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Gene Dmel\shakB

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\shakB	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	shaking B	Annotation symbol	CG34358
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0085387
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	17 publicly available
Also Known As	pas, shak-B, R-9-29, shB, pass, R9-29
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	19E3-19E5	Sequence location	X:20,632,098..20,798,077 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene shaking B is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\shakB (CG34358, FBgn0085387). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: photoreceptor activity; gap junction channel activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: gap junction assembly; phototransduction; response to light stimulus; cell communication by electrical coupling; jump response; regulation of membrane depolarization. 53 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; organ system subdivision; embryonic/larval hypodermal muscle; external compound sense organ; adult segment; peripheral nervous system; histaminergic neuron; abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 4; thoracic segment; indirect flight muscle. It has 8 annotated transcripts and 8 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Innexin. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderate expression to a trough of no expression detected. Peak expression observed within 12-18 embryonic stages, during late pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, adult central nervous system, adult heart. Gene sequence location is X:20632098..20798077.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	shakB: shaking B (J.C. Hall) Some of the shakB mutants are viable but defective in their neural phenotypes as homo-, hemi-, or heterozygotes, but other mutants are homozygous lethals that may or may not complement the viable shakB alleles. The viable mutants have difficulty in controlling leg movements and show leg tremors under ether anesthesia (Homyk et al., 1980). They show no escape response; the flies are unable to jump into the air and fly away at a light off stimulus (Thomas, 1980; Thomas and Wyman, 1984). Unlike the mutant Sh, the leg tremors of shakB are weak and end when the legs are severed from the body (indicating a central nervous system defect). In wild-type flies, the thoracic muscles involved in the escape response are driven by the giant fiber (GF) neuron pathway connecting the brain and thoracic ganglia. In the mutant shakB, the synapse between the GF axon and the post-synaptic interneuron (PSI) or between the PSI and the dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) seems to be defective; thus the DLM does not respond to visual stimulation by depressing the wings in flight. The synapse between the GF axon and the motor neuron of the tergotrochanter muscle (TTM) also seems to be defective, resulting in a weak response or no response from the TTM, the muscle that extends the leg in jumping. The motor neurons "pass over" the midline of the thoracic central nervous system and send aberrant branches into each contralateral mesothoracic ganglion. The abnormal neural phenotype is more pronounced if shakB is uncovered by a deficiency (Wyman and Thomas, 1983; Baird and Hillis, 1985; Baird et al., 1990). The muscles themselves and their neuro-muscular junctions are not abnormal (Thomas and Wyman, 1984). Viable shakB mutants are also characterized by electroretinogram (ERG) abnormalities; the corneal negative component is reduced and the on- and off- transients are reduced or absent. Neurons in the brain are affected, as indicated by failure of one of the superoesophageal brain commissures to fill with cobalt when the antennal nerve is backfilled (Aceves-Pina). shakB3 (= Pas) is partially dominant to wild type in regard to the mutant's elimination of the jump response, but the other viable alleles are recessive. +/Df(1)16-3-35 and +/Df(1)A118 are behaviorally normal, but Df(1)16-3-35/Df(1)A118 females are shakB in phenotype.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03	Polypeptides shakB-PI Transcripts shakB-RI
FB2013_02	Controlled Vocabulary Terms intercellular transport
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 19E3-19E5   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG1702EP1525 and P{EP}EP1465&P{EP}CG1486EP1192
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 19E3-19E3     (Baird et al., 1989) 19E3-19E3   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Krishnan et al., 1993)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)	f (Thomas and Wyman, 1984)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\shakB for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.40 Gene merge based on EST/cDNA data Gene model reviewed during 5.45 Gene model reviewed during 5.51
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) shakB-RA FBtr0112571  NM_170660   3276   372 shakB-RC FBtr0112570  NM_078701   7558   361 shakB-RD FBtr0112569  NM_134566   3028   532 shakB-RE FBtr0112572  NM_001103568   3776   316 shakB-RF FBtr0114645  NM_001144750   2517   292 shakB-RG FBtr0309369  NM_001258858   9300   377 shakB-RH FBtr0309370  NM_001258859   14683   377 shakB-RI FBtr0342859     14924   377
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	2.726 (longest cDNA) (Krishnan et al., 1993) 1.804 (longest cDNA) (Crompton et al., 1992)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein shakB-PA   FBpp0111483   44.4   372   8.91     NP_728361   AAF50883 shakB-PC   FBpp0111482   42.9   361   8.87     NP_523425   AAF50882 shakB-PD   FBpp0111481   61.4   532   9.95     NP_608410   AAF50880 shakB-PE   FBpp0111484   37.7   316   9.48     NP_001097038   ABW09456 shakB-PF   FBpp0113137   35.1   292   9.45     NP_001138222   ACL82952 shakB-PG   FBpp0301271   44.8   377   9.01     NP_001245787   AFH07499 shakB-PH   FBpp0301272   44.8   377   9.01     NP_001245788   AFH07500 shakB-PI   FBpp0309671   44.8   377   9.01
