FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Drsl4

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Drsl4

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Drosomycin-like 4

Annotation Symbol

CG32282

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0052282

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

5 publicly available

Gene Summary

Drosomycin-like 4 (Drsl4) encodes a secreted peptide with homology to the antifungal peptide encoded by Drs. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

dro4, drosomycin-4, drosomycin

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

63D1-63D1

Sequence location

3L:3,315,620..3,315,942 [+]

Recombination map

3-8

RefSeq locus

NT_037436 REGION:3315620..3315942

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (3 terms)

Molecular Function (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Biological Process (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in defense response to fungus

inferred from direct assay

(Yang et al., 2006)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in defense response to fungus

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Drs; FB:FBgn0283461

(Jiggins and Kim, 2005)

involved_in defense response

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN008651618

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003614

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in extracellular region

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:Drs; FB:FBgn0283461

(Jiggins and Kim, 2005)

inferred from sequence model

(Jiggins and Kim, 2005)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

DROSOMYCINS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Drosomycin-like 4 (Drsl4) encodes a secreted peptide with homology to the antifungal peptide encoded by Drs. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]

Gene Group (FlyBase)

DROSOMYCINS -: Drosomycin gene family encode secreted anti-fungal peptides unique to Drosophila. These paralogs are clustered on the 3L chromosome arm. (Adapted from FBrf0205847 and FBrf0205847).

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Drsl4 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q8IRD6)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

BLASTX homology to drosomycin-like, Knot1, Knottin proteins, CG10813, CG10815, CG11520 and CG10812

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Drsl4-RA

FBtr0073061

NM_168021

323

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Drsl4-PA

FBpp0072925

7.7

7.64

Q8IRD6

NP_728862

AAN11558

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Q8IRD6

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Drsl4 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Drsl4_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

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Transcript Expression

RT-PCR

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

larval stage -- adult stage

organism

(Tian et al., 2008)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Drsl4 in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Drsl4

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Drsl4

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0052282

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

317954/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0052282

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0052282

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0052282

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0052282

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 2 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Drsl4

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Drsl4

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3L)Exel6093

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Inferred from location ( 5 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

viable

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Drsl4^GD3833

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Drsl4^GD3833

Other Phenotypes

Allele

short lived, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Drsl4^GD3833

some die during pharate adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

Drsl4^GD3833

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (0)

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (0)

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (0)

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (0)

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (0)

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (0)

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Drsl4. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (6)

Drs

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Other Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Other Interaction Browsers

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0052282

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Toll and Imd signaling pathway

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-8

Cytogenetic map

63D1-63D1

Sequence location

3L:3,315,620..3,315,942 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

63D1-63D1

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)06803⁰⁶⁸⁰³ and P{PZ}kst⁰¹³¹⁸

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-8

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-6.7

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (5)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

57186

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMC04568}attP40

FlyORF

F002378

M{UAS-Drsl4.ORF.3xHA.GW}ZH-86Fb

NIG-Fly

HMJ21070

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ21070}attP40/CyO

VDRC

v103505

P{KK112350}VIE-260B

v8911

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD3833}v8911

Genomic Clones (15)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (4)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

IP20720

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0052282

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0052282

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Purified recombinant dro4 shows antifungal activity to three of the seven tested fungal strains.

(Yang et al., 2006)

New annotation (CG32282) in release 3 of the genome annotation.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Source for identity of dro4 CG32282 was sequence comparison ( date:030917 ).

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: dro4 CG32282

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for identity of: Drsl4 dro4

(Marygold et al., 2012.7.10)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (17)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG32282

(Kondo et al., 2017, Palu and Thummel, 2016, Chen et al., 2012, Petersen et al., 2012, Chen et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Zhang et al., 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5)

Dro-4

(Cao, 2003.7.23)

Dro4

(Faisal et al., 2014, Deng et al., 2009, Sackton and Clark, 2009, Yang et al., 2006, Jiggins and Kim, 2005)

Drs-lF

(Yang et al., 2006)

Drs14

(Huang et al., 2024)

Drsl4

(Bossen et al., 2023, Chen et al., 2023, Lee et al., 2023, Känel et al., 2022, Scott et al., 2022, Garrido-Maraver et al., 2020, Štětina et al., 2019, Stephano et al., 2018, Kondo et al., 2017, Marygold et al., 2012.7.10)

dro-4

(Remolina et al., 2012)

dro4

(Ou et al., 2016, Petersen et al., 2012, Remolina et al., 2012, Thomas et al., 2012, Fernández-Ayala et al., 2010, Buchon et al., 2009, Zsindely et al., 2009)

dros4

(Ye and McGraw, 2011)

Name Synonyms

Drosomycin 4

(Longworth et al., 2012)

Drosomycin-4

(Zhang and Zhu, 2010, Ye et al., 2009)

Drosomycin-like 4

(Marygold et al., 2012.7.10)

Drosomycin-like F

(Yang et al., 2006)

drosmycin-4

(Faisal et al., 2014)

drosomycin

(Sackton et al., 2007, Bhattacharya and Steward, 2002)

drosomycin-4

(Petersen et al., 2012, Fernández-Ayala et al., 2010, Ye et al., 2009, Tian et al., 2008)

drosomycin-F

(Cao, 2003.7.23)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 71 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

317954

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q8IRD6

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q8IRD6

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q8IRD6

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0052282

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

317954/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0052282

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0052282

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0052282

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG32282

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

317954

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0052282

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0052282

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0052282

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Drsl4_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0052282

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0052282

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0052282

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC031240

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Toll and Imd signaling pathway

References (61)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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