Gene Dmel\t

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General Information

Symbol

Dmel\t

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

tan

Annotation symbol

CG12120

Feature type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0086367

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock availability

29 publicly available

Genomic Location

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

1-27.5

Cytogenetic map

8D1-8D1

Sequence location

X:9,111,688..9,117,290 [-]

Genomic Maps

Select View:

Summary Information

Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information

The gene tan is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\t (CG12120, FBgn0086367). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: beta-alanyl-histamine hydrolase activity; hydrolase activity; beta-alanyl-dopamine hydrolase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: dopamine biosynthetic process; cuticle pigmentation; histamine biosynthetic process; flight behavior; histamine metabolic process; visual perception. 26 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: adult cuticle; mesothoracic tergum; synaptic vesicle. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Peptidase C45, acyl-coenzyme A:6-aminopenicillanic acid acyl-transferase. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed during late pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult Malpighian tubules. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval fat body, larval trachea, adult carcass. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1638505_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of t. Gene sequence location is X:9111688..9117290.

User Contributed Data

Beta version, feedback welcome

Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)

Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage

t: tan (J.C. Hall)

Body color varies from light tan to almost wildtype. Easiest to identify by light tan antennae; male easier than female. Larval mouthparts in mutant alleles, t1, t2, and t3 lighter than normal at basal prongs; classifiable with difficulty in larvae (Brehme, 1941, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 27: 254-61). Neurological defect first observed in t1 by McEwen (1918), who reported that the mutant flies behaved as if they were nonphotactic in his test apparatus (tube with light at one end); Benzer (1967) and Pak et al., (1969), using a similar but more elaborate apparatus and EMS-induced tan alleles, reached the same conclusion. In a Y-maze test for phototaxis, however, tan mutants are sensitive to light (Hadler, 1984, Biol. Bull. 126: 264-73). In the electroretinogram (ERG) tracing obtained when one electrode is inserted in the first optic ganglion (lamina) below the ommatidia, the on- and off-transients of tan flies are reduced or missing, but the other ERG components are present, indicating that the mutant is not blind although it appears behaviorly blind in some tests. Mosaic studies (Hotta and Benzer, 1970, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 67: 1156-63) indicate that the ERG phenotype of tan is cell autonomous. The optomotor responses of mutants to horizontal and vertical movements are abnormal in that light intensity thresholds for responses are raised, the extent depending on the allele (Heisenberg, 1971, DIS 46: 68; Heisenberg and Gotz, 1975; Heisenberg and Buchner, 1977). No walking optomotor responses are detected, but there can be positive responses in flying optomotor tests if the rotating vertical stripes are relatively wide. The enzyme tyrosinase, which converts tyrosine to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), is formed in tan adults (Horowitz). Dopamine, an important component of catecholamine metabolism (involved in both melanization of cuticle and synthesis of neurotransmitters), has been found in reduced amounts (about 60% of the wild-type concentration) in t1 and t5 (Konopka, 1972). The dopamine was detected only in late pupae that show some pigmentation and in adult flies. One of the enzymes involved in the formation of dopamine, β-alanyldopamine hydrolase (BAH), shows no activity in t/t and t/Y mutants and reduced activity in t/+ heterozygotes as compared to wild-type (Black, Pentz, and Wright). This dosage effect implicates tan as the structural gene for BAH (Wright, 1987). The mutant tan is defective in courtship behaviors, the males showing aberrant visually-mediated responses to moving female flies (Cook, 1980, Biol. Cybernet. 37: 41-51; Tompkins, Gross, Hall, Gailey, and Siegel, 1982, Behav. Genet. 12: 295-307).

Recent Updates

Description

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This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms).

What does this section not display?

This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.