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	361 (aa); 43 (kD) (Krishnan et al., 1993)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Innexin (IPR000990)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA141456   AA141593   AA141714   AA141885   AE014298 AAF50880   AE014298 AAF50882   AE014298 AAF50883   AE014298 ABW09456   AE014298 ACL82952   AE014298 AFH07499   AE014298 AFH07500   AI533463   AI946436   AY060336   BF489526   BG637093   BG639694   BG639888   BI142092   BI165760   BI166102   BI166713   BI358319   BI367893   BI368978   BI566503   BI571671   BI571679   BI581521   BI581636   BI588633   BI589043   BI604852   BI624041   BI638345   BI639929   BT025062   BT132660   CK135062   CO177549   CO178669   CO179410   CO179610   CO187484   CO190469   CO262294   CO265804   CO266528   CO267012   CO268279   CO268775   CO268945   CO269956   CO270095   CO270167   CO270802   CO270891   CO271243   CO272166   CO272320   CO273402   CO273557   CO274786   CO275886   CO276588   CO279733   CO280947   CO281223   CO281268   CO281528   CO281956   CO284210   CO284589   CO284981   CO285357   CO286248   CO286446   CO287437   CO288445   CO291601   CO291625   CO292457   CO293874   CO294915   CO295160   CO295477   CO296503   CO299068   CO299908   CO300848   CO302803   CO303448   CO304137   CO304688   CO304728   CO305432   CO308750   CO309979   CO311288   CO312884   CO314047   CO315692   CO316193   CO316223   CO318861   CO319487   CO319502   CO320331   CO321061   CO321607   CO325098   CO325220   CO325983   CO326143   CO326221   CO327053   CO328882   CO329578   CO331743   CO331749   CO332242   CO332796   CO336331   CO339030   CO339033   CO339567   CO339724   CO340147   CO340901   CO341425   CO341811   CO342049   CO343721   CO344644   EC059735   EC063885   EC065553   EC071342   EC072010   EC089834   EC090110   EC200951   EC202293   EC205311   EC211204   EC225291   EC245151   EC250269   EC250313   EC255533   EC257936   EL872250   EL873358   EL875529   EL884567   EL884568   EL884685   EL884686
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P33085
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   mesothoracic neuromere   (Krishnan et al., 1993) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 12 -- 13   anterior midgut primordium   (Zhang et al., 1999) posterior midgut primordium   (Zhang et al., 1999) embryonic stage 13 -- 15   midgut primordium   (Zhang et al., 1999) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   foregut primordium   (Zhang et al., 1999) dorsal pharyngeal muscle primordium   (Zhang et al., 1999) embryonic stage 14   A1-7 ventral oblique muscle 4   • endoplasmic reticulum (Todman et al., 1999) A1-7 ventral oblique muscle 5   • endoplasmic reticulum (Todman et al., 1999) A1-7 ventral oblique muscle 6   • endoplasmic reticulum (Todman et al., 1999) A1-7 ventral longitudinal muscle 3   • endoplasmic reticulum (Todman et al., 1999) A1-7 ventral longitudinal muscle 4   • endoplasmic reticulum (Todman et al., 1999) embryonic stage 14 -- 17   cell | subset of ventral nerve cord   (Zhang et al., 1999) cell | subset of embryonic/larval brain   (Zhang et al., 1999) embryonic stage 16   midgut constriction   (Zhang et al., 1999) embryonic cardioblast   (Zhang et al., 1999) pharate adult stage P11 -- P15   mesothoracic neuromere   (Krishnan et al., 1993) Comment:reference states >75 hr APF adult stage   giant fiber neuron   (Krishnan et al., 1993) giant fiber neuron   • cell body (Zhang et al., 1999) lamina   • cell body (Zhang et al., 1999)
Additional Descriptive Data
	shakB expression was detected in the giant fibres of young adult brains and at the posterior border of the wing neuromere in T2. Expression is seen in the same cells during pupariation (from 75 hr after pupariation onward). (Krishnan et al., 1993) Expression is isoform-specific (Zhang et al., 1999)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   giant fiber neuron   (Blagburn et al., 1999)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Expression of shakB is observed in regions where the Giant fibers contact the peripherally synapsing interneuron (PSI), and where the giant fiber contacts the tergotrochanteral muscle motor neuron (TTMn). (Blagburn et al., 1999)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
gap junction inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Phelan et al., 1998) inferred from mutant phenotype (Phelan et al., 2008) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Phelan et al., 2008)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, adult central nervous system, adult heart. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    4 central nervous system, pupae P8    198 head, virgin 1-day female    14 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    16 head, mated 4-day male    17 head, mated 20-day male    9 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    19 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    2 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    4 central nervous system, pupae P8  (198) head, virgin 1-day female    14 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    16 head, mated 4-day male    17 head, mated 20-day male    9 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    19 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    2 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    4 central nervous system, pupae P8  (198) head, virgin 1-day female    14 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    16 head, mated 4-day male    17 head, mated 20-day male    9 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    19 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    2 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    4 central nervous system, pupae P8    198 head, virgin 1-day female    14 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    16 head, mated 4-day male    17 head, mated 20-day male    9 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    19 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    2 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    4 central nervous system, pupae P8    198 head, virgin 1-day female    14 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    16 head, mated 4-day male    17 head, mated 20-day male    9 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    19 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    2 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    4 central nervous system, pupae P8  (198) head, virgin 1-day female    14 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    16 head, mated 4-day male    17 head, mated 20-day male    9 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    19 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    2 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    4 central nervous system, pupae P8  (198) head, virgin 1-day female    14 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    16 head, mated 4-day male    17 head, mated 20-day male    9 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    19 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    2 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    0 central nervous system, larvae L3    4 central nervous system, pupae P8    198 head, virgin 1-day female    14 head, virgin 4-day female    10 head, virgin 20-day female    3 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    9 head, mated 20-day female    5 head, mated 1-day male    16 head, mated 4-day male    17 head, mated 20-day male    9 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    1 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    1 digestive system, 1-day adult    0 digestive system, 4-day adult    0 digestive system, 20-day adult    0 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    0 fat body, white prepupae    0 fat body, pupae P8    19 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    1 carcass, 1-day adult    2 carcass, 4-day adult    2 carcass, 20-day adult    1 ovary, virgin 4-day female    0 ovary, mated 4-day