FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\tw

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\tw

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

twisted

Annotation Symbol

CG12311

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0086368

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

7 publicly available

Gene Summary

twisted (tw) encodes a protein that transfers a mannose to the Ser/Thr residues of dystroglycan, via forming an heterodimer with the product of rt. Its roles include myogenesis, muscle architecture and cell adhesion. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

POMT2, dPOMT2, EG:34F3.7 , Protein O-mannosyltransferase 2

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

1C3-1D4

Sequence location

X:784,746..788,215 [+]

Recombination map

1-0

RefSeq locus

NC_004354 REGION:784746..788215

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (11 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

contributes_to dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity

inferred from direct assay

(Nakamura et al., 2010, Ueyama et al., 2010, Ichimiya et al., 2004)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VTK2

(assigned by UniProt )

(Lyalin et al., 2006, Ichimiya et al., 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001295889

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Biological Process (6 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in muscle attachment

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Dg; FB:FBgn0034072

(Haines et al., 2007)

involved_in muscle organ development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

involved_in protein O-linked mannosylation

inferred from direct assay

(Nakamura et al., 2010, Ichimiya et al., 2004)

involved_in sarcomere organization

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Dg; FB:FBgn0034072

(Haines et al., 2007)

involved_in somatic muscle development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Ueyama et al., 2010)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in ER-associated misfolded protein catabolic process

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000006100

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in protein O-linked mannosylation

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001295889

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Cellular Component (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase complex

inferred from direct assay

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

located_in endoplasmic reticulum

inferred from direct assay

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001295889

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

PROTEIN O-MANNOSYLTRANSFERASES

POMT1-POMT2 COMPLEX

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 39 family. (Q9W5D4)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

PROTEIN O-MANNOSYLTRANSFERASES -: Protein O-mannosyltransferases transfer a mannose residue from dolichyl phosphate D-mannose to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group of selected serine/threonine residues. In contrast to yeast, O-Man glycosylation in metazoans is found only on select proteins. The evolutionary conserved POMT1/POMT2 enzymes target the dystroglycan protein, while the TMTC proteins selectively serve cadherins and protocadherins. (Adapted from PMID:28973932 and FBrf0244700.) These enzymes are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum.
POMT1-POMT2 COMPLEX -: The POMT1-POMT2 complex is a heterodimeric mannosyltransferase complex that transfers a mannose residue from dolichyl phosphate D-mannose to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group of selected serine/threonine residues of the dystroglycan protein. (Adapted from PMID:31285605 and FBrf0244700).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Rt/POMT1 and tw/POMT2 function as a protein O-mannosyltransferase in association with each other to generate and maintain normal muscle development.

(UniProt, Q9W5D4)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

tw: twisted

Abdomens of males and females twisted about 30 clockwise, as viewed from the posterior. Body tends to be dwarfed. Viability reduced; hatching delayed. Males usually fertile. 1% nondisjunction for homologs in males (Davis, 1975, 1980).

tw2

Abdomens of males and females twisted 30-60 clockwise, as viewed from the posterior; more extreme than tw. Male genitalia often twisted counter-clockwise. Viability reduced. Males usually fertile. tw2/tw flies resemble tw2/tw2.

tw3

Abdomens of males and females twisted up to 90, as viewed from the posterior. Male genitalia and anal plate often twisted clockwise or counter-clockwise (misalignment up to 180). Males and females often sterile, although male genitalia appear normal and sperm are motile. 1% nondisjunction for homologues in males (Davis, 1975, 1980).

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\tw for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

tw-RA

FBtr0070139

NM_130502

2671

765

tw-RB

FBtr0335403

NM_001272173

2840

765

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

tw-PA

FBpp0070134

86.2

765

9.50

NP_569858

AAF45548

tw-PB

FBpp0307386

86.2

765

9.50

NP_001259102

AGB94948

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

765 aa isoforms: tw-PA, tw-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with Rt/POMT1.

(UniProt, Q9W5D4)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\tw using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

tw_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 10

organism | faint

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

germ band | intense

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

early stomodeal invagination | intense

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

hindgut proper primordium | intense

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

posterior midgut primordium | intense

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

atrium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic dorsal epidermis

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic epipharynx

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic foregut

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic hypopharynx

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic ventral epidermis

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 14

embryonic/larval hindgut

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

embryonic/larval foregut

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

embryonic/larval trachea

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

embryonic/larval epidermis

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

Additional Descriptive Data

tw expression is first observed at embryonic stage 14, where it is observed in developing epidermal cells as well as in hindgut and foregut. It is also present in developing trachea.