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FB2013_03

FB2013_02

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Detailed Mapping Data

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

8D1-8D1

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1450&P{EP}EP1356 and P{EP}EP912^EP912; Left limit from inclusion within Df(1)t282-1 (FBrf0005862) Right limit from recombination mapping relative to l(1)291-7 (FBrf0004287)

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

8D1-8D1

Location inferred from insertion in: t^d07784Location inferred from insertion in: t^GG01557Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1450&P{EP}EP1356 and P{EP}EP912^EP912;

(True et al., 2005)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

1-27.5

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Gene Model & Products

Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\t for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Associated CDS (aa)

t-RA

FBtr0071335

NM_132315

1975

387

t-RB

FBtr0340327

1632

387

Additional Transcript Data & Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank protein

t-PA

FBpp0071270

43.7

387

7.14

NP_572543

AAF46466

t-PB

FBpp0309288

43.7

387

7.14

Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites

•

Peptidase C45, acyl-coenzyme A:6-aminopenicillanic acid acyl-transferase (IPR005079)

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

Name

Q9W369

Mapped Features

Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details.

Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports.

Type

Symbol & Location

Additional Notes

References

External Data

Linkouts

Crossreferences

Expression Data

Transcript Expression

expression microarray

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

eye

(Xu et al., 2004)

Additional Descriptive Data

Eye-enriched transcripts determined by ratio of expression level in wild-type heads. versus expression level in so heads.

(Xu et al., 2004)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

photoreceptor cell

(Wagner et al., 2007)

photoreceptor cell R1 -- photoreceptor cell R8

(Wagner et al., 2007)

medulla | restricted

(Wagner et al., 2007)

lamina | restricted

(Wagner et al., 2007)

western blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

(Wagner et al., 2007)

Additional Descriptive Data

t is found to be strongly immunolabelled in the terminals of photoreceptor cells R to R6 in the lamina, and of photoreceptor cells R7 and R8 in the medulla.

(Wagner et al., 2007)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)

CV term

Evidence

References

cytosol

inferred from direct assay

(Wagner et al., 2007)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data

(FlyAtlas-RNA.adult)

(FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Back-to-back
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High level expression bin max
	Very high expression bin max

Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult head, adult eye, larval/adult Malpighian tubules. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval fat body, larval trachea, adult carcass.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors
	No expression (0 - 9.999)
	Low expression (10 - 99.999)
	Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)
	High level expression (500 - 999.999)
	Very high expression (>999.999)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		8.075
Larval Midgut		95.7
Larval Hindgut		150.9
Larval Malpighian Tubules		702.8
Larval Fat Body		157.7
Larval Salivary Gland		12.8
Larval Trachea		114.775
Larval Carcass		13.55
Adult Head		1206.8
Adult Eye		2063.5
Adult Brain		55.8
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		8.4
Adult Crop		17.9
Adult Midgut		129.7
Adult Hindgut		323.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		1003.9
Adult Fat Body		31.7
Adult Salivary Gland		58.9
Adult Heart		13.175
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		20.9
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		33
Adult Ovary		3.2
Adult Testis		45.2
Adult Male Accessory Gland		42.8
Adult Carcass		164.8
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		8.075
Larval Midgut		95.7
Larval Hindgut		150.9
Larval Malpighian Tubules		(702.8)
Larval Fat Body		157.7
Larval Salivary Gland		12.8
Larval Trachea		114.775
Larval Carcass		13.55
Adult Head		(1206.8)
Adult Eye		(2063.5)
Adult Brain		55.8
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		8.4
Adult Crop		17.9
Adult Midgut		129.7
Adult Hindgut		323.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		(1003.9)
Adult Fat Body		31.7
Adult Salivary Gland		58.9
Adult Heart		13.175
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		20.9
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		33
Adult Ovary		3.2
Adult Testis		45.2
Adult Male Accessory Gland		42.8
Adult Carcass		164.8
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High