female    0 testis, mated 4-day male    0 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderate expression to a trough of no expression detected. Peak expression observed within 12-18 embryonic stages, during late pupal stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    2 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    3 embryo 20-22hr    3 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    5 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    2 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    3 embryo 20-22hr    3 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    5 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    2 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    3 embryo 20-22hr    3 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    5 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    2 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    3 embryo 20-22hr    3 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    5 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    2 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    3 embryo 20-22hr    3 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    5 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    2 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    3 embryo 20-22hr    3 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    5 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    2 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    3 embryo 20-22hr    3 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    5 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    0 embryo 02-04hr    0 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    0 embryo 08-10hr    0 embryo 10-12hr    0 embryo 12-14hr    2 embryo 14-16hr    2 embryo 16-18hr    4 embryo 18-20hr    3 embryo 20-22hr    3 embryo 22-24hr    4 larva L1    2 larva L2    1 larva L3 12hr old    0 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    0 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    0 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    1 white prepupae new    1 white prepupae 12hr    1 white prepupae 24hr    2 pupae 2d postWPP    10 pupae 3d postWPP    5 pupae 4d postWPP    1 adult male 01day    1 adult male 05day    1 adult male 30day    0 adult female 01day    1 adult female 05day    0 adult female 30day    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    0 Schneider line 2 Sg4    0 embryonic 1182-4H    0 embryonic GM2    0 embryonic Kc167    0 embryonic S1    0 embryonic S3    0 leg disc CME L1    0 wing disc CME-W2    0 wing disc ML-DmD8    0 wing disc ML-DmD9    0 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    0 wing disc ML-DmD21    0 wing disc ML-DmD32    0 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    0 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    0 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    0 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    0 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    0 tumorous blood cells mbn2    0 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    0 ovary OSS    5 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    4 cold shock, 4-day adult    4 heat shock, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    1 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    7 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    1 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    0 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    4 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    2 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    1 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    0 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_29 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_13
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • GH23462 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0085387 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG12678-RA;CG32508-RC
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal shakB11 shakB24 lethal, with Dcr-2Scer\UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4e22c, Scer\GAL4sqh.PW shakBGD12666 lethal, with Scer\GAL4arm.PS shakBlethal.Scer\UAS lethal, with Scer\GAL4how-24B shakBlethal.Scer\UAS lethal | larval stage | recessive shakB6 shakB22 lethal | recessive shakB6 shakB11 shakB16 shakB19 shakB20 shakB21 shakB22 shakB24 shakB25 shakBA118 shakBLB21 shakBM126 shakBM131 shakBM142 shakBM207 shakBM214 shakBM234 viable shakB2 shakB3 shakB4 shakBf00199 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 shakBGD7794 shakBGD12666 Sterility Allele fertile shakBf00199 Other Phenotypes Allele behavior defective shakB2 shakB3 shakB6 shakB11 shakB19 shakB20 shakB21 shakB22 shakB24 shakB25 behavior defective | dominant shakB3 behavior defective | recessive shakB2 shakB3 shakBnjP181 behavior defective | semidominant shakB3 flight defective shakB1 shakB2 flightless shakB25 hyperactive shakB1 shakB2 shakB25 neuroanatomy defective shakB2 shakB3 neurophysiology defective shakB2 shakB3 neurophysiology defective | adult stage shakB2 smell perception defective | heat sensitive shakB2 taste perception defective shakB2 shakB3 uncoordinated shakB1 shakB2 shakB3 shakB6 shakB11 shakB19 shakB20 shakB21 shakB22 shakB24 shakB25 Phenotype manifest in Allele abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 4 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 5 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 4 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 5 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 4 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 5 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 4 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 5 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 4 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 5 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 4 shakB11 shakB2 abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 5 shakB11 shakB2 central nervous system shakB2 shakB3 dorsal medial muscle shakB11 shakB19 shakB2 shakB20 shakB22 shakB25 shakB3 shakB6 shakBnjP181 giant fibers & synapse shakB2 lamina shakB2 lamina monopolar neuron shakB2 leg shakB1 shakB2 mesothoracic extracoxal depressor muscle 66 shakB11 shakB19 shakB2 shakB20 shakB22 shakB25 shakB3 shakB6 shakBnjP181 neuron shakB2 photoreceptor cell shakB2 photoreceptor cell R1 shakB2 photoreceptor cell R2 shakB2 photoreceptor cell R3 shakB2 photoreceptor cell R4 shakB2 photoreceptor cell R5 shakB2 photoreceptor cell R6 shakB2 tergal depressor of trochanter muscle motor neuron & synapse shakB2
