FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\step

FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025

FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025

Gene: Dmel\step

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\step

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

steppke

Annotation Symbol

CG11628

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0086779

Gene Model Status

Stock Availability

17 publicly available

Gene Summary

steppke (step) encodes a member of the cytohesin family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which regulate small GTPases of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family. It contributes to multiple signaling pathways, such as Egfr, MAPK, PI3K and insulin signaling. It is involved in wing and eye development, germ cell segregation and cell growth. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
Gene Group
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

GRP1, general receptor for phosphoinositides-1, General receptor for phosphoinositides 1, cytohesin/GRP1, l(2)k08110

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

2L:21,740,041..21,757,466 [-]

Recombination map

2-54

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:21740041..21757466

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (24 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding

inferred from direct assay

(Lee et al., 2015)

enables protein homodimerization activity

inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:step; FB:FBgn0086779

(Liu et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q06836

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000904, InterPro:IPR035999

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (13 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in dorsal closure

inferred from mutant phenotype

(West et al., 2017)

involved_in embryonic development via the syncytial blastoderm

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lee and Harris, 2013)

involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hahn et al., 2013)

involved_in positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hahn et al., 2013)

involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hahn et al., 2013)

involved_in positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Fuss et al., 2006)

involved_in positive regulation of multicellular organism growth

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Fuss et al., 2006)

involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Fuss et al., 2006)

involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lee and Harris, 2013)

involved_in regulation of actomyosin structure organization

inferred from mutant phenotype

(West et al., 2017)

involved_in regulation of endocytosis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lee and Harris, 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in positive regulation of ARF protein signal transduction

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q06836

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

involved_in regulation of ARF protein signal transduction

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000904, InterPro:IPR035999

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (8 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (7 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

colocalizes_with adherens junction

inferred from direct assay

(West et al., 2017)

located_in cell cortex

inferred from direct assay

(Hahn et al., 2013)

located_in cell leading edge cell cortex

inferred from direct assay

(West et al., 2017)

located_in cleavage furrow

inferred from direct assay

(Lee et al., 2015)

colocalizes_with contractile ring

inferred from direct assay

(West et al., 2017)

located_in cytosol

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Lee et al., 2015)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in Golgi membrane

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q06836

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

ARF GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTORS

Pathway (FlyBase)

Positive Regulators of Insulin-like Receptor Signaling Pathway

Positive Regulators of EGFR Signaling Pathway

Protein Family (UniProt)

-

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

steppke (step) encodes a member of the cytohesin family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which regulate small GTPases of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family. It contributes to multiple signaling pathways, such as Egfr, MAPK, PI3K and insulin signaling. It is involved in wing and eye development, germ cell segregation and cell growth. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]

Gene Group (FlyBase)

ARF GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTORS -: ArfGEFs are Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) for ARF family GTPases. They are characterized by a central Sec7 catalytic domain domain with homology to yeast SEC7. (Adapted from PMID:15731001, FBrf0158741 and FBrf0220529).

Pathway (FlyBase)

Positive Regulators of Insulin-like Receptor Signaling Pathway -: Positive regulators of the Insulin-like Receptor signaling pathway enhance Insulin-like receptor (InR) activation or the activity of intracellular effectors. (Adapted from FBrf0232297, FBrf0230017 and FBrf0229989).
Positive Regulators of EGFR Signaling Pathway -: Positive regulators of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor signaling up-regulate the pathway, enhancing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on downstream effectors.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

a cytohesin Arf-guanine nucleotide exchange factor that promotes local endocytic events - regulates membrane dynamics in cellularization and insulin and Egf receptor signaling

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

4

Number of Unique Polypeptides

2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\step for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q0E8N2)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Stage-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during embryogenesis (FBrf0215804); all variants may not be annotated.

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

FBtr0085910

1736

410

FBtr0301616

2834

727

FBtr0301617

3095

727

FBtr0332471

4776

727

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

FBpp0085264

47.7

410

6.68

FBpp0290831

82.5

727

8.38

FBpp0290832

82.5

727

8.38

FBpp0304747

82.5

727

8.38

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

727 aa isoforms: step-PC, step-PD, step-PE

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\step using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-1.11

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

anterior endoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

mesoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | gap expression pattern

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

anterior endoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior endoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

anterior endoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

foregut primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

inclusive hindgut primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior endoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral ectoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 17

Comment: extended 3' UTR isoform

(Hilgers et al., 2011)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

embryonic dorsal epidermis

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic ventral epidermis

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

Zygotic-specific isoforms of step with long 3' UTR extensions were observed.