Linear, scaled to High level expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		8.075
Larval Midgut		95.7
Larval Hindgut		150.9
Larval Malpighian Tubules		702.8
Larval Fat Body		157.7
Larval Salivary Gland		12.8
Larval Trachea		114.775
Larval Carcass		13.55
Adult Head		(1206.8)
Adult Eye		(2063.5)
Adult Brain		55.8
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		8.4
Adult Crop		17.9
Adult Midgut		129.7
Adult Hindgut		323.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		1003.9
Adult Fat Body		31.7
Adult Salivary Gland		58.9
Adult Heart		13.175
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		20.9
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		33
Adult Ovary		3.2
Adult Testis		45.2
Adult Male Accessory Gland		42.8
Adult Carcass		164.8
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Linear, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		8.075
Larval Midgut		95.7
Larval Hindgut		150.9
Larval Malpighian Tubules		702.8
Larval Fat Body		157.7
Larval Salivary Gland		12.8
Larval Trachea		114.775
Larval Carcass		13.55
Adult Head		1206.8
Adult Eye		2063.5
Adult Brain		55.8
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		8.4
Adult Crop		17.9
Adult Midgut		129.7
Adult Hindgut		323.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		1003.9
Adult Fat Body		31.7
Adult Salivary Gland		58.9
Adult Heart		13.175
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		20.9
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		33
Adult Ovary		3.2
Adult Testis		45.2
Adult Male Accessory Gland		42.8
Adult Carcass		164.8
Expression Level Scale		Very high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		8.075
Larval Midgut		95.7
Larval Hindgut		150.9
Larval Malpighian Tubules		702.8
Larval Fat Body		157.7
Larval Salivary Gland		12.8
Larval Trachea		114.775
Larval Carcass		13.55
Adult Head		1206.8
Adult Eye		2063.5
Adult Brain		55.8
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		8.4
Adult Crop		17.9
Adult Midgut		129.7
Adult Hindgut		323.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		1003.9
Adult Fat Body		31.7
Adult Salivary Gland		58.9
Adult Heart		13.175
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		20.9
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		33
Adult Ovary		3.2
Adult Testis		45.2
Adult Male Accessory Gland		42.8
Adult Carcass		164.8
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		8.075
Larval Midgut		95.7
Larval Hindgut		150.9
Larval Malpighian Tubules		702.8
Larval Fat Body		157.7
Larval Salivary Gland		12.8
Larval Trachea		114.775
Larval Carcass		13.55
Adult Head		(1206.8)
Adult Eye		(2063.5)
Adult Brain		55.8
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		8.4
Adult Crop		17.9
Adult Midgut		129.7
Adult Hindgut		323.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		(1003.9)
Adult Fat Body		31.7
Adult Salivary Gland		58.9
Adult Heart		13.175
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		20.9
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		33
Adult Ovary		3.2
Adult Testis		45.2
Adult Male Accessory Gland		42.8
Adult Carcass		164.8
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High

log, scaled to High level expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		8.075
Larval Midgut		95.7
Larval Hindgut		150.9
Larval Malpighian Tubules		702.8
Larval Fat Body		157.7
Larval Salivary Gland		12.8
Larval Trachea		114.775
Larval Carcass		13.55
Adult Head		1206.8
Adult Eye		(2063.5)
Adult Brain		55.8
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		8.4
Adult Crop		17.9
Adult Midgut		129.7
Adult Hindgut		323.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		1003.9
Adult Fat Body		31.7
Adult Salivary Gland		58.9
Adult Heart		13.175
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		20.9
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		33
Adult Ovary		3.2
Adult Testis		45.2
Adult Male Accessory Gland		42.8
Adult Carcass		164.8
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

log, scaled to Very high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System		8.075
Larval Midgut		95.7
Larval Hindgut		150.9
Larval Malpighian Tubules		702.8
Larval Fat Body		157.7
Larval Salivary Gland		12.8
Larval Trachea		114.775
Larval Carcass		13.55
Adult Head		1206.8
Adult Eye		2063.5
Adult Brain		55.8
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion		8.4
Adult Crop		17.9
Adult Midgut		129.7
Adult Hindgut		323.2
Adult Malpighian Tubules		1003.9
Adult Fat Body		31.7
Adult Salivary Gland		58.9
Adult Heart		13.175
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca		20.9
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca		33
Adult Ovary		3.2
Adult Testis		45.2
Adult Male Accessory Gland		42.8
Adult Carcass		164.8
Expression Level Scale		None Low Moderate High Very high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
Larval Midgut
Larval Hindgut
Larval Malpighian Tubules
Larval Fat Body
Larval Salivary Gland
Larval Trachea
Larval Carcass
Adult Head
Adult Eye
Adult Brain
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
Adult Crop
Adult Midgut
Adult Hindgut
Adult Malpighian Tubules
Adult Fat Body
Adult Salivary Gland
Adult Heart
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
Adult Ovary
Adult Testis
Adult Male Accessory Gland
Adult Carcass

FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult
Larval Expression Level	Tissue	Adult Expression Level
NA	Head	1206.8
NA	Eye	2063.5
NA	Brain	55.8
8.075	Central Nervous System	NA
NA	Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion	8.4
NA	Crop	no informative data
95.7	Midgut	129.7
150.9	Hindgut	323.2
702.8	Malpighian Tubules	1003.9
157.7	Fat Body	31.7
no informative data	Salivary Gland	58.9
NA	Heart	13.175
114.775	Trachea	NA
NA	VirginFemale Spermatheca	20.9
NA	InseminatedFemale Spermatheca	33
NA	Ovary	3.2
NA	Testis	45.2
NA	Male Accessory Gland	42.8
13.55	Carcass	164.8

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)

modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq

modENCODE Tissue Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		2
central nervous system, larvae L3		0
central nervous system, pupae P8		1
head, virgin 1-day female		52
head, virgin 4-day female		50
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		37
head, mated 4-day female		41
head, mated 20-day female		68
head, mated 1-day male		58
head, mated 4-day male		61
head, mated 20-day male		73
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		3
digestive system, 1-day adult		13
digestive system, 4-day adult		6
digestive system, 20-day adult		6
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		2
fat body, white prepupae		1
fat body, pupae P8		18
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		1
carcass, 1-day adult		3
carcass, 4-day adult		2
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		7
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		2
central nervous system, larvae L3		0
central nervous system, pupae P8		1
head, virgin 1-day female		(52)
head, virgin 4-day female		(50)
head, virgin 20-day female		(64)
head, mated 1-day female		(37)
head, mated 4-day female		(41)
head, mated 20-day female		(68)
head, mated 1-day male		(58)
head, mated 4-day male		(61)
head, mated 20-day male		(73)
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		3
digestive system, 1-day adult		13
digestive system, 4-day adult		6
digestive system, 20-day adult		6
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		2
fat body, white prepupae		1
fat body, pupae P8		18
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		1
carcass, 1-day adult		3
carcass, 4-day adult		2
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		7
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		2
central nervous system, larvae L3		0
central nervous system, pupae P8		1
head, virgin 1-day female		52
head, virgin 4-day female		50
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		37
head, mated 4-day female		41
head, mated 20-day female		68
head, mated 1-day male		58
head, mated 4-day male		61
head, mated 20-day male		73
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		3
digestive system, 1-day adult		13
digestive system, 4-day adult		6
digestive system, 20-day adult		6
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		2
fat body, white prepupae		1
fat body, pupae P8		18
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		1
carcass, 1-day adult		3
carcass, 4-day adult		2
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		7
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		2
central nervous system, larvae L3		0
central nervous system, pupae P8		1
head, virgin 1-day female		52
head, virgin 4-day female		50
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		37
head, mated 4-day female		41
head, mated 20-day female		68
head, mated 1-day male		58
head, mated 4-day male		61
head, mated 20-day male		73
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		3
digestive system, 1-day adult		13
digestive system, 4-day adult		6
digestive system, 20-day adult		6
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		2
fat body, white prepupae		1
fat body, pupae P8		18
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		1
carcass, 1-day adult		3
carcass, 4-day adult		2
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		7
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		2
central nervous system, larvae L3		0
central nervous system, pupae P8		1
head, virgin 1-day female		52
head, virgin 4-day female		50