Classical Alleles ( 43 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of shakB Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion shakB25 hycanthon methanesulfonate 2 Yes shakBf00199 piggyBac transposase 2 -- shakB15 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- shakB20 neutrons 1 Yes shakB6 ethyl methanesulfonate diethyl sulfate 1 Yes shakBf02313 piggyBac transposase 1 -- shakBf07836 piggyBac transposase 1 -- shakBMB03735 1 -- shakBMI02168 1 -- shakBMI06141 1 -- shakB2 loss of function allele, amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes shakB3 antimorphic allele - genetic evidence, amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes shakB10 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB11 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes shakB12 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB13 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB14 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB16 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB18 neutrons 0 -- shakB19 neutrons 0 Yes shakB1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB21 loss of function allele X ray 0 Yes shakB22 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes shakB23 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB24 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes shakB4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB5 X ray 0 -- shakB7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakB9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakBA118 0 -- shakBHC279 0 -- shakBLB21 0 Yes shakBLB6 0 Yes shakBM126 methyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakBM131 methyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakBM142 methyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakBM207 methyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakBM214 methyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakBM234 methyl methanesulfonate 0 -- shakBnjP181 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence PM hybrid dysgenesis P-element activity 0 Yes shakBunspecified 0 -- shakBw-3 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 10 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of shakB Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion shakBGD12666 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes shakBGD7794 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes shakBJF02603 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes shakBJF02604 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes shakBL.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shakBlethal.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shakBN.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shakBneural.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shakBNIG.12678R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes shakBNIG.1321R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(1)16-3-22 (Thomas and Wyman, 1984, Miklos et al., 1987, Balakrishnan and Rodrigues, 1991, Torres and Sanchez, 1992, Baird et al., 1993) Df(1)16-3-35 (Paradi et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1983, Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Baird et al., 1990, Balakrishnan and Rodrigues, 1991, Kramers et al., 1991, Torres and Sanchez, 1992, Krishnan et al., 1993, Baird et al., 1993, Griffin et al., 1993, Krishnan et al., 1995, Crompton et al., 1995) Df(1)17-322 (Munoz, 2004.1.5) Df(1)17-351 (Griffin et al., 1993) Df(1)19-18 (Munoz, 2003.12.10) Df(1)217 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)A118 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969, Miklos et al., 1987, Baird et al., 1990, Baird et al., 1993) Df(1)B12 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969, Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)B57 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969, Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978, Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Balakrishnan and Rodrigues, 1991, Torres and Sanchez, 1992, Baird et al., 1993) Df(1)GA37 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA40 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)HM44 (Kramers et al., 1983, Miklos et al., 1986, Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)HM45 (Kramers et al., 1983) Df(1)LB6 (Schalet and Lefevre, 1973, Perrimon et al., 1989, Torres and Sanchez, 1992, Griffin et al., 1993, Crompton et al., 1995) Df(1)M176 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)mal3 (Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)mal6 (Paradi et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)mal12 (Paradi et al., 1983, Zusman et al., 1985) Df(1)N77 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)Q219 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)Q408 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)R-9-1 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)R-10-5 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)run1112 (Zusman et al., 1985, Perrimon et al., 1989, Torres and Sanchez, 1992) Df(1)T100 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T103 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T107 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T113 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T124 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T130 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T138 (Paradi et al., 1983)
Not disrupted in	Df(1)2/19B (Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)16-2-13 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)16-129 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)17-137 (Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)17-244 (Munoz, 2004.1.5) Df(1)17-257 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)17-351 (Munoz and Cook, 2004.4.7, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)17-489 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)26B (Zusman et al., 1985, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)120 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)127 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)136 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)156 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)167 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)208 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)216 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)218 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)228 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)A19 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)A33 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)A53 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)A58 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)A118 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978, Paradi et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1983, Perrimon et al., 1989, Balakrishnan and Rodrigues, 1991, Kramers et al., 1991, Torres and Sanchez, 1992) Df(1)A122 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)A129 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)A161 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)A200 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)A209 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969, Zusman et al., 1985) Df(1)A211 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B18 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B47 