(Hilgers et al., 2011)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

third instar larval stage

(Hahn et al., 2013)

(Hahn et al., 2013)

Additional Descriptive Data

step is expressed ubiquitously in imaginal wing discs and localizes in a vesicular pattern.

(Hahn et al., 2013)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

colocalizes_with adherens junction

inferred from direct assay

(West et al., 2017)

located_in cell cortex

inferred from direct assay

(Hahn et al., 2013)

located_in cell leading edge cell cortex

inferred from direct assay

(West et al., 2017)

located_in cleavage furrow

inferred from direct assay

(Lee et al., 2015)

colocalizes_with contractile ring

inferred from direct assay

(West et al., 2017)

located_in cytosol

inferred from high throughput direct assay

(Lye et al., 2014)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Lee et al., 2015)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: PBac{681.P.FSVS-1}step^CPTI002054

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult brain cell body rind

(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\step in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\step

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\step

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0086779

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

35425/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0086779

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0086779

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG11628

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0086779

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\step

Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 7-8
Stages(s) 9-10
Stages(s) 11-12

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 20 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 28 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of step

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of step

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )

Gene disrupted in

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

(Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Inferred from location ( 5 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal | recessive

partially lethal - majority die

step^UASp.EGFP

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal cell shape | embryonic stage (with Df(2L)BSC150)

abnormal cell shape | embryonic stage (with step^k08110)

step^KG09493

abnormal cell shape | embryonic stage (with step^KG09493)

step^k08110

abnormal developmental rate | larval stage

step^unspecified

abnormal developmental rate | pupal stage

step^unspecified

decreased body size | adult stage (with step^k08110)

step^SH0323

decreased body size | adult stage (with step^SH0323)

step^k08110

decreased body size | larval stage

decreased body size | larval stage (with step^k08110)

step^SH0323

decreased body size | larval stage (with step^SH0323)

step^k08110

majority die during pupal stage

step^k08110

some die during embryonic stage

step^UASp.EGFP

some die during embryonic stage (with step^k08110)

step^KG09493

some die during embryonic stage (with step^KG09493)

step^k08110

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

cleavage furrow | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

crossvein, with Df(2L)TW65, Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

step^RNAi.UAS

crossvein, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

step^RNAi.UAS

embryo | embryonic cycle 11, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

step^HMS00365

embryo | embryonic stage 5, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

step^HMS00365

embryo | embryonic stage 5 (with step^k08110)

step^SH0323

embryo | embryonic stage 5 (with step^SH0323)

step^k08110

embryonic/larval crystal cell

step^k08110

embryonic/larval salivary gland

step^k08110

embryonic epidermis (with Df(2L)BSC150)

embryonic epidermis (with step^k08110)

step^KG09493

embryonic epidermis (with step^KG09493)

step^k08110

epithelial cell | embryonic stage (with step^k08110)

step^KG09493

epithelial cell | embryonic stage (with step^KG09493)

step^k08110

furrow canal, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

step^HMS00365

furrow canal (with step^k08110)

step^SH0323

furrow canal (with step^SH0323)

step^k08110

head | embryonic stage (with step^k08110)

step^KG09493

head | embryonic stage (with step^KG09493)

step^k08110

photoreceptor neuron

step^k08110

step^k08110

wing, with Df(2L)TW65, Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

step^RNAi.UAS

wing, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

step^RNAi.UAS

wing hair, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096-KE

step^VRC

step^k08110

wing vein, with Df(2L)TW65, Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

step^RNAi.UAS

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

step^RNAi.UAS

wing vein L4, with Df(2L)TW65, Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

step^RNAi.UAS

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (73)

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

1

9 of 14

No

Yes

9 of 14

No

Yes

8 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

No

2

2 of 14

No

No

3

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

0

1 of 14

No

No

2

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1

1 of 14

No

No

5

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1

1 of 14

No

No

0

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

3

1 of 14

No

No

7

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (51)

11 of 14

Yes

Yes

9 of 14

No

Yes

9 of 14

No

Yes

8 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

Rnor\RGD1560925

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (54)

11 of 14

Yes

Yes

9 of 14

No

Yes

9 of 14

No

Yes

8 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (41)