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		37
head, mated 4-day female		41
head, mated 20-day female		68
head, mated 1-day male		58
head, mated 4-day male		61
head, mated 20-day male		73
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		3
digestive system, 1-day adult		13
digestive system, 4-day adult		6
digestive system, 20-day adult		6
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		2
fat body, white prepupae		1
fat body, pupae P8		18
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		1
carcass, 1-day adult		3
carcass, 4-day adult		2
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		7
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		2
central nervous system, larvae L3		0
central nervous system, pupae P8		1
head, virgin 1-day female		(52)
head, virgin 4-day female		(50)
head, virgin 20-day female		(64)
head, mated 1-day female		(37)
head, mated 4-day female		(41)
head, mated 20-day female		(68)
head, mated 1-day male		(58)
head, mated 4-day male		(61)
head, mated 20-day male		(73)
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		3
digestive system, 1-day adult		13
digestive system, 4-day adult		6
digestive system, 20-day adult		6
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		2
fat body, white prepupae		1
fat body, pupae P8		18
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		1
carcass, 1-day adult		3
carcass, 4-day adult		2
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		7
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		2
central nervous system, larvae L3		0
central nervous system, pupae P8		1
head, virgin 1-day female		52
head, virgin 4-day female		50
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		37
head, mated 4-day female		41
head, mated 20-day female		68
head, mated 1-day male		58
head, mated 4-day male		61
head, mated 20-day male		73
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		3
digestive system, 1-day adult		13
digestive system, 4-day adult		6
digestive system, 20-day adult		6
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		2
fat body, white prepupae		1
fat body, pupae P8		18
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		1
carcass, 1-day adult		3
carcass, 4-day adult		2
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		7
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering		2
central nervous system, larvae L3		0
central nervous system, pupae P8		1
head, virgin 1-day female		52
head, virgin 4-day female		50
head, virgin 20-day female		64
head, mated 1-day female		37
head, mated 4-day female		41
head, mated 20-day female		68
head, mated 1-day male		58
head, mated 4-day male		61
head, mated 20-day male		73
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering		0
salivary gland, white prepupae		0
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering		3
digestive system, 1-day adult		13
digestive system, 4-day adult		6
digestive system, 20-day adult		6
fat body, larvae L3 wandering		2
fat body, white prepupae		1
fat body, pupae P8		18
carcass, larvae L3 wandering		1
carcass, 1-day adult		3
carcass, 4-day adult		2
carcass, 20-day adult		2
ovary, virgin 4-day female		0
ovary, mated 4-day female		0
testis, mated 4-day male		7
accessory gland, mated 4-day male		2
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Tissue		Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
central nervous system, larvae L3
central nervous system, pupae P8
head, virgin 1-day female
head, virgin 4-day female
head, virgin 20-day female
head, mated 1-day female
head, mated 4-day female
head, mated 20-day female
head, mated 1-day male
head, mated 4-day male
head, mated 20-day male
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
salivary gland, white prepupae
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
digestive system, 1-day adult
digestive system, 4-day adult
digestive system, 20-day adult
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
fat body, white prepupae
fat body, pupae P8
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
carcass, 1-day adult
carcass, 4-day adult
carcass, 20-day adult
ovary, virgin 4-day female
ovary, mated 4-day female
testis, mated 4-day male
accessory gland, mated 4-day male

