FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Nlg4

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Nlg4

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Neuroligin 4

Annotation Symbol

CG34139

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0083975

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

11 publicly available

Gene Summary

Neuroligin 4 (Nlg4) encodes a synaptic adhesion molecule involved in synapse formation and synaptic transmission. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

dnlg4, neuroligin

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

92D5-92D8

Sequence location

3R:20,204,809..20,245,473 [+]

Recombination map

3-68

RefSeq locus

NT_033777 REGION:20204809..20245473

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (14 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables neurexin family protein binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables signaling receptor activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Biological Process (8 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in sleep

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Li et al., 2013)

involved_in synaptic transmission, GABAergic

inferred from direct assay

(Li et al., 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in chemical synaptic transmission

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in neuron cell-cell adhesion

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in postsynaptic membrane assembly

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in presynaptic membrane assembly

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in synaptic vesicle endocytosis

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cell surface

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in plasma membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in postsynaptic membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002889381

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in synapse

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000168538

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Neuroligin 4 (Nlg4) encodes a synaptic adhesion molecule involved in synapse formation and synaptic transmission. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Summary (Interactive Fly)

neural cell adhesion molecule - neuromuscular junction BMP signaling pathway - sleep social behavior, interacts physically interact with Thickveins

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Nlg4 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry A0A6H2EDS1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.54

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Gene model reviewed during 6.32

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Nlg4-RB

FBtr0301074

NM_001170190

5449

1280

Nlg4-RC

FBtr0301075

NM_001043265

5468

1280

Nlg4-RD

FBtr0301680

NM_001170191

5452

1281

Nlg4-RE

FBtr0346343

NM_001300491

6243

1280

Nlg4-RF

FBtr0479780

NM_001382070

5368

1437

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Nlg4-PB

FBpp0290296

136.0

1280

7.73

FBpp0290297

136.0

1280

7.73

FBpp0290894

136.1

1281

7.73

FBpp0312060

136.0

1280

7.73

FBpp0428113

152.3

1437

7.82

QJC18475

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

1280 aa isoforms: Nlg4-PB, Nlg4-PC, Nlg4-PE

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Nlg4 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Nlg4_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.10

Transcript Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 14 -- 16

larval brain

(Zhang et al., 2017)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Zhang et al., 2017)

third instar larval stage

larval brain

(Zhang et al., 2017)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Zhang et al., 2017)

adult stage

l-LNv neuron

• Golgi apparatus

(Li et al., 2013)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male

spermatozoon

(Wasbrough et al., 2010)

Additional Descriptive Data

Nlg4 is expressed in the brain and ventral nerve cord at embryonic stages 14-16 and in third instar larvae. It is especially concentrated in neuropil. It is predominantly expressed in the central neurons and is concentrated in presynaptic boutons of NMJs.

(Zhang et al., 2017)

Nlg4 protein is expressed strongly in adult l-LNv neurons that also express Pdf protein. Immunoreactivity is intracellular, and primarily associated with the Golgi.

(Li et al., 2013)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{Nlg4-GAL4.6}

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

larval brain

(Zhang et al., 2017)

larval ventral nerve cord

(Zhang et al., 2017)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Nlg4 in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Nlg4

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Nlg4

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0083975

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

42402/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0083975

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0083975

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0083975

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG31209

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0083975

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 8 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 11 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Nlg4

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Nlg4

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3R)Exel6271

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Inferred from location ( 5 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal

Nlg4^del

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^117Y

Nlg4^GD3083

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^cry.PZ

Nlg4^GD3083

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^dimm-929

Nlg4^GD3083

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

Nlg4^GD3083

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Nlg4^GD3083

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Rdl.PS

Nlg4^GD3083

viable

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Sterility

Allele

fertile

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal learning | adult stage

Nlg4^MB03367

abnormal locomotor behavior | third instar larval stage

Nlg4^KO10

abnormal locomotor behavior | third instar larval stage (with Df(3R)ED6027)

Nlg4^KO10

abnormal memory | adult stage

Nlg4^MB03367

abnormal neuroanatomy

Nlg4^LL01874

abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage

Nlg4^KO10

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage

Nlg4^KO10

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PU

Nlg4^UAS.cZa

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^RapGAP1-OK6

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage (with Df(3R)ED6027)