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B56 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)B82 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)B85 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B99 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B111 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)B155 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)B179 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B182 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B199 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B214 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)B225 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B240 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B255 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Df(1)B264 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)C74 (Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)D43L1 (Paradi et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1983, Perrimon et al., 1989, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)DCB1-35b (Zusman et al., 1985, Perrimon et al., 1989, Baird et al., 1993) Df(1)DCB1-35c (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)EA113 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)GA22 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)GA33 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)GA90 (Zusman et al., 1985) Df(1)GA104 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)GA131 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)GE263 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)HC279 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)HF359 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)JA21 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)JA117 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)JC4 (Miklos et al., 1987, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)JC77 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)LB7 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)LB23 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)M31 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)M158 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)M171 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)mal8 (Paradi et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1983, Zusman et al., 1985, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)mal10 (Paradi et al., 1983, Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)mal17 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Df(1)Q38 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)Q539 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969, Paradi et al., 1983, Kramers et al., 1983, Zusman et al., 1985, Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)S54 (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Df(1)Sp20A-F (Schalet, 1986) Df(1)su(f)4B (Kramers et al., 1991) Df(1)su(f)724 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)su(f)733 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)su(f)754 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)su(f)795 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)su(f)7009 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)su(f)7085 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)su(f)9122 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) Df(1)T2-14A (Miklos et al., 1987, Perrimon et al., 1989, Balakrishnan and Rodrigues, 1991) Df(1)T101 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T105 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T106 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T110 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T114 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T122 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T123 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T136 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)T137 (Paradi et al., 1983) Df(1)wl-2 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)X-1 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968, Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)yl-1 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) Df(1)y-X15 (Kramers et al., 1991) Dp(1;Y)y+mal126 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978)
Duplicated in	Dp(1;3)DC090 (Popodi et al., 2010-, Venken et al., 2010) Dp(1;Y)mal+ (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) Dp(1;Y)y+mal102 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)y+mal106 (Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Dp(1;Y)y+mal171 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)y+mal+ (Lefevre, 1981)
Partially disrupted in	Df(1)17-351 (Miklos et al., 1987) Df(1)A118 (Krishnan et al., 1995) Df(1)HC279 (Krishnan et al., 1995)
Not duplicated in	Dp(1;f)mini2 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;f)mini77 (Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos and de Couet, 1990) Dp(1;f)mini-ring (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)B101 (Perrimon et al., 1989) Dp(1;Y)BS (Kramers et al., 1991) Dp(1;Y)y+mal126 (Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Kramers et al., 1991)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD7794} NA P{GD12666} NA P{NIG.1321R} NA P{NIG.12678R} NA P{TRiP.JF02603} NA P{TRiP.JF02604} NA P{UAS-shakB.L} NA P{UAS-shakB.lethal} NA P{UAS-shakB.N} NA P{UAS-shakB.neural} NA GAL4 construct P{Cha-GAL4.7.4} No characterization construct P{shakB(lethal)-GAL4.4.1} NA P{UAS-ogre::shakBo1-107:s98-172:o183-end} NA P{UAS-ogre::shakBo1-182:s173-241:o252-end} NA P{UAS-ogre::shakBo1-182:s173-end} NA P{UAS-ogre::shakBs1-97:o108-end} NA P{UAS-ogre::shakBs1-172:o183-end} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data miscellaneous insertions Mi{MIC}shakBMI02168 NA Mi{MIC}shakBMI06141 NA P{}shakBnjP181 NA PBac{WH}shakBf00199 NA PBac{WH}shakBf02313 NA PBac{WH}shakBf07836 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}shakBMB03735 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 11 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
gap junction channel activity inferred from mutant phenotype (Phelan et al., 2008) inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Phelan et al., 1998) photoreceptor activity inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Shimohigashi and Meinertzhagen, 1998)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
cell communication by electrical coupling inferred from mutant phenotype (Phelan et al., 2008) gap junction assembly inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Phelan et al., 1998) jump response inferred from mutant phenotype (Baird et al., 1990) phototransduction inferred from mutant phenotype (Curtin et al., 2002) regulation of membrane depolarization inferred from mutant phenotype (Phelan et al., 2008) response to light stimulus inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Krishnan et al., 1993)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