modENCODE Development RNA-Seq

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of high expression to a trough of extremely low expression. Peak expression observed during late pupal stages.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		1
embryo 10-12hr		7
embryo 12-14hr		11
embryo 14-16hr		9
embryo 16-18hr		4
embryo 18-20hr		2
embryo 20-22hr		3
embryo 22-24hr		3
larva L1		3
larva L2		6
larva L3 12hr old		5
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		3
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		2
white prepupae new		2
white prepupae 12hr		4
white prepupae 24hr		7
pupae 2d postWPP		9
pupae 3d postWPP		60
pupae 4d postWPP		26
adult male 01day		26
adult male 05day		23
adult male 30day		27
adult female 01day		15
adult female 05day		5
adult female 30day		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		1
embryo 10-12hr		7
embryo 12-14hr		11
embryo 14-16hr		9
embryo 16-18hr		4
embryo 18-20hr		2
embryo 20-22hr		3
embryo 22-24hr		3
larva L1		3
larva L2		6
larva L3 12hr old		5
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		3
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		2
white prepupae new		2
white prepupae 12hr		4
white prepupae 24hr		7
pupae 2d postWPP		9
pupae 3d postWPP		(60)
pupae 4d postWPP		26
adult male 01day		26
adult male 05day		23
adult male 30day		(27)
adult female 01day		15
adult female 05day		5
adult female 30day		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		1
embryo 10-12hr		7
embryo 12-14hr		11
embryo 14-16hr		9
embryo 16-18hr		4
embryo 18-20hr		2
embryo 20-22hr		3
embryo 22-24hr		3
larva L1		3
larva L2		6
larva L3 12hr old		5
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		3
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		2
white prepupae new		2
white prepupae 12hr		4
white prepupae 24hr		7
pupae 2d postWPP		9
pupae 3d postWPP		60
pupae 4d postWPP		26
adult male 01day		26
adult male 05day		23
adult male 30day		27
adult female 01day		15
adult female 05day		5
adult female 30day		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		1
embryo 10-12hr		7
embryo 12-14hr		11
embryo 14-16hr		9
embryo 16-18hr		4
embryo 18-20hr		2
embryo 20-22hr		3
embryo 22-24hr		3
larva L1		3
larva L2		6
larva L3 12hr old		5
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		3
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		2
white prepupae new		2
white prepupae 12hr		4
white prepupae 24hr		7
pupae 2d postWPP		9
pupae 3d postWPP		60
pupae 4d postWPP		26
adult male 01day		26
adult male 05day		23
adult male 30day		27
adult female 01day		15
adult female 05day		5
adult female 30day		5
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		1
embryo 10-12hr		7
embryo 12-14hr		11
embryo 14-16hr		9
embryo 16-18hr		4
embryo 18-20hr		2
embryo 20-22hr		3
embryo 22-24hr		3
larva L1		3
larva L2		6
larva L3 12hr old		5
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		3
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		2
white prepupae new		2
white prepupae 12hr		4
white prepupae 24hr		7
pupae 2d postWPP		9
pupae 3d postWPP		60
pupae 4d postWPP		26
adult male 01day		26
adult male 05day		23
adult male 30day		27
adult female 01day		15
adult female 05day		5
adult female 30day		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		1
embryo 10-12hr		7
embryo 12-14hr		11
embryo 14-16hr		9
embryo 16-18hr		4
embryo 18-20hr		2
embryo 20-22hr		3
embryo 22-24hr		3
larva L1		3
larva L2		6
larva L3 12hr old		5
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		3
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		2
white prepupae new		2
white prepupae 12hr		4
white prepupae 24hr		7
pupae 2d postWPP		9
pupae 3d postWPP		(60)
pupae 4d postWPP		26
adult male 01day		26
adult male 05day		23
adult male 30day		27
adult female 01day		15
adult female 05day		5
adult female 30day		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		1
embryo 10-12hr		7
embryo 12-14hr		11
embryo 14-16hr		9
embryo 16-18hr		4
embryo 18-20hr		2
embryo 20-22hr		3
embryo 22-24hr		3
larva L1		3
larva L2		6
larva L3 12hr old		5
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		3
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		2
white prepupae new		2
white prepupae 12hr		4
white prepupae 24hr		7
pupae 2d postWPP		9
pupae 3d postWPP		60
pupae 4d postWPP		26
adult male 01day		26
adult male 05day		23
adult male 30day		27
adult female 01day		15
adult female 05day		5
adult female 30day		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr		0
embryo 02-04hr		0
embryo 04-06hr		0
embryo 06-08hr		0
embryo 08-10hr		1
embryo 10-12hr		7
embryo 12-14hr		11
embryo 14-16hr		9
embryo 16-18hr		4
embryo 18-20hr		2
embryo 20-22hr		3
embryo 22-24hr		3
larva L1		3
larva L2		6
larva L3 12hr old		5
larva L3 puffstage 1-2		4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6		3
larva L3 puffstage 7-9		2
white prepupae new		2
white prepupae 12hr		4
white prepupae 24hr		7
pupae 2d postWPP		9
pupae 3d postWPP		60
pupae 4d postWPP		26
adult male 01day		26
adult male 05day		23
adult male 30day		27
adult female 01day		15
adult female 05day		5
adult female 30day		5
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Developmental Stage		Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
embryo 02-04hr
embryo 04-06hr
embryo 06-08hr
embryo 08-10hr
embryo 10-12hr
embryo 12-14hr
embryo 14-16hr
embryo 16-18hr
embryo 18-20hr
embryo 20-22hr
embryo 22-24hr
larva L1
larva L2
larva L3 12hr old
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
white prepupae new
white prepupae 12hr
white prepupae 24hr
pupae 2d postWPP
pupae 3d postWPP
pupae 4d postWPP
adult male 01day
adult male 05day
adult male 30day
adult female 01day
adult female 05day
adult female 30day