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

At embryonic stage 10, intense expression of tw is observed in the germ band and in the invaginating gut. Faint but steady expression is observed in all cells of the stage 10 embryo.

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase complex

inferred from direct assay

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

located_in endoplasmic reticulum

inferred from direct assay

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\tw in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\tw

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\tw

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0086368

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0086368

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG12311-RA

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG12311

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0086368

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\tw

Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 14 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 9 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of tw

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of tw

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 107 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 107 )

Gene duplicated in

Dp(1;f)3

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Dp(1;f)18

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Dp(1;f)101

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Dp(1;f)1337

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Dp(1;Y)59k9-1

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Dp(1;Y)59k9-4

(Kramers et al., 1991, Kramers et al., 1983)

Dp(1;Y)60e17.4-3

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Dp(1;Y)68h20

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Dp(1;Y)y²67g19.1

(Schalet, 1986)

Gene not duplicated in

Dp(1;3)sta

(Kramers et al., 1991, Kramers et al., 1983)

Dp(1;3)w^vco

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Dp(1;Y)2E-C

(Rayle and Hoar, 1969)

Gene not disrupted in

Df(1)403

(Kramers et al., 1991)

Df(1)A94

(Kramers et al., 1991, Kramers et al., 1983, Craymer and Roy, 1980)

Df(1)cin-arth

(Kramers et al., 1991)

Df(1)S39

(Kramers et al., 1991, Kramers et al., 1983, Craymer and Roy, 1980)

(Schalet, 1986)

(Schalet, 1986)

(Schalet, 1986)

(Schalet, 1986)

(Kramers et al., 1991, Kramers et al., 1983)

Df(1)svr

(Kramers et al., 1991, Kramers et al., 1983)

Df(1)y74k10.1

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)y74k24.1

(Kramers et al., 1991, Voelker et al., 1989, Kramers et al., 1983)

Df(1)yT8-206

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT9-7

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT9-21

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT9-220

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT9-275

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT10-102

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT10-106

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT10-581

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT10-665

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT10-673

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT10-677

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT12-173

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT12-187

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT12-200

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT12-246

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT12-667

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT13-423

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT13-464

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT14-546

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT14-576

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-5

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-6

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-28

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-56

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-105

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-158b

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-161

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-171

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-177

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-183

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-189

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-219

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-222

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-270

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-274

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-286

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-300

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-318

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-325

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-327

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-334

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-364

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-365

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-383

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-390

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-392

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-405

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-408

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-410

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-412

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-433

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-449

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-460

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-468

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-502

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-509

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-511

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-517

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-533

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-543

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-548

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-552

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-564

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-568

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-575

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-586

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-597

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT15-599

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT16-14

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT16-411

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT16-499

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT16-534

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT16-554

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Dp(1;3)su(s)E2

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Gene disrupted in

Df(1)Exel6223

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(1)su(s)2

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)su(s)3

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)su(s)83

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT17-570

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT17-600

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT18-319

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT19-16

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Df(1)yT19-253

(Voelker et al., 1989)

Inferred from location ( 0 )

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PU

tw^{dsRNA.UAS.cYa}

partially lethal

partially lethal | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PHb

tw^{dsRNA.UAS.cIa}

partially lethal | recessive

tw^unspecified

partially lethal - majority live

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

tw^GD1160

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

tw^GD1160

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

tw^GD1160

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

tw^GD1160

Sterility

Allele

sterile

tw³

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal developmental rate

tw¹

abnormal flight

tw^unspecified

abnormal flight (with Df(1)Exel6223)

tw^unspecified

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage (with Df(1)Exel6223)

tw^unspecified

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | recessive

tw^unspecified

decreased body size

tw¹

increased cell death

tw^unspecified

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

abdomen

adult abdomen

tw¹

adult abdomen, with Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PHb

tw^{dsRNA.UAS.cIa}

adult abdomen | female (with Df(1)su(s)83)

tw¹

basement membrane

tw^unspecified

embryonic/larval somatic muscle

tw^unspecified

embryonic precursor cell of adult muscle

tw^unspecified

male genitalia

muscle attachment site | third instar larval stage

tw¹

sarcomere

tw^unspecified

sarcomere | third instar larval stage

tw¹

sarcoplasmic reticulum

tw^unspecified

striated muscle myosin thick filament

tw^unspecified

striated muscle thin filament

tw^unspecified

wing disc

tw^unspecified

Z disc

tw^unspecified

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (4)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\POMT2