Nlg4^KO10

abnormal neurophysiology

Nlg4^LL01874

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage

Nlg4^KO10

abnormal neurophysiology | third instar larval stage (with Df(3R)ED6027)

Nlg4^KO10

abnormal sleep

Nlg4^LL01874

abnormal sleep, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

Nlg4^GD3083

abnormal sleep, with Scer\GAL4^per.PK

Nlg4^GD3083

abnormal sleep (with Df(3R)BSC516)

Nlg4^LL01874

abnormal sleep (with Df(3R)BSC808)

Nlg4^LL01874

abnormal sleep (with Nlg4^del)

Nlg4^LL01874

abnormal sleep (with Nlg4^LL01874)

Nlg4^del

abnormal sleep | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

Nlg4^GD3083

abnormal sleep | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf, Scer\GAL80^ts.αTub84B

Nlg4^GD3083

decreased sleep | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

Nlg4^GD3083

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Nlg4^GD10276

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

axon | adult stage

Nlg4^KO10

axon | third instar larval stage

Nlg4^KO10

axon | third instar larval stage (with Df(3R)ED6027)

Nlg4^KO10

lamina monopolar neuron L4 | adult stage

Nlg4^KO10

l-LNv neuron

Nlg4^LL01874

medulla | adult stage

Nlg4^KO10

NMJ bouton | increased number | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^elav.PU

Nlg4^UAS.cZa

NMJ bouton | increased number | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^RapGAP1-OK6

Nlg4^UAS.cZa

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage

Nlg4^KO10

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^RapGAP1-OK6

Nlg4^GD3083

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage (with Df(3R)ED6027)

Nlg4^KO10

trichogen cell, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

Nlg4^GD10276

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (15)

Hsap\NLGN3

10 of 14

Yes

9 of 14

9 of 14

9 of 14

8 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (24)

Rnor\Nlgn3

10 of 14

Yes

8 of 14

7 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (26)

Mmus\Nlgn3

10 of 14

Yes

8 of 14

8 of 14

5 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (13)

Xtro\nlgn3

8 of 13

Yes

7 of 13

6 of 13

4 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\tg

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (14)

Drer\nlgn1

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\nlgn2a

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\nlgn2b

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\nlgn3a

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\nlgn3b

9 of 14

Yes

Drer\nlgn4xa

9 of 14

Yes

8 of 14

3 of 14

3 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Drer\si:dkey-193c22.1

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (43)

Cele\nlg-1

8 of 14

Yes

4 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Cele\ZK994.1

1 of 14

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (48)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP003115

11 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP003568

5 of 12

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011916

5 of 12

Yes

3 of 12

3 of 12

3 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (3)

Atha\ICME-LIKE1

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\ICME-LIKE2

1 of 13

Yes

Atha\PCME

1 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)

Spom\SPCC417.12

3 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPAC8F11.08c

1 of 12

Yes

Spom\SPAPB18E9.04c

1 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Nlg4. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (34)

Nlg3

8 of 13

Nlg1

6 of 13

Gli

5 of 13

5 of 13

4 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

clt

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

3 of 13

gas

3 of 13

Jhedup

3 of 13

Jhe

3 of 13

Ace

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Nrt

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

autism spectrum disorder, susceptibility to, NLGN-related

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Nlg4^MB03367

model of autism spectrum disorder

CEA

(Dong et al., 2016)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Nlg4^KO10

exacerbates autism spectrum disorder

modeled by Nrx-1^Δ83

(Guangming et al., 2023)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

NLGN3; neuroligin 3

10 of 14

300336

AUTISM, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, X-LINKED 1; AUTSX1

NLGN1; neuroligin 1

9 of 14

NEUROLIGIN 1; NLGN1

AUTISM, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 20; AUTS20

NLGN2; neuroligin 2

9 of 14

606479

NLGN4X; neuroligin 4 X-linked

9 of 14

300427

AUTISM, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, X-LINKED 2; AUTSX2

NLGN4Y; neuroligin 4 Y-linked

8 of 14

400028

CEL; carboxyl ester lipase

3 of 14

114840

MATURITY-ONSET DIABETES OF THE YOUNG, TYPE 8, WITH EXOCRINE DYSFUNCTION; MODY8

maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 8

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

Nlg4 - Rdl

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Li et al., 2013)