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)

modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq

modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A)

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		0
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		1
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		0
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		1
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		0
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		1
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		0
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		1
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		0
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		1
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		0
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		1
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		0
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		1
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+		0
Schneider line 2 Sg4		0
embryonic 1182-4H		0
embryonic GM2		0
embryonic Kc167		0
embryonic S1		1
embryonic S3		0
leg disc CME L1		0
wing disc CME-W2		0
wing disc ML-DmD8		0
wing disc ML-DmD9		1
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3		0
wing disc ML-DmD21		0
wing disc ML-DmD32		0
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3		0
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11		0
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5		0
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1		0
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2		0
tumorous blood cells mbn2		0
ovary fGS/OSS		0
ovary OSC		0
ovary OSS		0
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Cell Line		Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
Schneider line 2 Sg4
embryonic 1182-4H
embryonic GM2
embryonic Kc167
embryonic S1
embryonic S3
leg disc CME L1
wing disc CME-W2
wing disc ML-DmD8
wing disc ML-DmD9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
wing disc ML-DmD21
wing disc ML-DmD32
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
tumorous blood cells mbn2
ovary fGS/OSS
ovary OSC
ovary OSS

modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq

modENCODE Treatment Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)

	Styles
	Linear
	Logarithmic
	Heatmap
	Scales
	gene max expression
	Moderate expression bin max
	High expression bin max
	Extremely high expression bin max

[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
	No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
	Very low expression (1 - 3)
	Low expression (4 - 10)
	Moderate expression (11 - 25)
	Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
	High expression (51 - 100)
	Very high expression (101 - 1000)
	Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		3
cold shock, 4-day adult		2
heat shock, 4-day adult		6
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		6
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		5
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		7
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		8
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		10
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		5
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		4
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		14
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		3
cold shock, 4-day adult		2
heat shock, 4-day adult		6
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		6
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		5
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		7
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		8
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		10
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		5
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		4
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		14
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

Linear, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		3
cold shock, 4-day adult		2
heat shock, 4-day adult		6
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		6
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		5
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		7
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		8
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		10
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		5
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		4
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		14
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		3
cold shock, 4-day adult		2
heat shock, 4-day adult		6
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		6
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		5
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		7
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		8
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		10
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		5
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		4
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		14
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Expression Level Scale		Extremely high

log, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		3
cold shock, 4-day adult		2
heat shock, 4-day adult		6
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		6
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		5
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		7
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		8
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		10
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		5
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		4
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		14
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate

log, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		3
cold shock, 4-day adult		2
heat shock, 4-day adult		6
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		6
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		5
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		7
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		8
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		10
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		5
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		4
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		14
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high

log, scaled to High expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		3
cold shock, 4-day adult		2
heat shock, 4-day adult		6
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		6
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		5
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		7
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		8
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		10
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		5
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		4
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		14
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high

log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult		3
cold shock, 4-day adult		2
heat shock, 4-day adult		6
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3		6
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		5
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		5
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		7
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		3
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3		2
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		8
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		10
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3		5
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3		3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		4
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult		2
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		11
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult		14
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3		4
Expression Level Scale		Very low Low Moderate Moderately high High Very high Extremely high

Heatmap
Treatment		Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
cold shock, 4-day adult
heat shock, 4-day adult
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3

Expression Clusters

A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development.