gap junction inferred from direct assay (assigned by UniProtKB) (Phelan et al., 1998) inferred from mutant phenotype (Phelan et al., 2008) plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Phelan et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
intercellular transport inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Inx3 (Curators, 2008--)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
gap junction non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 2001.8.20)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions shakB allele Gene References shakB2 ogre::shakB (Curtin et al., 2002) shakB25 smi26D (Anholt et al., 2003) unspecified ogre (Curtin et al., 2002)
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0085387
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (40) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG63V0FG Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6GF3PS Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6S7HKK Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG63R236 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG65XMPR
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG63V0FG)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\shakB     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD24658     Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM22657     Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG17574     Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE15333     Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF15976     Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA25656     Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL15920     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK20049     Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ18913     Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI15107     Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH17771
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6GF3PS)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\shakB   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\shakB   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ018867
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6S7HKK)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB45406   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG015805   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH16157   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP18359   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP18360   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO16610   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL12404   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH12538   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB21402   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI003220   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA007625   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA007626   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM124530   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC011066
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG63R236)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_315242   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW004289   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW010075
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG65XMPR)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\inx-19 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\inx-22 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\inx-18 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\inx-11 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\inx-2 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\inx-5 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\inx-7 Y Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\inx-3 Y
Human Orthologs (0)
Gene OMIM HGNC
AAA Orthologs (0) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
No orthologs identified
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 17 )
Bloomington	7478 shakB20/Binsn 18302 w1118 PBac{WH}shakBf00199 24524 w1118 Mi{ET1}shakBMB03735 27292 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF02604}attP2 34285 y1 w* Mi{MIC}shakBMI02168 8132 w1 shakB15/Binsn/Dp(1;Y)mal+
Harvard	- PBac{WH}shakBf00199 - PBac{WH}shakBf02313 - PBac{WH}shakBf07836
VDRC	v24578 w1118; P{GD7794}v24578 v26801 w1118; P{GD12666}v26801 v26802 w1118; P{GD12666}v26802/CyO
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 3 )
	BACR03J18 BACR11M14 BACR28L06 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 145 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH23462 IP15640
Other clones	IP15940
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT25571 RE05714 RE06130 RE06918 RE45055 RE53763 RE55048 RH06941 RH06949 RH19014 RH30020 RH30716 RH36065 RH56425 RH70341 SD04485 SD05284 SD14952 SD16092 SD20610 SD22651
Other clones	11516 39319 52747 67680 75154 102340 119514 174142 174629 181974 214339.67 214509.4 277366 bs25g10 CK01.127A.E6 CK01.130A.A4 CK01771 CK02256 CK02684 CK02693 EK030002 EK048304 EK053803 EK057316 EK059327 EK060011 EK062229 EK062839 EK065845 EK068527 EK084963 EK090809 EK092643 EK093145 EK097007 EK097351 EK097801 EK100334 EK100937 EK102527 EK106046 EK106728 EK110833 EK111430 EK115509 EK119043 EK121509 EK135752 EK143704 EK146664 EK148339 EK155537 EK156232 EK156329 EK157360 EK159163 EK165514 EK166349 EK167802 EK168827 EK174435 EK176904 EK179526 EK184927 EK186020 EK195604 EK195850 EK197806 EK197836 EK200229 EK205026 EK207953 EK208757 EK209943 EK213836 EK220109 EK224049 EK230464 EK234764 EK241457 EK243939 EK245728 EK245947 EK248604 EK259242 EK262215 EK263921 EK264004 EK274535 EK278350 EK278376 EK284052 EK290234 EK291606 EK293141 EK301608 EK301618 EK302908 EK304554 EN12324 EP00644 EP00647 EP02257 EP03024 EP03318 EP03454 EP05631 EP10112 EP11538 EP12425 EP13216 EP13712 EP17909 EP19647 EP22363 IP04205 IP05226 IP05526 IP15840 RH19163 SD08015
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0085387 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 33062
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: shakB CG1321 (Guan, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: shakB CG12678 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2007) Source for merge of: shakB CG15451 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
Additional comments	Annotations CG32508 and CG12678 merged as CG34358 in release 5.2 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2007) Annotations CG1321 and CG15451 merged as CG32508 in release 3 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003) A number of homozygous lethal alleles have been located in the shakB region. Six of them do not complement the shakB neural phenotype; two of the remainder have been tested and found to complement this neural phenotype, but do not complement the lethality of the other lethal alleles. The six noncomplementing lethals also fail to complement Df(1)16-3-35 (distal deficiency) and Df(1)A118 (proximal deficiency), while the two complementing lethals complement Df(1)A118 but not Df(1)16-3-35.
