FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\mute

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\mute

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

muscle wasted

Annotation Symbol

CG34415

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0085444

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

12 publicly available

Gene Summary

muscle wasted (mute) encodes a component of the histone locus body involved in muscle homeostasis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Interactive Fly

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

53E2-53E2

Sequence location

2R:16,948,296..16,955,266 [-]

Recombination map

2-81

RefSeq locus

NT_033778 REGION:16948296..16955266

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (6 terms)

Molecular Function (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables transcription coregulator activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001042987

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Biological Process (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in muscle cell cellular homeostasis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bulchand et al., 2010)

involved_in ventral cord development

inferred from high throughput mutant phenotype

(Bivik et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003822, InterPro:IPR036600

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001042987

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Cellular Component (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in histone locus body

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Rieder et al., 2017)

located_in histone locus body

inferred from direct assay

(White et al., 2011, Bulchand et al., 2010)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001042987

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

muscle wasted (mute) encodes a component of the histone locus body involved in muscle homeostasis. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26]

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\mute for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry A8DYH1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

mute-RC

FBtr0112691

NM_001103882

5751

1739

mute-RD

FBtr0112692

NM_206141

3340

665

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

mute-PC

FBpp0111603

196.0

1739

6.19

FBpp0111604

74.5

665

6.52

Q8MS31

NP_995863

AAS64832

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\mute using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.19

Transcript Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

organism | ubiquitous

Comment: all nuclei

(Bulchand et al., 2010)

larval somatic muscle cell

(Bulchand et al., 2010)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood

adult heart

(Cammarato et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in histone locus body

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Rieder et al., 2017)

located_in histone locus body

inferred from direct assay

(White et al., 2011, Bulchand et al., 2010)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\mute in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\mute

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\mute

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

2768848/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0085444

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0085444

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0085444

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG33456

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0085444

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 5 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 12 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of mute

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of mute

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 3 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(2R)ED2751

(Kahsai et al., 2016)

Df(2R)Exel6065

(Bulchand et al., 2010)

Gene partially disrupted in

Df(2R)CRIMIC-CR70153

(Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-)

Inferred from location ( 7 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

mute^GD9073

lethal (with Df(2R)ED2751)

mute¹²⁸¹

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

mute^GD9073

lethal - all die during embryonic stage (with Df(2R)Exel6065)

mute¹²⁸¹

lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

mute^GD9073

partially lethal, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

mute^GD9073

Sterility

Allele

female sterile | germline clone | recessive

mute¹²⁸¹

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal neuroanatomy

abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

mute^GD9073

some die during embryonic stage (with Df(2R)Exel6065)

mute¹²⁸¹

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

mute^GD9073

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

apterous-expressing neuron of the lateral cluster of the thorax

apterous-expressing neuron of the lateral cluster of the thorax Ap4

ganglion mother cell | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^insc-Mz1407

mute^GD9073

larval somatic muscle cell

mute¹²⁸¹

larval somatic muscle cell (with Df(2R)Exel6065)

mute¹²⁸¹

larval somatic muscle cell (with mute¹²⁸¹)

mute^NP1160

larval somatic muscle cell (with mute^NP1160)

mute¹²⁸¹

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (2)

Hsap\GON4L

6 of 14

Yes

Hsap\YY1AP1

4 of 14

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)

Rnor\Gon4l

5 of 14

Yes

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)

Mmus\Gon4l

5 of 14

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)

Xtro\gon4l

4 of 13

Yes

Xtro\fra10ac1

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (2)

Drer\gon4lb

6 of 14

Yes

Drer\gon4la

5 of 14

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

Cele\gon-4

2 of 14

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP004473

9 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP004472

2 of 12

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)

Atha\DUO3

1 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:mute. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

GON4L; gon-4 like

6 of 14

610393

YY1AP1; YY1 associated protein 1

4 of 14

607860

GRANGE SYNDROME; GRNG

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:

Off

Show/hide secondary interactors
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)

Select Layout:

Force Directed

Circle

Concentric

Legend:

Protein

RNA

Selected Interactor(s)

Other Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

mute

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(White et al., 2011)

mute - mxc

pull down, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Yang et al., 2014, White et al., 2011)

mute - wge

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Ozawa et al., 2016)

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

mute - Cp190

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, full identification by DNA sequencing

(Matzat et al., 2013)

mute - su(Hw)

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, full identification by DNA sequencing

(Matzat et al., 2013)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Other Interaction Browsers

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0085444

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

2768848

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-81

Cytogenetic map

53E2-53E2

Sequence location

2R:16,948,296..16,955,266 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

53E2-53E2

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}CG6426^k10209&P{lacW}veg^k07202 and P{lacW}l(2)k07408^k07408

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-81

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-84.8

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (12)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

34055

y¹ w^*; mute¹²⁸¹/CyO

22655

y¹ w^67c23; P{EPgy2}mute^EY22147/CyO

80001

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TOE.GS02842}attP40

62190

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMC05197}attP40

59391

w¹¹¹⁸; P{FMRFa-EGFP.Tv}2, P{UAS-myr-mRFP}1, mute^05FH/CyO, P{Dfd-EYFP}2

59390

w¹¹¹⁸; P{FMRFa-EGFP.Tv}2, P{UAS-myr-mRFP}1, mute^03P101/CyO, P{Dfd-EYFP}2

Kyoto

103906

y^* w^*; P{GawB}mute^NP1160 / CyO, P{UAS-lacZ.UW14}UW14

112545

y^* w^*; P{GawB}mute^NP1160 / CyO, P{UAS-lacZ.UW14}UW14

NIG-Fly

15610R-3

P{NIG.15610R}3

2RG-1583

y² VhaAC39-1^cho-1 v¹; P{U6-mute.NIG.sgRNA}attP40/CyO

VDRC

v105257

P{KK104734}VIE-260B

v25074

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD9073}v25074

Genomic Clones (25)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (78)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

RE27864

Other clones

MIP10780

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0085444

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

LP18324

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0085444

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Sang et al., 2022, Bulchand et al., 2010)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: CG33455 CG33456

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2007)

Additional comments

Annotations CG33455 and CG33456 merged as CG34415 in release 5.2 of the genome annotation.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2007)

Annotation CG15610 split into CG33455 and CG33456 in release 3.2 of the genome annotation.

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2004)

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: mute CG34415

(Bulchand et al., 2010)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

The gene is named "muscle wasted" after the degenerative muscle phenotype of mutants.

(Bulchand et al., 2010)

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG15610

(Giot et al., 2003)

CG33455

(Baeg et al., 2007)

CG33456

CG34415

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Hosono et al., 2015, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Fukuoh et al., 2014, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Cammarato et al., 2011, Neumüller et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2007)

Mute

(Sang et al., 2022, Koreski et al., 2020, Ozawa et al., 2016, Tatomer et al., 2016, McKay et al., 2015, Tatomer et al., 2014, Yang et al., 2014, Salzler et al., 2013, Burch et al., 2011, White et al., 2011)

mute

(Ding et al., 2022, Vrailas-Mortimer et al., 2021, Kurihara et al., 2020, Tanabe et al., 2019, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Bivik et al., 2015, Luck et al., 2014, Matzat et al., 2013, Izutsu et al., 2012, Bulchand et al., 2010)

Name Synonyms

CG33455

CG33456

muscle wasted

(White et al., 2011, Bulchand et al., 2010)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0034170
FBgn0053455
FBgn0053456

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 34 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

2768848

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

A8DYH1

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

A8DYH1

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

2768848/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0085444

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0085444

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0085444

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG34415

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

2768848

Linkouts

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0085444

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0085444

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0085444

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0085444

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0085444

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG33456

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0085444

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC009918

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

2768848

References (59)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.19

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