7 of 13

Yes

Yes

6 of 13

No

Yes

6 of 13

No

Yes

5 of 13

No

Yes

3 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

1 of 13

No

No

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (60)

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

10 of 14

Yes

Yes

9 of 14

No

Yes

9 of 14

No

Yes

8 of 14

No

Yes

7 of 14

No

Yes

3 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

No

3 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

Yes

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

Drer\LOC101886286

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

Yes

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Drer\si:ch211-234p6.5

1 of 14

No

No

Drer\si:dkey-191m6.4

1 of 14

No

No

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (12)

7 of 14

Yes

Yes

2 of 14

No

No

2 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

1 of 14

No

No

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (25)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP008737

10 of 12

Yes

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP001527

3 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP008906

3 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011421

2 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000124

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000563

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000774

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP000864

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP001238

1 of 12

No

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP001935

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP002161

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP002438

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP002729

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP004989

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP005285

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP006510

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP007093

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP007379

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP008738

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP009167

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010135

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010893

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011152

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011768

1 of 12

No

No

Agam\AgaP_AGAP011883

1 of 12

No

No

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (10)

4 of 13

Yes

No

4 of 13

Yes

No

4 of 13

Yes

No

3 of 13

No

No

3 of 13

No

No

3 of 13

No

No

3 of 13

No

No

3 of 13

No

No

2 of 13

No

No

2 of 13

No

No

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (6)

4 of 13

Yes

No

4 of 13

Yes

No

3 of 13

No

Yes

2 of 13

No

No

2 of 13

No

Yes

1 of 13

No

No

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (6)

3 of 12

Yes

Yes

3 of 12

Yes

Yes

Spom\SPBC211.03c

3 of 12

Yes

No

2 of 12

No

No

2 of 12

No

No

Spom\SPAC11E3.11c

2 of 12

No

No

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:step. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (18)

5 of 13

5 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

CYTH1; cytohesin 1

10 of 14

CYTH2; cytohesin 2

9 of 14

CYTH3; cytohesin 3

9 of 14

CYTH4; cytohesin 4

8 of 14

ARFGEF1; ARF guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1

3 of 14

DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY, IMPAIRED SPEECH, AND BEHAVIORAL ABNORMALITIES, WITH OR WITHOUT SEIZURES; DEDISB

ARFGEF2; ARF guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2

3 of 14

PERIVENTRICULAR HETEROTOPIA WITH MICROCEPHALY, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; ARPHM

periventricular nodular heterotopia

FBXO8; F-box protein 8

3 of 14

GBF1; golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1

3 of 14

CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE, AXONAL, TYPE 2GG; CMT2GG

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease dominant intermediate A

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:

Off

On

Show/hide secondary interactors
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)

Select Layout:

Force Directed

Circle

Concentric

Legend:

Protein

RNA

Selected Interactor(s)

Other Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

far western blotting, anti tag western blot

(Liu et al., 2015)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Liu et al., 2015)

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

(Hahn et al., 2013)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Rauskolb et al., 2022)

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, far western blotting, peptide massfingerprinting

(Zheng et al., 2019, Liu et al., 2015)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Show/hide secondary interactors
(data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

Other Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

(Lee and Harris, 2013)

suppressible

(Lee and Harris, 2013)

enhanceable

(West et al., 2017)

suppressible

(West et al., 2017)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

enhanceable

(Lee and Harris, 2013)

suppressible

(Hahn et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Hahn et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Hahn et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Hahn et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Hahn et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Hahn et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Hahn et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Hahn et al., 2013)

enhanceable

(Hahn et al., 2013)

suppressible

(Liu et al., 2015)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

61369

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0086779

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35425

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35425

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Positive Regulators of Insulin-like Receptor Signaling Pathway
Positive Regulators of EGFR Signaling Pathway

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Endocytosis

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Intra-Golgi traffic

Class of Gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

2L

Recombination map

2-54

Cytogenetic map

Sequence location

2L:21,740,041..21,757,466 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

40A1-40A2

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Df31^k05815 and P{PZ}cul-2⁰²⁰⁷⁴&P{lacW}l(2)k08110^k08110

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

39E3-39E3

(Oh et al., 2003)

39F1-39F3

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Spradling et al., 1999)

39F1-39F2

39F1--3

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-54

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-54.6

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (17)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