Other Comments
	Domain-swapping experiments for shakB and ogre indicate that residues crucial for innexin function are found in the intracellular loop and well as a short stretch N-terminal to the second transmembrane domain. (Curtin et al., 2002) Electroretinograms for molecular chimeras and rescue constructs for shakB and ogre indicate that innexins are not interchangeable in their roles of promoting normal neural development in flies. (Curtin et al., 2002) Mutations in shakB eliminate electrical, but not chemical synapses in the giant fiber escape system. (Blagburn et al., 1999) shakB expressed in paired Xenopus oocytes localises to the membrane and its presence induces the formation of intercellular channels. (Phelan et al., 1998) shakB causes a reduction in number of structural gap junctions relative to wild type, this action is localised to the middle and upper depths of the lamina. (Shimohigashi and Meinertzhagen, 1998) Expression of neuronal shakB protein coincides with, and is essential for, the establishment of functional electrical (gap-junctional) synapses. (Phelan et al., 1996) shakB is necessary for gap-junctional communication between the neurons of the giant fibre system. (Sun and Wyman, 1996) Multiple transcripts are produced from shakB by differential splicing and alternate promoter usage. Essential and neural transcripts of shakB are differentially expressed in the embryonic mesoderm and pupal nervous system. On the basis of its expression pattern and the phenotypes of mutants at shakB and homologous genes, shakB and its homologues may be involved in the organization of cellular membranes. (Crompton et al., 1995) shakB locus encodes two proteins, one necessary for the giant fibre system and one necessary for viability. Neural only mutations map to neural specific exons, lethal mutations map to viable specific exons and inactivate the other protein, neural lethal mutations map to the common exons and inactivate both proteins. (Krishnan et al., 1995) Dye coupling between the giant fiber and its post-synaptic targets is absent in neural shakB mutants. The shakB protein may act to stabilise the gap junctions. (Todman et al., 1995) Driving of tergotrochanteral muscle motorneuron by the giant fiber is defective in mutant genotypes, despite its generally normal pathfinding i.e. growing into the normal synaptic region, suggesting that shakB may disrupt cell recognition, synaptogenesis, or synaptic function in the tergotrochanteral muscle motorneuron or its presynaptic partners. (Baird et al., 1993) Gene cloned from a P element induced allele and the sequence suggests a membrane protein gene product. (Krishnan et al., 1993) shakB encodes a putative 120 amino acid protein with 48% identity to that of ogre. (Crompton et al., 1992) Behavioural data suggests antennal and maxillary basiconic sensilla may be important receptors for short chain alcohols and organic acids but less crucial for acetates, aldehydes and ketones. (Venard and Stocker, 1991) shakB locus may contain two functional domains: one required for viability and the other for a normal neuronal phenotype. (Baird et al., 1990) Mutations disrupt the synaptic transmission of the giant fibre (GF) - tergotrochanteral muscle (TTM, jumping muscle) pathway and the giant fibre (GF) - dorso-longitudinal muscle (DLM) pathway. (Thomas and Wyman, 1984) Some of the shakB mutants are viable but defective in their neural phenotypes as homo-, hemi-, or heterozygotes, but other mutants are homozygous lethals that may or may not complement the viable shakB alleles. The viable mutants have difficulty in controlling leg movements and show leg tremors under ether anesthesia (Homyk et al., 1980). They show no escape response; the flies are unable to jump into the air and fly away at a light off stimulus (Thomas, 1980; Thomas and Wyman, 1984). Unlike the mutant Sh, the leg tremors of shakB are weak and end when the legs are severed from the body (indicating a central nervous system defect). In wild-type flies, the thoracic muscles involved in the escape response are driven by the giant fiber (GF) neuron pathway connecting the brain and thoracic ganglia. In the mutant shakB, the synapse between the GF axon and the postsynaptic interneuron (PSI) or between the PSI and the dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) seems to be defective; thus the DLM does not respond to visual stimulation by depressing the wings in flight. The synapse between the GF axon and the motor neuron of the tergotrochanter muscle (TTM) also seems to be defective, resulting in a weak response or no response from the TTM, the muscle that extends the leg in jumping. The motor neurons 'pass over' the midline of the thoracic central nervous system and send aberrant branches into each contralateral mesothoracic ganglion. The abnormal neural phenotype is more pronounced if shakB is uncovered by a deficiency (Wyman and Thomas, 1983; Baird and Hillis, 1985; Baird, Schalet and Wyman, 1990). The muscles themselves and their neuro-muscular junctions are not abnormal (Thomas and Wyman, 1984). Viable shakB mutants are also characterized by electroretinogram (ERG) abnormalities; the corneal negative component is reduced and the on- and off- transients are reduced or absent. Neurons in the brain are affected, as indicated by failure of one of the superoesophageal brain commissures to fill with cobalt when the antennal nerve is backfilled (Aceves-Pina). shakB3 (= Pas) is partially dominant to wild type in regard to the mutant's elimination of the jump response, but the other viable alleles are recessive. +/Df(1)16-3-35 and +/Df(1)A118 are behaviorally normal, but Df(1)16-3-35/Df(1)A118 females are shakB in phenotype.