Nlg4 - tkv

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Zhang et al., 2017)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Nlg4

suppressible

Mad

(Zhang et al., 2017)

suppressible

(Li et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Zhang et al., 2017)

Nlg4

suppressible

wit

(Zhang et al., 2017)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Dad

suppressible

Nlg4

(Zhang et al., 2017)

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0083975

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

42402

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Drug metabolism - other enzymes

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Drug metabolism - other enzymes

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-68

Cytogenetic map

92D5-92D8

Sequence location

3R:20,204,809..20,245,473 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

92D5-92D8

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-68

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-71.0

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (11)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

23608

w¹¹¹⁸; Mi{ET1}Nlg4^MB03367

58119

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ22056}attP40

43108

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}Nlg4^MI07271

44304

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}Nlg4^MI06255

38265

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMS01710}attP40

81434

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{SAM.dCas9.GS04666}attP40

60246

y¹ w^*; Mi{PT-GFSTF.1}Nlg4^{MI06255-GFSTF.1}/TM6C, Sb¹ Tb⁺

Kyoto

140521

y^* w^*; P{FRT(w^hs)}2A P{neoFRT}82B PBac{SAstopDsRed}Nlg4^LL01874 P{Car20y}96E/TM6B, Tb¹

NIG-Fly

HMJ22056

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ22056}attP40/CyO

VDRC

v108713

P{KK106615}VIE-260B

v6792

w¹¹¹⁸ P{GD3083}v6792

Genomic Clones (40)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (17)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

GH07829

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0083975

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0083975

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Liu et al., 2017, Zhang et al., 2017, Li et al., 2013)

monoclonal

(Zhang et al., 2017)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Nlg4 regulates sleep through modulating GABA transmission in l-LNvs.

(Li et al., 2013)

GABA transmission is largely impaired in Nlg4 mutant flies.

(Li et al., 2013)

Impaired Nlg4 function results in poorly consolidated night sleep, which strongly suggests the involvement of Nlg4 in sleep regulation.

(Li et al., 2013)

RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R⁺ cells.

(Boutros et al., 2004)

New annotation (CG31499) in release 3 of the genome annotation.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: CG31209 BcDNA:AT13703

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2006, FlyBase, 1996-)

Source for merge of: CG15682 CG15683 CG5035

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

Additional comments

Source for merge of CG31209 BcDNA:AT13703 was shared cDNA (AT13703) ( date:030602 ).

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2006, FlyBase, 1996-)

Annotations CG15682, CG15683 and CG5035 merged as CG31209 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (15)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

BcDNA:AT13703

CG15682

CG15683

CG31209

(Matthews, 2008.4.15, Bjorklund et al., 2006)

CG31499

CG34139

(Hosono et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Li et al., 2013, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5)

CG5030

CG5035

(Romey-Glüsing et al., 2018, Boutros et al., 2004)

DNlg4

(Zhang et al., 2017)

Dnlg4

(Corthals et al., 2017)

Nlg4

(Smith et al., 2024, Corthals et al., 2023, Praschberger et al., 2023, Deshpande et al., 2022, McKinney et al., 2021, Mariano et al., 2020, Bellosta and Soldano, 2019, Coll-Tané et al., 2019, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2019-, Ueoka et al., 2019, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Dong et al., 2016, Gene Disruption Project members, 2015-, Li et al., 2013)

dnlg4

(Wu et al., 2018, Liu et al., 2017, Zhang et al., 2017, Li et al., 2013)

neuroligin

(Kamimura and Maeda, 2021)

nlg4

(Brandt and Ackerman, 2025, Gunderson et al., 2021, Guangming et al., 2020)

Name Synonyms

Neuroligin 4

(Shafer, 2025, Dong et al., 2016)

neuroligin

(Brenman-Suttner et al., 2020)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBan0031499
FBgn0038776
FBgn0038777
FBgn0038778
FBgn0038779
FBgn0051209
FBgn0051499
FBgn0063732

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 51 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

42402

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

A0A6H2EDS1

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

A0A6H2EDS1

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0083975

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

42402/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0083975

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0083975

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0083975

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG34139

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

42402

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0083975

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0083975

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0083975

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Nlg4_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0083975

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0083975

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG31209

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0083975

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Drug metabolism - other enzymes

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Drug metabolism - other enzymes

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

42402

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

References (70)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.10

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