14 of 15

Yes

Hsap\POMT1

3 of 15

Hsap\SDF2

2 of 15

Hsap\SDF2L1

2 of 15

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Pomt2

14 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Pomt1

2 of 15

Mmus\Sdf2l1

2 of 15

Mmus\Sdf2

2 of 15

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)

Rnor\Pomt2

12 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Pomt1

3 of 13

Rnor\Sdf2l1

1 of 13

Rnor\Sdf2

1 of 13

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)

Xtro\pomt1

3 of 12

Yes

Xtro\pomt2

3 of 12

Yes

Xtro\sdf2l1

1 of 12

Xtro\sdf2

1 of 12

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)

Drer\pomt2

13 of 15

Yes

Drer\pomt1

3 of 15

Drer\sdf2l1

2 of 15

Drer\sdf2

1 of 15

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

Cele\R12E2.13

3 of 15

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)

Atha\SDF2

1 of 9

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (7)

Scer\PMT2

13 of 15

Yes

Scer\PMT3

11 of 15

Yes

Scer\PMT6

10 of 15

Yes

Scer\PMT1

4 of 15

Yes

Scer\PMT5

3 of 15

Scer\PMT7

3 of 15

Yes

Scer\PMT4

2 of 15

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)

Spom\ogm2

10 of 12

Yes

Spom\ogm1

3 of 12

Spom\ogm4

2 of 12

Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091902XL )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Dsuz\DS10_00012282

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Drosophila simulans

Drosophila sechellia

Drosophila erecta

Drosophila yakuba

Drosophila ananassae

Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura

Dpse\GA11548

Drosophila persimilis

Dper\GL26758

Drosophila willistoni

Dwil\GK20066

Drosophila virilis

Dvir\GJ19054

Drosophila mojavensis

Dmoj\GI11129

Drosophila grimshawi

Dgri\GH17663

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091501IR )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Musca domestica

House fly

Mdoa\17008238

Glossina morsitans

Tsetse fly

Gmor\GMOY006896

Lucilia cuprina

Australian sheep blowfly

Lcup\FF38_09070

Mayetiola destructor

Hessian fly

Mdes\Mdes003242

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL006100

Aedes aegypti

Yellow fever mosquito

Aaeg\AAEL013732

Anopheles darlingi

American malaria mosquito

Adar\ADAC007294

Anopheles gambiae

Malaria mosquito

Agam\AGAP002674

Culex quinquefasciatus

Southern house mosquito

Cqui\CPIJ014461

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W031V )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Bombyx mori

Silkmoth

Bmor\BGIBMGA005070

Danaus plexippus

Monarch butterfly

Dple\DPOGS214619-PA

Heliconius melpomene

Postman butterfly

Hmel\HMEL002763

Apis florea

Little honeybee

Aflo\2340565012

Apis mellifera

Western honey bee

Amel\LOC551578

Bombus impatiens

Common eastern bumble bee

Bimp\BIMP18889

Bombus terrestris

Buff-tailed bumblebee

Bter\15216496

Linepithema humile

Argentine ant

Lhum\LH20114

Megachile rotundata

Alfalfa leafcutting bee

Mrot\MROTU:001c61

Nasonia vitripennis

Parasitic wasp

Nvit\Nasvi2EG002965

Dendroctonus ponderosae

Mountain pine beetle

Dpod\YQE_10621

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC033711

Tribolium castaneum

Red flour beetle

Tcas\TC033710

Pediculus humanus

Human body louse

Phum\PHUM238630

Rhodnius prolixus

Kissing bug

Rpro\RPRC003346

Cimex lectularius

Bed bug

Clec\CLEC007208

Acyrthosiphon pisum

Pea aphid

Apim\ACYPI007134

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termite

Znev\Znev_14233

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X02YQ )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strigamia maritima

European centipede

Smar\SMAR009033

Ixodes scapularis

Black-legged tick

Isca\ISCW023197

Stegodyphus mimosarum

African social velvet spider

Smim\KFM81578.1

Tetranychus urticae

Two-spotted spider mite

Turt\tetur10g00440

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_300808

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_314503

Daphnia pulex

Water flea

Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_300810

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G02QX )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Pomt2

Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Purple sea urchin

Spur\Sp-Pomt1

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100181205

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\ENSCING00000014389

Ciona intestinalis

Vase tunicate

Cint\LOC100185369

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\POMT1

Gallus gallus

Domestic chicken

Ggal\POMT2

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (2)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

5 of 10

CG11999

4 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

muscular dystrophy, POMT2-related

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

tw^{dsRNA.UAS.cIa}

model of Walker-Warburg syndrome

CEA

(Ueyama et al., 2010)

tw^unspecified

model of Walker-Warburg syndrome

CEA

(Ueyama et al., 2010)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 4 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

POMT2; protein O-mannosyltransferase 2

model of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2N

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of congenital muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type A2

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

POMT1; protein O-mannosyltransferase 1

model of muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

POMT2; protein O-mannosyltransferase 2

14 of 15

607439

POMT1; protein O-mannosyltransferase 1

3 of 15

607423

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

enhanceable

rt|tw

(Nakamura et al., 2010)

enhanceable

(Ueyama et al., 2010)

enhanceable

(Haines et al., 2007)

suppressible

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with Rt/POMT1.

(UniProt, Q9W5D4 )

Linkouts

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0086368

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

31024

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

O-linked glycosylation

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

1-0

Cytogenetic map

1C3-1D4

Sequence location

X:784,746..788,215 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

1C3-1D4

Left limit from complementation mapping against T(1;2)Bld (citation unavailable) Right limit from inclusion within Df(1)su(s)83 (FBrf0049919)

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

1-0

(FlyBase, 2016)

1-0.0

(Comeron et al., 2012)

1-0.4

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Mapping based on tw¹; 1-0.1 based on tw³.

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (7)

Bloomington

134

tw¹/C(1)DX, y¹ f¹

76991

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TKO.GS00760}attP40

79674

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TOE.GS01262}attP40

55735

y¹ sc^* v¹ sev²¹; P{TRiP.HMC03806}attP40

Kyoto

105753

tw¹/C(1)DX, y¹ f¹

VDRC

v5583

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1160}v5583

v5584

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1160}v5584

Genomic Clones (12)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (21)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LP01681

Other clones

DPiM_LP01681

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0086368

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0086368

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

31024

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: Pomt2 CG12311

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: tw Pomt2

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

Additional comments

Other Comments

Shows particularly robust cycling of transcription in adult heads, as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated during three 12-point time course experiments over the course of 6 days.

(Claridge-Chang et al., 2001)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 44 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

31024

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9W5D4

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

M9PG53

Other crossreferences

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0086368

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0086368

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

tw_1

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG12311

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0086368

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

31024

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC033711

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG12311

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0086368

Linkouts

DPiM - Drosophila Protein interaction map

FBgn0086368

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0086368

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0086368

FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies

FBgn0086368

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

CG12311-RA

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0086368

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0086368

InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.

31024

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

O-linked glycosylation

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (17)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG12311

(Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Alekseyenko et al., 2006, Manh et al., 2005, Ichimiya et al., 2004, Benos, 2000.12.13)

DPOMT2

(Lyalin et al., 2007, Lyalin et al., 2006)

DmPOMT2

(Willer et al., 2002)

EG:34F3.7

(Benos et al., 2001, Claridge-Chang et al., 2001)

POMT-2

(Katoh and Tiemeyer, 2013)

POMT2

(Zhu et al., 2019, Ueyama et al., 2010, Haines et al., 2007, Nakamura et al., 2007, Ichimiya and Nishihara, 2004.4.6)

Pomt2

(Lyalin et al., 2006)

(Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2015)

dPOMT2

(Potikanond et al., 2018, Lloyd and Taylor, 2010, Ichimiya et al., 2004)

dPomt2

(Nishihara, 2020, Yamamoto-Hino et al., 2015)

(Zhang and Ten Hagen, 2019, Potikanond et al., 2018, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Plantié et al., 2015, Kong et al., 2010, Nakamura et al., 2010, Ueyama et al., 2010, Lyalin et al., 2008, Haines et al., 2007, Lyalin et al., 2007, Lyalin et al., 2006)

Name Synonyms

Protein O-mannosyltransferase 2

(Ichimiya et al., 2004)

Twisted

(Nakamura et al., 2010)

tricky-dickey

twist

(Amourda and Saunders, 2017)

twisted

(Ueyama et al., 2010, Nakamura et al., 2007)

twisted abdomen

(Katoh and Tiemeyer, 2013)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0003898
FBgn0025618

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

References (68)

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