(The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011)

External Data & Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data

•

RH41996

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

•

FBgn0086367

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

•

CG12120-RA

Alleles & Phenotypes

Summary of Allele Phenotypes

Lethality

Allele

viable

t^d07784

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

t^GD6634

Sterility

Allele

fertile

t^d07784

Other Phenotypes

Allele

body color defective

body color defective, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

t^Scer\UAS.cTa

flight defective

t⁶

neurophysiology defective

optomotor response defective

t⁷

phototaxis defective

t¹⁰

visible | recessive

visual behavior defective

visual behavior defective | recessive

t⁸

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult cuticle

t⁵

adult cuticle, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

t^Scer\UAS.cTa

mesothoracic tergum, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

t^Scer\UAS.cTa

retina | adult stage

t⁸

synaptic vesicle

Classical Alleles ( 22 )

For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of t	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
t¹	spontaneous	15	Yes
t²	spontaneous	5	--
t³	spontaneous	2	--
t⁴	spontaneous	2	Yes
t⁵		2	Yes
t^d07784	P-element activity	2	Yes
t^017B	Delta2-3	0	Yes
t^019A	Delta2-3	0	Yes
t^038B	Delta2-3	0	Yes
t^051C	Delta2-3	0	Yes
t¹⁰	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
t^20A	Delta2-3	0	Yes
t^27A	Delta2-3	0	Yes
t^37C	Delta2-3	0	Yes
t^42A	Delta2-3	0	Yes
t⁶	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
t⁷	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
t⁸	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
t⁹	ethyl methanesulfonate	0	--
t^EE39		0	--
t^GG01557	P-element activity	0	Yes
t^unspecified		0	--

Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of t	Mutagen	Stocks	Known lesion
t^GD6634	in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	1	Yes
t^+t10.3	in vitro construct - genomic fragment	0	Yes
t^Scer\UAS.cTa	in vitro construct - regulatory fusion	0	Yes
t^tΔMSE	in vitro construct - genomic fragment	0	Yes

Aneuploid Aberrations

Not duplicated in

Dp(1;Y)y⁺lz⁺

Disrupted in

Df(1)t282-1

(Demerec et al., 1942)

Not disrupted in

T(1;3)lz^268-29

(Bridges and Brehme, 1944)

Transgenic Constructs & Insertions

Transgenic Constructs

Type of construct

Name

Expression data

UAS construct

P{GD6634}

P{UAS-t.T}

characterization construct

P{t^+t10.3}

P{t^tΔMSE}

Insertions

Type of insertions

Name

Expression data

insertion of mobile activating element

P{Mae-UAS.6.11}t^GG01557

P{XP}t^d07784

miscellaneous insertions

Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 11 unique terms )

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 10 terms )

Molecular Function

CV term

Evidence

References

beta-alanyl-dopamine hydrolase activity

inferred from direct assay

(True et al., 2005)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Walter et al., 1996)

beta-alanyl-histamine hydrolase activity

inferred from direct assay

(True et al., 2005)

hydrolase activity

inferred from direct assay

(Borycz et al., 2002)

Biological Process

CV term

Evidence

References

cuticle pigmentation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(True et al., 2005)

dopamine biosynthetic process

inferred from direct assay

(True et al., 2005)

flight behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Homyk and Sheppard, 1977)

histamine biosynthetic process

inferred from direct assay

(True et al., 2005)

histamine metabolic process

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Borycz et al., 2002)

visual perception

inferred from mutant phenotype

(True et al., 2005)

Cellular Component

CV term

Evidence

References

cytosol

inferred from direct assay

(Wagner et al., 2007)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 1 term )

Molecular Function ( 0 terms)

Biological Process

CV term

Evidence

References

penicillin biosynthetic process

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005079

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

Cellular Component ( 0 terms)

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Interactions & Pathways

Summary of Physical Interactions

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

t - CG10993