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_078701 NM_134566 NM_170660 NM_001103568 NM_001144750 NM_001258858 NM_001258859 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_523425 NP_608410 NP_728361 NP_001097038 NP_001138222 NP_001245787 NP_001245788 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF50880 AAF50882 AAF50883 ABW09456 ACL82952 AFH07499 AFH07500 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 33062 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P33085
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Innexin (IPR000990) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • GH23462
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0085387 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0085387 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0085387 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG12678-RA;CG32508-RC FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0085387 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 33062 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0085387
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 46 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	2 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) 3 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) 6 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) CG1321   CG12678   CG15451   CG32508   CG34358 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2007, Tsubouchi et al., 2012) E81 (Schalet and Lefevre, 1973) FBpp0111481 (Abascal and Zardoya, 2013) inx8 (Wu et al., 2011) l(1)19Eb   l(1)LB21   l(1)R-9-29 (Paradi et al., 1983) l(1)R-10-3   l(1)R-10-7   l(1)R-10-14   l(1)TH73   l(1)W3 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978) l(1)W3b   nj156   nj-156   pas (Curtin et al., 1999, Zhang and Wyman, 1999, Thomas and Wyman, 1983, ) Pas (Egger et al., 1997, Sun et al., 1995, Krishnan et al., 1995, Frei et al., 1995, Krishnan et al., 1993, Krishnan et al., 1993, Krishnan et al., 1991, Baird et al., 1990, Swain et al., 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, ) pass (Littleton and Ganetzky, 2000, Thomas and Wyman, 1984) R-9-29 (Kramers et al., 1991, Baird et al., 1990, Schalet, 1986, Lefevre and Watkins, 1986, Kramers et al., 1983, Paradi et al., 1983, Lefevre, 1981) R9-29 (Lifschytz and Yakobovitz, 1978, Lifschytz, 1978) shakB (Stark et al., 2005, Yaksi and Wilson, 2010, Tountas and Fortini, 2007, Guan et al., 2011, Phelan et al., 2008, Venken et al., 2009, Perkins et al., 2009.8.10, Venken et al., 2009, Popodi et al., 2010-, Song and Tanouye, 2006, Tsubouchi et al., 2012, Sudhakaran et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Venken et al., 2010) shak-B (Tazuke et al., 2002, Todman et al., 1999, Tam et al., 1998, Crompton et al., 1995, Griffin et al., 1993, Crompton et al., 1993, Balakrishnan and Rodrigues, 1991, Kuebler et al., 2001, Allen and Murphey, 2007, Elliott and Sparrow, 2012) Shak B (Lee and Wu, 2002) Shak-B (Crompton, 1995.9.26, Abascal and Zardoya, 2013) ShakB (Johnson et al., 1997, Lawniczak and Begun, 2004, Depriest et al., 2011) shB (Curtin et al., 2002, Curtin et al., 2001, Curtin et al., 2001) shkB (Russell et al., 1992) W3 (Lifschytz, 1978)
Name Synonym	CG12678   non-jumper-156   passover (Krishnan, 1993.7.7, Burden and Osheroff, 1999, Phillis et al., 1993, Thomas and Wyman, 1984, Thomas and Wyman, 1983, ) Passover (Chiba and Keshishian, 1996, Sun and Wyman, 1996, Frei et al., 1995, Krishnan et al., 1993, Seeger, 1994, ) passover-vital protein (Krishnan, 1994.11.19) section 2 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) section 3 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1968) section 6 (Lifschytz and Falk, 1969) shaking B (Tsuda et al., 2006, Tsubouchi et al., 2012) Shaking-B (Phelan and Starich, 2001, Depriest et al., 2011) shaking-B (Tearle et al., 2001, Crompton, 1996.2.23, Phelan et al., 1996, Phelan et al., 2008, Kuebler et al., 2001, Song and Tanouye, 2006, Allen and Murphey, 2007) Shaking B (Guan et al., 2011)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBan0032508 FBgn0003037 FBgn0031131 FBgn0031133 FBgn0052508
References ( 158 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 158 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 76 ) Supplementary material  ( 5 ) Review  ( 13 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 14 ) Abstract  ( 32 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 4 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 4 ) Conference report  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 3 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 ) Letter  ( 3 )
Recent research papers ( 5 )
	Elliott and Sparrow, 2012, Methods 56(1): 78--86 In vivo measurement of muscle output in intact Drosophila. [FBrf0217678] Sudhakaran et al., 2012, J. Neurosci. 32(21): 7225--7231 Plasticity of recurrent inhibition in the Drosophila antennal lobe. [FBrf0218409] Depriest et al., 2011, Biophys. J. 101(10): 2408--2416 Tryptophan Scanning Mutagenesis of the First Transmembrane Domain of the Innexin Shaking-B(Lethal). [FBrf0216712] Guan et al., 2011, Learn. Mem. 18(4): 191--206 Altered gene regulation and synaptic morphology in Drosophila learning and memory mutants. [FBrf0213277] Wu et al., 2011, Curr. Biol. 21(10): 848--854 Heterotypic Gap Junctions between Two Neurons in the Drosophila Brain Are Critical for Memory. [FBrf0213804] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews ( 1 )
	Abascal and Zardoya, 2013, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1828(1): 4--14 Evolutionary analyses of gap junction protein families. [FBrf0219962] Show all reviews ...