65862

w^*; P{UASp-step.EGFP}attP2

65865

w^*; P{UASp-mCh-step}attP40

22318

y¹ w^67c23; P{EPgy2}step^EY10721

34245

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}step^MI01759/SM6a

10770

y¹ w^67c23; P{lacW}step^k08110/CyO

14985

y¹; P{SUPor-P}step^KG09493/CyO; ry⁵⁰⁶

115263

w¹¹¹⁸; PBac{681.P.FSVS-1}step^CPTI002054

102783

y¹ w^67c23 ; P{lacW}step^k11104 / CyO

11628R-1

M2L-1907

y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; step^SK1 P{neoFRT}40A/CyO-Tb

v330417

P{VSH330417}attP40

v109449

P{KK108766}VIE-260B

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (24)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (87)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0086779

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0086779

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Hahn et al., 2013)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R⁺ cell morphology.

(Kiger et al., 2003)

1 allele of l(2)SH0323 recovered in a P-insertion screen.

(Oh et al., 2003)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: CG11628 CG11633

(Robertson, 2001.7.7)

Source for merge of: Grp1 l(2)k08110 l(2)SH0323

(Fuss et al., 2006)

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: Grp1 step

(Zinke, 2007.2.26)

Source for identity of: step Grp1

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Nomenclature comments

FlyBase curator comment: The "CG11628" gene was originally renamed "Grp1" based on curation from FBrf0144797. However, this rename was inappropriate, partly because the "CG11628" gene is actually the ortholog of mammalian PSCD1 rather than mammalian GRP1/PSCD3. Therefore, this gene has now been renamed to "step" (full name "steppke") based on information in FBrf0193977.

(FlyBase, 1992-)

Etymology

"steppke" means "small boy" in German - relecting the mutant phenotype for this gene.

(Zinke, 2007.2.26)

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (20)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG11628

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Trivedi et al., 2020, Zeledon et al., 2019, Meadows, 2017.9.14, Balakrishnan et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Cox et al., 2004, Milchanowski et al., 2004, Boutla et al., 2003, Giot et al., 2003, Robertson, 2001.7.7, Verstreken and Bellen, 2000.9.4)

CG11633

CYH1

(Cox et al., 2004)

GPH

(Shingleton et al., 2005)

GRP1

(Claret et al., 2014, Claret et al., 2014, Bardet et al., 2013, Murray et al., 2012, Liu et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Khuong et al., 2010, Khuong et al., 2010, Compagnon et al., 2009, Dasgupta et al., 2009, Dasgupta et al., 2009)

GRP1/cytohesin 1

(Britton et al., 2002)

Grp1

(Wang et al., 2020, Powis and Macdougall, 2011, Bushati et al., 2008, Bakal et al., 2007)

Step

(Wang et al., 2017, Yun et al., 2017, Liu et al., 2015, Hahn et al., 2013)

Steppke

(Greig and Bulgakova, 2020, West and Harris, 2020)

cytohesin/GRP1

(Pinal et al., 2006, Oldham and Hafen, 2003)

l(2)SH0323

l(2)SH2 0323

(Oh et al., 2002.3.22)

l(2)k08110

(Kaplow et al., 2007)

stepk

(Parrish et al., 2009)

Name Synonyms

General receptor for phosphoinositides 1

(Britton et al., 2002)

Steppke

(Tam and Harris, 2024, Fernandez-Gonzalez and Harris, 2023, Lee et al., 2015, Hahn et al., 2013, Lee and Harris, 2013, Becker et al., 2010, Stumpfe et al., 2010, Hyun et al., 2009)

general receptor for phosphoinositides-1

(Khuong et al., 2010, Dasgupta et al., 2009)

lethal (2) SH0323

lethal (2) k08110

steppke

(Chabu et al., 2017, Malartre, 2016, Jin et al., 2012, Tardi et al., 2012, Becker et al., 2010, Casanova, 2007, Fuss et al., 2007, Zinke, 2007.2.26, Zinke et al., 2007, Fuss et al., 2006)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0032960
FBgn0040518
FBgn0022057
FBgn0065842

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 56 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

35425

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q0E8N2

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q0E8N2

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0086779

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

35425/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0086779

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0086779

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0086779

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG11628

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

35425

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

61369

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0086779

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0086779

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0086779

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0086779

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG11628

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0086779

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0086779

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC005815

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Endocytosis

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35425

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

35425

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Intra-Golgi traffic

References (142)