
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
6 publicly available
Gene Snapshot
Contributions welcome
Other Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
4:196,675..205,945 [-]
Recombination map

4-0

RefSeq locus
NC_004353 REGION:196675..205945
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (0 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\CG31998 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.39

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Evidence supports alternative transcription start site within intronic TE (RAMPAGE TSS data, FBrf0220331; cDNA; RNA-Seq junction data). May be specific to sequenced strain; not included in gene model.

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
CG31998-RA
FBtr0089145
NM_166742
4863
1459
CG31998-RB
FBtr0308249
NM_001258481
5980
1363
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
CG31998-PA
FBpp0088212
161.9
1459
8.31
NP_726548
AAF59363
CG31998-PB
FBpp0300569
151.0
1363
7.74
NP_001245410
AFH06770
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\CG31998 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism | intense | ubiquitous

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\CG31998 in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of CG31998
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of CG31998
Deletions and Duplications ( 0 )
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (2)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\PRRT4
3 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\PRRT3
1 of 15
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Prrt4
3 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Prrt3
1 of 15
No
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)
Rnor\Prrt4
3 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Prrt3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (1)
Xtro\prrt4
1 of 12
Yes
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)
Drer\prrt4
3 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\si:dkey-31f5.11
2 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch211-14i3.2
1 of 15
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)
No records found.
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
No records found.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091900XP )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00007129
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD22007
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM23228
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG16458
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE14523
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF27554
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA16602
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL18158
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK13609
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ15278
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI14077
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH23998
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091501LA )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17013016
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY001627
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_03734
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes007032
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL008894
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP011255
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ013541
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ017999
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W01JJ )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA004523
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS212009-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL005857
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2398254628
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB46436
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP23007
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15214231
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH22154
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:00239a
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG025286
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_08325
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC034719
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM577770
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC001506
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC005393
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI23338
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_07693
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )
No non-Insect Arthropod orthologies identified
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )
No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)
No records found.
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    PRRT4; proline rich transmembrane protein 4
    3 of 15
        Functional Complementation Data
        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
        Interactions
        Summary of Physical Interactions
        esyN Network Diagram
        Interactions Browser
        Summary of Genetic Interactions
        esyN Network Diagram
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        Starting gene(s)
        Interaction type
        Interacting gene(s)
        Reference
        External Data
        Linkouts
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        Pathways
        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
        Metabolic Pathways
        External Data
        Linkouts
        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
        Chromosome (arm)
        4
        Recombination map

        4-0

        Cytogenetic map
        102A7-102A7
        Sequence location
        4:196,675..205,945 [-]
        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Evidence for location
        102A7-102A7
        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
        Cytogenetic map
        Notes
        References
        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
        Location

        4-0

        (FlyBase, 2016)
        Left of (cM)
        Right of (cM)
        Notes
        Stocks and Reagents
        Stocks (6)
        Genomic Clones (17)
         

        Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

        cDNA Clones (40)
         

        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

        For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
        Other clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Other Information
        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database identify of
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: CG11572 CG11578

        (FlyBase, 1996-)
        Additional comments

        Annotations CG11572, CG11578 merged as CG31998 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

        Source for merge of CG11572 CG11578 was a shared cDNA ( date:010720 ).

        (FlyBase, 1996-)
        Other Comments
        Origin and Etymology
        Discoverer
        Etymology
        Identification
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 31 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
        GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
        Linkouts
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (3)
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        References (30)