The gene Glutathione S transferase E4 is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\GstE4 (CG17525, FBgn0063496). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: glutathione transferase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: glutathione metabolic process. 2 alleles are reported. No phenotypic data is available. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal; Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal-like; Glutathione S-transferase, N-terminal; Glutathione S-transferase/chloride channel, C-terminal; Thioredoxin-like fold. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 18-24 hour embryonic stages, during late pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1632539_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of GstE4. Gene sequence location is 2R:14290753..14291591.
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Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head.
[download data (TSV)]
Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors
No expression (0 - 9.999)
Low expression (10 - 99.999)
Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)
High level expression (500 - 999.999)
Very high expression (>999.999)
Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
2.7
Larval Midgut
3.3
Larval Hindgut
3.6
Larval Malpighian Tubules
0.7
Larval Fat Body
2.9
Larval Salivary Gland
5.7
Larval Trachea
0.625
Larval Carcass
3.8
Adult Head
524.5
Adult Eye
78.625
Adult Brain
7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
2.9
Adult Crop
2.6
Adult Midgut
5.8
Adult Hindgut
6.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules
2.4
Adult Fat Body
2.7
Adult Salivary Gland
6
Adult Heart
2.825
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
3.2
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
1.2
Adult Ovary
2.2
Adult Testis
1.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland
7.3
Adult Carcass
7.6
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
2.7
Larval Midgut
3.3
Larval Hindgut
3.6
Larval Malpighian Tubules
0.7
Larval Fat Body
2.9
Larval Salivary Gland
5.7
Larval Trachea
0.625
Larval Carcass
3.8
Adult Head
524.5
Adult Eye
78.625
Adult Brain
7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
2.9
Adult Crop
2.6
Adult Midgut
5.8
Adult Hindgut
6.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules
2.4
Adult Fat Body
2.7
Adult Salivary Gland
6
Adult Heart
2.825
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
3.2
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
1.2
Adult Ovary
2.2
Adult Testis
1.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland
7.3
Adult Carcass
7.6
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Linear, scaled to High level expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
2.7
Larval Midgut
3.3
Larval Hindgut
3.6
Larval Malpighian Tubules
0.7
Larval Fat Body
2.9
Larval Salivary Gland
5.7
Larval Trachea
0.625
Larval Carcass
3.8
Adult Head
524.5
Adult Eye
78.625
Adult Brain
7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
2.9
Adult Crop
2.6
Adult Midgut
5.8
Adult Hindgut
6.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules
2.4
Adult Fat Body
2.7
Adult Salivary Gland
6
Adult Heart
2.825
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
3.2
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
1.2
Adult Ovary
2.2
Adult Testis
1.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland
7.3
Adult Carcass
7.6
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Very high
Linear, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
2.7
Larval Midgut
3.3
Larval Hindgut
3.6
Larval Malpighian Tubules
0.7
Larval Fat Body
2.9
Larval Salivary Gland
5.7
Larval Trachea
0.625
Larval Carcass
3.8
Adult Head
524.5
Adult Eye
78.625
Adult Brain
7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
2.9
Adult Crop
2.6
Adult Midgut
5.8
Adult Hindgut
6.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules
2.4
Adult Fat Body
2.7
Adult Salivary Gland
6
Adult Heart
2.825
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
3.2
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
1.2
Adult Ovary
2.2
Adult Testis
1.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland
7.3
Adult Carcass
7.6
Expression Level Scale
Very high
log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
2.7
Larval Midgut
3.3
Larval Hindgut
3.6
Larval Malpighian Tubules
0.7
Larval Fat Body
2.9
Larval Salivary Gland
5.7
Larval Trachea
0.625
Larval Carcass
3.8
Adult Head
524.5
Adult Eye
78.625
Adult Brain
7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
2.9
Adult Crop
2.6
Adult Midgut
5.8
Adult Hindgut
6.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules
2.4
Adult Fat Body
2.7
Adult Salivary Gland
6
Adult Heart
2.825
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
3.2
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
1.2
Adult Ovary
2.2
Adult Testis
1.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland
7.3
Adult Carcass
7.6
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
2.7
Larval Midgut
3.3
Larval Hindgut
3.6
Larval Malpighian Tubules
0.7
Larval Fat Body
2.9
Larval Salivary Gland
5.7
Larval Trachea
0.625
Larval Carcass
3.8
Adult Head
524.5
Adult Eye
78.625
Adult Brain
7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
2.9
Adult Crop
2.6
Adult Midgut
5.8
Adult Hindgut
6.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules
2.4
Adult Fat Body
2.7
Adult Salivary Gland
6
Adult Heart
2.825
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
3.2
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
1.2
Adult Ovary
2.2
Adult Testis
1.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland
7.3
Adult Carcass
7.6
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
log, scaled to High level expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
2.7
Larval Midgut
3.3
Larval Hindgut
3.6
Larval Malpighian Tubules
0.7
Larval Fat Body
2.9
Larval Salivary Gland
5.7
Larval Trachea
0.625
Larval Carcass
3.8
Adult Head
524.5
Adult Eye
78.625
Adult Brain
7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
2.9
Adult Crop
2.6
Adult Midgut
5.8
Adult Hindgut
6.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules
2.4
Adult Fat Body
2.7
Adult Salivary Gland
6
Adult Heart
2.825
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
3.2
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
1.2
Adult Ovary
2.2
Adult Testis
1.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland
7.3
Adult Carcass
7.6
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Very high
log, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
2.7
Larval Midgut
3.3
Larval Hindgut
3.6
Larval Malpighian Tubules
0.7
Larval Fat Body
2.9
Larval Salivary Gland
5.7
Larval Trachea
0.625
Larval Carcass
3.8
Adult Head
524.5
Adult Eye
78.625
Adult Brain
7
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
2.9
Adult Crop
2.6
Adult Midgut
5.8
Adult Hindgut
6.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules
2.4
Adult Fat Body
2.7
Adult Salivary Gland
6
Adult Heart
2.825
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
3.2
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
1.2
Adult Ovary
2.2
Adult Testis
1.1
Adult Male Accessory Gland
7.3
Adult Carcass
7.6
Expression Level Scale
None
Low
Moderate
High
Very high
Heatmap
Tissue
Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
Larval Midgut
Larval Hindgut
Larval Malpighian Tubules
Larval Fat Body
Larval Salivary Gland
Larval Trachea
Larval Carcass
Adult Head
Adult Eye
Adult Brain
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
Adult Crop
Adult Midgut
Adult Hindgut
Adult Malpighian Tubules
Adult Fat Body
Adult Salivary Gland
Adult Heart
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
Adult Ovary
Adult Testis
Adult Male Accessory Gland
Adult Carcass
FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult
Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed within 18-24 hour embryonic stages, during late pupal stages.
[download data (TSV)]
Please Note FlyBase no
longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list
may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 2 )
Please Note
This section lists
cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent
of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs
of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes.
Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs
to the gene model.
Saisawang et al., 2012, Biochem. J. 442(1): 181--190
A preliminary characterization of the cytosolic glutathione transferase proteome from Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0217315]
Li et al., 2008, Insect Mol. Biol. 17(4): 325--339
Transcriptomic profiles of Drosophila melanogaster third instar larval midgut and responses to oxidative stress. [FBrf0205872]
Low et al., 2007, Genetics 177(3): 1363--1375
Molecular evolution of glutathione S-transferases in the genus drosophila. [FBrf0202224]
Marco et al., 2004, Mol. Biol. Evol. 21(1): 176--187
Evolutionary and structural analyses of GDAP1, involved in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, characterize a novel class of glutathione transferase-related genes. [FBrf0212680]
McGraw et al., 2004, Curr. Biol. 14(16): 1509--1514
Genes regulated by mating, sperm, or seminal proteins in mated female Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0180059]
Sawicki et al., 2003, Biochem. J. 370(2): 661--669
Cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of one Epsilon-class (GST-3) and ten Delta-class (GST-1) glutathione S-transferases from Drosophila melanogaster, and identification of additional nine members of the Epsilon class. [FBrf0158728]
Ranson et al., 2001, Biochem. J. 359(2): 295--304
Identification of a novel class of insect glutathione S-transferases involved in resistance to DDT in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. [FBrf0151633]